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Teen Driving Should States Impose Tougher Restrictions?

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Teen Driving Should States Impose Tougher Restrictions? Researcher Published by CQ Press, a division of Congressional Quarterly Inc. CQ thecqresearcher.com Teen Driving Should states impose tougher restrictions? ore teenage drivers are involved in car crashes every year — and more are killed — than any other age group. And the number of deaths is rising, even though overall fatalities Mof teen drivers and passengers have decreased substantially in the last 25 years. Still, some 6,000 teens die in accidents annually — more than 15 a day. Teens are the least likely age group to use seat belts and the most likely to drink and drive. Moreover, the presence of teenage passengers strongly increases the risk that a More than 3,600 teen drivers were killed in fatal teen driver will crash, as does driving at night or on weekends. accidents in the United States in 2003. Graduated driver licensing programs have helped bring down teen I crash statistics in many states, but safety experts and advocates say N more needs to be done, including imposing tougher limits on teen THIS REPORT S HE SSUES............................ driving. Some say driver education programs are ineffective; others T I 3 I BACKGROUND ....................10 argue that state laws need to be better enforced. Almost all agree, D CHRONOLOGY ....................11 however, that parents need to be more involved in training and E URRENT ITUATION ............ monitoring teenagers behind the wheel. C S 16 AT ISSUE ............................17 OUTLOOK ..........................19 The CQ Researcher • Jan. 7, 2005 • www.thecqresearcher.com Volume 15, Number 1 • Pages 1-24 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................21 RECIPIENT OF SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS AWARD FOR THE NEXT STEP ..................22 EXCELLENCE N AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION SILVER GAVEL AWARD TEEN DRIVING T H CQE Researcher Jan. 7, 2005 THE ISSUES Fatalities Caused by Young Volume 15, Number 1 6 Drivers • Is driver education Most victims are passengers MANAGING EDITOR: Thomas J. Colin 3 effective? and pedestrians. • Should more limits be ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITOR: Kathy Koch imposed on teen drivers? 8 Youths’ Alcohol-related ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Kenneth Jost • Should the driving age Crashes Declined The percentage of fatal STAFF WRITERS: Mary H. Cooper, be raised? crashes caused by drunken Peter Katel young drivers has dropped CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: Sarah Glazer, BACKGROUND by almost 50 percent. David Hatch, David Hosansky, Patrick Marshall, Tom Price, Jane Tanner The Teen Brain Vehicle Death Rate Highest DESIGN/PRODUCTION EDITOR: Olu B. Davis 10 Recent research indicates 9 for 18-Year-Olds that the decision-making Nineteen-year-olds had the ASSISTANT EDITOR: Kate Templin area of the brain is still second-highest rate. developing during the teen years. Chronology 11 Key events since 1924. Car Culture 14 Teen Drivers and Alcohol: Fast cars became symbols 12 A Deadly Mix of defiance in the 1950s. A Division of Alcohol is a factor in nearly Congressional Quarterly Inc. a third of all fatal crashes Teen Slaughter involving teen drivers. SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/GENERAL MANAGER: 15 Nearly 10,000 teens a John A. Jenkins year were dying on U.S. Some Cities Legalize Drag DIRECTOR, LIBRARY PUBLISHING: Kathryn C. Suárez highways in the 1970s. 14 Racing Officials have begun channel- DIRECTOR, EDITORIAL OPERATIONS: ing racers from city streets to Ann Davies controlled environments. CURRENT SITUATION CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY INC. Tougher GDLs? Did You Know . ? CHAIRMAN: Paul C. Tash 16 The risks of teen driving. 16 Safety advocates propose VICE CHAIRMAN: Andrew P. Corty tougher restrictions on At Issue PRESIDENT AND PUBLISHER: Robert W. Merry graduated driver licenses. 17 Are driver education courses for teenagers effective? Copyright © 2005 CQ Press, a division of Congres- sional Quarterly Inc. (CQ). CQ reserves all copyright OUTLOOK and other rights herein, unless previously specified FOR FURTHER RESEARCH in writing. No part of this publication may be re- The Marijuana Menace produced electronically or otherwise, without prior 19 Teens driving under the For More Information written permission. Unauthorized reproduction or influence of drugs may be 20 Organizations to contact. transmission of CQ copyrighted material is a violation the next obstacle to reduc- of federal law carrying civil fines of up to $100,000. ing teen accident rates. 21 Bibliography The CQ Researcher (ISSN 1056-2036) is printed on Selected sources used. acid-free paper. Published weekly, except March 25, July 1, July 8, Aug. 5, Aug. 12, Nov. 25, Dec. 23 and The Next Step SIDEBARS AND GRAPHICS 22 Dec. 30, by CQ Press, a division of Congressional Quar- Additional articles. terly Inc. Annual subscription rates for institutions start Most States Use Graduated at $625. For pricing, call 1-800-834-9020, ext. 1906. 