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Drug Law Reform: Beyond Prohibition
THE AUSTRALIA INSTITUTE Drug Law Reform Beyond Prohibition Andrew Macintosh Discussion Paper Number 83 February 2006 ISSN 1322-5421 ii © The Australia Institute. This work is copyright. It may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes only with the written permission of the Australia Institute. Such use must not be for the purposes of sale or commercial exploitation. Subject to the Copyright Act 1968, reproduction, storage in a retrieval system or transmission in any form by any means of any part of the work other than for the purposes above is not permitted without written permission. Requests and inquiries should be directed to the Australia Institute. The Australia Institute iii Table of Contents Tables and Figures v Acknowledgements vi Summary vii 1. Introduction 1 2. Definitional and conceptual issues 4 2.1 What is a drug? 4 2.2 Licit and illicit drugs 4 2.3 Classifying psychoactive drugs 4 2.4 Other useful drug terms 5 2.5 What legislative options exist for drugs? 7 2.6 What do the terms ‘decriminalisation’ and ‘legalisation’ mean? 8 2.7 Diversion programs 9 3. A brief history of Australia’s drug laws 13 4. The theory behind Australia’s drug laws 23 4.1 Why have strict drug laws? 23 4.2 Reducing negative externalities and overcoming market failure 23 4.3 Reducing harm to individuals 28 4.4 Promoting and protecting moral values 30 5. Flaws in the strict prohibition approach 33 5.1 The direct costs of prohibition 33 5.2 The indirect costs of prohibition 34 6. -
Inaugural Speeches in the NSW Parliament Briefing Paper No 4/2013 by Gareth Griffith
Inaugural speeches in the NSW Parliament Briefing Paper No 4/2013 by Gareth Griffith ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author would like to thank officers from both Houses for their comments on a draft of this paper, in particular Stephanie Hesford and Jonathan Elliott from the Legislative Assembly and Stephen Frappell and Samuel Griffith from the Legislative Council. Thanks, too, to Lenny Roth and Greig Tillotson for their comments and advice. Any errors are the author’s responsibility. ISSN 1325-5142 ISBN 978 0 7313 1900 8 May 2013 © 2013 Except to the extent of the uses permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means including information storage and retrieval systems, without the prior consent from the Manager, NSW Parliamentary Research Service, other than by Members of the New South Wales Parliament in the course of their official duties. Inaugural speeches in the NSW Parliament by Gareth Griffith NSW PARLIAMENTARY LIBRARY RESEARCH SERVICE Gareth Griffith (BSc (Econ) (Hons), LLB (Hons), PhD), Manager, Politics & Government/Law .......................................... (02) 9230 2356 Lenny Roth (BCom, LLB), Acting Senior Research Officer, Law ............................................ (02) 9230 3085 Lynsey Blayden (BA, LLB (Hons)), Research Officer, Law ................................................................. (02) 9230 3085 Talina Drabsch (BA, LLB (Hons)), Research Officer, Social Issues/Law ........................................... (02) 9230 2484 Jack Finegan (BA (Hons), MSc), Research Officer, Environment/Planning..................................... (02) 9230 2906 Daniel Montoya (BEnvSc (Hons), PhD), Research Officer, Environment/Planning ..................................... (02) 9230 2003 John Wilkinson (MA, PhD), Research Officer, Economics ...................................................... (02) 9230 2006 Should Members or their staff require further information about this publication please contact the author. -
Upholding the Australian Constitution Volume Nineteen
Chapter Six The Politics of Federalism Ben Davies In 1967 Sir Robert Menzies published Central Power in the Australian Commonwealth. In this book he adopted the labels coined by Lord Bryce to describe the two forces which operate in a federation—the centripetal and the centrifugal. For those uneducated in physics, such as myself, centripetal means those forces which draw power towards the centre, or the Commonwealth, whilst centrifugal forces are those which draw power outwards towards the States. Menzies remarked that these forces are constantly competing against each other, and that the balance between them is never static.1 Not surprisingly, his view in 1967 was that the centripetal forces had well and truly predominated during the previous 66 years of Federation. Of course, he would not need long to reach the same conclusion were he to consider the same question now, 40 years later. Essentially there are three levels on which these two forces exert themselves. The first and most fundamental is the legal level, which describes the constitutional structures which determine the federal balance. On questions of federalism this Society has since its inception quite rightly concentrated most on this level of federalism, as it is at this level that the most profound changes have occurred. It is also the most influential level, as it sets the boundaries within which the other two levels can operate. The second level is what I would call the financial level, and this level concerns itself with the question of the relative financial powers of the States and Commonwealth. In particular, this level is characterised by the ever-increasing financial dominance of the Commonwealth relative to the States, and the “vertical fiscal imbalance” with which the States have had to contend for most of their existence since Federation. -
