Die Vortragenden Speakers Die Vortragenden Speakers

Karl Aiginger career started in 1991 as a member of Karl Aiginger is research fellow for parliament and the spokesman on in- industrial economics and has been dustry (later also energy and the en- Director of the Austrian Institute of vironment) of the Austrian People’s Economic Research (WIFO) since Party (ÖVP). Since 1992 Martin 2005. He has been professor of eco- Bartenstein has been Deputy Chair- nomics at the University of Linz since man of the ÖVP in the province of 1992. He studied economics at the Styria. From 1994 to 1995, he was University of Vienna and received a State Secretary at the Federal Minis- doctoral degree in 1974 (habilitation: try for Public Economy and Trans- “Production Theory under Uncer- port. Martin Bartenstein was ap- tainty,” 1984). After joining WIFO pointed Federal Minister for the En- in 1970, Mr. Aiginger was Deputy vironment in May 1995, and Federal Director from 1984 to 1987. In addi- Minister for Environment, Youth and tion, he served as managing editor of Family Affairs in March 1996. In Feb- Empirica – Austrian Economic Pa- pers (1975–1992), as visiting profes- sor at Stanford University, CA, U.S.A. (1982), at the MIT in Boston, Mass., U.S.A. (1991) as well as at the Uni- versity of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), U.S.A. (1997). He was a member of the Supervising Board of the Austrian state holding company ÖIAG from 1993 to 2000, and re- turned to serve as Deputy Director of ruary 2000, he took office as Federal WIFO from 1996 to 1998 and from Minister of Economics and Labor. In 2002 to 2005. In 2002 he was profes- his function as Federal Minister for sor at the GSB and IIS, Stanford Uni- the Environment, Martin Bartenstein versity. His key areas of research are chaired numerous international con- the competitiveness of firms, indus- ferences, for example the 1995 con- tries and countries, industrial eco- ference on the Montreal Protocol nomics and industrial policy as well held in Vienna, during which the Pro- as economic strategy and policy. tocol was finally adopted. At the fol- lowing Climate Protection Confer- Martin Bartenstein ence held in Buenos Aires in 1998, In the course of his studies, Martin Mr. Bartenstein was the EU’s chief Bartenstein earned his Ph.D. in negotiator in his function as Council chemical sciences in 1978 at the Uni- president. Since 2002, he has co- versity of Graz. From 1978 to 1994 chaired the Investment Compact con- he held different executive positions ference initiated by the OECD within in the pharmaceutical industry, in- the framework of the Stability Pact cluding being the CEO – for several for Southeast Europe. He is a perma- years – in a family-owned group of nent member of the OECD Round- pharmaceutical companies based in table for Sustainable Development. Austria and Hungary. His political Since December 13, 2005, Martin

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Bartenstein has been vice chairman Josef Christl of the WTO Ministerial Conference. Josef Christl has been Executive From 1988 to 1992, Martin Barten- Director of the Oesterreichische Natio- stein was chairman of the Children’s nalbank (OeNB) since 2003. More- Cancer Aid of Styria and since 1993, over, he is Alternate Governor for the he has chaired the Austrian Children’s Republic of Austria to the Interna- Cancer Aid. tional Monetary Fund (IMF) and Member of the Supervisory Board of Markus Beyrer the Austrian Financial Market Author- Markus Beyrer studied law and com- ity (FMA). After two years of serv- mercial sciences at the University of ing as an economist at the Ministry Vienna and the Vienna University of of Social Affairs, he worked as assis- Economics and Business Administra- tant professor for economics at the tion; he was a successful candidate of Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS) the Concours at the European Com- in Vienna from 1980 to 1984. After mission and attended a postgraduate that, he was senior economist (1984– master course for European law 1993) and chief economist (1993– (Euro-Jus) at the Danube University 2001) with Creditanstalt-Bankverein. Krems. Markus Beyrer has been Sec- From 2001 to 2003 he served as chief retary General of the Federation of economic advisor to the Austrian Austrian Industry since August 2004. Minister of Finance. Since 1992, Josef He started his professional career in Christl has been professor at the 1992, serving as a member of the EU Vienna University of Economics and expert team (“EU cadet”) of the De- Business Administration. He holds a partment for European Integration doctoral degree in economics from and Trade Policy at the Austrian Fed- the University of Vienna. eral Economic Chamber. Then he became attaché for industrial and Christian de Boissieu commercial affairs at the Permanent Christian de Boissieu received his Representation of Austria to the Euro- Ph.D. in economics in 1973 (Univer- pean Union (1994–1996), expert for sity of ). He was post-doctoral European and international affairs in fellow at Northwestern University the Department for Environmental and Harvard University (1973–1974), Policy of the Austrian Federal Eco- and visiting scholar at the University nomic Chamber (1996–1999) and of Minnesota in 1978 and at the economic advisor to the Vice Chan- Board of Governors of the Federal cellor and Federal Minister for For- Reserve System (Washington D.C.) eign Affairs of the Republic of Austria in 1982. He is currently professor at (1999–2000). After having been se- the University of Paris-I (Panthéon- nior economic advisor to the Federal Sorbonne). From 1999 to 2004, he Chancellor from 2000 to 2002, he taught at the College of Europe in served as Director of the Economic Bruges. In his capacity as consultant Policy Department of the Austrian to the and to the Euro- Federal Economic Chamber (August pean Commission, he has been in 2002–2004). charge of a TACIS program mission in Russia on domestic arrears, mone-

