main in office. in main re- to order in Assembly the in support majority require Governments elected. were they which in constituencies the represent the entire country, rather than resentation system. Assembly members ed through a party-list proportional rep with 230 seats. The deputies are elect- the Republic (Assembleia da Republica) of Assembly unicameral Portugala has 2005 February 20 elections: Previous 2009 September 27 Elections Legislative Portugal significance. political ticular par of are that territory relevant other any in or entities autonomous in held and referenda includes those elections The order. list also cum-Mediterranean cir in presented states, in independent 2009 in place took that elections legislative and presidential of the results of details provides chapter This Mediterranean ElectoralObservatory Turnout:60.6% Social Democratic Party Democratic Social (SP) Party Democratic and Social and Democratic Democratic Coalition Unity Democratic socialist/ (BE, Bloc Left (SDP) democrat) (CDS/PP,Christian Party Centre/People’s ) Ecologist the and Party Communist the of coalition (CDU, Trotskyite/communist) 36.6 29.1 10.5 7.9 9.8 % Seats 97 81 21 15 16 - - - majority. absolute an by term five-year a to ed mentary republic. The President is elect parlia- a been has Croatia 2000 Since Previous elections: 25 November 2007 2010 January 10 and 2009 December 27 Elections Presidential Croatia valid. be to ballot the for sary neces- 50% the below way 23.84%; - The turnout, however, was only 23.31% outlawed? be cies candida- multiple Should 3: Question entement? appar- plurality the of instead party ity ate seats in each region go to the plural Question 2: instead of the plurality apparentement? in the Chamber go to the plurality party Question 1: questions: three ity of seats. This referendum concerned major- a wins automatically votes of ity (pre-election coalition) winning a plural Under current rules, the apparentement 2009 June 21-22 Referendum Italy Question 3 Question Question 2 Question Question 1 Question Should the majority of seats Should the majority of Sen 87.85% 78.16% 78.11% Yes 12.15% 21.84% 21.89% No ­ - - - early dissolution of Parliament on 26 26 on Parliament of dissolution early These elections were held following the terms. four-year serve to system representation tional are elected through a party-list propor- (Skupstina) with 81 seats. The deputies has a unicameral Assembly Previous elections: 10 September 2006 2009. March 29 Elections Legislative Montenegro round) (2nd 50.13% Turnout:round), (1st 43.96% Slavko VuksicSlavko VesnaSkare-Ozbolt Boris Miksic Boris Josip Jurcevic Josip Damir Kajin (IDS, Istrian (IDS, Kajin Damir Miroslav TudmanMiroslav Dragan Primorac Dragan Vesna(HNS, Pusic Nadan Vidosevic Nadan Andrija Hebrang (HDZ, Hebrang Andrija Milan Bandic Milan Candidates Ivo Josipovic (SDP,Josipovic Ivo Social Slavonia Plain) Slavonia of Party (Democratic (Independent) (Independent) (Independent) Democratic Assembly) Democratic (Independent) (Independent) - Liberal ) Liberal - Party People’s Croatian (Independent) Union) Democratic Croatian (Independent) Croatia) of Party Democratic round % 1st % 11.33 12.04 14.83 32.42 0.42 1.89 2.10 2.74 3.87 4.09 5.93 7.25 % 2nd % round 39.74 60.26 ------

367 Med.2010 Appendices 368 Med.2010 Appendices at over 40%. over at stand must turnout the which in round, round, or a simplefirst majoritythe in in the majority second a by wins he if ed the electoral law, the president is elect- to According term. five-year a serve to The President is elected by popular vote 2004 April 28 elections: Previous 2009 April 5 and 2009 March 22 Elections Presidential Macedonia Turnout:66.19%. Minister. tenegro, secured his sixth term Mon as Prime European a for Coalition the of leader Dukanovic, Milo 2009. January Party Coalition for a European a for Coalition Socialist People’s Party of Party People’s Socialist New Serbian Democracy Serbian New Movement for Change for Movement People’s Coalition People’s Coalition for a Different a for Coalition Democratic Union of Union Democratic New Democratic PowerDemocratic New Albanian List/List Albanian