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Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT

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Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT February, 2013 February, 2013 Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA) EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE Co., Ltd. (ESS) IDEA Consultants, Inc. (IDEA) NIPPON KOEI Co., Ltd. (NK) 4R JR 13-017 Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Data Collection Survey on Disaster Management Program in Sri Lanka FINAL REPORT February, 2013 February, 2013 Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA) EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE Co., Ltd. (ESS) IDEA Consultants, Inc. (IDEA) NIPPON KOEI Co., Ltd. (NK) Exchange Rate Currency Rate ／ USD Japanese Yen （JPY） 93.88 Sri Lanka Rupee （LKR） 127.37 （Feb, 2013） Location Map of Survey Area i Photo List Photo-1 Bathalagoda Tank Photo-2 Kimburarwana Tank This tank is located in Kulunegala, Northwestern Many tanks in Sri Lanka are used for irrigation rather Province. The administration office of ID is close, they than flood control, adjustment of water discharge is are measuring the daily water level. carried out manually. Photo-3 Flooded House in December 2012 Photo-4 Flood Mark of the Past （Ratunapura） These houses had been flooded up to about 1.5m at that The flood water level of Kalu river in 1913 and 1947 is time. The river bank has been eroded by the flood and marked on the plate in the police government office. also revetment work was partially collapsed. Photo-5 Alert Siren (Ratunapura) Photo-6 Extensometer of Landslide Area This siren is used as a warning and for distributing This extensometer is still running, its state of information in the community at the time of a disaster. maintenance is not good. And other observation equipment was seen such as a groundwater observation hole. And also there was a water gage, borehole inclinometer, etc. ii Photo-7 Situation of Countermeasure Construction Photo-8 Debris flow in Matale As a pilot site of NBRO, countermeasure construction of This debris flow occurred Central Province in 17th the slope along the road is currently under construction. December 2012. Herewith three houses was flooded, This place is carrying out drainage and planting works seven people died. According to an interview, the on the cutting slope. two-day total rainfall was assumed to be about 700mm. Photo-9 Half Collapse House by Landslide Photo-10 Relief from Japan A cliff (height 80cm, width 4m) is confirmed in the Relief goods such as tents and sleeping mats, etc. from vicinity the house. At that time sediment discharge to Japan were delivered to various places that were the road was over 20m, traffic had become difficult. suffering flood damage. Photo-11 Interim Report Meeting Photo-12 Final Meeting （at DMC Conference Room） (at JICA Sri Lanka Office) The person in charge of many related organizations and The person in charge of related organizations (DMC, also the Secretary of the Ministry of Disaster DOM, ID, NBRO, etc.) attended the meeting, and Management attended the meeting. We discussed the discussed present issues and organizational control. survey results and future direction. iii Table of Contents Location Map of Survey Area Photo List Abbreviations 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the Survey ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 Purpose of the Survey .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Assignment of the Project Expert .................................................................................. 2 2. Present Conditions of Disaster Management in Sri Lanka ................................................ 5 2.1 Socio-Economic and Natural Conditions....................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Socio-economic conditions .................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Natural Conditions ................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Disaster Records ............................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Current Status of Disaster Management ...................................................................... 10 2.3.1 Actions taken by the Sri Lanka Government after 2004 and its Output ............... 10 2.3.2 Approach and Achievement of Past Projects by JICA and other Donors ............ 14 2.4 Selection of Key Issues of Disaster Management ........................................................ 17 2.4.1 Impact of Disasters ............................................................................................... 17 2.4.2 Priority of Disasters .............................................................................................. 19 2.4.3 Current Efforts, Future Direction and Discrepancies ........................................... 20 2.4.4 Selection of Key Issues of Disaster Management ................................................ 20 3. Assistance Program Formulation ..................................................................................... 22 3.1 Preparation Flow of Assistance Program ..................................................................... 22 3.1.1 Preparation Flow .................................................................................................. 22 3.1.2 Selection Criteria .................................................................................................. 22 3.2 Flood Management ...................................................................................................... 24 3.2.1 Present Condition ................................................................................................. 24 3.2.2 Future Vision ........................................................................................................ 31 3.2.3 Major Gaps ........................................................................................................... 32 3.2.4 Required Actions and Projects ............................................................................. 34 3.2.5 Selection of the Projects ....................................................................................... 35 3.3 Sediment-related Disaster Management (including Landslides) ................................. 38 3.3.1 Present Condition ................................................................................................. 38 3.3.2 Future Vision ........................................................................................................ 49 3.3.3 Major Gaps ........................................................................................................... 50 3.3.4 Required Actions and Projects ............................................................................. 52 3.3.5 Selection of the Projects ....................................................................................... 52 3.4 Meteorological Observation/Early Warning ................................................................ 55 3.4.1 Present Condition ................................................................................................. 55 3.4.2 Future Vision ........................................................................................................ 60 3.4.3 Major Gaps ........................................................................................................... 61 3.4.4 Required Actions and Projects ............................................................................. 62 3.4.5 Selection of the Projects ....................................................................................... 62 3.5 Overall Disaster Management ..................................................................................... 65 3.5.1 Present Condition ................................................................................................. 65 3.5.2 Future Vision ........................................................................................................ 74 3.5.3 Major Gaps ........................................................................................................... 75 3.5.4 Required Actions and Projects ............................................................................. 75 3.5.5 Selection of the Projects ....................................................................................... 76 List of Figure Figure 1-2 Flowchart of the Survey ...................................................................................... 4 Figure 2-1 Annual Mean Precipitation in Sri Lanka ............................................................. 7 Figure 2-3 Scores of Impacts of Disasters ........................................................................... 19 Figure 2-4 Number of Activities in the “Road Map” .......................................................... 19 Figure 3-1 Preparation Flowchart of JICA Assistance Program ......................................... 22 Figure 3-2 Selection of Candidate Projects ......................................................................... 23 Figure 3-4 Spatial Distribution of Flood Damages ............................................................. 26 Figure 3-6 Number of Landslide
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