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~.. r---'-------------- : KASMERA: Vol.. 9, No. 1 4,1981 Zulla. Maracaibo. Venezuela. PROTOZOOS DE VENEZUELA Carlos Diaz Ungrla· Tratamos con este trabajo de ofrecer una puesta al día de los protozoos estudiados en nuestro país. Con ello damos un anticipo de lo que será nuestra próxima obra, en la cual, además de actualizar los problemas taxonómicos, pensamos hacer énfasis en la ultraestructura, cuyo cono cimiento es básico hoy día para manejar los protozoos, comQ animales unicelulares que son. Igualmente tratamos de difundir en nuestro medio la clasificación ac tual, que difiere tanto de la que se sigue estudiando. y por último, tratamos de reunir en un solo trabajo toda la infor mación bibliográfica venezolana, ya que es sabido que nuestros autores se ven precisados a publicar en revistas foráneas, y esto se ha acentuado en los últimos diez (10) años. En nuestro trabajo presentaremos primero la lista alfabética de los protozoos venezolanos, después ofreceremos su clasificación, para terminar por distribuirlos de acuerdo a sus hospedadores . • Profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo-Venezuela. -147 Con la esperanza de que nuestro trabajo sea útil anuestros colegas. En Maracaibo, abril de mil novecientos ochenta. 1 LISTA ALF ABETICA DE LOS PROTOZOOS DE VENEZUELA Babesia (Babesia) bigemina, Smith y Kilbome, 1893. Seflalada en Bos taurus por Zieman (1902). Deutsch. Med. Wochens., 20 y 21. Babesia (Babesia) caballi Nuttall y Stricldand. 1910. En Equus cabal/uso Gallo y Vogelsang (1051). Rev. Med.Vet. y Par~. 10 (1-4); 3. Babesia (Babesia) canis. Piana y Galli Valerio, 1895. En Canis ¡ami/iaris. -
Redalyc.MECANISMOS DE SALIDA DE PARÁSITOS
Acta Biológica Colombiana ISSN: 0120-548X [email protected] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Colombia QUINTANA, MARÍA DEL PILAR; LEÓN, SONIA; FORERO, MARÍA ELISA; CAMACHO, MARCELA MECANISMOS DE SALIDA DE PARÁSITOS INTRACELULARES DE SU CÉLULA HOSPEDERA Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 15, núm. 3, 2010, pp. 19-31 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Bogotá, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=319027886002 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Acta biol. Colomb., Vol. 15 N.º 3, 2010 19 - 32 MECANISMOS DE SALIDA DE PARÁSITOS INTRACELULARES DE SU CÉLULA HOSPEDERA Exit Mechanisms of Intracellular Parasites from their Host Cells MARÍA DEL PILAR QUINTANA1,2, M.Sc; SONIA LEÓN2,3, MARÍA ELISA FORERO2, M.Sc; MARCELA CAMACHO2,3, M.D., Ph. D. 1Maestría de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 45 # 26-85, Bogotá, Colombia. 2Laboratorio de Biofísica, Centro Internacional de Física, Bogotá, Colombia. 3Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 45 # 26-85, Bogotá, Colombia. Presentado 25 de junio de 2010, aceptado 2 de agosto de 2010, correcciones 10 de octubre de 2010. RESUMEN Algunos parásitos intracelulares durante la infección en hospederos vertebrados se localizan al interior de sus células hospederas en un compartimiento intracelular rodeado por membrana denominado vacuola parasitófora. Para el sostenimiento e incremento de las infecciones causadas por estos parásitos es necesario que se dé un evento de liberación/salida de las formas infectivas, para que estas reinicien la infección en nuevas células. -
An Abstract of the Thesis Of
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Sarah A. Maxfield-Taylor for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology presented on March 26, 2014. Title: Natural Enemies of Native Bumble Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Western Oregon Abstract approved: _____________________________________________ Sujaya U. Rao Bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) are important native pollinators in wild and agricultural systems, and are one of the few groups of native bees commercially bred for use in the pollination of a range of crops. In recent years, declines in bumble bees have been reported globally. One factor implicated in these declines, believed to affect bumble bee colonies in the wild and during rearing, is natural enemies. A diversity of fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and parasitoids has been reported to affect bumble bees, to varying extents, in different parts of the world. In contrast to reports of decline elsewhere, bumble bees have been thriving in Oregon on the West Coast of the U.S.A.. In particular, the agriculturally