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tary policy and banking regulation. struction and Development (EBRD). He is also economic advisor to the He regularly attended the European Paris Chamber of Commerce and In- Union’s meetings of economics and dustry, and member of the “Comité finance ministers and represented the des Etablissements de Crédit et des EU at the G-7 finance ministers’ Entreprises d’Investissement” (CECEI). meeting in Ottawa, Canada, in 2002, He is honorary president of the French when Spain held the EU presidency. Finance Association and of the He was also in charge of foreign trade “Société d’Economie Politique.” He relations for the government of Spain was also member of the advisory and represented Spain at the World board of J.P. Morgan () and is Trade Organization’s ministerial currently member of the advisory meetings in Seattle, U.S.A., in 1999, board of Ernst & Young (France). in Doha, Qatar, in 2001, and Can- Since January 2003, he has been cún, Mexico, in 2003. He was a chairman of the Conseil d’Analyse member of the Spanish parliament Economique attached to the French Prime Minister. He has published many books and articles in the field of monetary analysis and economic pol- icy. Christian de Boissieu is a regular columnist for , Le Monde, Investir, etc. He was also columnist for Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung from 1996 to 1999.

Rodrigo de Rato y Figaredo from 1982 to 2004. Rodrigo de Rato Rodrigo de Rato assumed office as earned a law degree from the Univer- Managing Director of the Interna- sidad Complutense in Madrid in 1971, tional Monetary Fund (IMF) on June and an MBA from the University of 7, 2004. This move followed his se- California at Berkeley in 1974. In lection by the Executive Board of the 2003, he earned a Ph.D. in econom- IMF, on May 4, 2004, to serve as ics from the Universidad Com- Managing Director and Chairman of plutense. the Executive Board. Prior to taking up his position at the IMF, Mr. de Wolfgang Duchatczek Rato was Vice President for Economic Wolfgang Duchatczek has been serv- Affairs and Minister of Economy for ing as Vice Governor of the Oester- the government of Spain, a post to reichische Nationalbank (OeNB) which he was appointed in May 1996. since 2003. He joined the OeNB in In his capacity as Minister of Econ- 1976, and the Office of the Governor omy, Mr. de Rato was also Governor in 1978. He was appointed Chief of for Spain on the Boards of Governors the Office of the Governor in 1982 of the IMF, the World Bank, the In- and Deputy Executive Director of ter-American Development Bank, the Foreign Research Department in the European Investment Bank (EIB) 1987. In addition, he served as and the European Bank for Recon- Representative of the OeNB on the

