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Vowi-Tagung 2002 1..311 vowi-tagung_2002 umschlag 14.10.2002 13:46 Uhr Seite 1 √ √ √ Oesterreichische Nationalbank Oesterreichische Nationalbank 30. Volkswirtschaftliche Tagung 2002 30th Economics Conference 2002 Wettbewerb der Regionen und Integration in der WWU Competition of Regions and Integration in EMU Economics Conference 2002 Conference Economics th 30. Volkswirtschaftliche Tagung 2002/30 Tagung 30. Volkswirtschaftliche Inhalt Contents Klaus Liebscher Wettbewerb der Regionen und Integration in der WWU — Ero‹ffnungsrede 5 Wol f g a n g S c h u‹ ssel Ero‹ffnungsrede 9 Klaus Liebscher Conference Opening (continued) 17 Heinrich Neisser Institutional Arrangements of the European Union — Scenarios for the Future 23 Willem F. Duisenberg The Euro as a Catalyst for Integration and Competition in EMU 35 Anthony M. Santomero The U.S. Experience with a Federal Central Bank System 47 Tagungsblock 1: Institutionelle Strukturen auf regionaler Ebene Session 1: Regional Institutional Structures Tito Boeri Does Europe Need a Harmonised Social Policy? 55 Fritz Breuss Comments on Tito Boeri, Does Europe Need a Harmonised Social Policy?Ó 67 Hans-Werner Sinn The New Systems Competition 77 Gareth D. Myles Comments on Hans-Werner Sinn, The New Systems Competition 93 Tagungsblock 2: Podiumsdiskussion Finanzpolitik: Spielraum fu‹r regionale Finanzinstitutionen? Session 2: Financial Policy Panel: The Scope for Regional Financial Institutions Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell Introductory Remarks 104 Dirk Bruneel The International Strategy of Dexia 106 Reinhard Ortner Erste Bank Group in Central Europe — The Background of an Austrian Success Story 115 Albrecht Schmidt Comments for the Panel Discussion on the Scope for Regional Financial Institutions 125 Axel A. Weber Comments for the Panel Discussion on the Scope for Regional Financial Institutions 129 Tagungsblock 3: Die Rolle der nationalen Zentralbanken im Europa‹ischen System der Zentralbanken Session 3: The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks Klaus Liebscher The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks — Introductory Statement 135 Jean-Claude Trichet The Eurosystem: The European Monetary Team 139 David G. Mayes Comments on the Theme The Eurosystem: The European Monetary Team 151 Richard Portes Comments on Jean-Claude Trichet: The Eurosystem: The European Monetary Team 159 2 Inhalt Contents Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks — Introductory Statement 165 Arnout H. E. M. Wellink The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks: The Example of De Nederlandsche Bank 169 Peter Bofinger Comments on Arnout H. E. M. Wellink, The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks: The Example of De Nederlandsche Bank 189 Paul De Grauwe Comments on Arnout H. E. M. Wellink, The Role of National Central Banks Within the European System of Central Banks: The Example of De Nederlandsche Bank 197 Tagungsblock 4: Regionale Finanzstrukturen Session 4: Regional Financial Structures Christian de Boissieu The European Industry and the Organization of Banking Supervision in Europe 205 Urs W. Birchler Comments on Christian de Boissieu, The European Industry and the Organization of Banking Supervision in Europe 219 Olivier Lefebvre Regional Stock Exchanges — Is There a Future? 225 Stefan K. Zapotocky The Challenges and Chances of Regional Exchanges 235 Tagungsblock 5: Podiumsdiskussion: Regionale Wirtschaftsstrukturen — Wie viel Divergenz ist tragbar? Session 5: Panel: Regional Economic Structures — How Much Divergence Is Sustainable? Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell Introduction 250 Alexander Italianer, Oliver Dieckmann Are Divergent Macroeconomic Performances in a Monetary Union a Reason to Worry? 252 Richard Portes Comments on Alexander Italianer and Oliver Dieckmann, Are Divergent Macroeconomic Performances in a Monetary Union a Reason to Worry?Ó 269 Sinikka Salo Regional Policies and Differences in Economic Structures 272 Gerhard Schwo‹ diauer Ought We to Worry About Regional Divergence in the European Monetary Union? 