DOCSLIB.ORG

Overview of Housing Situation in the Gaza Strip.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Overview of Housing Situation in the Gaza Strip.Pdf March 2013 Overview of the Housing Situation in the Gaza Strip March 2013 Researched and written by Sarah Ferris. This document has been produced with financial assistance from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and DFID - UK Department for International Development. In Gaza, the Norwegian Refugee Council leads the Shelter Sector, and members of the Shelter Sector contributed enormously to this report. The contents of the report are the sole responsibility of the Norwegian Refugee Council and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, DFID - UK Department for International Development or the Gaza Shelter Sector. The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) is an independent, international humanitarian non- governmental organisation that provides assistance, protection and durable solutions to refugees and internally displaced persons worldwide. For more information please contact the Shelter Sector Lead: [email protected] 2 Overview of the Housing Situation in the Gaza Strip Table of Contents Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Definitions ................................................................................................................................................... 7 Map of the Gaza Strip ................................................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 9 Summary of Recommendations .............................................................................................................. 11 Background ................................................................................................................................................ 13 Norwegian Refugee Council ...................................................................................................... 13 Purpose of the Report ................................................................................................................ 13 Context ......................................................................................................................................... 13 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Shelter in Gaza .......................................................................................................................................... 18 Housing Indicators ...................................................................................................................... 18 Housing Demand ...................................................................................................................................... 19 Population Density...................................................................................................................... 19 Overcrowding .............................................................................................................................. 20 NRC Focus Group Discussions .................................................................................. 20 Women’s Focus Group ................................................................................................ 21 Men’s Focus Group....................................................................................................... 23 Additional Overcrowding Information ...................................................................... 24 Displacement ............................................................................................................................... 28 Focus Group Discussions on Displacement ............................................................. 29 Refugee Status .............................................................................................................................. 31 Conflict-Damaged Housing Units ............................................................................................ 33 Unemployment & Poverty ......................................................................................................... 35 Substandard Housing Units ....................................................................................................... 36 Access Restricted Area ............................................................................................................... 36 Returnees ...................................................................................................................................... 38 Restrictions on the Import of Construction Materials from Israel ................................................... 40 List of Items Not Permitted (#1) ............................................................................................. 42 Expand the Inflow of Construction Materials for International Humanitarian Projects (#2) ................................................................................................................................................ 42 Expand Operations at Existing Land Crossings (#3) and Increase Capacity at Crossings and Open Additional Crossings (#4) ....................................................................................... 43 Permit entry and exit for humanitarian and medical reasons (#5) ...................................... 43 Inspection and Delivery of Goods bound for Gaza from Ashdod (#6) ............................ 44 Process for Import of Construction Material by International Agencies ........................... 44 3 Project approval from the Palestinian Authority (in Ramallah) for projects in Gaza ................................................................................................................................. 45 COGAT process for project approval ....................................................................... 45 Reporting ........................................................................................................................ 47 Tendering and procurement ........................................................................................ 48 CLA approval process................................................................................................... 49 Approval for changes, when necessary ...................................................................... 50 Cost of Imports ........................................................................................................................... 51 Changes in Israeli Import Restrictions ..................................................................................... 52 Materials Imported through Tunnels from Egypt ............................................................................... 55 Quality of Tunnel Materials ....................................................................................................... 56 Housing Supply ......................................................................................................................................... 58 Construction Boom .................................................................................................................... 58 Private Sector Housing ............................................................................................................... 60 Humanitarian Shelter Projects ................................................................................................... 63 Non-food item (NFI) distribution .............................................................................. 65 Housing Needs Assessments ....................................................................................... 65 Financial and cash assistance ....................................................................................... 65 Repair............................................................................................................................... 66 Reconstruction ............................................................................................................... 67 Resettlement ................................................................................................................... 67 Issues with Resettlement ........................................................................................................... 68 Self Help Approach .................................................................................................................... 73 A Leading Government Ministry .............................................................................................. 75 Other Factors Affecting the Housing Sector ........................................................................................ 76 Skilled Workforce ........................................................................................................................ 76 Land Issues ................................................................................................................................... 77 Increased Cost of Land ................................................................................................. 77 Evictions from State Land ........................................................................................... 77
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics of the Middle East and Their Impact on Israeli-Palestinian Peace Efforts
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Honors Theses Lee Honors College 4-25-2018 The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics of the Middle East and their Impact on Israeli-Palestinian Peace Efforts Daniel Bucksbaum Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses Part of the Comparative Politics Commons, International Relations Commons, and the Other Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Bucksbaum, Daniel, "The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics of the Middle East and their Impact on Israeli- Palestinian Peace Efforts" (2018). Honors Theses. 3009. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/honors_theses/3009 This Honors Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Lee Honors College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Changing Geopolitical Dynamics of the Middle East and their Impact on Israeli- Palestinian Peace Efforts By Daniel Bucksbaum A thesis submitted to the Lee Honors College Western Michigan University April 2018 Thesis Committee: Jim Butterfield, Ph.D., Chair Yuan-Kang Wang, Ph.D. Mustafa Mughazy, Ph.D. Bucksbaum 1 Table of Contents I. Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………3 II. Source Material……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 III. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 IV. Historical Context for the Two-State Solution………………………………………………………...6 a. Deeply Rooted and Ideological Claims to the Land……………………………………………….…..7 b. Legacy of the Oslo Accords……………………………………………………………………………………….9 c. Israeli Narrative: Why the Two-State Solution is Unfeasible……………………………………19 d. Palestinian Narrative: Why the Two-State Solution has become unattainable………..22 e. Drop in Support for the Two-State Solution; Negotiations entirely…………………………27 f.