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EC Integration Committee of the lina, Chapel Hill, U.S.A. After serv- Austrian Federal Government. Mr. ing six years as an assistant professor Duchatczek was appointed Director at the University of Karlsruhe, Ger- of the Area International Relations of many, he started to lecture as a full the OeNB in 1992 and represented professor at the University of Cologne the OeNB during Austria’s EU acces- in 1974. In 1987 he was appointed sion negotiations. He was nominated Director of the Economics Seminar Chairman of the European Com- at the Faculty of Economics and So- mission’s Committee on Monetary, cial Sciences at the University of Co- Financial and Balance of Payments logne, a position he held until 1990. Statistics (CMFB) and served as the In 1977 he received a six-month ap- OeNB’s Second Alternate on the pointment from the Soviet Academy Committee of Alternates of the Euro- of Sciences for consulting and teach- pean Monetary Institute (EMI). In ing, mainly in Novosibirsk and Mos- 1997, he was appointed to the OeNB’s cow. He serves on the General Coun- Board of Executive Directors as Dep- cil of the Oesterreichische National- uty Chief Executive Director of the bank (OeNB) and on the Austrian Liquidity and Portfolio Management Government Debt Committee and is and Internal Services Department, managing editor of the “German Eco- and in 1998 he joined the OeNB’s nomic Review“ (GER) and associate Governing Board as Executive Direc- editor of “Empirical Economics.” His tor of the Money, Payment Systems main fields of interest are macroeco- and Information Technology Depart- nomic theory and policy, population ment. Mr. Duchatczek holds a doc- economy and population develop- torate in economics and social sci- ment. In addition to numerous other ences and has been awarded the publications, he is the co-author of Grand Decoration of Honor in Gold “Makroökonomik und Neue Makro- for Services to the Republic of Austria. ökonomik” (with St. Homburg), which has been the best-selling textbook on Bernhard Felderer the topic in Germany and Austria Bernhard Felderer has been Director since the mid-eighties and has been of the Institute for Advanced Studies translated into four other languages. (IHS) in Vienna, Austria, since 1991 and professor of economics at the Heiner Flassbeck University of Cologne, Germany, Heiner Flassbeck has been Chief of since 1995. He studied law and eco- the Macroeconomic and Develop- nomics at the University of Vienna, ment Policies Branch at UNCTAD where he received his doctoral degree (United Nations Conference on Trade in 1964. Following his studies in eco- and Development) in Geneva since nomics at the Faculté de Droit et Sci- January 2003 and Acting Director of ences Economiques of the University the Division on Globalization and of Paris, he worked for two years as a Development Strategies since August research assistant of Fritz Machlup 2003. In March 2005 he was ap- at Princeton University, New York; pointed honorary professor at the later he lectured as a visiting profes- Hamburg University for Economics sor at the University of North Caro- and Politics. During his professional

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career he held the following posi- the EBRD and Deputy Chair of the tions, among others: Senior Econo- Eurogroup. Karl-Heinz Grasser holds mist at UNCTAD (2000–2002); a master’s degree in applied business State Secretary (Vice Minister) at the administration. Federal Ministry of Finance, Bonn (1998–1999); Visiting Fellow at MIT, Robert Holzmann Cambridge, Mass. (1996); Economic Robert Holzmann has been Sector Advisor of the government of Kazak- Director of the Social Protection & stan (1993–1999); Head of the Busi- Labor Unit in the Human Develop- ness Cycles Department at the Ger- ment Network of the World Bank man Institute for Economic Research Group since May 1, 1997. From 1992 (1990–1998). Mr. Flassbeck earned a to 1997, Mr. Holzmann was manag- doctoral degree at the Free Univer- ing director of the European Institute sity of Berlin for a thesis on the topic and full professor for international of “Prices, interest and exchange rates economics and European economy, – On the theory of the open economy with flexible exchange rates.” Karl-Heinz Grasser Karl-Heinz Grasser has been serving as the Austrian Federal Minister of Finance since 2000; in addition, he serves as Austrian Governor at inter- national organizations such as the World Bank Group, the Asian Devel- opment Bank, the Inter-American both at the University of Saarbrucken Development Bank, the Inter-Ameri- (Germany). Prior to that, he was pro- can Investment Corporation, the Af- fessor of economics at the University rican Development Bank, the African of Vienna (Austria) and senior econo- Development Fund, the European mist at the International Monetary Bank for Reconstruction and Devel- Fund (IMF) in Washington, D.C., opment (EBRD) and the European and the OECD in Paris, where he Investment Bank (EIB). He was ap- worked on international public fi- pointed Second Deputy Governor of nance and social protection issues. He the Austrian province of Carinthia in was also visiting professor at various 1994. From 1998 to 2000 he was universities in Japan, Chile, and Aus- Vice President for Human Resources tria. Since 1992, Mr. Holzmann has and Public Relations with Magna served as editor of Empirica. Before Europe; he also served as Managing joining the Social Protection Unit, he Director of Sport Management Inter- frequently acted as consultant to the national (SMI), which belongs to the World Bank, the IMF, the European Magna Group, and up to the end of Commission, the International Labor 1999 he was also member of the man- Organization (ILO), the International aging board of the Sir Karl Popper Social Security Association, the Ger- Foundation. Since 2004, he has been man Technical Cooperation Agency Chair of the Board of Governors of (GTZ), and the Council of Europe.

