DOCSLIB.ORG

Projects on the Move

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Projects on the Move COMMUNITY Free Software Projects PROJECTSAn up-to-date look at free software and its makers ON THE MOVE buildings, and creatures. The developers have managed to minimize the vector between the programming language and English, reducing the learning curve for programming newcomers. For example, the Worldforge Python dialect defines the behavior of a chicken like this: chicken_goals= [(il.avoid,"avoidU (['orc','wolf'],10.0)"), (il.avoid,"avoidU (['settler'],1.0)"), (il.flock,"flock()"), (il.peck,"peck()")] Create virtual 3D worlds with Worldforge, and launch Windows To play the game, users use their own choice of client to sign on to the World- programs with the Wine-derived ReactOS. forge server. Players are not restricted to the standard 3D that is so typical of this BY CARSTEN SCHNOBER AND MARTIN LOSCHWITZ kind of game. Besides the standard cli- ent, Sear, there are two-dimensional, and even text-based clients. All of these com- he preparations for GPLv3, the Online. Each player slips into the role of ponents can be downloaded from the first major change to the GNU a character who has to make his or her Worldforge homepage. TGeneral Public License since way through a computer-simulated Media sets organize the GUI-based 1991, have made good progress over the world (see Figure 1). The players are free view. They give creatures and buildings past few weeks. The core issues, such as to interact, although they do have to a visible texture and are exchangeable. how GPL handles software patents, keep to the rules for the virtual world. In theory, you really could design a wolf caused some discussion. And important A Worldforge server manages these in sheep’s clothing. The appearance has decisions remain in other core areas. In a worlds in a PostgreSQL database and no influence on the characteristics and posting to the debian-project mailing list parses the ruleset that governs the behavior of the object in question. The [1], Debian developer Florian Weimer behavior of the various entities: humans, new media server lets the client down- suggested that the Debian Project animals, and objects. Worldforge uses a load and integrate the media used by the become actively involved in discussions special Python dialect. The sample game server directly. focusing on the new license. And there world defines a village as follows: will be ample opportunity to do so, as Creating Your Own Worlds soon as the FSF throws its first draft into village=[('hall','location', U Worldforge lets you change almost any the ring for discussion. hall_xyz), elements. The main task facing the pro- ('butcher','location', U grammer is completing rulesets, graph- Worldforge butcher_stall_xyz), ics, sounds, and clients. The only fully- Worldforge [2] gives users a program- ('pig','location', U functional game, Acorn, is for demon- ming environment for creating fantastic pig_sty_xyz)] stration purposes. The aim of the game 3D worlds. You can use Worldforge to is trivial; players just have to feed a herd create online role-playing games similar The village object is just a holdall for of pigs and protect it against wolfs and to the popular commercial game, Ultima other objects that represent objects, zombies from the neighboring woods. 94 ISSUE 63 FEBRUARY 2006 WWW.LINUX- MAGAZINE.COM Free Software Projects COMMUNITY Figure 1: Creating virtual worlds in the Worldforge environment. Figure 2: ReactOS emulates a Windows system completely. If you are interested in contributing, version 0.9.1 and to release a beta ver- for the Debian-curiosa mailing list [7]. the excellent framework design will help sion of Wine for the first time. But the founding of the Nexanta project you get started. Check out the mailing [8] early in November changed this. The list and the project’s IRC server at irc. Emulator project aims to develop and distribute an worldforge. org for more details. The ReactOS [6] project (Figure 2), operating system based on the Solaris which was launched in 1998, has a dif- kernel but with the Debian userland. Windows to Freedom ferent approach. The developers have set This project was actually made possi- Although you probably