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Survey of Waldo County, Maine: Historical, Physical, Agricultural J The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Maine History Documents Special Collections 1873 Survey of Waldo County, Maine: Historical, Physical, Agricultural J. W. Lang Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainehistory Part of the History Commons Repository Citation Lang, J. W., "Survey of Waldo County, Maine: Historical, Physical, Agricultural" (1873). Maine History Documents. 24. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mainehistory/24 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Maine History Documents by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A SURVEY WALDO COUNTY, MAINE: Historical, Physical, Agricultural. BY J. W LANG, MEMBER OF THE MAINE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. AUGUSTA: SPRAGUE, OWEN & NASH, PRINTERS. 18 7 3. A SURVEY WALDO COUNTY, MAINE: Historical, Physical, Agricultural. BY J. W I^ANG, MEMBEB OF THE MAINE BOABD OF AGEICULTUBE. AUGUSTA: SPRAGUE, OWEN 4 NASH, PRINTERS. 1873. SURVEY OF WALDO COUNTY. PART FIRST HISTORICAL SKETCH. " A high country full of great woods," is the quaint description Martin Pring gave to the islands and shores of Penobscot Bay in 1603. He found good anchorage among these islands, and the best of fishing. Upon one of the islands they saw some foxes, and they gave the name "fox islands" to the whole group; which name they bear to this day. The cod and haddock they found abundant and esteemed them better than those taken at Newfoundland. They were particularly pleased " with the very goodlj- groves seen, and the sundry beasts they saw." Pring carried back with him, to Bristol, England, the port from whence he sailed, an Indian canoe, as a specimen of the aborigines' skill and ingenuity. Nit many Indians were seen; they were probably—as this was in the summer season—in the interior hunting. The aborigines of the Penobscot were the Tarratines, claiming dominion over the contiguous territory from its sources to the sea. Smith called what is now the Camden Heights, the " Penob­ scot mountains," and says that "they were the natural barriers and fortresses which separated them from their neighbors on the southwest." The Tarratines were one of the three tribes of the Etechemins, and were a numerous and warlike tribe. The other two tribes of Etechemins were Openangos (Quoddy Indians) and the Marachites, who inhabited what is now part of New Bruns­ wick and Nova Scotia. The Tarratines, (Penobscots) were more hardy and brave than their western neighbors, whom they often plundered and killed. They were less troubled by disease, or wasted in their possessions by the whites, and were more reluc­ tant to make war with the English than the other tribes of Maine. ' They were early supplied with fire-arms by the French, and found trade and traffic were more profitable and pleasant than war. Baron De Castine appeared among the Indians in 1667, and built a fort and trading post at Pentagoet, Penobscot, Major (6) Biguyduce, or what is now Castine. Here the English had a trading post as early as 1626, which the French plundered in 1632. About 1636, De Aulney, under authority of the French king, built a fort here, and firmly established himself, where he remained till his death in 1650. Castine rebuilt De Aulney's fort and buildings which had fallen into decay, and remained many years. The Indians became firmly attached to the French. "They lived with them as one family, inter-married, and made the Eng­ lish their common enemy." The French supplied them with powder and guns, and taught them their uses, and bought their furs. They made no effort to enlarge their settlements, while the English were pushing theirs with great vigor, which excited hatred in the breasts of the natives. The principal villages of the Tarratines were upon the Penob­ scot river near where Bangor now stands, and above. The Tarratines were neutral in the war of the Revolution, and for this Massachusetts protected them and took their lands only by fair, honorable purchase. Maine latterly has granted them annual aid and assistance. A remnant of the tribe once numerous and power­ ful, few and fast fading, yet exists at Oldtown. Once they roam' d these forests and hunted their game where fields now bear their annual harvest. These sons of the wildwood, stalwart and brave, this broad land their heritage, now dwindled to a weak, remnant band of hardly more than a score, owning but a small island amid the river which bears their name. The white man—the sou of progression—has proved his superiority, and behold the wondrous change ! Cities, villages, pleasant farms and homesteads, teeming with abundant products ; mills busy with industrious hum, varie­ gate the landscape White winged vessels