    [Show full text]
  • Despite Pandemic, Israeli Forces Drop Herbicide on Gaza and Shoot at Fishermen
    Despite pandemic, Israeli forces drop herbicide on Gaza and shoot at fishermen NewsKate on April 11, 2020 0 Comments Gaza fish market. (Photo: Mohammed Assad) Gaza PCHR: In new Israeli violation, Israeli naval forces wound 2 fishermen in northern Gaza sea BEIT LAHIA 9 Apr — Israeli naval forces continue their attacks against Palestinian fishermen in the Gaza Sea preventing them from sailing and fishing freely, accessing the zones rich in fish, despite the fact that fishermen posed no threat to the lives of Israeli naval forces deployed in Gaza waters … According to the investigations of the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR), at approximately 07:50 on Thursday, 09 April 2020, Israeli gunboats stationed northwest of Beit Lahia in northern Gaza Strip chased Palestinian fishing boats sailing within the allowed fishing area (3 nautical miles) and opened fire at a fishing boat. As a result, two fishermen, Obai ‘Adel Mohamed Jarbou‘ (21) and Ahmed ‘Abed al-Fattah Ahmed al-Sharfi (23), were shot and injured with rubber-coated steel bullets. The young men, from al-Shati’ [‘Beach’] camp in Gaza City, were taken to the Indonesian Hospital, where their injuries were classified as minor. It should be noted that Israeli gunboats conduct daily chases of Palestinian fishermen in the Gaza Strip, and open fire at them in order to terrify them and prevent them from sailing and accessing the zones rich in fish. The latest Israeli naval forces’ attack was on Wednesday, 08 April 2020, as Israeli gunboats stationed northwest of Beit Lahia in northern Gaza Strip, chased Palestinian fishing boats sailing within the allowed fishing area (3 nautical miles) and opened fire at a fishing boat.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Groups
    1 Ron’s Web Site • North Shore Flashpoints • http://northshoreflashpoints.blogspot.com/ 2 Palestinian Groups • 1955-Egypt forms Fedayeem • Official detachment of armed infiltrators from Gaza National Guard • “Those who sacrifice themselves” • Recruited ex-Nazis for training • Fatah created in 1958 • Young Palestinians who had fled Gaza when Israel created • Core group came out of the Palestinian Students League at Cairo University that included Yasser Arafat (related to the Grand Mufti) • Ideology was that liberation of Palestine had to preceed Arab unity 3 Palestinian Groups • PLO created in 1964 by Arab League Summit with Ahmad Shuqueri as leader • Founder (George Habash) of Arab National Movement formed in 1960 forms • Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) in December of 1967 with Ahmad Jibril • Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation (PDFLP) for the Liberation of Democratic Palestine formed in early 1969 by Nayif Hawatmah 4 Palestinian Groups Fatah PFLP PDFLP Founder Arafat Habash Hawatmah Religion Sunni Christian Christian Philosophy Recovery of Palestine Radicalize Arab regimes Marxist Leninist Supporter All regimes Iraq Syria 5 Palestinian Leaders Ahmad Jibril George Habash Nayif Hawatmah 6 Mohammed Yasser Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa • 8/24/1929 - 11/11/2004 • Born in Cairo, Egypt • Father born in Gaza of an Egyptian mother • Mother from Jerusalem • Beaten by father for going into Jewish section of Cairo • Graduated from University of King Faud I (1944-1950) • Fought along side Muslim Brotherhood
    [Show full text]
  • The Palestinians: Overview, 2021 Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues
    Updated September 9, 2021 The Palestinians: Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues The Palestinians and their ongoing disputes and interactions million (roughly 44%) are refugees (registered in the West with Israel raise significant issues for U.S. policy (see “U.S. Bank, Gaza, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria) whose claims to Policy Issues and Aid” below). After a serious rupture in land in present-day Israel constitute a major issue of Israeli- U.S.-Palestinian relations during the Trump Administration, Palestinian dispute. The U.N. Relief and Works Agency for the Biden Administration has started reengaging with the Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is mandated Palestinian people and their leaders, and resuming some by the U.N. General Assembly to provide protection and economic development and humanitarian aid—with hopes essential services to these registered Palestinian refugees, of preserving the viability of a negotiated two-state including health care, education, and housing assistance. solution. In the aftermath of the May 2021 conflict International attention to the Palestinians’ situation involving Israel and Gaza, U.S. officials have announced additional aid (also see below) and other efforts to help with increased after Israel’s military gained control over the West Bank and Gaza in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. Direct recovery and engage with the West Bank-based Palestinian U.S. engagement with Palestinians in the West Bank and Authority (PA), but near-term prospects for diplomatic progress toward Israeli-Palestinian peace reportedly remain Gaza dates from the establishment of the PA in 1994. For the past several years, other regional political and security dim.