Albanian Coalition - “The - Coalition Albanian (BS) Party Bosniak (HGI) Initiative Civic Croatian (SDP) Montenegro of Party Democratic Social (DPS) Socialists of Party Democratic : democrat) social & European (pro- Montenegro socialist & pro-European) & socialist (SNP,Montenegro Serbian) pro- & conservative national- (NSD, pro-European) (PzP,& centre-right (DSS) Party Serbian Democratic (NS) Party People’s (conservative) Democratic Centre (DC) Centre Democratic (LPCG) Montenegro of Party Liberal (centre-left) Montenegro Albanians (UDSh) Albanians minority) (Albanian FORCA (Albanian minority) (Albanian Montenegro of League Shquiptare/Democratic Perspective” 51.94 16.84 9.22 6.03 2.92 2.70 1.47 0.91 0.89 0.81 % Seats 48 16 8 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 - their own. their on than rather parties, large with litions encourages small parties to run in coa- system electoral revised The sentation. are elected through proportional repre- past-the-post first- system. Now the all members by filled were Parliament in was used, system under which 100 of the electoral 140 seats mixed a ously Previ 2009. April in adopted system electoral new the under held be to first constituency. These elections were the any within coalitions pre-election for tation is 3% for political parties and 5% threshold to win parliamentary represen gions. They serve a four-year term. The re administrative 12 the to sponding corre constituencies within system representation proportional party-list a seats. 140 The deputies are elected with through Popullor) (Kuvendi sembly As- People’s unicameral a has Albania 2005 July 3 elections: Previous 2009 June 28 Elections Legislative Albania round). (2nd 42.61% Turnout:round), (1st 56.43% Candidates Mirushe Hoxha Mirushe (Liberal- Ruzin Nano Agron Buxhaku Agron Boskoski Ljube (New Selmani Imer Frckoski Ljubomir (Internal Ivanov Gjorgje the rights of Albanians) of rights the DPA;Albanians, protects of Party (Democratic liberal) Party,Democratic LDP; Albanians) of rights the protects BDI; Integration, for Union (Democratic (Independent) Albanians) ethnic represents Democracy,ND; social-democrat) SDSM; Macedonia, of Union (Social-Democratic Christian-democrat) Unity,VMRO-DPMNE; National Macedonian for Party Democratic – Organisation Revolutionary Macedonian round % 1st % 14.87 14.99 20.45 35.06 3.15 4.05 7.51 % 2nd % round 36.86 63.14 ------religious community is/are declared elected. declared is/are community religious each for votes of number highest the stituency). The candidate(s) who win(s) number of MPs elected from each con- the as votes many as cast may voter (each vote block the using round, one over system majority a on based is tem sys- voting The members. Muslim and Christian between divided equally are religion, to serve a four-year term. Seats and geography on both based encies, constitu- multi-member in vote plurality a by elected are deputies 128 The seats. with al-Nuwab) (Majlis sembly Lebanon has a unicameral National As- 2005 June 19 elections: Previous 2009 June 7 Elections Legislative Lebanon Turnout:50.77%. Party March 14 Alliance (coalition of (coalition Alliance 14 March Alliances Socialist Party of Albania of Party Socialist Democratic Party of Party Democratic Socialist Movement for Movement Socialist Republican Party (PR, Party Republican Unity for Human Rights Human for Unity Party for Justice and Justice for Party Independents (liberal Party Liberal National (social Movement Left Democratic (Armenian Party Ramgavar Islamist) (Sunni Group Islamic Party Hunchakian Democrat Social democrat) (Christian Party Kataeb (Christian Forces Lebanese Independents 14 March (social Party Socialist Progressive (liberal) Future the of Movement parties) anti-Syrian (PSS, social-democrat) (PSS, conservative) (PDS, Albania social-democrat) (LSI, Integration national-conservative) liberal) centrist/ (PBDNJ, Party Albanians) centre-right/pro-Cham (PDI, Integration conservative) democrat) party) liberal democratic (Armenian) democrat) democrat) 40.9 40.1 4.9 1.2 % 2 1 Seats Seats 65 68 11 11 28 71 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 5 8 