dot the bay and river • the steimer plows grandly through its waves; the iron horse with rush and roar drags swiftly on its freight. All this meets the eye and delights the heart where once was but a "high country full of great woods and divers beasts seen." And all this accomplished in so brief a space compared with the history of European nations—a span in contrast. And the past is but a finger post on the road to future possibilities, to future attain­ ments and greatness. Weymouth discovered Penobscot bay and river in June, 1605 Leaving Pentacost harbor (George's Islands) on the llth of June he sailed northward by estimation, sixty miles. They came to anchor abreast the Penobscot Hills, (Camden Heights,) not far O) from land and ten of them went on shore to hunt. " The next day," says the record, " We went in our pinnance to that part of the river which inclines more to the westward." [Probably Bel­ fast Bay.] They were highly delighted with the views obtained at this season of the year, with this to them, novel scenery. The woods coming down to the water's edge, dark, green, and luxu­ riant; the silent stretches of placid water, calm as the forest lake, the blue summer sky of June overhead, the songs of many un­ known birds amid the branches, the waters teeming with fish, glassy and resplendant, wide and deep, it is no wonder they put on record: "Many who had been travellers in sundry countries, arid in most famous rivers of ye wourlde, affirmed them not comparable with this—the most beautiful, rich, large, secure harbouring river in ye wourlde affordeth." Such were the quaint sentiments and enthusiastic expressions excited by this discovery, and we do not wonder they took their departure reluctantly for St. Georges. Weymouth's intercourse with the natives was, at first, very friendly; but differences arose, and he has left an indelible blot upon hie fair fame by kidnapping five of them which he carried with him to England, three of which he delivered to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, Governor of Plymouth, who kept them in his family three years. This circumstance enlisted his sympathies strongly in the project to colonize the country of these Indians with English. In 1639 the PROVINCE OP MAINE was chartered to Sir Ferdinando Gorges. In 1652 the County of York was established, and em­ braced all the present State, or rather what was then settled with jurisdiction over the rest when settled. Massachusetts claimed the whole Province in 1672, and in 1677 purchased the interest of Gorges' heirs. In 1675 the Dutch captured the French garrison at Castine, and were in turn captured by the English. In 1696, Major Church made his third eastern expedition, and ascended the Penobscot. Thus previous to 1700, we find Penobscot Bay and vicinity had been visited by many, and was regarded as an important section. Among those mentioned, Pring visited it in 1603, De Monts in 1605, Weymouth in 1605, Capt. John Smith in 1614, De Aulney in 1636 to 1650, Castine in 1667 to 1675, Major Church, 1696. We come now to the era of settlements, and our notice of these must be brief for want of space. We shall attempt to give but a mere outline and regret we are unable to give more extended his­ torical notices for the reason mentioned. (8) S/ocfc/on—First settled in 1750 at Fort Point. The garrison was maintained here till the settlements no longer needed its protection. Fort demolished during the Revolution. Incorpo­ rated March 13, 1857—formerly part of Prospect. Population, 2,089; valuation, $800,220. Prospect—Named for its beautiful views. Incorporated Feb. 24th, 1794. Taken from Hancock and annexed to Waldo in 1827. Comprised Searsport and Stockton. Population, 886; valuation, $184,492. lslesboro'—Formerly called Long Island. Settlement began by William and Benjamin Thomas in 1769. It was incorporated Jan. 28th, 1789. It is ten miles long, and contains an area of 6,000 acres. Population, 1,232; valuation, $153,702. Its inhabitants are largely engaged in maritime pursuits. It was formerly largely engaged in fisheries. Belfast—Settled in 1770 by people from Londonderry, N. II., who named it in honor of their native town in Ireland. Incorpo­ rated June 22d, 1773. The British broke up the settlement in 1779, when they occupied Castine. Settlement reestablished in 1786. Invested by the British again in 1815. Parted with terri­ tory to half form Searsport, in 1845. Made a city in 1853. Pop­ ulation, 5,278; valuation, $2,660,879. Frankfort—Settled 1770 and was incorporated June 25th, 1789, embracing what is now Hampden, Prospect, Winterport and parts of Stockton, Searsport, and Belfast. It was 70th town incorpo­ rated. Population, 1,152 ; valuation, $220,645. Montuille—Settled in 1780 and incorporated the 163d town, Feb.
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