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DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE A STUDY ON CONTEMPORARY CINEMA AND HUMAN RIGHTS Jayadatta S1, Murthy B. Y2

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Jayadatta S, Krishna Murthy B. Y. “A Study on Contemporary and Human Rights”. Journal of Advances in Business Management; Vol. 1, Issue 3, July-September 2015; Page: 305-310, DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35

INTRODUCTION: is the larger film producer in world. It produces nearly 800-1000 films per year. Out of which regional language films also add their contribution to national and international scenario. is the name of cinema, Tollywood is of , Molly wood is of , Sandal wood is of Kannada cinema etc. Celebrated its 75th year in 2009 and moving towards century. Kannada has its own history from 1934 Saathi sulochana to Puttakkana Highway-2012 industry has seen many up and downs. It has its audience across all over the globe. Industry has the great talented directors, actors, novel writers like late Dr. Rajakumar and Mr. V. K. Murthy have been honored by prestigious Dada Saheb Palake awarded, the director like late Mr. , late Narayana Rao, Mr. , Late Mr. G. V. Iyer, Actor/director Jnanapeeta award Dr. , Late Shankarna, etc Have contributed their achievements and laid milestone in film industry. Master Kishan’s Care of Footpath and Film Shanthi received in the book of Gunnies Award. Observing the film trends from past 1934-2011 it can be conclude that the early film age was about theater oriented content, 1940-50 was on mythology and social oriented subjects, 50-60s were the devotional subjects, 60-70s were based on Kannada Unification stories, 70-80s were on aggressive and love stories, Women oriented majority based on Novels works.80-90s on mixed culture with crime stories, 90-2000 expose of half nudity and double meaning in dialogue and songs, 2001- 2011 half nudity, crime, violence, vulgarity themes. Films have influenced us either actively or passively, every year nearly 80-110 Kannada films have been released and it is been watched by all class. We see the reflection of the cinema on the society through the behavioral changes of individuals. It is important to study that what does today’s Kannada cinema content, and today’s target audience are only youths.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:  To identify the current trend in Kannada Cinema.  To examine the production taste of Kannada film in the decade.  To examine the present Kannada cinemas glorify violence, crime, vulgarity.

METHODOLOGY: The research study chose the cosmopolitans city in and survey method was selected for the responds to identify that, does present Kannada cinemas glorify violence, crime, vulgarity. The district was selected for the study and it was divided into two parts as Bangalore urban and Bangalore rural, Later 120 respondents were randomly selected from the film exhibition centers and questionnaires method was adopted to find out the result.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE: The much study has been not made on Kannada film history and trends by some of the books show the glimpse on the Industry. Kannada Cinema Itihasa, Kannada by (Gangadhar

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 305

DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE

Modilar), Kannada Sahithya Mattu Cinema, (Baragur Ramachandrappa), Show the travel road of 75th years of Kannada cinema industry.

Trends in Kannada Cinema:

Cinema Scene Literature and Dialogue Decade (Visual Representation) (Audio) Eye contact, facial expression , Shyness Indian well-mannered 1940-50 through body language, trend traditional language Teasing , Ragging, Anger -romance 1960-70 Novel language of Mysore trend Hating and Start to like each other Copy of western and mixer of 1970-80 (Love- crime) Indian Tight wares, showcase of body, kissing Western Erotic language 1980-90 scene, revenge of love, violent behavior comparison with products’ Love-Crime-Violence expose in male 1990-2000 Double meaning body Highly expose of male and female body Extremely Vulgarity 2000-2010 in songs/Scene ,Sex/Crime/Violence language Table 1

CBFC Categorized list of Kannada Feature films from 2001-2009.

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 U 96 98 81 52 55 63 63 106 56- U/A 17 41 43 31 37 24 32 61 31 A 25 17 7 8 6 10 34 24 13 Total 139 156 131 91 98 97 129 191 100 Table 2

Table representing the list of Number of respondents and percentage of Age. Does present Kannada cinemas glorify violence, crime, vulgarity?

Sl. No. Sex Total Number of Respondents %age 1 Male 80 66.67 2 Female 40 33.33 Total 120 100.00 Table 3

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 306

DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE

Sl. Age Yes No ’t Know Total No. group Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number 1 18-28 42 75.00 8 14.28 6 10.71 56(46.66) 2 29-39 21 75.00 4 14.28 3 10.71 28(23.33) 3 40-51 19 86.36 2 9.00 1 4.54 22(18.33) 4 52+ 11 78.57 1 7.14 2 14.28 14(11.66) Total 93 77.50 15 12.50 12 10.00 120(100.00) Table 4

Sl. Education Yes No Don’t Know Total No. Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number 1 SSLC 17 73.91 2 8.69 5 21.7 23(19.16) 2 PUC 33 67.34 4 8.16 12 24.49 49(40.83) 3 Diploma 21 70.00 5 16.66 4 13.33 30(25.00) 4 Degree+ 15 83.33 2 11.11 1 5.55 18(15.00) Total 86 11.94 13 3.61 22 6.11 120(100.00)

Table 5

Does present Kannada cinemas glorify violence, crime, vulgarity?

