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Hajime Horiguchi Tokyo Suido Services Co., Ltd. Contents 1. Introduction 2. NRW reduction in Tokyo （establishment of water saving city) ３．GIS and Map Management System ４．SCADA (By Water Supply Operation Center) ５．Conclusion 1. Introduction 1.1 Tokyo Now 1.2 Tokyo’s Experience 1.1 Tokyo Now Since the start of modern water supply in 1898, Bureau of Waterworks,Tokyo Metropolitan Government has been supporting the urban prosperity of Tokyo, one of the biggest cities in the world. Start of Service December 1, 1898 Service Area 1,223km2 Population Served 12.8 million Non Revenue Water Rate 4.2 % (Leakage Rate) (2.8 %) Total Pipe Length 26,348 km Water Supply Capacity 6.9 million m3/day Average Daily Supply 4.3 million m3/day Tokyo Water Availability 24/7 Note: AS of 2012 1.2 Tokyo’s Experience Tokyo’s 1.2 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 0 Water Crisis Water 1956 1957 1958 Economic Rapid 1959 Games in 1964 in1964 Games 1960 Olympic Tokyo 1961 Growth 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 and 1967 1968 1969 1970 Supply & Demand Water 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 Oil Crisis 1976 Crisis 1964 in Water 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Collapse 1988 1989 1990 1991 Expansion Capacity 1992 1993 1994 Economy Bubble of the 1995 Supply Capacity 1996 1997 1990 in 1998 1999 Demand 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2. Establishment of Water Saving City 2. Establishment of a water saving city Five policies 2.1 Water saving tariff 2.2 Promotion of water recycling 2.3 Development/extensive use of water saving devices 2.4 Water saving campaign 2.5 Acceleration of leak prevention 2 Establishment of a water saving city 2.1 Water saving tariff system Increasing with consumption Volume Charges Fixed 1 6 11 21 31 51 101 201 1,001 Charges ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ ～ Increasing with with diameter Increasing 5 10 20 30 50 100 200 1,000 Charge brackets (Yen) m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 m3 (Yen/m3) φ 13mm 860 φ 20mm 1,170 0 22 128 163 202 213 298 372 404 φ 25mm 1,460 φ 30mm 3,435 213 298 372 404 φ 40mm 6,865 Household φ 50mm 20,720 372 404 & industries φ 75mm 45,623 φ 100mm 94,568 φ 150mm 159,094 φ 200mm 349,434 404 φ 250mm 480,135 φ 300mm～ 816,145 Public bath 0 22 109 ￥6,865 for diameters of 40mm or more * Water bill includes charge and consumption tax: Billed amount = (Fixed charge + Volume charge ×Volume) × 1.05 2.1 Establishment of a water saving city 2.2 Promotion of water recycling Elevated tank ・Flush water Recycled water Drinking water ・Sprinkling water Treatment plant Sewer 2.1 Establishment of a water saving city 2.1.3 Development/extensive use of water saving devices Saved Water by 76% ! 20L 20 Water saving toilet 18 16 14 13L 12 10L 10 8L 8 6L 5.5L 6 4.8L 20L/Flush 4.8L/Flush 4 -15.2L before 1975 now 2 0 ～1975 1994 1999 2007 1976 2006 Water saving washing machine 2. Establishment of a water saving city 2.4 Water saving campaign Skit Experiments Water Campaign Caravan for elementary school pupils Brochure “ Water Day” event Directly drinking from taps Poster Conutermeasure of water leakage prevention 2. Establishment of a water saving city 2.5 Acceleration of leak prevention ②Replacement with stainless steel service ①Replacement with anti-seismic joint pipes pipes ③Leak detection ④Leak repair 2. Establishment of a water saving city 2.6 Total consumption/person/day Distribution ( 105m3 ) Population served (103people) Consumption (liters/person/day) Distributed volume/year ３. GIS and Map Management System 3.1 GIS 