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Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Appendices This chapter provides details of the Italy Candidates % 1st % 2nd results of presidential and legislative Referendum round round elections that took place in 2009 in Ivo Josipovic (SDP, Social 32.42 60.26 independent states, presented in cir- 21-22 June 2009 Democratic Party of Croatia) cum-Mediterranean order. The list also Under current rules, the apparentement Milan Bandic 14.83 39.74 2010 includes referenda and those elections (pre-election coalition) winning a plural- (Independent) held in autonomous entities or in any ity of votes automatically wins a major- Andrija Hebrang (HDZ, 12.04 - Med. other relevant territory that are of par- ity of seats. This referendum concerned Croatian Democratic ticular political significance. three questions: Union) Nadan Vidosevic 11.33 - Question 1: Should the majority of seats (Independent) in the Chamber go to the plurality party Portugal Vesna Pusic (HNS, 7.25 - instead of the plurality apparentement? Croatian People’s Party Legislative Elections - Liberal Democrats) 367 Question 2: Should the majority of Sen- Dragan Primorac 5.93 - 27 September 2009 ate seats in each region go to the plural- (Independent) Previous elections: 20 February 2005 ity party instead of the plurality appar- Miroslav Tudman 4.09 - Portugal has a unicameral Assembly of entement? (Independent) the Republic (Assembleia da Republica) Damir Kajin (IDS, Istrian 3.87 - Question 3: Should multiple candida- Democratic Assembly) with 230 seats. The deputies are elect- cies be outlawed? ed through a party-list proportional rep- Josip Jurcevic 2.74 - (Independent) resentation system. Assembly members Yes no Boris Miksic 2.10 - represent the entire country, rather than (Independent) Question 1 78.11% 21.89% the constituencies in which they were Vesna Skare-Ozbolt 1.89 - elected. Governments require majority Question 2 78.16% 21.84% (Independent) support in the Assembly in order to re- Question 3 87.85% 12.15% Slavko Vuksic 0.42 - main in office. (Democratic Party of Slavonia Plain) The turnout, however, was only 23.31% Turnout: 43.96% (1st round), 50.13% (2nd round) Party % Seats - 23.84%; way below the 50% neces- Socialist Party (SP) 36.6 97 sary for the ballot to be valid. Social Democratic Party 29.1 81 Montenegro (SDP) Legislative Elections Democratic and Social 10.5 21 Croatia Centre/People’s Party Presidential Elections (CDS/PP, Christian 29 March 2009. democrat) Previous elections: 10 September 2006 Left Bloc (BE, socialist/ 9.8 16 27 December 2009 and 10 January Montenegro has a unicameral Assembly Trotskyite/communist) 2010 (Skupstina) with 81 seats. The deputies Democratic Unity Coalition 7.9 15 Previous elections: 25 November 2007 are elected through a party-list propor- (CDU, coalition of the Since 2000 Croatia has been a parlia- Communist Party and the tional representation system to serve Ecologist Party) mentary republic. The President is elect- four-year terms. Turnout: 60.6% ed to a five-year term by an absolute These elections were held following the majority. early dissolution of Parliament on 26 January 2009. Milo Dukanovic, leader Candidates % 1st % 2nd Party % Seats round round of the Coalition for a European Mon- Socialist Party of Albania 40.9 65 tenegro, secured his sixth term as Prime Gjorgje Ivanov (Internal 35.06 63.14 (PSS, social-democrat) Macedonian Minister. Democratic Party of 40.1 68 Revolutionary Albania (PDS, Organisation – conservative) Party % Seats Democratic Party for Macedonian National Socialist Movement for 4.9 4 Coalition for a European 51.94 48 Unity, VMRO-DPMNE; Integration (LSI, Montenegro (pro- Christian-democrat) social-democrat) European & social democrat) : Ljubomir Frckoski 20.45 36.86 Republican Party (PR, 2 1 Democratic Party of (Social-Democratic national-conservative) Socialists (DPS) Union of Macedonia, Unity for Human Rights 1.2 1 Social Democratic Party of SDSM; social-democrat) Party (PBDNJ, centrist/ Montenegro (SDP) Imer Selmani (New 14.99 - liberal) Croatian Civic Initiative Democracy, ND; Party for Justice and 1 1 (HGI) represents ethnic Integration (PDI, Bosniak Party (BS) Albanians) centre-right/pro-Cham Socialist People’s Party of 16.84 16 Ljube Boskoski 14.87 - Albanians) Montenegro (SNP, (Independent) Turnout: 50.77%. Appendices socialist & pro-European) Agron Buxhaku 7.51 - New Serbian Democracy 9.22 8 (Democratic Union for Lebanon (NSD, national- Integration, BDI; conservative & pro- protects the rights of Legislative Elections Serbian) Albanians) Movement for Change 6.03 5 Nano Ruzin (Liberal- 4.05 - 7 June 2009 (PzP, centre-right & Democratic Party, LDP; Previous elections: 19 June 2005 pro-European) liberal) 2010 Lebanon has a unicameral National As- People’s Coalition 2.92 0 Mirushe Hoxha 3.15 - (conservative) (Democratic Party of sembly (Majlis al-Nuwab) with 128 Med. People’s Party (NS) Albanians, DPA; protects seats. The deputies are elected by a Democratic Serbian Party the rights of Albanians) (DSS) plurality vote in multi-member constitu- Turnout: 56.43% (1st