Koala Protection Act Sent to Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull
23 May 2016 Australian Press Release: Koala Protection Act sent to Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull Koala Foundation The Australian Koala Foundation (AKF) has written to Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, Opposition Leader Bill Shorten, Nationals Leader Barnaby Joyce and Greens Leader Richard A.C.N. 010 922 102 Di Natale today to request their support for a Koala Protection Act. The Koala Protection Act is a piece of national legislation that has been formulated by the AKF in consultation with legal teams in Australia and overseas focusing on protecting Koala habitat. Current legislation focuses on the Koala itself but not their habitat. A draft of the Act was enclosed, along with a Statutory Declaration for all leaders to sign prior to the election that states that they will seek to support the Koala via this legislation should they be re-elected. CEO of the AKF Deborah Tabart OAM said that the Act is based on the USA’s Bald Eagle Act that brought the Bald Eagle back from the brink of extinction. She said as Australia’s national icon, the Koala needs the same strength of purpose. “It is not our intention to offend the leaders by requesting they sign a Statutory Declaration, but rather a determination borne of frustration over the AKF’s 30-year experience,” said Ms Tabart. “Since 1988 when I was appointed as CEO of the AKF I have had conversations and correspondence with the who’s who of Australian politics; Environment Ministers at the Federal level and Premiers at the State level."[see notes below] Ms Tabart said the number of Environment Ministers in each State and the Mayors of the 320 Councils in Koala Habitat that she has also corresponded with is too high to remember. -
Country Week: Bringing the City to the Country?
Country Week: Bringing the City to the Country? Phil McManus and John Connell Recent decades have seen seemingly inexorable population decline in many parts of rural and regional Australia, despite local and national strategies to avert emerging economic and population imbalances (Country Shire Councils Association and Country Urban Councils Association Working Party; Pritchard and McManus). Since 2004 a novel initiative has sought to encourage new migration flows into rural Australia. Country Week, a three-day city fair operating in New South Wales and Queensland, involves rural and regional councils and other organisations publicising the advantages of rural areas and small towns and encouraging households to relocate from cities. Unlike most strategies for regional development, which are usually based on stimulating business activity, Country Week is a private sector initiative (albeit supported by governments), and is targeted at particular households. Country Week seeks to revitalise less obviously attractive regional areas as well as meeting and matching employment demands and opportunities in thriving regional areas. In so doing it has stimulated new ways of conceiving the country, challenged some perceptions of an urban-rural divide and created more flexible images of rural life. Initiated by business groups from Armidale, in northern New South Wales, Country Week Expo has been held on four occasions in Sydney, and in Brisbane for the first time in 2007. The locations varyÐRosehill Gardens Racecourse in western Sydney contrasts with the inner-urban South Bank location in Brisbane. Entry is free to the public. The event is supported by significant political figures from across the political divide. Former Labor Premier of NSW, Morris Iemma, opened the 2006 Expo, which also featured a keynote speech by then Liberal Party Senator Amanda Vanstone, while the Expo has prominent National Party support. -
Scangate Document
The law governing liability arising from personal injuries occurring in the course of recreational activities is exceedingly complex.1 One of the complexities is that statutory guarantees that services be provided with due care and skill under the Australian Consumer Law (ACL) can be excluded via s139A Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) (CCA), limited in its application to Commonwealth jurisdiction. Importantly, therefore, the exclusion provision is not contained in the ACL itself, nor are there equivalent provisions in the State FairTrading Acts or the CLAs.2 Photo copyright © Bill Madden nder previous consumer protection laws, and the most accurate legal descriptor of contract terms that exclusion clauses were effectively invalid, which exclude or limit liability is ‘exemption’ or ‘exception’ clauses). meant that someone injured in the course of Given the significant number of injuries that occur in the recreational activities always had the option to context of recreational activities, and the widespread use of sue for breach of consumer service guarantees.3 waivers, it is worth exploring when, precisely, such waivers UNow, if an exclusion clause is successfully incorporated are effective to deprive users of recreational services of their into a contract, such a clause will effectively preclude a rights to sue. Unless carefully drafted and appropriately negligence action. Therefore, recreational service providers provided to a customer, such clauses may not in fact exclude, can seek to minimise the risks of legal liability for injuries by avoid or limit the legal liability, even where the law permits means of contract terms that exclude or limit liability, that is, such exclusion clauses. -