prefer free soft- the goal of emulating Windows and all ble by none other than Sun. A few ware in general, and Linux in particular of its interfaces to allow any Windows months ago, the Solaris vendor intro- as an operating system, you may have program to run on ReactOS. duced Open Solaris, placing the source no alternative to the odd Windows pro- The free operating system is still miles code under a free license, accompanied gram from time to time. In fact, the mere away from binary compatibility. But the with the sincere hope that the FOSS existence of projects that aim to run recent 0.2.8 version was a big step, with scene would adopt the system and do Windows programs without a Windows the developers improving hardware sup- something wonderful with it. Jörg Schil- installation is evidence enough to sup- port for USB, SCSI, and network devices. ling, the author of cdrecord, and a prom- port this theory. Although the list of supported hard- inent Solaris fan of many years’ stand- The oldest of these projects is proba- ware and software on the ReactOS ing, released SchilliX not much later bly the non-emulator Wine [3]. The proj- homepage is currently very preliminary, (although the system is of more interest ect is now twelve years old, almost as the pre-alpha GUI is already starting to to developers right now). Nexanta aims old as Linux itself. The acronym stands look like Windows. The developers are to bring Debian GNU/ Solaris to the for “Wine Is Not An Emulator”: Wine not simply focusing on emulating Win- masses. I does not emulate the Windows environ- dows but also want to integrate useful ment but translates calls to the Windows features from free desktop environ- INFO API into their Linux counterparts. As ments, such as the ability to toggle [1] Message from Florian Weimer: always, success is a matter of the details. between multiple virtual desktops. http:// lists. debian. org/ debian-project/ Users can find it difficult to ascertain if The ReactOS homepage describes the 2005/ 11/ msg00035. html or how well a certain program should project mainly as an exercise in operat- [2] Worldforge: perform with Wine. And the Wine ing system programming, but the devel- http:// www. worldforge. org homepage has introduced a list to help opers would really like to achieve com- [3] Wine: http:// wine. sourceforge. net answer these users questions. patibility to Windows. The freely acces- The specialist commercial products sible source code lets developers track [4] Crossover Office: http:// www. Crossover Office [4] and Cedega [5] put down vulnerabilities, rather than expos- codeweavers. com/ products/ cxoffice Wine to more effective use to run Micro- ing users to the same issues that affect [5] Cedega: http:// www. cedega. com soft Office or Windows games on Linux. Windows. The completion of ReactOS, [6] ReactOS: http:// www. reactos. org The fact that these products really can however, is ultimately unachievable, as [7] Debian-Curiosa mailing list: help Linux users run selected Windows the Windows API itself is under continu- http:// lists. debian. org/ debian-curiosa/ applications shows that the Wine project ous development. [8] Nexanta project homepage: has turned out some useful fundamental http:// www. gnusolaris. org/ gswiki work. Debian GNU/ Solaris [9] Suggestions: The developers have now decided to At first glance, you might think that projects@linux-magazine. com bring the alpha phase to a close with Debian GNU/ Solaris would be an entry WWW.LINUX- MAGAZINE.COM ISSUE 63 FEBRUARY 2006 95.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Running Windows Programs on Ubuntu with Wine Wine Importer Shanna Korby, Fotolia