round), 42.61% (2nd round). encies, based both on geography and Coalition for a Different 2.70 0 Montenegro (centre-left) religion, to serve a four-year term. Seats Liberal Party of are equally divided between Christian Montenegro (LPCG) albania Democratic Centre (DC) and Muslim members. The voting sys- 368 Legislative Elections tem is based on a majority system over Democratic Union of 1.47 1 Albanians (UDSh) one round, using the block vote (each 28 June 2009 New Democratic Power 0.91 1 voter may cast as many votes as the Previous elections: 3 July 2005 FORCA (Albanian number of MPs elected from each con- minority) Albania has a unicameral People’s As- stituency). The candidate(s) who win(s) sembly (Kuvendi Popullor) with 140 Albanian List/List 0.89 1 the highest number of votes for each Shquiptare/Democratic seats. The deputies are elected through League of Montenegro religious community is/are declared a party-list proportional representation (Albanian minority) elected. Albanian Coalition - “The 0.81 1 system within constituencies corre- Perspective” sponding to the 12 administrative re- Turnout: 66.19%. gions. They serve a four-year term. The alliances Seats threshold to win parliamentary represen- tation is 3% for political parties and 5% March 14 Alliance (coalition of 71 anti-Syrian parties) Macedonia for pre-election coalitions within any Movement of the Future (liberal) 28 Presidential Elections constituency. These elections were the Progressive Socialist Party (social 11 democrat) first to be held under the new electoral March 14 Independents 11 22 March 2009 and 5 April 2009 system adopted in April 2009. Previ- Lebanese Forces (Christian 8 Previous elections: 28 April 2004 ously a mixed electoral system was democrat) Kataeb Party (Christian democrat) 5 The President is elected by popular vote used, under which 100 of the 140 seats Social Democrat Hunchakian Party 2 to serve a five-year term. According to in Parliament were filled by the first- (Armenian) the electoral law, the president is elect- past-the-post system. Now all members Islamic Group (Sunni Islamist) 1 Ramgavar Party (Armenian 1 ed if he wins by a majority in the first are elected through proportional repre- democratic liberal party) round, or a simple majority in the second sentation. The revised electoral system Democratic Left Movement (social 1 round, in which the turnout must stand encourages small parties to run in coa- democrat) National Liberal Party (liberal 1 at over 40%. litions with large parties, rather than on conservative) their own. Independents 2 March 8 Alliance (coalition of 57 tunisia algeria pro-Syrian parties) Presidential and Parliamentary Elec- Presidential Elections Free Patriotic Movement (centrist) 18 tions Hezbollah (Islamist) 13 Amal Movement 13 9 April 2009 Marada Movement 3 25 October 2009 Previous elections: 8 April 2004 Lebanese Democratic Party 3 Previous elections: 24 October 2004 Algeria, officially the People’s Demo- Armenian Revolutionary Federation 2 (socialist) Presidential Republic with bicameral cratic Republic of Algeria, is a republic Syrian Social Nationalist Party 2 Parliament, in which the President is whose President is elected based on an Ba’ath Party (Arab nationalist/ 2 socialist) elected to a five-year term. The Parlia- absolute majority system for a 5-year Solidarity Party 1 ment comprises the Chamber of Depu- term. The incumbent President Ab- ties (Majlis Al-Nuwab), with 214 seats, delaziz Bouteflika was running for his and the Chamber of Councillors (Majlis third term, after a constitutional revision Israel al-Mustasharin), with 126 seats. De- removed the Presidency’s two-term Legislative Elections spite 53 seats being occupied by the limit in November 2008. opposition in the Chamber of Deputies, 10 February 2009 the Tunisian system of civil and political Candidates % of Previous elections: 28 March 2006 rights is not considered free. votes Appendices Israel has a unicameral Parliament Abdelaziz Bouteflika (National 90.24 (Knesset) with 120 seats. The members Presidential Elections Liberation Front , socialist, in coalition with the National Rally for are elected through a party-list propor- Democracy) tional representation system to serve a Candidates % of Louisa Hanoune (Worker’s Party, 4.22 four-year term. votes Trotskyite) Early elections for the Knesset were Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali 89.62 Moussa Touati (Algerian National 2.31 called upon the expiry of the deadline (Constitutional Democratic Rally) Front, nationalist, conservative) 2010 for the formation of a new coalition gov- Mohamed Bouchiha (Party of 5.01 Djahid Younsi (Movement for 1.37 People’s Unity) National Reform, Islamist) Med. ernment, after a series of corruption Ahmed Inoubli (Unionist 3.80 scandals forced Prime Minister Ehud Ali Fawzi Rebaine (Ahd 54, 0.93 Democratic Union) defence of human rights) Olmert to resign in July 2008. The Knes- Ahmed Brahim (Ettajdid 1.57 Mohammed Said (Party of Justice 0.92 set was dissolved on 10 November in Movement) and Liberty) view of the elections.
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