    [Show full text]
  • United Nations Forum on the Question of Palestine
    UNITED NATIONS FORUM ON THE QUESTION OF PALESTINE 70 Years after 1948 – Lessons to Achieve a Sustainable Peace 17 and 18 May 2018 Trusteeship Council Chamber, United Nations Headquarters, New York KEYNOTE PRESENTATION HANAN ASHRAWI Member of PLO Executive Committee Hanan Ashrawi is a Palestinian legislator, activist, and scholar. She is a member of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Executive Committee. Dr. Ashrawi served as a member of the Leadership Committee and as an official spokesperson of the Palestinian delegation to the Middle East peace process, beginning with the Madrid Peace Conference of 1991. She was elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council representing Jerusalem in 1996. She then headed the Legislative Reform Committee between 2000 and 2005. In 2006, she was again elected to the Palestinian Legislative Council representing the list called The Third Way. In 2009, she was elected as member of the Executive Committee of the PLO, making history as the first woman to hold a seat in the highest executive body in Palestine. As a civil society activist, Dr. Ashrawi has founded and headed many organizations and institutions such as the Independent Commission for Human Rights (ICHR), the Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy (MIFTAH) and the Coalition for Accountability and Integrity (AMAN). She has also won numerous prizes and medals, including the Sydney Peace Prize in 2003, the UNESCO’s Mahatma Gandhi Medal in 2005, and the French Commandeur de l’Ordre National du Mérite in 2016. She is the author of several books, articles, poems and short stories on Palestinian politics, culture and literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Struggles for Power and Unity: Constitutional Designs in the Palestinian Authority
    Struggles for Power and Unity Constitutional Designs in the Palestinian Authority Tonje Merete Viken MA-thesis in Middle Eastern and North-African Studies Spring 2008 Asian and African Studies program at the Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages Faculty of Humanities UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Acknowledgements I want to thank my supervisor Dag H. Tuastad at the University of Oslo for challenging and stimulating feedback, and for always making me think twice about what I was actually writing about. Thanks to Bahjat for his excellent work as my interpreter, and for his patience and creativity in dealing with Gaza traffic and the PLC bureaucracy. I would especially like to thank all my informants in Gaza and Ramallah who took time out from their busy schedules to meet with the student from Norway. I am amazed at their patience, and I sincerely hope that I have treated their confidence with fairness and respect. Thanks also to Muhammed and Gudrun for help and advice during my stay in Gaza. I am indebted to Hilde Katrine Haug for commenting on the thesis underway and for giving me constructive advice. Thanks to Cecilie Endresen for proof reading. I am also grateful to Kåre Vollan for answering questions and providing me with information that I would otherwise have been unable to obtain. I also want to thank my fellow students, Andrea Liven Rivrud and Thomas R. Berdal for good times and our discussions in Tel Aviv and over the phone during our respective field works. I am also grateful to Martin B. Holter, Hilde Lysengen Havro, Ingrid Baltzersen and Erik Bolstad for commenting, listening to countless monologues on the Basic Law, and for asking difficult questions.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatah Central Committee P R O F I L E S
    FATAH CENTRAL COMMITTEE P R O F I L E S All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. © 2015 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1828 L Street NW, Suite 1050 Washington, DC 20036 www.washingtoninstitute.org Cover: "Fatah Flag" by MrPenguin20—Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. Contents Introduction Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) Al-Tayyeb Abdul Rahim (Abu al-Tayyeb) Zakaria al-Agha (Abu Ammar) Azzam al-Ahmed Mahmoud al-Aloul (Abu Jihad) Marwan Barghouti Ahmad Sakhr Khlousi Basseiso (Sakhr Basseiso) Mohammad Dahlan (Abu Fadi) Hassan Ahmad Abu Einein (Sultan Abu Einein) Saeb Erekat (Abu Ali) Othman Abu Gharbieh Muhammad Ghneim (Abu Maher) Muhammad al-Madani Sharif Ali Meshaal (Abbas Zaki) (Abu Meshaal) Jamal Muhaisen Nasser al-Qudwa Jibril Rajoub (Abu Rami) Nabil Abu Rudeinah Nabil Shaath (Abu Rashid) Hussein al-Sheikh Mohammad Shtayyeh Tawfiq al-Tirawi (Abu Hussein) Salim Zanoun (Abu Adib) 3 Introduction The Fatah Central Committee, the party’s most senior institution, is responsible for developing and implementing its strategic vision and initiatives. The committee's members hold some of the most important and sensitive portfolios in Palestinian politics. At the time of the Central Committee's formation in 1963, two years before Fatah's official launch, it included only ten members.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Myths Debunked