3.2 Map management system ３.1 GIS 3.1.1 Composition and main functions Main functions 1 Retrieving diagrams 2 Displaying distribution stop and cloudy water areas 3 Retrieving and displaying detailed diagram information 4 Retrieving and displaying construction work information 5 Retrieving and displaying emergency information ３.1 GIS 3.1.2 Displaying distribution stop span and cloudy water areas The area of cloudy water resulting from a distribution stop over a span of a pipeline can be estimated and displayed. Cloudy water area Distribution stop span ３.1 GIS 3.1.2 Output Meter, Diameter Address Valve Receiving tank Hydrant Tap No. Diameter, Material, Construction year ３.2 Map management system 3.2.1 Diagram of Block No 769 Number of Blocks ・Urban Area 4,900 ・Suburban Area 2,300 Total 7,200 Each block has ・700 households and 2,100 people served ・Pipe length 2.5km – 3.3km M Flow Meter Chamber ３.2 Map management system 3.2.2 Pipeline inspection for proper management Air valve inspection Pipe offset measurement Gate valve inspection ３.2 Map management system 3.2.4 Water Suspension Management Diagram : Valve plan profile ３.2 Map management system 3.2.5 Offset diagram Facility and number Road width and occupying place Diameter Pipe material and depth Address Distance from reference points Address 21 ４. SCADA 4.1 History of Water Supply operation Center 4.2 Purification Plants and Supply Stations 4.3 Data collection and monitoring 4.4 Pipe Trouble Detection 4.5 Water Distribution during Soccer Game 4.6 Pressure and leakage rate 22 4. SCADA 4.1 History of Water Supply Operation Center 1964： Telemetry systems began to be installed. 1979： Water Supply Operation Center was established. Number of distribution Pipe telemeters: 215 Kinds of collecting data: 1,400 2012: Number of distribution pipe telemeters: 310 Kinds of collecting data: 20,000 Number of monitoring facilities: 54 ・The center monitors 24/7. ・Supply stations and purification plants are operated according to the raw water intake plan, transmission /distribution main operation plan, distribution pump operation plan, and service reservoir operation plan prepared by the center. 23 4. SCADA 4.2 Purification Plants and Supply Stations Yagisawa Dam Naramata Dam R.Naka Kasumigaura Water Conveyance Sonohara Dam Kusaki Dam (Under Construction) Aimata Dam Fujiwara Dam Water Supply Operation Center R.Tone Lake Kasumigaura Yanba Dam 利根川 Watarase Reservoir (Under construction) Kasumigaura Tone Weir kaihatsu Shimokubo Dam Musashi Channel Takizawa Dam R.Naka R.Edo Akigase Intake Weir Kita-chiba Water Conveyance Channel Urayama Dam R.Ara Arakawa Reservoir Misato Murayama-Yamaguchi Nakagawa River/Edo River Connection Water Conveyance Channel reservoir Mizumoto Water conservation forests 山口貯水池 Raw water Asaka Misono Kitasikahama Kanamachi connecting pipe Koemon Higashi-murayama Itabashi Minami Ozaku Ooyaguchi Kamiigusa Nerima -seuju Ogouchi Kameido Reservoir Higashi-yamato Hongo Suginami Toyozumi Ozaku Intake Weir Yodobashi Yasaka Izumi Nishi- Hamura Intake Weir Sakai Wadabori Harumi mizue Koto Kasai Narahara Toyosu Hino Takaido Komazawa Yoyogi Shiba Hodokubo Ariake Okura Inagi Tokyo Bay Hijirigaoka 多摩川 Toukai R.Tama Sagami Dam Kinuta Yakumo Kinuta -shimo Water Purification Plant(11) Tamagawa Kamiikedai Nagasawa Water Supplying Station(40) Shiroyama Dam Chofu Intake Weir Pumping Station Transmission Mains R.Sagami相模川 Water Pipes River, Water conveyance pipes 4. SCADA 4.3 Data collection and monitoring Collecting data on pressure and flow rate from water sources to distribution networks Water Sources (rainfall Monitoring measurements, Room etc.) Telemeter