    KNoW-HoW Wine Running Windows programs on Ubuntu with Wine Wine importer Shanna Korby, Fotolia Korby, Shanna Users who move from Windows to Ubuntu often miss some of their favorite programs and games. Wouldn’t it be practical to run Windows applications on the free Ubuntu operating system? Time for a little taste of Wine. BY TIM SCHÜRMANN any Ubuntu migrants miss to develop something similar for Linux. Box or VMware, Wine does not emulate games and graphics programs A short while later, the first version of a whole PC and thus cannot be consid- Msuch as CorelDRAW or prod- Wine was released. Today, more than ered a real emulator. This also explains ucts such as Adobe Photoshop. The only 300 volunteer programmers from all over the name Wine, which means Wine Is solution is to install Windows parallel to the world continue to contribute to the Not an Emulator. Ubuntu – or try Wine, which tricks ap- Wine project. Because of the way Wine works, it of- plications into believing they are run- fers a number of advantages. Chiefly, ning on a Windows system. What’s in a Name? you do not need an expensive Windows The history of Wine goes back to the To run Windows programs on Ubuntu, license. Programs will run almost as fast year 1993. At the time, Sun developed a Wine uses a fairly complex trick: It sits as on the Redmond operating system, small tool to run Windows applications between the Windows application and and windows behave as if they belong on its own Solaris operating system, Ubuntu like a simultaneous interpreter.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtualgl / Turbovnc Survey Results Version 1, 3/17/2008 -- the Virtualgl Project
    VirtualGL / TurboVNC Survey Results Version 1, 3/17/2008 -- The VirtualGL Project This report and all associated illustrations are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Any works which contain material derived from this document must cite The VirtualGL Project as the source of the material and list the current URL for the VirtualGL web site. Between December, 2007 and March, 2008, a survey of the VirtualGL community was conducted to ascertain which features and platforms were of interest to current and future users of VirtualGL and TurboVNC. The larger purpose of this survey was to steer the future development of VirtualGL and TurboVNC based on user input. 1 Statistics 49 users responded to the survey, with 32 complete responses. When listing percentage breakdowns for each response to a question, this report computes the percentages relative to the total number of complete responses for that question. 2 Responses 2.1 Server Platform “Please select the server platform(s) that you currently use or plan to use with VirtualGL/TurboVNC” Platform Number of Respondees (%) Linux/x86 25 / 46 (54%) ● Enterprise Linux 3 (x86) 2 / 46 (4.3%) ● Enterprise Linux 4 (x86) 5 / 46 (11%) ● Enterprise Linux 5 (x86) 6 / 46 (13%) ● Fedora Core 4 (x86) 1 / 46 (2.2%) ● Fedora Core 7 (x86) 1 / 46 (2.2%) ● Fedora Core 8 (x86) 4 / 46 (8.7%) ● SuSE Linux Enterprise 9 (x86) 1 / 46 (2.2%) 1 Platform Number of Respondees (%) ● SuSE Linux Enterprise 10 (x86) 2 / 46 (4.3%) ● Ubuntu (x86) 7 / 46 (15%) ● Debian (x86) 5 / 46 (11%) ● Gentoo (x86) 1 /
    [Show full text]
  • MX-18.3 Users Manual
    MX-18.3 Users Manual v. 20190614 manual AT mxlinux DOT org Ctrl-F = Search this Manual Ctrl+Home = Return to top Table of Contents 1 Introduction................................................................................2 2 Installation..................................................................................8 3 Configuration...........................................................................37 4 Basic use..................................................................................93 5 Software Management...........................................................126 6 Advanced use.........................................................................141 7 Under the hood.......................................................................164 8 Glossary.................................................................................178 1 Introduction 1.1 About MX Linux MX Linux is a cooperative venture between the antiX and former MEPIS communities, using the best tools and talents from each distro and including work and ideas originally created by Warren Woodford. It is a midweight OS designed to combine an elegant and efficient desktop with simple configuration, high stability, solid performance and medium-sized footprint. Relying on the excellent upstream work by Linux and the open-source community, we deploy Xfce 4.12 as Desktop Environment on top of a Debian Stable base, drawing from the core antiX system. Ongoing backports and outside additions to our Repos serve to keep components current with developments.
