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Third Consolidated Report October 1990

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Third Consolidated Report October 1990 THIRD CONSOLIDATED REPORT OCTOBER 1990 ACKU ·i~ru~~~~~Diliili!OI~IIrlill~~lir 3 ACKU 00000918 2 OPERATION SALAM THIRD CONSOLIDATED REPORT OCTOBER 1990 ACKU United Nations ..OJ>'o .. ,, ~~".J' Nations Unies TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD BY THE CO-ORDINATOR 5 PART 1: OVERVIEW Introduction 9 Status of Contributions . 14 UN Field Presence . 27 UN Volunteers Programme . 31 Inforn1ation System for Afghanistan . 32 PART II: SECTORAL ASSESSMENTS . 34 Population Movements . 35 Agriculture . 42 F()Ocl Aid . 49 Mine Clearance Progratnme . 54 Infrastructure . ACKU. 63 1-Iealth . 69 Disabled . 81 Culture . 83 Education and Training . 85 Disadvantaged Groups . 90 Logistics and Communications . 92 1 PART III: PROVINCIAL PROFILES . 97 Badakhshan . 99 Badghis .......................................... 103 Baghlan . 106 Balkh ............... .. .. ..................... 109 Bamyan .................... .. ........... ... .... 113 Farah ............. ... 0 •••••• 0 •••••••••• 0 • • • • • • • 117 Faryab .......................................... 120 Ghazni 123 Ghor 127 1-Ielmand ......................................... 131 1-Ierat . 134 J<)wzjan ............... .......................... 138 Kabul ............. ............................. 141 Kandahar . 145 Kapisa ............................. ............ 149 Kunar ........................................... 152 Ktinduz .................................... .... .. 156 l.Alghman . 159 wgar ......... ................................. 162 Nangarhar ........................................ 165 Nimroz 169 Paktia 172 Paktika 176 Parwan ACKU 179 Samangan 182 Takhar 185 Uruzgan 189 Wardak 192 Zabul 195 2 ANNEXES Annex I: List of Acronyms 197 Annex II: Programme and Role of the Coordinator .............. 201 Annex ITI: Guiding Principles of UN Assistance ................. 207 Annex IV: Terms of Reference of Salam Mobile Units .............. 209 Annex V: Compendium of Projects and Sub-Projects ............... 213 TABLES Table 1: Total Nun1ber of Projects and Sub-Projects by Status 11 Table 2: Total Budget of Projects and Sub-Projects by Status 11 Table 3: Contributions Pledged or Received ................... 14 Table 4: Earmarkings of Cash Contributions Received 15 Table 5: Estimated Direct Cash Contributions . 21 Table 6: Cash Contributions by Donor and Type . 22 Table 7: Transfers and Allocations to Agencies . 25 Table 8: Contributions In Kind . 26 Table 9: Inter-Agency MissionsACKU . 30 Table 10: Projects Supported by World Food Programme . 53 Table 11: Afghan Graduates of Demining Courses . 54 Table 12: Mine Awareness Programme . 60 Table 13: Health Workers and Facilities . 80 3 MAPS UN Presence in Afghanistan . 28 Provincial Map of Afghanistan . 96 Individual Provincial Maps: Badakhshan ...................................... 98 Badghis ......................................... 102 Baghlan ......................................... 105 Balkh ................................ ......... 108 Bamyan ......................................... 112 Farah .......................................... 116 Faryab ........................ ................ 119 Ghazni ................................ ........ 122 Ghor .......................................... 126 f-Ielmand ........................................ 130 Herat .......................................... 133 Jowzjan ......................................... 137 Kabul .......................................... 140 Kandahar ........................................ 144 Kapisa ......................................... 148 Kunar .......................................... 151 Kunduz ......................................... 155 l-aghman ........................................ 158 wgar .......................................... 161 Nangarhar ....................................... 164 Nimroz ......................................... 168 Paktia .......................................... 171 P<..tktika ...... ·.................. 0 ••••••••••••••••• 175 Parwan 178 Samangan 181 Takhar 184 Uruzgan ACKU 188 Wardak 191 Zabul 194 Note: The Boundaries shown on the maps tn this Report do not imply official endorsement by the United Nations. 