https://doi.org/10.11649/ch.2020.008 Colloquia Humanistica 9 (2020) Sephardim, Ashkenazim and Non-Jewish Peoples: Encounters Across Europe COLLOQUIA HUMANISTICA Maria Piekarska Faculty of “Artes Liberales” University of Warsaw Warsaw https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-9012
[email protected] “Instead of Tombstones – a Tree, a Garden, a Grove”: Early Israeli Forests as Environmental Memorials Abstract Te article adds a material-semiotic memory studies perspective to the discussion on the two largest aforestation projects of early Israeli statehood: Ya’ar HaMeginim (Defenders’ Forest) and Ya’ar HaKedoshim (Martyrs’ Forest). Considering the multiplicity of contexts related to mass tree planting practices conducted by the Jewish National Fund in Israel, the article analyses the two arboreal complexes as environmental memorials. As such, they are attributed with narrative agency that strongly associates the object of commemoration with socially constructed pastoral features of nature. Moreover, due to their organic substance, they hold afective and material capacities that signifcantly infuence the commemorative afer-efects. Te two Israeli mnemonic assemblages are examined, and conclusions are drawn on the possible outcomes of environmental memorials for collective memory processes. Keywords: memory studies, environmental memorial, forest, landscape, material-semiotic perspective, Zionism, Israel. Tis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 PL License (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/),