Comprehensive Water Supply Dams (water levels, amounts stored, Computer Room etc.) Data Collection / Rivers Monitoring (water levels, flow rates, etc.) Telemetry Purification Plants Pumps, Distribution (raw water intake, output, (flow rates, water Reservoirs(operation, pressure, etc.) etc.) water levels, etc.) 4. SCADA 4.4 Pipe Trouble Detection Upper Limit Exceeded Warning Upper Limit Pressure / Flow Rate Data Normal Pressure/Flow Rate Pressure/Flow Operation Range Lower Limit Time If the upper or lower limit is exceeded, an alarm will sound and the conditions will be displayed on the multi-screen. 4. SCADA 4.5 Water Distribution during a Soccer Game of Japan vs Denmark in FIFA World Cup South Africa on Friday, June 25, 2010 (㎥/h) 130,000 June 25 120,000 Average of May 21, 28, and June 4 110,000 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 Second後半 Half 60,000 First Half Halftime (Time) 50,000 05:00 03:00 03:10 03:20 03:30 03:40 03:50 04:00 04:10 04:20 04:30 04:40 04:50 05:10 05:20 05:30 05:40 05:50 06:00 4. SCADA 4.6 Pressure and Leakage rate Mpa : Water Pressuer %: Leakage rate 0.35 18.0 16.0 0.30 +0.7Mpa Average water pressure of 14.0 0.25 distribution sub-main pipes 12.0 0.20 10.0 Expansion of direct 8.0 0.15 water supply to the 3rd floor （1989～） 6.0 0.10 - ９% 4.0 0.05 Water leakage rate 2.0 0.00 0.0 1985 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 5.Conclusion Our “efforts toward 3% leakage rate” won the Global Honour Awards. The IWA 2012 World Project GIS SCADA Innovation Awards Ｐｒｏｐｅｒ Ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ Atsushi Masuko Director General, Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Gvmt. Provide safe and secure water to the world Thank you for your attention 30 .
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  • Print Sample of English Manuscript

    Print Sample of English Manuscript

    Annual Journal of Hy draulic Engineering, JSCE, Vol.5 9, 2015, February INVESTIGATING THE HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE OF CURRENT DAM OPERATION SYSTEM TO FUTURE CLIMATE IN A SNOWY RIVER BASIN (YATTAJIMA) OF JAPAN Maheswor SHRESTHA1, Patricia Ann JARANILLA-SANCHEZ2, Lei WANG 3 and Toshio KOIKE4 1,2Member of JSCE, Ph. D., Research Associate, Dept. of Civil Eng., the University of Tokyo (Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan) 3Member of JSCE, Ph. D., Professor, Inst. of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing, 100085, China) 4Fellow of JSCE, Dr. Eng., Professor, Dept. of Civil Eng., the University of Tokyo (Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan) A distributed biosphere hydrological model with energy balance based multilayer snow physics (WEB-DHM-S) was implemented to investigate the hydrologic response of the current dam operation system to future climate in a snowy river basin (Yattajima basin) of Japan considering the impacts on flood, drought and dam behavior. Dynamic downscaled data (6 km and hourly) for past and future climate were archived from Data Integration and Analysis System (DIAS). Dam operation modules for 6 dams were formulated based on observed patterns of dam inflow/outflow and were validated in 2001-2005. The climatological average analysis of past (1981-2010) vs future (2081-2110) simulation results indicate that a remarkable decrease in runoff in May at Yagisawa, Naramata, Fujiwara and Aimata dam is observed due to shift of snowmelt towards April. Top 20 flood analysis reveals that future peak flow will increase in all gauges and dams except Fujiwara dam. Flood risk is reduced by Fujiwara dam due to the projected changes in snow seasonality.