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Inspection of Embassy N'djamena, Chad

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Inspection of Embassy N'djamena, Chad UNCLASSIFIED ISP-I-20-02 Office of Inspections November 2019 Inspection of Embassy N’Djamena, Chad BUREAU OF AFRICAN AFFAIRS UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED November 2019 OFFICE OF INSPECTIONS BUREAU OF AFRICAN AFFAIRS Inspection of Embassy N’Djamena, Chad What OIG Found ISP-I-20-02 • The Chargé d’Affaires and the Deputy Chief of Mission led Embassy N’Djamena in a professional What OIG Inspected and collaborative manner. OIG inspected the executive direction, program • Long-term staffing gaps affected the embassy’s and policy implementation, and resource ability to pursue its policy objectives and manage management operations of Embassy N’Djamena. risk. • The embassy’s management of foreign assistance What OIG Recommends grants did not meet Department of State OIG made 25 recommendations: 22 standards. recommendations to Embassy N’Djamena, 1 to • One of the embassy’s American Spaces did not the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, 1 fulfill its purpose as a strategic venue for public to the Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations, diplomacy programming to advance U.S. foreign and 1 to the Bureau of Human Resources. policy objectives. • Internal control issues in general services In its comments on the draft report, the operations and facility management adversely Department concurred with all 25 affected Embassy N’Djamena operations. recommendations. OIG considers all 25 • The Department had excess real properties that recommendations resolved. The Department’s could be sold, resulting in an estimated $7.1 million response to each recommendation, and OIG’s that could be put to better use. reply, can be found in the Recommendations • section of this report. The Department’s formal Spotlight on Success: Embassy N’Djamena written responses are reprinted in their entirety successfully launched an innovative foreign in Appendix B. assistance program in 2019 to track and monitor Chadian elephant herds to protect them from poaching, advancing important U.S. foreign policy priorities related to rule of law, counterterrorism, and economic development. UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CONTENTS CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE DIRECTION ................................................................................................................ 3 Tone at the Top and Standards of Conduct ........................................................................... 3 Execution of Foreign Policy Goals and Objectives ................................................................. 3 Adherence to Internal Controls ............................................................................................. 4 Equal Employment Opportunity Program ............................................................................. 4 Security and Emergency Planning .......................................................................................... 5 Developing and Mentoring Foreign Service Professionals .................................................... 5 POLICY AND PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION................................................................................ 6 Political-Economic Section ..................................................................................................... 6 Public Diplomacy .................................................................................................................... 9 Consular Affairs .................................................................................................................... 11 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 12 Real Property ....................................................................................................................... 12 General Services ................................................................................................................... 14 Facility Management ........................................................................................................... 18 Human Resources ................................................................................................................ 20 Financial Management ........................................................................................................ 20 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................. 21 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................ 25 PRINCIPAL OFFICIALS ................................................................................................................. 32 APPENDIX A: OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY ......................................................... 33 APPENDIX B: MANAGEMENT RESPONSES................................................................................. 34 ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................................................... 47 OIG INSPECTION TEAM MEMBERS ............................................................................................ 48 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CONTEXT Chad, one of poorest countries in the world, is bordered by countries suffering significant instability, including Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, and the Central African Republic to the south. Out of a population of 15.8 million people, 40 percent live below the poverty line and 65 percent are under the age of 25. Chad ranked 202 out of 228 countries in per capita gross domestic product, which the International Monetary Fund projected would be $918 in 2019. The country’s socioeconomic development is affected by high birth rates, poor access to education, and limited employment opportunities in an economy overly dependent on agriculture and the oil industry. Progress in addressing significant security, political, and economic challenges is hampered by weak democratic institutions, poor governance, widespread corruption, and inadequate rule of law. Chad ranked 163 out of 169 countries on the United Nations Development Program’s Human Development Index in 2019.1 Following independence from France in 1960, Chad endured three decades of civil warfare, as well as invasions by Libya, before peace was restored in 1990. The capital city of N’Djamena experienced a significant insurrection in early 2008, leading to a temporary evacuation of all direct-hire U.S. embassy personnel and their families. In 2016, President Idriss Deby was reelected to his fifth term. Rebel forces based in southern Libya launched attacks in northern Chad in February 2019 but were repulsed by the Chadian military with French air support. Violent extremism and an influx of refugees pose significant challenges to the country’s security and long-term stability. In late 2015, the government imposed a state of emergency in the Lake Chad region following multiple attacks by the Nigeria-based terrorist group Boko Haram. Chad is a major troop contributor to the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali, to the Multinational Joint Task Force to counter Boko Haram based in N’Djamena, and to the G-52 Sahel Joint Force created in 2017 to secure borders across the Sahel region.3 Figure 1: Map of Chad (Source: CIA World Factbook) 1 The Human Development Index is a summary measure of average achievement in three key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable, and having a decent standard of living. The health dimension is assessed by life expectancy. The education dimension is measured by mean of years of schooling for adults aged 25 years and more and expected years of schooling for children of school entering age. The standard of living dimension is measured by gross national income per capita. 2 G-5 members include Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger. 3 Embassy N’Djamena, Integrated Country Strategy, September 6, 2018. ISP-I-20-02 1 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Chad currently has more than 450,000 refugees from Sudan and other countries, and there are more than 165,000 internally displaced persons in the Lake Chad region. The United States, European Union, and other donors support the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the World Food Program, and other international organizations’ efforts to assist these populations. Embassy N’Djamena’s goals in its Integrated Country Strategy (ICS), completed in 2018, are to: • Enhance Chad’s ability to serve as a capable partner that contributes to regional stability and counters extremism and terrorism. • Strengthen democratic institutions and processes and promote governance and respect for human rights. • Address the basic human needs of the local population and refugees through economic development. In 2018, the U.S. Government provided $150 million in foreign assistance to Chad for development, humanitarian, security, and public diplomacy programs. Of this amount, the Department of State (Department) provided $2.8 million in bilateral foreign assistance for Chad. In FY 2019, Embassy N’Djamena was authorized 50 U.S. direct-hire employees, 7 eligible family members, and 577 locally employed (LE) staff members. The Department of Defense and U.S. Agency for International Development are represented at the embassy. The embassy is considered historically difficult to staff4 and suffered from extended staffing
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