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Some of the Information Contained in This Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Is Exempt from Public Disclosure in Accordance with S

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Some of the Information Contained in This Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Is Exempt from Public Disclosure in Accordance with S Some of the information contained in this Cultural Resource Assessment Survey is exempt from public disclosure in accordance with s. 267.135, F.S. and as a result those portions have been redacted. Information identifying the location of an archeological site held by the Division of Historical Resources of the Department of State is exempt from public disclosure. CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE POINCIANA PARKWAY EXTENSION (STATE ROAD 538) PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT STUDY FROM POINCIANA PARKWAY TO COUNTY ROAD 532, POLK AND OSCEOLA COUNTIES, FLORIDA CFX CONTRACT NO. 599‐224 SEARCH PROJECT NO. 180215 PREPARED FOR CENTRAL FLORIDA EXPRESSWAY AUTHORITY BY SEARCH AUGUST 2019 CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SURVEY FOR THE POINCIANA PARKWAY EXTENSION (STATE ROAD 538) PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT STUDY FROM POINCIANA PARKWAY TO COUNTY ROAD 532, POLK AND OSCEOLA COUNTIES, FLORIDA CFX CONTRACT NO. 599‐224 SEARCH PROJECT NO. 180215 PREPARED FOR CENTRAL FLORIDA EXPRESSWAY AUTHORITY PREPARED BY SEARCH CHRISTOPHER SYPNIEWSKI, KIRSTEN ARMSTRONG, AND BENJAMIN THOMPSON ___________________________________ CHRISTOPHER SYPNIEWSKI, MA, RPA PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR, ARCHAEOLOGY ___________________________________ KIRSTEN ARMSTRONG, MPHIL PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR, ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY WWW.SEARCHINC.COM AUGUST 2019 SEARCH August 2019 CRAS for the Poinciana Parkway Extension (SR 538), Polk and Osceola Counties, Florida Final Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the findings of a Phase I Cultural Resource Assessment Survey (CRAS) conducted in support of a Project Development and Environment (PD&E) study for an extension of Poinciana Parkway (State Road [SR] 538). The Central Florida Expressway Authority (CFX) is proposing an approximately 3‐mile (4.8‐kilometer) extension of Poinciana Parkway from Ronald Reagan Parkway north to Osceola‐Polk Line Road (County Road [CR] 532). The project also includes a utility relocation easement along the western perimeter of the right‐of‐way in the northern portion of the project. To encompass all potential improvements, the Area of Potential Effects (APE) was defined to include the existing and proposed Poinciana Parkway right‐of‐way. For the new roadway, the APE was extended 328 feet (100 meters) from the construction footprint. For the portions of the project located along existing roadway, the APE was extended to the back or side property lines of parcels adjacent to proposed new right‐of‐way, or a distance of no more than 328 feet (100 meters) from the maximum right‐of‐way line. For the utility easement, the APE was defined as the construction footprint, as these improvements will be at‐grade and cause no new viewshed concerns. The archaeological survey was conducted within the existing and proposed rights‐of‐way, as well as the utility easement. The historic structure survey was conducted within the entire Poinciana Parkway Extension APE. The archaeological field survey included visual reconnaissance and intensive systematic subsurface examination of the project right‐of‐way and utility easement. As a result of the archaeological survey, two newly documented prehistoric archaeological sites, PPLS#1 (8OS02940) and PPLS#2 (8OS02941), were identified. No features, midden, or other clearly discernable intact deposits were documented during the archaeological investigation. Both of the newly recorded archaeological sites (8OS02940 and 8OS02941) exhibited a low density of cultural materials and a lack of diagnostic artifacts. These sites do not appear to contain archaeological deposits that have the potential to yield further information important in the prehistory or history of the region. In the opinion of SEARCH, 8OS02940 and 8OS02941 are ineligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). In addition to the two newly recorded sites, six previously recorded archaeological sites are within or intersect the Poinciana Parkway Extension APE, including 8OS00150, 8OS00151, 8OS01722, 8OS02765, 8PO03968, and 8PO07756. Three of these sites (8OS00151, 8PO03968, and 8PO07756) are at least partially within the existing or proposed right‐of‐way and therefore within the current archaeological APE. As these sites within the right‐of‐way were entirely bounded by previous survey(s) or any additional delineation would require testing outside the current project limits, the sites were not retested as part of this study. Additionally, shovel tests excavated adjacent to the previous site boundaries identified no additional cultural material. The remaining three sites (8OS00150, 8OS01722, and 8OS02765) are not located within the existing or proposed right‐of‐way and therefore were not investigated during the current archaeological survey. The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) has determined all of the previously recorded archaeological sites ineligible for listing in the NRHP. iii August 2019 SEARCH Final Report CRAS for the Poinciana Parkway Extension (SR 538), Polk and Osceola Counties, Florida The architectural survey resulted in the identification and evaluation of 10 historic resources in the Poinciana Parkway Extension APE, including four previously recorded resources and six newly recorded resources. The previously recorded resources include two linear resources (8PO07154/8OS02567 and 8PO07219/8OS02540) and two structures (8PO07156 and 8PO07157). The newly recorded historic resources include six structures (8OS02937, 8PO08109, and 8PO08197–8PO08200). In addition, during the field review, one previously recorded resource (8PO07155) was confirmed to have been previously demolished. On January 30, 2009, SHPO stated that there was insufficient information to determine eligibility for either Old Kissimmee Road (8PO07154/8OS02567) or the South Florida Railroad (8PO07219/8OS02540) within Section 6 of Township 26 South, Range 28 East (Janus Research 2008). Both 8PO07156 and 8PO07157 were determined ineligible by SHPO on January 30, 2009 (Janus Research 2008). Based on the results of the current survey, SEARCH recommends that the South Florida Railroad (8PO07219/8OS02540) is eligible for the NRHP under Criteria A and C. Furthermore, it is the opinion of SEARCH that there remains insufficient information to make an eligibility recommendation regarding Old Kissimmee Road/Old Tampa Highway (8PO07154/8OS02567). The remaining eight historic resources are recommended ineligible for the NRHP due to a lack of historic associations, architectural significance, and/or historic integrity. Archaeological testing for the current survey effort was restricted in three areas, totaling 16 parcels in addition to the Reedy Creek Mitigation Bank. In the northern portion of the project limits, 12 parcels south of Osceola‐Polk Line Road (CR 532) were inaccessible due to landowner objections. In the middle portion of the project limits, four small rectangular parcels were inaccessible due to high chain‐link fencing and “no trespassing” signs. In the southern portion, access to the Reedy Creek Mitigation Bank was denied by the property manager. Untested portions of the proposed right‐of‐way will be subjected to archaeological and architectural history survey during future phases of the project once access is secured. The results of the additional survey will be prepared as a CRAS addendum and submitted under separate cover, at which time project‐related effects may be addressed. iv SEARCH August 2019 CRAS for the Poinciana Parkway Extension (SR 538), Polk and Osceola Counties, Florida Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... iii Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................. v List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. viii Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 Project Location and Environment ................................................................................................. 4 Location and Modern Conditions ............................................................................................... 4 Paleoenvironment ...................................................................................................................... 7 Historic Overview ............................................................................................................................ 8 Native American Culture History ................................................................................................ 8 Paleoindian Period (10,000–8000 BP) .................................................................................... 8 Archaic Period (8000–500 BC) ................................................................................................ 9 Woodland and Mississippian Periods (500 BC–AD 1565) ..................................................... 10 Post‐Contact History ................................................................................................................. 11 Early Exploration, 1513–1565 ..............................................................................................
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