276 Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell Concluding Remarks 287 Franz-Weninger-Stipendien Franz Weninger Award 293 Die Vortragenden Speakers 295 × 3 Klaus Liebscher Klaus Liebscher Gouverneur, Oesterreichische Nationalbank Wettbewerb der Regionen und Integration in der WWU Ero‹ffnungsrede Die Volkswirtschaftliche Tagung findet heuer bereits zum 30. Mal statt; mit diesem bemerkenswerten Jubila‹um nimmt die Oesterreichische National- bank (OeNB) mit Sicherheit eine au§erordentliche Stellung unter jenen nationalen Zentralbanken ein, die der- artige Veranstaltungen organisieren, und es ist auch ein geeigneter Anlass fu‹r einen kurzen Blick in die Ver- gangenheit. Im Mai 1973 kamen 17 OeNB-Mit- arbeiter und acht geladene Ga‹ste in der Krainerhu‹tte inder Na‹hevon Badenbei Wien zur ersten Volkswirtschaftlichen Tagung der OeNB zusammen. Auf Initiative und unter dem Vorsitz des damaligen OeNB-Generaldirektors Heinz Kienzl setzte man sich mit dem damals wie heute sehr aktuellen Thema der ªMo‹glichkeiten und Gren- zen der Stabilisierungspolitik aus- einander. Redner aus Deutschland, Schweden und Ungarn gaben schon der ersten Volkswirtschaftlichen Ta- gung eine internationale Dimension. Ab 1975 wurden die Beitra‹ge in Form von Konferenzba‹nden der O‹ ffentlich- keit zuga‹nglich gemacht. Klaus Liebscher Lassen Sie mich nun einen gro§en schaftspolitischen Relevanz der Bei- SprungvondiesererstenKonferenzzur tra‹ge und in der sta‹ndig steigenden 10. Volkswirtschaftlichen Tagung der Teilnehmerzahl — in diesem Jahr darf OeNB tun, die im Zeichen von ªFor- ich mehr als 350 Ga‹ste hier begru‹§en schung und Wirtschaftswachstum — unter ihnen Repra‹sentanten der Poli- stand. Auch hier wurde, so scheint mir, tik, der Wirtschaft, in- und ausla‹ndi- das Thema treffsicher gewa‹hlt, stellt es scher Banken, der Wissenschaft eben- doch nach wie vor eine zentrale Frage falls des In- und Auslandes, diplomati- der Wirtschaftspolitik sowohl in scher Vertretungen und, was mich be- Europa als auch in O‹ sterreich dar. sonders freut, auch eine gro§e Anzahl Dasselbe gilt auch fu‹r die 20. Volks- von Gouverneuren und Mitarbeitern wirtschaftliche Tagung der OeNB befreundeter Zentralbanken — sie alle im Jahr 1992. Sie war der ªZukunft seien herzlich willkommen gehei§en. Das 30-ja‹hrige Bestehen der Volks- wirtschaftlichen Tagung spiegelt auch drei Jahr- zehnte erfolgreiche o‹ sterreichische Wa‹hrungspolitik in der Post-Bretton- regionaler Finanzma‹rkte in einem inte- Woods-A‹ ra wider. Wie Sie wissen, grierten Europa gewidmet. verfolgte die OeNB wie die Zentral- Wenn Sie einen Blick auf das dies- banken anderer kleiner, offener Volks- ja‹hrigeProgrammwerfen,sosehenSie, wirtschaften niemals ein System frei dass auch diese Frage nichts an Aktua- schwankender Wechselkurse. Die lita‹t verloren hat. Die Tatsache, dass Hartwa‹hrungspolitik, wie die o‹ster- viele der bei unseren Volkswirtschaft- reichische Wa‹hrungspolitik ab den lichen Tagungen aufgegriffenen The- spa‹ten Siebzigerjahren bezeichnet men uns auch heute — Jahre oder sogar wurde, war der o‹sterreichischen Jahrzehnte spa‹ter — noch bewegen, Wirtschaft, im Nachhinein betrach- ko‹nnte einerseits auf den bemerkens- tet, von gro§em Nutzen. Wa‹hrend werten Weitblick der Organisatoren die Anbindung an eine andere Wa‹h- zuru‹ckgefu‹hrt werden. Andererseits rung chon per definitionem impli- kann man wohl auch argumentieren, ziert, dass sich die Zentralbank mit dass wir immer wieder gefordert sind, ihren Gescha‹ften und Analysen neue Antworten, neue Lo‹sungen, auf sehr stark international orientiert, noch nicht bewa‹ltigte Aufgaben und erhielt diese Internationalisierung ab Themenstellungen zu finden. den fru‹hen Neunzigerjahren insbeson- Welche Antwort nun auch immer dere mit O‹ sterreichs Beitritt zur Euro- zutreffen mag, unsere Tagung hat sich pa‹ischen Union, dem Start der Wirt- im Lauf der Jahrzehnte ausgezeichnet schafts- und Wa‹hrungsunion und entwickelt und profiliert. Dies zeigt der Osto‹ffnung neue Impulse. Ich sich auch, so meine ich, in der Liste bin u‹berzeugt, dass die weitere Ent- der hervorragenden Redner, die wir wicklung der EU, des Euroraums heuer willkommen hei§en du‹rfen so- und Europas als Ganzen auch weiter- wie in der hohen Qualita‹t und wirt- hin die Zukunft O‹ sterreichs und 6 Klaus Liebscher der OeNB wesentlich mitbestimmen Schu‹ssel, bei unserer Konferenz be- wird. gru‹§en zu du‹rfen. Natu‹rlich ko‹nnte diese Konferenz Da Bundeskanzler Schu‹ssel im An- nicht ohne die Beitra‹ge einer Reihe schluss anderen terminlichen Ver- au§erordentlicher Redner stattfinden. pflichtungen nachkommen muss, Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, ich mo‹chte ich an dieser Stelle meine freue mich — und es ist mir eine gro§e Begru‹§ung unterbrechen und den Ehre—denBundeskanzlerderRepublik Herrn Bundeskanzler ans Rednerpult O‹ sterreich, Herrn Dr. Wolfgang bitten. § × 7 Wolfgang Schu‹ ssel Wolfgang Schu‹ ssel Bundeskanzler der Republik O‹ sterreich Ero‹ffnungsrede Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren! Ich darf Sie sehr herzlich in Wien will- kommen hei§en. Es freut mich be- sonders, den Pra‹sidenten der Europa‹i- schen Zentralbank Wim Duisenberg zu begru‹§en undichmo‹chte diesen Anlass nutzen, um meinen tiefen Respekt vor der Arbeit dieser wichtigen Institution auszudru‹cken. Im Namen aller O‹ ster- reicher und O‹ sterreicherinnen danke ich Wim Duisenberg fu‹r sein Engage- ment fu‹r die europa‹ische Wa‹hrungs- politik, das von Feinfu‹hligkeit und gro§em
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