    [Show full text]
  • MX-19.2 Users Manual
    MX-19.2 Users Manual v. 20200801 manual AT mxlinux DOT org Ctrl-F = Search this Manual Ctrl+Home = Return to top Table of Contents 1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................4 1.1 About MX Linux................................................................................................................4 1.2 About this Manual..............................................................................................................4 1.3 System requirements..........................................................................................................5 1.4 Support and EOL................................................................................................................6 1.5 Bugs, issues and requests...................................................................................................6 1.6 Migration............................................................................................................................7 1.7 Our positions......................................................................................................................8 1.8 Notes for Translators.............................................................................................................8 2 Installation...................................................................................................................................10 2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Index
    41_067232945x_index.qxd 10/5/07 1:09 PM Page 667 Index NUMBERS 3D video, 100-101 10BaseT Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Cards), 512 64-bit processors, 14 100BaseT Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Cards), 512 A A (Address) resource record, 555 AbiWord, 171-172 ac command, 414 ac patches, 498 access control, Apache web server file systems, 536 access times, disabling, 648 Accessibility module (GNOME), 116 ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface), 61-62 active content modules, dynamic website creation, 544 Add a New Local User screen, 44 add command (CVS), 583 address books, KAddressBook, 278 Administrator Mode button (KDE Control Center), 113 Adobe Reader, 133 AFPL Ghostscript, 123 41_067232945x_index.qxd 10/5/07 1:09 PM Page 668 668 aggregators aggregators, 309 antispam tools, 325 aKregator (Kontact), 336-337 KMail, 330-331 Blam!, 337 Procmail, 326, 329-330 Bloglines, 338 action line special characters, 328 Firefox web browser, 335 recipe flags, 326 Liferea, 337 special conditions, 327 Opera web browser, 335 antivirus tools, 331-332 RSSOwl, 338 AP (Access Points), wireless networks, 260, 514 aKregator webfeeder (Kontact), 278, 336-337 Apache web server, 529 album art, downloading to multimedia dynamic websites, creating players, 192 active content modules, 544 aliases, 79 CGI programming, 542-543 bash shell, 80 SSI, 543 CNAME (Canonical Name) resource file systems record, 555 access control, 536 local aliases, email server configuration, 325 authentication, 536-538 allow directive (Apache2/httpd.conf), 536 installing Almquist shells
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft Windows –História
    Microsoft Windows –História Bárbara Alves nº9 12ºB ÍNDICE Breve introdução Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows 10 Características técnicas Implementações alternativas ao Windows e suas APIs de programação o Wine o CrossOver o ReactOS o Cedega o Darwine I Breve introdução Microsoft Windows (ou simplesmente Windows) é uma família de sistemas operacionais desenvolvidos, comercializados e vendidos pela Microsoft. É constituída por várias famílias de sistemas operacionais, cada qual atendendo a um determinado setor da indústria da computação, sendo que o sistema geralmente é associado com a arquitetura IBM PC compatível. As famílias ativas do Windows incluem Windows NT, Windows Embedded e Windows Phone; estes podem abranger subfamílias, como Windows CE ou Windows Server. Entre as famílias Windows extintas estão o Windows 9x; o Windows 10 Mobile é um produto ativo, não relacionado à família defunta Windows Mobile. A Microsoft introduziu um ambiente operacional chamado Windows em 20 de novembro de 1985, como um shell para MS-DOS, em resposta ao crescente interesse em interfaces gráficas de usuário (GUIs). O Microsoft Windows passou a dominar o mercado de computadores pessoais (PC) do mundo, com mais de 90% de participação de mercado, superando o Mac OS, que havia sido introduzido em 1984. A Apple chegou a ver o Windows como uma invasão injusta em sua inovação no desenvolvimento de produtos GUI, como o Lisa e o Macintosh (eventualmente resolvido na Justiça em favor da Microsoft em 1993). Nos PCs, o Windows ainda é o sistema operacional mais popular. No entanto, em 2014, a Microsoft admitiu a perda da maioria do mercado global de sistemas operacionais do sistema operacional móvel Android, devido ao enorme crescimento nas vendas de smartphones.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu Unleashed 2015 Edition: Covering 14.10
    Matthew Helmke with Andrew Hudson and Paul Hudson Ubuntu UNLEASHED 2015 Edition 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA Ubuntu Unleashed 2015 Edition Editor-in-Chief Copyright © 2015 by Pearson Education, Inc. Mark Taub All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, record- Acquisitions Editor ing, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent liability is Debra Williams assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every Cauley precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for Managing Editor damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Kristy Hart ISBN-13: 978-0-672-33837-3 Project Editor ISBN-10: 0-672-33837-8 Andy Beaster Library of Congress Control Number: 2014946899 Printed in the United States of America Indexer First Printing November 2014 Cheryl Lenser Trademarks Proofreader All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have Sarah Kearns been appropriately capitalized. Sams Publishing cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity Technical Editors of any trademark or service mark. Micah Brown Elizabeth Krumbach Warning and Disclaimer Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as Editorial Assistant possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information provided is on an Kim Boedigheimer “as is” basis.