4 FOREWORD BY THE CO-ORDINATOR Although Afghanistan remains divided and in some areas, armed conflict continues to loom large, the picture is quite different at the grass roots level in so far as humanitarian and economic assistance to the Afghan people is concerned. As the Third Consolidated Report demonstrates, it has been possible for the United Nations to considerably expand its aid activities throughout the country during the last year. At present, there are 473 projects and sub-projects funded by the United Nations of which 157 have been completed, 206 are under implementation and 110 are in the pipeline. A complete compendium of these activities is annexed to this Report. The two basic concepts on which the UN activities were based have stood the test of time: "humanitarian consensus" at the local level to ensure the successful impleme'ntation of projects and "humanitarian encirclement" of the country to facilitate the supply of aid commodities to all parts of Afghanistan in an efficient and cost­ effective manner. During the two years since Operation Salam was launched, the UN teams have travelled across the country, north, south, east and west, to establish contacts, to identify needs, to initiate aid activities and to monitor their results. In many provinces, the cooperation of non-governmental organizations has been an invaluable part of this process. ACKU While it may still be difficult for many to move between zones under different control, it has become almost a routine matter for the UN staff in many parts of the country. Thus what might be called "cross-line operations" within Afghanistan, as distinguished from cross-border operations, are expanding because they are increasingly understood and accepted by all concerned. 5 The UN contacts with Afghan leaders at the national and local level show that individually they agree with and support UN assistance activities. It is only when they have to collectively take a public stand that sometimes considerations extraneous to humanitarian concerns tend to prevail. It is clear that the need to help the needy is recognized by all Afghans irrespective of their affiliations. Although security risks continue to exist for those working in the field, the experience gained during the last two years points to a sustained support of the population to an expansion of the UN activities. It is sometimes asked in certain quarters as to why the UN activities are not adequately known to the public at large. This is so not only because the attention of the media and the world comrnunity is no longer as focused on Afghanistan as it used to be. It is also because the United Nations System itself chose to keep a low profile for practical reasons. The success of its projects in any part of the country is usually resented by rival forces, particularly if it is publicised. Only peace at the national level can resolve this dilemma. For those interested and concerned, this Third Consolidated Report is intended to fill the information gap. ACKUMore than its two predecessors, it contains details in terms of hard facts and figures. Admittedly, statistics do not 1nake an interesting newspaper story but they are of vi tal iinportance to those directly involved, especially Governments and the donor cornmunity to whom this Report is pri1narily addressed. It is increasingly being recognized that the economic and humanitarian activities of the United Nations are essential building blocks for peace. A solid base for such 6 activities upon which to build now exists. The 1nomentun1 must not be lost. The words of the Secretary-General, Javier Perez de Cue11ar, when he launched the original appeal for aid to Afghanistan are demonstrably even more apt today: "Despite the conflict, and in many ways because of it, a process of social and economic change is underway in Afghanistan that cannot be ignored in planning for recovery... In the midst of continued hostilities, it is vital that donors do not hold back; they must give the United Nations· System the means to drive in a humanitarian wedge for peace." Sadruddin Aga Khan ACKU 7 / _, ~ ~~' _d__ ______...... Numerous are the conditions which at first are hard, But are later relieved and lose their harshness. Hope does often come after hopelessness, Many a time doesACKU sunlight follow darkness. ,Jalaluddin Rurni 8 PART I: OVE~VIEW Introduction The Third Consolidated Report covers the second full year of the coordinated efforts of the United Nations System to provide humanitarian and economic assistance to the war-ravaged people of Afghanistan. It has been a period of optimism mingled with despair: optimism because despite the volatile situation, it has been possible for the United Nations to extensively implement aid projects in all parts of the country; despair because an overall settlement of the Afghan issue continues to be evasive. The Office of the Co-ordinator for l-Iumanitarian and Economic Assistance relating to Afghanistan (UNOCA) was established by the Secretary-General in 1988 following the Geneva Accords. The developments in the country since then have belied the optimism to which these Accords and the consequent withdrawal of foreign troops had given rise in many quarters. Throughout this period, the challenge facing UNOCA has been to rescue hope from a disn1al situation; to build humanitarian bridges between rivals; to coordinate UN efforts to bring
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