Public Leadership—Perspectives and Practices
Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Edited by Paul ‘t Hart and John Uhr Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/public_leadership _citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Public leadership pespectives and practices [electronic resource] / editors, Paul ‘t Hart, John Uhr. ISBN: 9781921536304 (pbk.) 9781921536311 (pdf) Series: ANZSOG series Subjects: Leadership Political leadership Civic leaders. Community leadership Other Authors/Contributors: Hart, Paul ‘t. Uhr, John, 1951- Dewey Number: 303.34 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by John Butcher Images comprising the cover graphic used by permission of: Victorian Department of Planning and Community Development Australian Associated Press Australian Broadcasting Corporation Scoop Media Group (www.scoop.co.nz) Cover graphic based on M. C. Escher’s Hand with Reflecting Sphere, 1935 (Lithograph). Printed by University Printing Services, ANU Funding for this monograph series has been provided by the Australia and New Zealand School of Government Research Program. This edition © 2008 ANU E Press John Wanna, Series Editor Professor John Wanna is the Sir John Bunting Chair of Public Administration at the Research School of Social Sciences at The Australian National University. He is the director of research for the Australian and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). -
KIRKHAM GRAMMAR SCHOOL HMC Co-Educational Independent Day and Boarding 3-18 Years
KIRKHAM GRAMMAR SCHOOL HMC Co-Educational Independent Day and Boarding 3-18 years Headmaster’s Newsletter to Parents Summer 2014 As I write this introduction, the exam season is in full swing and our pupils are hopefully rising to the challenge; Dr Richard Luker, H EADMASTER'S the amount of work and time that goes into running examinations both internal and external is huge and I am KGS 2005 – 2014 very grateful to all out staff involved with the process. I I NTRODUCTION always look forward (with a little trepidation) to August when we see our pupils achieve what they have worked Richard Luker was appointed as Deputy so hard for. To all those who go on from here to the next Head in 2005, coming from Denstone stage in their education, good luck. College in Staffordshire, where he had been Director of Studies. He joined at Sport has been as good as ever and all our teams have a time when the role of Deputy Head enjoyed success in all sports and disciplines. One stand was evolving from the traditional, rather out success was our 1st XI’s draw against the MCC. On vaguely “second in command” post to a wicket that offered something for everyone, we held on a much more specific and demanding to achieve a result that not many schools who have the responsibility for the academic life of privilege to play the MCC can say they have managed. the school, notably as a leader of all Judging by the age of many of our players, the future is the academic departments and as the bright. -
Legislative Assembly
New South Wales Legislative Assembly PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Fifty-Sixth Parliament First Session Tuesday, 13 February 2018 Authorised by the Parliament of New South Wales TABLE OF CONTENTS Visitors ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Visitors ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Private Members' Statements ..................................................................................................................... 1 Seven Hills Electorate Events ................................................................................................................ 1 Tribute to Paul Tosi ............................................................................................................................... 2 Oxley Electorate Australia Day Award Recipients ............................................................................... 3 Pittwater Electorate Volunteer Surf Lifesavers ..................................................................................... 4 Next Step Communities Inc. .................................................................................................................. 4 Glen Innes Show .................................................................................................................................... 5 Public Transport .................................................................................................................................... -
Tom Brock Lecture Booklet 7 – Roy Masters