4 Citing The CQ Researcher To purchase a CQ Researcher report in print or elec- Licenses 23 Sample bibliography formats. Programs grant driving privi- tronic format (PDF), visit www.cqpress.com or call leges to teens in stages. 866-427-7737. A single report is $10. Bulk purchase discounts and electronic-rights licensing are also avail- able. Periodicals postage paid at Washington, D.C., and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to The CQ Researcher, 1255 22nd St., N.W., Cover: About 3,600 teen drivers died in vehicle accidents in 2003 — about 10 youngsters a Suite 400, Washington, DC 20037. day. (AP Photo/Emilia Aigotti) 2 The CQ Researcher Teen Driving BY WILLIAM TRIPLETT in fatal crashes. About 6,000 teens died in automobile ac- THE ISSUES cidents in 2003, including olice estimated that 3,657 young drivers. 5 16-year-old Lauren Although those figures P Sausville was driving were down from the year be- nearly 60 miles per hour in fore — when 3,838 teen dri- a 35-mph zone in early De- vers were killed — the trend cember 2004 when her Ford over the last decade has been Explorer ran off the road. The upward. Since 1993, deaths junior at Fairfax High School of drivers 15-20 years old have in Virginia overcompensated increased 13 percent. 6 In- with a sharp turn that flipped deed, says Kristen Kreibich- the sport-utility vehicle Staruch, manager of safety (SUV) on its side, sending it programs and communica- careening into a car waiting tions at DaimlerChrysler Corp., at a stop sign. 1 “traffic crashes are the lead- That car belonged to the ing cause of death” for teens friend she had been follow- of driving age. According to ing, a 17-year-old boy who the Insurance Institute for police said was legally drunk. Highway Safety (IIHS), motor He was not hurt, but Lauren vehicle crashes account for was pronounced dead at the about 40 percent of adoles- scene. Earlier, police said, she cent fatalities. 7 had persuaded a stranger at AP Photo/Joe Cavaretta Moreover, teenage drivers a convenience store to buy Sean Larimer, 16, of Las Vegas — who killed his three are involved in more crashes best friends when he crashed while driving drunk — is two six-packs of beer for her comforted by his mother after a court hearing on Jan. 5, — fatal and non-fatal — than and her friends. 2004. He pleaded guilty to reckless and drunken driving any other age group. The Cen- Another recent SUV acci- and was sentenced to two years in a juvenile facility. ters for Disease Control and dent in Virginia involved seven Teen drivers are involved in more crashes than any Prevention (CDC) reports that members of the women’s crew other age group; deaths of drivers 15-20 years old in 2002 the motor vehicle death have increased 13 percent since 1993. team at T. C. Williams High rate for teens (drivers as well School in Alexandria. They as passengers) between ages were traveling on I-95 near Springfield Some had been drinking and driving; 15 and 19 was 27.6 deaths per 100,000 when the 17-year-old driver lost con- some made fatal rookie mistakes; and population compared to 17.8 for peo- trol of her Cadillac SUV and rolled. All some were just along for the ride. ple between 25 and 34 and 15.8 for survived except senior Laura Lynam. 2 Accidents involving teenagers are those between 35 and 44. 8 But no one survived when Weston disproportionately high throughout the Jeffrey W. Runge, a physician who Griggs, 17, drove his Volkswagen Jetta United States. Drivers between ages heads the National Highway Trans- 70 mph in a 40-mph zone in Wood- 15 and 20 make up about only 6.4 portation Safety Administration (NHTSA), bridge, Va., shortly before 4 a.m. one percent of the nation’s driving popu- has described teen driving deaths in the October morning. He lost control and lation, but for the last 10 years they United States as “an epidemic.” 9 smashed into a telephone pole — snap- have been involved in approximately Experts cite many reasons for the ping it into three pieces. Griggs and 14 percent of all fatal car crashes. 4 high toll. Driver education courses are both his passengers, young men 18 In 2003, nearly 7,900 teen drivers being offered in only about half the and 22, were killed. 3 were involved in fatal accidents in the nation’s public high schools, many dis- Those were just a few of the recent United States. Nearly half of them continued because of skyrocketing in- accidents in suburban Virginia involv- died, but most of the victims were surance costs. And even when cours- ing teenagers. In the last three months passengers, drivers or passengers of es are offered, they generally focus on of 2004, at least 17 youths died in other vehicles, or pedestrians. Anoth- helping students pass a driving test, not crashes in the Washington, D.C., area. er 308,000 teen drivers were injured teaching them to drive defensively and Available online: www.thecqresearcher.com Jan.
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