Sl. Income Yes No Don’t Know Total No. Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number 1 -10,000 38 66.66 12 21.05 7 12.28 57(47.50)

10,000- 21 63.64 7 12.21 5 15.12 33(27.50) 2 25,000

25,000- 23(19.16) 15 65.22 6 26.09 2 8.69 3 50,000

7(5.83) 50,000+ 5 71.43 1 14.28 1 14.28 4 Total 79 65.83 26 21.66 15 12.50 120(100.00)

Table 6

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 307

DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE

Sl. Professionals Yes No Don’t Know Total No. Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Artist/ 1 22 84.61 4 15.38 0 0.00 26(21.66) Technicians Producers/ 4 50.00 1 12.50 3 37.50 8(6.66) 2 Directors Distributors/

Theatre 13 5 25.00 2 10.00 3 65.00 20(16.66) Owners Scholars/ 66(55.00) 41 62.12 13 19.69 12 18.18 4 Audience Total 80 66.66 23 3.83 17 2.83 120(100.00) Table 7

GRAPH 2

Graph 2: shows that age group in Bangalore district, out of 120 respondent 56(46.66%) were of age group between 18-28, 28(23.33%) were of 29-30 age group, 22 were of 40-51age group,14 were of 52+age group. Out of which 18-28 respondents were selected more than 50% and the group between 40-51 (18.33%) said majority of films showcased violence.

GRAPH 3

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 308

DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE

Graph 3: shows the education group in Bangalore district, out of 120 respondents 23(19.16%) were of 10th class, 49(40.83%) were of 12th standard, 30(25%) were of Diploma students, 18(15.00%) were of Degree+ group. Out of which Diploma students said (70.00%) Kannada movies represent violence.

GRAPH 4

Graph 4: Shows the Profession of the respondents in Bangalore district, out of 120 respondents, Artist/Technicians were 22 (84.61 %), Producers/Directors were 4(50.00%) Distributors/Theatre Owners were 13(65.00%), Scholars/Audience 41(62.12), said Kannada movies represent violence.

GRAPH 5

Graph 5: Shows the Income of the respondents in Bangalore district, out of 120 respondent, 10,000 income holders were 38(66.66%) and 10,000-25,000 income holders were 21(63.64%) and 25,000- 50,000 income holders were 15(65.22%) and 50,000+ income holders were 5(71.43%) said Kannada movies represent violence.

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 309

DOI: 10.14260/jadbm/2015/35 EMPIRICAL ARTICLE

CONCLUSION: The Study found that today’s most of the Kannada films are targeted for youth’s audience and cinemas glorify violence, crime, vulgarity more over Kannada film industry is influenced by Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and movies to the great extent. The content of the Kannada films are been fallen down compare to past trends in moral values, Culture, traditional etc. Now the time is to rethink to boost the human values in cinema

REFERENCES: 1. Modilar Gangadhar, Kannada Cinema Itihasa, Kannada Pusthaka Pradikara, Bangalore, 1996. 2. Ramachandrappa Baragur, Kannada Sahithya Mattu Cinema, I & B, Bangalore, 1998. 3. Chakravathi. M. Framing the new wave, Suchitra Cinema and Cultural Academy, Bangalore, 2009. 4. Wright Basil, The Long View, An International History of cinema, Ranada Publication Limited, 1974. 5. Cinema 100, A festival of International Classics and outstanding Kannada films - a souvenir published on the occasion of celebration of the cinema century by Suchitra film Society, Bangalore, 1996. 6. Shankar. N. S, Maya bazar, Press Club Publication, Bangalore- 2005.

NAME ADDRESS EMAIL ID OF THE AUTHORS: CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: 1. Jayadatta S. Krishna Murthy B. Y, 2. Krishna Murthy B. Y. Faculty, Department of Folk Media & Communication, PARTICULARS OF CONTRIBUTORS: Karnataka Folklore University, Gotagodi, Karnataka. 1. Assistant Professor, Department of MBA, (Affiliated to VTU) Anjuman Institute of E-mail: [email protected] Tech. & Mgnt, Bhatkal, Karnataka. [email protected]

2. Faculty, Department of Folk Media & Date of Submission: 23/09/2015. Communication, Karnataka Folklore Date of Peer Review: 24/09/2015. University, Gotagodi. Date of Acceptance: 29/09/2015.

Date of Publishing: 30/09/2015.

J of Advances in Business Management /eISSN-2395-7441/pISSN-2395-7328/ Vol. 1/ Issue 3/ July-Sept. 2015 Page 310