    [Show full text]
  • “Análisis Y Configuración De API's Para Ejecución De Aplicaciones
    ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITECNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE INFORMATICA Y ELECTRONICA ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA EN SISTEMAS “Análisis y Configuración de API’s para ejecución de Aplicaciones Microsoft Office en un entorno de Windows bajo Linux”. TESIS DE GRADO Previa la obtención del título de INGENIERO EN SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS Presentado por: SAMUEL CARRASCO LLERENA RIOBAMBA – ECUADOR 2008 - 2 - AGRADECIMIENTO Mi profundo y sincero agradecimiento a quienes han sido parte importante de mi vida académica: A Dios, Por su presencia en mi vida y por su guía en la realización de esta tesis. A mis padres, José y Teresita, Por su constante e incondicional apoyo, por sus fervientes oraciones en mi favor. A mis Asesores de Tesis, Ing. Danilo Pastor e Ing. Jorge Menéndez, Por su valioso e invaluable aporte al desarrollo de esta tesis. - 3 - Con amor incondicional, dedico esta tesis a las tres mujeres que con su existencia alegran mi corazón: AMBITAR TERESITA PRISCILA - 4 - FIRMAS DE RESPONSABILIDAD NOMBRE NOTA FIRMA Dr. Romeo Rodríguez DECANO FACULTAD INFORMATICA Y ELECTRONICA Ing. Iván Menes DIRECTOR ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA EN SISTEMAS Ing. Danilo Pástor DIRECT OR DE TESIS Ing. Jorge Menéndez V. MIEMBRO DE TESIS Tlgo. Carlos Rodríguez DIRECTOR CENTRO DE DOCUMENTACION Nota: - 5 - RESPONSABILIDAD DEL AUTOR Yo, Samuel Carrasco Llerena, soy responsable de las ideas, doctrinas y resultados expuestos en esta tesis; el Patrimonio intelectual de esta tesis de grado pertenece a la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. ____________________ Samuel Carrasco Ll.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ability to Fork a Program Is One of the Free Software
    WHEN PROJECTS SPLIT Fork it! Forks have created some of the best projects in Free Software, but their origins are usually controversial and messy. Mike Saunders investigates. magine you’ve been using a certain program for gather together some fellow hackers to begin work on years. You absolutely love it, and you can’t live an open source version of your beloved app – but it Iwithout it. You know every feature, menu item and could take years to reach the same level of functionality. keybinding like the back of your hand. Then suddenly the In other words, you’re stuck. development team announces a major change: they’re Fortunately, we users of free and open source redesigning the interface, or removing features to make software don’t have this problem. At any point we can the program more take a program’s source accessible to newcomers. code and split it off – or You’re incensed. You join “The ability to fork a program “fork” it – into another the hordes of angry users is one of the Free Software project. It happens all the on forums and IRC, and time, sometimes for good complain bitterly about the community’s great strengths.” reasons, and sometimes for program’s sudden change bad ones, but without of direction. You’re deeply disappointed, and while you question the ability to fork a program is one of the Free may be able to understand the argument from the Software community’s great strengths. developers’ perspective, it doesn’t stop the fact that the Many of the most popular and famous programs we program you use every day and may even depend on for use began as forks, often in controversial or unpleasant your livelihood is about to change drastically.