7TH ANNUAL TOM BROCK LECTURE NSW LEAGUES’ CLUB • 21 September 2005 ‘The Great Fibro versus Silvertail Wars’ The svengali of Lidcombe (courtesy of Moir and the Sydney Morning Herald, 13 Sept. 1984). Mr Roy Masters 7TH ANNUAL TOM BROCK LECTURE NSW LEAGUES’ CLUB SYDNEY • 21 SEPTEMBER 2005 ‘The Great Fibro versus Silvertail Wars’ The svengali of Lidcombe (courtesy of Moir and the Sydney Morning Herald, 13 Sept. 1984). Mr Roy Masters Published in 2006 by the Tom Brock Bequest Committee on behalf of the Australian Society for Sports History © ASSH and the Tom Brock Bequest Committee This monograph is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. ISBN: Design & layout: UNSW Publishing & Printing Services Printer: Graphitype TOM BROCK BEQUEST The Tom Brock Bequest, given to the Australian Society for Sports History (ASSH) in 1997, con- sists of the Tom Brock Collection supported by an ongoing bequest. The Collection, housed at the University of New South Wales, includes manuscript material, newspaper clippings, books, photographs and videos on rugby league in particular and Australian sport in general. It represents the finest collection of rugby league material in Australia. ASSH has appointed a Committee to oversee the Bequest and to organise appropriate activities to support the Collection from its ongoing funds. Objectives: 1. To maintain the Tom Brock Collection. 2. To organise an annual scholarly lecture on the history of Australian rugby league. 3. To award an annual Tom Brock Scholarship to the value of $5,000. -
The Dorahy Family
The Dorahy Family The Irish origins and Australian descendants of William and Ann Dorahy Helen Patterson The Dorahy Family: The Irish origins and Australian descendants of William and Ann Dorahy © Helen Patterson 2012 Published in 2012 for the 175th Anniversary of the arrival of the Dorahy family in Sydney in 1837 Helen Patterson 2/26 Wicks Rd North Ryde NSW 2113 (02) 8084 4721 [email protected] This work is copyright. No part may be reproduced without permission of the author. Cover: Image of Adam Lodge reproduced from Samuel Walters - Marine Artist: Fifty Years of Sea, Sail and Steam by A S Davidson, 1992, (ISBN: 0-947764-46-1) with permission of the publishers Jones-Sands Publishing, Warwickshire, UK ii The Dorahy Family: The Irish origins and Australian descendants of William and Ann Dorahy CONTENTS Part A Introduction - The Dorahy name 7 1. Dromore, Tyrone, Ireland 10 2. The Dorahys in County Tyrone 16 3. The 1837 Voyage of the Adam Lodge 21 4. Greendale, NSW 29 5. William and Ann Dorahy 37 6. Catherine Dorahy and John Lovat 47 7. Patrick Dorahy, Mary Pidgeon and Bridget Coffey 55 8. William Dorahy and Julia Coffey 67 9. Bridget Dorahy and Ludwig Anschau 74 Part B 10. Some Dorahy descendants 1837-1937 85 Dorahy family biographies 93 iii Preface When I was young I used to ask my grandfather, Joe Dorahy (son of Patrick), about our Dorahy forebears. Where did the Dorahys come from? Why was the name so unusual that no one could pronounce it or spell it correctly? He told me that our ancestors came from Ireland, that two Dorahy brothers came to Australia when they were very young, that these brothers married two sisters - and that he had no idea about the origins of our name! That was the sum total of his knowledge of our ancestry. -
Council Business Paper 30 October 2017
BUSINESS PAPER ORDINARY MEETING OF COUNCIL To be held at 6.00 pm on Monday 30 October 2017 Council Chambers, Level 10, Council Administration Building, 41 Burelli Street, Wollongong Order of Business Members 1 Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners Lord Mayor – 2 Civic Prayer Councillor Gordon Bradbery OAM (Chair) 3 Apologies Deputy Lord Mayor – 4 Disclosures of Pecuniary Interest Councillor David Brown 5 Petitions and Presentations Councillor Cameron Walters 6 Confirmation of Minutes - Ordinary Meeting Councillor Cath Blakey of Council 31/07/2017 Councillor Chris Connor 7 Confirmation of Minutes - Extraordinary Councillor Dom Figliomeni Meeting of Council 9/10/2017 Councillor Janice Kershaw 8 Public Access Forum Councillor Jenelle Rimmer 9 Call of the Agenda Councillor John Dorahy 10 Lord Mayoral Minute Councillor Leigh Colacino 11 Urgent Items Councillor Mithra Cox 12 Notice of Motions Councillor Tania Brown 13 Agenda Items Councillor Vicky King QUORUM – 7 MEMBERS TO BE PRESENT Ordinary Meeting of Council 30 October 2017 INDEX PAGE NO. Minutes of Ordinary Meeting of Council 31/07/2017 Minutes of Extraordinary Meeting of Council 9/10/2017 ITEM C Lord Mayoral Minute: Job Security for Employees of Australian Disability Enterprises ....... A-1 ITEM A Notice of Motion - Councillor Colacino - Installation of Pedestrian Crossing corner Lawrence Hargrave Drive and Henley Road, Thirroul ............................................................ 1 ITEM B Notice of Motion - Councillor Cox - Flying the Rainbow Flag in Support of Diversity .............. 2 ITEM 1 Draft Planning Proposal Wests Illawarra Leagues Club Unanderra ....................................... 3 ITEM 2 Certification of the Wollongong Coastal Zone Management Plan ......................................... 13 ITEM 3 Proposed Reclassification and Sale of Lot 505 DP833242 Murranar Road Towradgi .........