    $12 SUMMER 2012 VOLUME 19, NUMBER 3 Palestinian Myths Phyllis Chesler and Nathan Bloom Debunked Hindu vs. Muslim Honor Killings Alex Joffe Ofra Bengio Iraq and Turkey as The Rhetoric of Nonsense Models for Arab Democracy? David Bukay Ilan Berman Usurping Jewish History Iran’s Beachhead in Latin America Shaul Bartal Bruce Maddy-Weitzman Denying a Jewish Jerusalem The Arab League’s New Relevance Havatzelet Yahel, Hilal Khashan Ruth Kark, and Lebanon’s Shiite-Maronite Seth J. Frantzman Alliance The Negev Bedouin Reviews by Are Not Indigenous Abrahms, Dann, Güçlü, Himelfarb, Luft, Malik, Michael, Phelps, Rubin and Schanzer • Operationally: The Forum exerts an active in- fluence through its projects, including Campus Watch, Islamist Watch, the Legal Project, and the Forum Washington Project. www.MEForum.org • Philanthropically: The Forum distributes $2 million annually through its Education Fund, help- The Middle East Forum works to define and promote ing researchers, writers, investigators, and activists American interests in the Middle East and to protect the around the world. Constitutional order from Middle Eastern threats. The Forum holds that the United States has vital interests in the The MEF is a publicly supported, nonprofit organiza- region; in particular, it believes in strong ties with Israel and tion under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. other democracies as they emerge. Contributions are tax deductible. For information about • Intellectually: Through the Middle East membership, please contact the Middle East Forum, 1500 Quarterly, staff writings, lectures, and conference Walnut Street, Suite 1050, Philadelphia, PA 19102, calls, the Forum provides context, insights, and E-mail: [email protected]; Tel.: (215) 546-5406; Fax: policy recommendations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Palestinians: Background and U.S. Relations
    The Palestinians: Background and U.S. Relations Updated March 18, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL34074 SUMMARY RL34074 The Palestinians: Background and U.S. March 18, 2021 Relations Jim Zanotti The Palestinians are an Arab people whose origins are in present-day Israel, the West Bank, and Specialist in Middle the Gaza Strip. Congress pays close attention—through legislation and oversight—to the ongoing Eastern Affairs conflict between the Palestinians and Israel. The current structure of Palestinian governing entities dates to 1994. In that year, Israel agreed with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) to permit a Palestinian Authority (PA) to exercise limited rule over Gaza and specified areas of the West Bank, subject to overarching Israeli military administration that dates back to the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. After the PA’s establishment, U.S. policy toward the Palestinians focused on encouraging a peaceful resolution to the Israeli- Palestinian conflict, countering Palestinian terrorist groups, and aiding Palestinian goals on governance and economic development. Since then, Congress has appropriated more than $5 billion in bilateral aid to the Palestinians, who rely heavily on external donor assistance. Conducting relations with the Palestinians has presented challenges for several Administrations and Congresses. The United States has historically sought to bolster PLO Chairman and PA President Mahmoud Abbas vis-à-vis Hamas (a U.S.- designated terrorist organization supported in part by Iran). Since 2007, Hamas has had de facto control within Gaza, making the security, political, and humanitarian situation there particularly fraught. The Abbas-led PA still exercises limited self-rule over specified areas of the West Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • 7295/02 CIREA 20 NOTE From