    [Show full text]
  • Contents [Edit] Total Cost of Ownership
    Comparisons between the Microsoft Windows and Linux computer operating systems are a long-running discussion topic within the personal computer industry.[citation needed] Throughout the entire period of the Windows 9x systems through the introduction of Windows 7, Windows has retained an extremely large retail sales majority among operating systems for personal desktop use, while Linux has sustained its status as the most prominent Free Software and Open Source operating system. Both operating systems are present on servers, embedded systems, mobile internet devices as well as supercomputers. Linux and Microsoft Windows differ in philosophy, cost, versatility and stability, with each seeking to improve in their perceived weaker areas. Comparisons of the two operating systems tend to reflect their origins, historic user bases and distribution models. Typical perceived weaknesses regularly cited have often included poor consumer familiarity with Linux, and Microsoft Windows' susceptibility to viruses and malware.[1][2] Contents [hide] 1 Total cost of ownership o 1.1 Real world experience 2 Market share 3 User interface 4 Installation and Live environments 5 Accessibility and usability 6 Stability 7 Performance 8 Support 9 Platform for third party applications o 9.1 Gaming 10 Software development 11 Security o 11.1 Threats and vulnerabilities o 11.2 Security features and architecture 12 Localization 13 See also 14 References 15 External links [edit] Total cost of ownership See also: Studies related to Microsoft In 2004, Microsoft
    [Show full text]
  • CYBERSECURITY When Will You Be Hacked?
    SUFFOLK ACADEMY OF LAW The Educational Arm of the Suffolk County Bar Association 560 Wheeler Road, Hauppauge, NY 11788 (631) 234-5588 CYBERSECURITY When Will You Be Hacked? FACULTY Victor John Yannacone, Jr., Esq. April 26, 2017 Suffolk County Bar Center, NY Cybersecurity Part I 12 May 2017 COURSE MATERIALS 1. A cybersecurity primer 3 – 1.1. Cybersecurity practices for law firms 5 – 1.2. Cybersecurity and the future of law firms 11 – 2. Information Security 14 – 2.1. An information security policy 33 – 2.2. Data Privacy & Cloud Computing 39 – 2.3. Encryption 47 – 3. Computer security 51 – 3.1. NIST Cybersecurity Framework 77 – 4. Cybersecurity chain of trust; third party vendors 113 – 5. Ransomware 117 – 5.1. Exploit kits 132 – 6. Botnets 137 – 7. BIOS 139 – 7.1. Universal Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) 154– 8. Operating Systems 172 – 8.1. Microsoft Windows 197 – 8.2. macOS 236– 8.3. Open source operating system comparison 263 – 9. Firmware 273 – 10. Endpoint Security Buyers Guide 278 – 11. Glossaries & Acronym Dictionaries 11.1. Common Computer Abbreviations 282 – 11.2. BABEL 285 – 11.3. Information Technology Acronymns 291 – 11.4. Glossary of Operating System Terms 372 – 2 Cyber Security Primer Network outages, hacking, computer viruses, and similar incidents affect our lives in ways that range from inconvenient to life-threatening. As the number of mobile users, digital applications, and data networks increase, so do the opportunities for exploitation. Cyber security, also referred to as information technology security, focuses on protecting computers, networks, programs, and data from unintended or unauthorized access, change, or destruction.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Source Vendors' Business Model
    Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Dissertations, No. 1438 Open Source Vendors’ Business Models Thomas Rosenfall April 2012 Department of Management and Engineering Linköpings universitet, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden © Thomas Rosenfall, 2012 ”Open Source Vendor’s Business Models” Linköping Studies in Science and Technology, Dissertations, No. 1438 ISBN: 978-91-7519-926-9 ISSN: 0345-7524 Printed by: LiU-Tryck, Linköping Distributed by: Linköping University Department of Management and Engineering SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Tel: +46 13 281000 2 Acknowledgements This thesis was a long time in coming. The author is graciously indebted to several individu- als and organizations for their support and contributions during the process. First, the work of my supervisor, Anna Öhrwall Rönnbäck, together with professor Staffan Brege, whom probably are the sole reason for the completion of this thesis. Without their support and advice, the author would have given up years ago. The author would also like to thank the case companies and their representatives that have shown patience over the years, with a special note to the new and former management of Cendio AB. Several other colleagues have been involved in the process and provided much support and insight, for which the author is grateful. A special “thank you” goes to Christina Grundström for the support and advice concerning as assistance supervisor. Additionally, the author gra- ciously would like to thank Mica Comstock for the outstanding proofreading. The research was funded by Lundbergstiftelserna in 2005 - 2008, while the final thesis was conducted as a part of the research project BOSSANOVA, financed by VINNOVA between 2008 and 2011.
    [Show full text]