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Mr. Holzmann holds a master’s de- since 1966; the last position he held gree in economics from the Univer- was that of an administrative officer. sity of Graz, a Diplôme d’Etudes in economics from the University of Otmar Issing Grenoble, and a Ph.D. from the Uni- Otmar Issing served as a member of versity of Vienna. His research and the Executive Board of the European operational involvement covers all Central Bank (ECB) since June 1, regions of the world, and he has pub- 1998. The business area for which he lished 24 books, including one with was responsible included the Direc- Joseph Stiglitz, and over 150 articles torates General Economics and Re- on social, fiscal and financial policy search. From May 1998 onward, he issues. was a Member of the Board of the Deutsche Bundesbank with a seat in Rudolf Hundstorfer the Central Bank Council. Prior to Rudolf Hundstorfer has been Acting that, he held chairs of economics at President of the Austrian Trade Union the Universities of Würzburg and Federation (ÖGB) since March 27, Erlangen-Nürnberg. In 1991, he was 2006. He was Vice President and awarded an honorary professorship member of the board of the ÖGB from the University of Würzburg. since October 17, 2003. Rudolf From 1988 to 1990, he was a mem- Hundstorfer held various offices in ber of the Council of Experts for the different bodies of the Austrian Social Assessment of Overall Economic De- Democratic Party (SPÖ) both at the velopments. He is an active member regional and the local level; until of the Academy of Sciences and Lit- March 27, 2006, he was chairman of erature in Mainz, Germany, and of the Vienna branch of the Social Dem- the Academia Scientiarum et Artium ocratic Trade Unionists (FSG). He is Europaea (European Academy of a member of both the Vienna provin- Sciences and Arts). In addition to cial diet and the municipal council, publishing numerous articles in scien- including the municipal council com- tific journals and periodicals, he is mittees on health and hospital ser- the author of two textbooks (inter vices and on financial and economic alia), namely “Einführung in die affairs. Since March 1995, he has Geldtheorie” (Introduction to mone- been chairman of the Vienna munici- tary theory), thirteenth edition, pal council. From 1987 to 1999, Ru- 2003, and “Einführung in die Geld- dolf Hundstorfer was senior officer of politik” (Introduction to monetary the Union of Municipal Employees policy), sixth edition, 1996. (GdG). In 1999, he became chairman of the Viennese chapter of the GdG Malcolm D. Knight and deputy chairman of the GdG; Malcolm D. Knight has been General from October 2001 onward, he Manager and Chief Executive Officer served as executive chairman of the of the Bank for International Settle- GdG at the federal level and from ments since April 1, 2003. From May 2003, he has been chairman of 1999 to 2003, Mr. Knight was Senior the GdG. Mr. Hundstorfer has been Deputy Governor of the Bank of Can- employed by the Vienna Municipality ada. He was Bank of Canada’s chief

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operating officer and a member of the Chamber of Labor (BAK) at the Aus- Board of Directors. From 1975 to trian Permanent Representation to 1999, Mr. Knight was with the Inter- the EU. Maria Kubitschek received national Monetary Fund (IMF), a degree in economic and social where he held senior positions in both sciences from the University of research and operations. While at the Vienna in 1987. IMF, he was also an adjunct professor at the Johns Hopkins University Christoph Leitl School of Advanced International Christoph Leitl has been President of Studies and the Virginia Polytechnic the Austrian Federal Economic Institute and State University. From Chamber (WKÖ) since 2000. Addi- 1971 to 1975, he taught at the Uni- tionally he has been serving as Presi- versity of Toronto and the London dent of the Austrian Business Federa- School of Economics and Political tion (Österreichischer Wirtschafts- Science. Mr. Knight holds an Honour bund) since 1999 and as President of B.A. in political science and econom- the European Business Federation ics from the University of Toronto, since 2005. He started his profes- and M.Sc. (economy) and Ph.D. de- sional career as Managing Director of grees from the London School of Eco- the brickworks Bauhütte Leitl-Werke nomics and Political Science. He has and held this post from 1977 to 1990. published widely in the fields of mac- In his political career, he has been roeconomics, international finance Deputy Chairman of the Upper Aus- and banking. Mr. Knight is a trustee trian People’s Party since 1990 and of the International Accounting Stan- member of the Federal Executive dards Committee Foundation and of Committee of the Austrian People’s the Per Jacobsson Foundation. He is Party (ÖVP) since 2000. From 1995 a member of the Financial Stability to 2000, he served as Deputy Gover- Forum and of the Board of Patrons nor and Treasurer of the province of of the European Association for Bank- Upper Austria and as a member of the ing and Financial History. Committee of the Regions (COM). At the Austrian Federal Economic Maria Kubitschek Chamber, Mr. Leitl was a member of Maria Kubitschek has been Head of the Executive Committee of the Aus- the Economic Policy Department of trian Association for Building Materi- the Vienna Chamber of Labor since als and Ceramic Industry from 1980 1998 and member of the management to 1990. After serving as President of team of the Chamber of Labor in the Association of European Cham- charge of economic policy since 2001. bers of Commerce and Industry From 2000 to 2002, she was member (EUROCHAMBRES) from 2002 to of the Austrian parliament (National- 2005, he was appointed Honorary rat). After joining the Economic Pol- President of EUROCHAMBRES in icy Department of the Vienna Cham- 2006. Mr. Leitl holds a Ph.D. in eco- ber of Labor in 1988, she was ap- nomics from Johannes Kepler Uni- pointed Head of the Foreign Trade & versity Linz. Integration Department and, in this capacity, represented the Federal

