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2018 the Distribution of Quantifiers in Old and Modern Word Order Change Edited by ANA MARIA MARTINS and ADRIANA CARDOSO 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OXDP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © editorial matter and organization Ana Maria Martins and Adriana Cardoso © the chapters their several authors The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in Impression: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press Madison Avenue, New York, NY , United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: ISBN –––– Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CRYY Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work. Contents Series preface vii List o f figures and tables viii List of abbreviations x Notes on contributors XX 1. Word order change from a diachronic generative syntax perspective 1 Ana Maria Martins and Adriana Cardoso Part I. Targets for movement: Changes in the functional architecture o f the clause 2. Configurational change in Indo-European coordinate constructions 19 Moreno Mitrovic 3. Discontinuous noun phrases and remnant-internal relativization in the diachrony of Portuguese 45 Adriana Cardoso 4. The relative cycle in Hungarian declaratives 68 Julia Bacskai-Atkari 5. Word order change at the left periphery of the Hungarian noun phrase 88 Barbara Egedi Part II. Triggers for movement: Changes in nature or stability 6. Particle-verb order in Old Hungarian and complex predicates 107 Veronika Hegedus 7. An effect of residual T-to-C movement in varieties of English 123 Judy B. Bernstein 8. Word order and information structure in the Wurzburg Glosses 143 Cara M. DiGirolamo Part III. Verb movement into the left peripheries 9. Subject inversion in transitive sentences from Classical to Modern European Portuguese: A corpus-based study 163 Charlotte Galves and Alba Gibrail 10. Analyticization and the syntax of the synthetic residue 179 Chris H. Reintges and Sonia Cyrino vi Contents 1 1. Loss o f Zafett-support in embedded infinitivals in fifteenth-century Low Saxon 202 Gertjan Postma 12. The distribution of quantifiers in Old and Modern Italian: Everything or nothing 221 Jacopo Garzonio and Cecilia Poletto Part IV. Types of movement and its constraints: Word order change in Latin 13. The decline of Latin VOAux: Neg-incorporation and syntactic reanalysis 243 Lieven Danckaert 14. On the decline of edge-fronting from Latin to Romance 264 Adam Ledgeway References 279 Index of names 307 Index of languages 3 11 Index o f subjects 313 List of abbreviations 0 a head-level category 0 an intermediate-level category (within X-bar theory) ^ a movement triggering feature * an asterisk marks an ungrammatical sentence & Coordination (head) &P Coordination Phrase μ coordinating functional head √ Root √P Root Phrase [ε] a [EPP]-like feature, which, unlike [EPP], attracts and induces movement of the closest and the smallest syntactic object, a terminal/ head [Æε] a notation that refers to whether a particle is a Wackernagel element, requiring second-position ([+ε]), or not ([Àε]) [F]/+F/ÀF Focus feature; diacritic used to mark focused elements φ-features person-number features [+N] nominal feature Xmin a minimal syntactic category 0 X π a phasal head XπP a phasal complement ∅ empty / empty category 0 a notation for phonological silence first person second person third person BoTU Die Boǧazköy Texte im Umschrift (see end of Chapter ) A-movement argument(al) movement A0-movement non-argument(al) movement ABL Ablative ABS Absolutive ACC/Acc Accusative AcI Accusativus cum Infinitivus ACT Active AD Anno Domino ADE Adessive List of abbreviations xi Adv Adverb Aen. Aeneid (see end of Chapter ) AGR Agreement AGRC Agreement in complementizer AgrOP Object Agreement Phrase AgrSP Subject Agreement Phrase AGRT Agreement in tense Alb Albanian ALL Allative Anecd. Anecdota from Irish Manuscripts (see end of Chapter ) AOR Aorist ARG Argument Asp Aspect AspP Aspect/Aspectual Phrase Aux Auxiliary AuxNegSOV Auxiliary-Negation-Subject-Object-Verb order AuxSO-Neg-V Auxiliary-Subject-Object-Negation-Verb order AuxSOV Auxiliary-Subject-Object-Verb order AuxVP Auxiliary-Verbal Phrase order b. born BC Before Christ BCE Before the Common/Current Era BHR Biberauer, Holmberg, and Roberts () BP Bhāgavatapurāṇa (see end of Chapter ) c. century C Complementizer c-command constituent command C-NSR Nuclear Stress Rule (sensitive to asymmetric c-command) c-selection category selection ca. circa CA. Codex Argenteus (see end of Chapter ) Jn. John Mk. Mark Mt. Matthew Caes. Caesar B. C. De Bello Ciuili Gal. De Bello Gallico Cal. Calabrian (dialects of extreme south of Italy) Cat. Catalan xii List of abbreviations CCC CompertCon Culainn (see end of Chapter ) CE Common/Current Era Celtib. Celtiberian CEP Contemporary European Portuguese Cic. Cicero Att. Epistulae ad Atticum Cat. In Catilinam De Or. De oratore Diu. De diuinatione Fam. Epistulae ad familiares Nat. D. De natura deorum Phil. Orationes Philippicae Off. De officiis Or. De oratore prou. cons. De prouinciis consularibus Rab. Perd. Pro Rabirio Perduellionis Reo S. Rosc. Pro Sexto Roscio Amerino Sen. De senectute CIL Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum CIL2 Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, nd edition CL Clitic Class Classifier ClassP Classifier Phrase ClP Classical Portuguese CLuw Cuneiform Luwian CM. Codex Marianus (see end of Chapter ) Jn. John Mt. Matthew COM Comitative COMP Comparative / Complementizer Comp Complementizer COND Conditional CONJ Conjunction COP Copula CP Complementizer Phrase / the set of functional projections of the CP field CRH Constant Rate Hypothesis (CS)OVAux Complementizer-Subject-Object-Verb-Auxiliary order D Determiner DAT Dative List of abbreviations xiii DEF Definite DEL Delative DEM/Dem Demonstrative DemP Demonstrative Phrase DEON Deontic DEP Dependent DET/Det Determiner DIM Diminutive DIR Directional Dist Distributive quantifier DistP Distributive-quantifier phrase DL Dual DP Determiner Phrase DSL Dictionary of the Scots Language E/CSR Emphatic/Contrastive Stress Rule E-language External language EA External Argument ECM Exceptional Case Marking EL Elative EMP Emphatic Particle EP Extended Projection / European Portuguese EPP Extended Projection Principle ESP Earlier stages of Portuguese EXT External F Feminine / unspecified functional head / Focus feature Fin Finiteness FinP Finiteness Phrase Foc Focus FocP Focus Phrase FOFC Final-over-Final-Constraint ForceP Force Phrase FP unspecified functional projection FPR Focus Prominence Rule Fr. French FR Fiore di rettorica (see end of Chapter ) FUT Future Gai. Gaius Inst. Institutiones Gaul. Gaulish xiv List of abbreviations GEN Genitive Goth. Gothic Gr. Greek Hist. Aug. Historia Augusta Hit. Hittite HMC Head Movement Constraint Hom. Homer Il. Iliad HPP Head Preference Principle I-language Internal-language IA Internal Argument IE Indo-European IIr. Indo-Iranian Il. Iliad (see end of Chapter ) ILL Illative IMP Imperative IMPERF Imperfect IMPERS Impersonal clitic se IMPF Imperfect IND Indicative INDEF Indefinite INE Inessive INF/inf Infinitive INST/INSTR Instrumental INT/Int Interrogative int. al. inter alia INT.ARG Internal Argument IO Indirect Object IP Inflection Phrase / the set of functional projections of the IP field IpI Imperativus pro Infinitivo IS Information Structure It. Italian IV Infinitival verb-second IX ninth class J Junction (head) JP Junction Phrase Kal. Kalauz (see end of Chapter ) KUB Keilschrifturkunden aus Boǧazköy (see end of Chapter ) Lat. Latin List of abbreviations xv LBC Left Branch Condition LCA Linear Correspondence Axiom Lex Lexical lh The Irish prefaces from the Liber Hymnorum (in POMIC) LMP Late Merge Principle LOC Locative M Masculine MAND Morphological Atlas of the Dutch Dialects (MAND) Mart. Martial (Epigrammata) Mbh Mahābhārata (see end of Chapter ) MID Middle Ml Milan Glosses Mod Modal ModP Modal Phrase MS. Manuscript Myc. Mycenaean N Noun / Neuter n-word negative word NAI Negative Auxiliary Inversion NEG/Neg Negation / Negative Particle Neg-SOVAux Negation-Subject-Object-Verb-Auxiliary order NegP Negation Phrase NOM Nominative Nov. Il Novellino (see end of Chapter ) NP Noun Phrase NREL Negative Relative Particle NSR Nuclear Stress Rule NumP Number Phrase O/OBJ Object OBL Oblique OCS Old Church Slavonic OI Old Italian OIr. Old Irish OP Old Portuguese Op Operator Or. De Oratore (see end of Chapter ) OSV Object-Subject-Verb order OV Object-Verb order Ov. Ovid xvi List of abbreviations Met. Metamorphoses OVI Opera del Vocabolario Italiano OVNegAux Object-Verb-Negation-Auxiliary
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