    COUNCIL OF Brussels, 22 March 2002 (17.04) THE EUROPEAN UNION (OR. nl) 7295/02 CIREA 20 NOTE from : Netherlands delegation to : CIREA Subject : Country report on Palestinians in Syria Delegations will find attached a report by the Netherlands delegation concerning the above subject 1. ________________________ 1 This document is being translated into English only. This document may be published. 7295/02 lin/LG/dot 1 DG H I EN Syria/Palestine: general situation report January 2002 7295/02 lin/LG/dot 2 DG H I EN Contents Page 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................4 2 Historical background .......................................................................................................5 3 Size of the Palestinian community...................................................................................10 4 UNRWA ...........................................................................................................................12 5 Political factors ................................................................................................................16 5.1 Integration ...................................................................................................................16 5.2 General Authority for Palestine Arab Refugees............................................................20 5.3 Nationality...................................................................................................................21
    [Show full text]
  • Military Intelligence from Libya and Terrorism. the „Oil“ Residency in The
    138 documents Military Intelligence from Libya and Terrorism THE “Oil” rESIDENCY IN THE MATERIALS OF THE MAIN MILITARY COUNTERINTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE PAVEL žÁČEK On the basis of an international treaty between the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, at the end of October and the beginning of November 1977, 625 Czechoslovak military experts arrived in Tripoli. Led by Brigadier General Juraj Lalo, they were meant to assist the Libyan armed forces improve their training and to improve the battle readiness of the air force, armoured forces, and artillery.1 The Czechoslovak “normalisation” regime had no excessive illusions about the nature of its north African partner. The only thing that perhaps united them both was their acute anti-Americanism or possibly their opposition to Israel. Besides ensuring the required inflow of foreign currencies with security forces – in a manner similar to their Soviet and East German counterparts – until the year 1989, they strived to take advantage of the relatively opportune political situation in their sphere of interest for the benefit of their power politics. The establishment of the “Oil” ar office in Libya on the basis of being intelligence tasks. lways be aware that residency named the resident for the ZS/GŠ ČSLA the main goal of your mission abroad is On 1 November 1977, by order of General residency in Tripoli, with the codename the fulfilment of agency tasks ensuing Martin Dzúr, the Federal Minister of Na- “Oil” (“Ropa”).2 from orders issued to you by
    [Show full text]
  • SWP-Webmonitor Nahost/Nordafrika Nr. 26/2021
    SWP-WebMonitor Nahost/Nordafrika Nr. 26/2021 SWP-Informationsservices Jürgen Rogalski, 21.04.2021 Der SWP-WebMonitor Nahost/Nordafrika ist ein unentgeltliches, kompaktes Informations- produkt mit ausgewählten Hinweisen auf aktuelle Stellungnahmen, Dokumente und Analy- sen zu allen (außen-) politisch relevanten Fragen und Entwicklungen der Region. Bei allen Titeln gibt es einen Link, meistens direkt zum Volltext. Grundlage der Erstellung ist ein über- wiegend festgelegtes Set an Quellen: Webseiten, Blogs, Zeitschriften etc. Der Auswahl-Fokus liegt neben Dokumenten auf wissenschaftlichen bzw. wissenschaftlich basierten Beiträgen. Neben Titeln mit konkretem Länder- bzw. Regionalbezug werden auch solche berücksichtigt, deren Thematik relevant ist für die Region. Der WebMonitor wird i.d.R. ein- bis zweimal wö- chentlich erstellt, nicht aber bei Abwesenheit des Bearbeiters. Inhaltsverzeichnis > Israel / Palästina > Israel / Palästina: Antisemitismus / BDS / "Israelkritik" > Palästina > Israel / Jordanien > Israel > Libanon > Syrien > Irak > Jordanien > Golfstaaten / GKR > Kuwait > Katar > VAE > Jemen > Rotes Meer > Oman > Saudi-Arabien > Saudi-Arabien / Iran > Iran > Ägypten > Ägypten / Nilanrainer > Libyen > Tunesien > Marokko > Marokko / Westsahara > EU - Mittelmeerraum / MENA-Region > USA - MENA-Region > USA: Menschenrechtspolitik (allg./global) > Russland - MENA-Region > VR China - MENA-Region > UN - Regionalorganisationen (allg./global) > UN - Peacekeeping (allg./global) > Menschenrechte (global) > Schutz von Zivilbevölkerung in bewaffneten
    [Show full text]