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Klaus Liebscher 1968 to 1975; from 1975 to April Klaus Liebscher is presently serving 1991, he was Secretary General of as Governor of the Oesterreichische the Austrian Business Federation, a Nationalbank (OeNB). Moreover, suborganisation of the Austrian Peo- since the foundation of the European ple’s Party. On April 24, 1989, Mr. Central Bank (ECB) in June 1998 he Schüssel became Minister for Eco- has been an independent member of nomic Affairs in the coalition govern- both the ECB Governing Council and ment formed by the Austrian Social the ECB General Council. He also Democratic Party (SPÖ) and the Aus- represents the OeNB at the Bank for trian People’s Party under Chancellor International Settlements Governors’ Franz Vranitzky. At the ÖVP’s 30th Meeting and is Austria’s Governor to Party Congress on April 22, 1995, the International Monetary Fund Wolfgang Schüssel was elected na- (IMF). Before joining the OeNB on tional leader of the ÖVP. On May 4, June 1, 1995 and presiding the Gen- 1995, he was sworn in as Vice Chan- cellor and Federal Minister for For- eign Affairs in Franz Vranitzky’s fourth government. He held the same posts in Chancellor Vranitzky’s fifth government. In Chancellor Klima’s first government, from January 28, 1997, to February 4, 2000, Mr. Schüssel again served as Vice Chan- cellor and Federal Minister for For- eign Affairs. On February 4, 2000, eral Council of the Bank as its Presi- Wolfgang Schüssel was sworn in as dent until August 31, 1998, he started Federal Chancellor. On February 28, his career at Raiffeisen Zentralbank 2003, he was sworn in as Federal Österreich AG in 1968, where he was Chancellor again. a member of the Executive Board as from 1980 and Chief Executive Offi- Dennis J. Snower cer and Chairman of the Board from Dennis J. Snower has been both 1988 to 1995. He served as President professor of economics at Christian- of the Vienna Stock Exchange Coun- Albrechts-University, Kiel, and Pres- cil from 1990 to 1995 and on the su- ident at The Kiel Institute for the pervisory boards of several banks and World Economy since 2004. From other corporations in Austria and 1989 to 2004 he was professor of eco- abroad. Mr. Liebscher earned his law nomics at Birkbeck College, Univer- degree (Dr. iur.) from the University sity of London. During that time he of Vienna. was also Chairman of the Depart- ment of Economics at Birkbeck Col- Wolfgang Schüssel lege (1992–1994). Additionally, he Wolfgang Schüssel received a doctor- served as program director at the ate in law in 1968. He was secretary Centre for Economic Policy Research of the parliamentary group of the (CEPR), London, from 1991 to 1999 Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP) from and at IZA, Bonn, from 1999 to

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2004. Mr. Snower started his profes- Director of the Center for the Evolu- sional career as teaching assistant at tion of the Global Economy at the Princeton University (1974–1975). University of California, Davis, as After that, he worked as assistant Research Associate of the National professor both at the University of Bureau of Economic Research Maryland (1975–1979) and at the In- (NBER), and as Research Fellow of stitute for Advanced Studies (IHS), the Center for Economic Policy Re- Vienna (1979–1981). Then he served search (CEPR). In 2004 he was Gug- as lecturer (1980–1983) and reader genheim Fellow, a noted academic at Birkbeck College, University of honor in the United States. Mr. Tay- London, (1983–1988). Mr. Snower lor holds a B.A. in mathematics from holds a B.A. from New College, Ox- King’s College, Cambridge, and a ford University, an M.A. and a Ph.D. Ph.D. in economics from Harvard from Princeton University. University. His research focuses on international finance/macroeconom- Alan M. Taylor ics, international trade, economic Alan M. Taylor has been professor of history and economic growth. He has economics at the University of Cali- written approximately 50 academic fornia, Davis, since 1999; moreover, publications, including two books since 2001, he has been Chancellor’s (one on global capital markets, one Fellow, which is a campus-wide dis- on Argentina), organized six aca- tinction and research grant awarded demic conferences and edited five to about five or six faculty members books. õ each year. He is currently serving as

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