Turnout:65.2%. elections. the of view in November 10 on dissolved was set Olmert to resign in July 2008. Ehud The Knes Minister Prime forced scandals corruption of series a after ernment, for the formation of a new coalition gov deadline the of expiry the upon called were Knesset the for elections Early term. four-year a serve to system representation tional are elected through a party-list propor- Parliament (Knesset) with unicameral 120 seats. The members a has Israel 2006 March 28 elections: Previous 2009 February 10 Elections Legislative Israel Israel Our Home (Yisrael Home Our Israel (conservative) Likud (centre) Kadima Party of (coalition Alliance 8 March National Democratic National wing, (right Home Jewish Movement New - Peace for Front Democratic Union National Arab List- Arab United TorahUnited Judaism (conservative) Shas left) (centre Party Labour Beiteinu, nationalist) Beiteinu, Party Solidarity nationalist/ (Arab Party Ba’ath Party Nationalist Social Syrian Federation Revolutionary Armenian Party Democratic Lebanese Movement Marada Movement Amal (Islamist) Hezbollah (centrist) Movement Patriotic Free parties) pro-Syrian nationalist) Arab (Balad, Assembly Zionist) democrat) (social communist) (Hadash, Equality and nationalist) Arab (UAL, Renewal (conservative) socialist) (socialist) 21.61 22.47 11.7 3.34 8.49 9.93 2.48 2.87 2.95 3.32 3.38 4.39 % Seats 27 28 13 13 18 57 15 11 13 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 - - Presidential Elections Presidential free. considered not is rights the Tunisian system of civil and political in the Chamber of Deputies, the by occupied being seats 53 spite De seats. 126 with al-Mustasharin), and the Chamber of Councillors (Majlis seats, 214 with Al-Nuwab), (Majlis ties ment comprises the Chamber of Depu- Parlia- The term. five-year a to elected is President the which in Parliament, bicameral with Republic Presidential 2004 October 24 elections: Previous 2009 October 25 tions Elec Parliamentary and Presidential T Legislative Elections Legislative Turnout:89.45%. Turnout:89.40%. Party Candidates Ahmed Brahim (Ettajdid Brahim Ahmed (Unionist Inoubli Ahmed of (Party Bouchiha Mohamed Constitutional Democratic Constitutional Ali Ben El-Abidine Zine Movement of Socialist of Movement Party of People’s Unity People’s of Party Unionist Democratic Union Democratic Unionist Social Liberal Party Liberal Social Party for Progress for Party Green Ettajdid Movement Ettajdid Democratic Forum for Forum Democratic Progressive Democratic Progressive Independent lists Independent unisia Movement) Union) Democratic Unity) People’s Rally Rally) Democratic (Constitutional Democrats Labour and Liberties and Labour Party 84.59 4.63 3.39 2.56 2.24 1.67 0.50 0.12 0.03 0.26 % Seats votes 89.62 % of % 1.57 3.80 5.01 161 16 12 9 8 6 2 - - - - - removed the Presidency’s two-term 2008. November in limit two-term Presidency’s the removed third term, after a constitutional revision his for running was Ab Bouteflika delaziz President incumbent The term. 5-year a for system majority absolute whose President is elected based on an republic a is Algeria, of Republic cratic Demo People’s the officially Algeria, 2004 April 8 elections: Previous 2009 April 9 Elections Presidential Algeria Database Parline TEIM electoral Observatorio Keesing’sEvents Worldof Record Electionguide IFES House Freedom CNN Archive Electoral Carr’s Adam Sources Turnout:74.54%. Abdelaziz Bouteflika (National Bouteflika Abdelaziz Candidates Mohammed Said (Party of Justice of (Party Said Mohammed 54, (Ahd Rebaine Fawzi Ali YounsiDjahid for (Movement TouatiMoussa National (Algerian (Worker’sHanoune Party,Louisa Democracy) for Rally National the with coalition in socialist, , Front Liberation and Liberty) and rights) human of defence Islamist) Reform, National conservative) nationalist, Front, Trotskyite) search.asp www.ipu.org/parline-e/parline acion.htm observatorio/Observatorio_present www.uam.es/otroscentros/TEIM/ www.keesings.com www.electionguide.org/index.php www.freedomhouse.org watch www.cnn.com/WORLD/election. http://psephos.adam-carr.net votes 90.24 % of % 0.92 0.93 1.37 2.31 4.22 - - - -

369 Med.2010 Appendices