rich Willamette Valley in the western part of the state appears to be fostering several species. Little is known, however, about the natural enemies of bumble bees in this region. The objectives of this thesis were to: (1) identify pathogens and parasites in (a) bumble bees from the wild, and (b) bumble bees reared in captivity and (2) examine the effects of disease on bee hosts. Bumble bee queens and workers were collected from diverse locations in the Willamette Valley, in spring and summer. Bombus mixtus, Bombus nevadensis, and Bombus vosnesenskii collected from the wild were dissected and examined for pathogens and parasites, and these organisms were identified using morphological and molecular characteristics. -
Catalogue of Protozoan Parasites Recorded in Australia Peter J. O
1 CATALOGUE OF PROTOZOAN PARASITES RECORDED IN AUSTRALIA PETER J. O’DONOGHUE & ROBERT D. ADLARD O’Donoghue, P.J. & Adlard, R.D. 2000 02 29: Catalogue of protozoan parasites recorded in Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 45(1):1-164. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835. Published reports of protozoan species from Australian animals have been compiled into a host- parasite checklist, a parasite-host checklist and a cross-referenced bibliography. Protozoa listed include parasites, commensals and symbionts but free-living species have been excluded. Over 590 protozoan species are listed including amoebae, flagellates, ciliates and ‘sporozoa’ (the latter comprising apicomplexans, microsporans, myxozoans, haplosporidians and paramyxeans). Organisms are recorded in association with some 520 hosts including mammals, marsupials, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. Information has been abstracted from over 1,270 scientific publications predating 1999 and all records include taxonomic authorities, synonyms, common names, sites of infection within hosts and geographic locations. Protozoa, parasite checklist, host checklist, bibliography, Australia. Peter J. O’Donoghue, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia; Robert D. Adlard, Protozoa Section, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Australia; 31 January 2000. CONTENTS the literature for reports relevant to contemporary studies. Such problems could be avoided if all previous HOST-PARASITE CHECKLIST 5 records were consolidated into a single database. Most Mammals 5 researchers currently avail themselves of various Reptiles 21 electronic database and abstracting services but none Amphibians 26 include literature published earlier than 1985 and not all Birds 34 journal titles are covered in their databases. Fish 44 Invertebrates 54 Several catalogues of parasites in Australian PARASITE-HOST CHECKLIST 63 hosts have previously been published. -
The Classification of Lower Organisms
The Classification of Lower Organisms Ernst Hkinrich Haickei, in 1874 From Rolschc (1906). By permission of Macrae Smith Company. C f3 The Classification of LOWER ORGANISMS By HERBERT FAULKNER COPELAND \ PACIFIC ^.,^,kfi^..^ BOOKS PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA Copyright 1956 by Herbert F. Copeland Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 56-7944 Published by PACIFIC BOOKS Palo Alto, California Printed and bound in the United States of America CONTENTS Chapter Page I. Introduction 1 II. An Essay on Nomenclature 6 III. Kingdom Mychota 12 Phylum Archezoa 17 Class 1. Schizophyta 18 Order 1. Schizosporea 18 Order 2. Actinomycetalea 24 Order 3. Caulobacterialea 25 Class 2. Myxoschizomycetes 27 Order 1. Myxobactralea 27 Order 2. Spirochaetalea 28 Class 3. Archiplastidea 29 Order 1. Rhodobacteria 31 Order 2. Sphaerotilalea 33 Order 3. Coccogonea 33 Order 4. Gloiophycea 33 IV. Kingdom Protoctista 37 V. Phylum Rhodophyta 40 Class 1. Bangialea 41 Order Bangiacea 41 Class 2. Heterocarpea 44 Order 1. Cryptospermea 47 Order 2. Sphaerococcoidea 47 Order 3. Gelidialea 49 Order 4. Furccllariea 50 Order 5. Coeloblastea 51 Order 6. Floridea 51 VI. Phylum Phaeophyta 53 Class 1. Heterokonta 55 Order 1. Ochromonadalea 57 Order 2. Silicoflagellata 61 Order 3. Vaucheriacea 63 Order 4. Choanoflagellata 67 Order 5. Hyphochytrialea 69 Class 2. Bacillariacea 69 Order 1. Disciformia 73 Order 2. Diatomea 74 Class 3. Oomycetes 76 Order 1. Saprolegnina 77 Order 2. Peronosporina 80 Order 3. Lagenidialea 81 Class 4. Melanophycea 82 Order 1 . Phaeozoosporea 86 Order 2. Sphacelarialea 86 Order 3. Dictyotea 86 Order 4. Sporochnoidea 87 V ly Chapter Page Orders. Cutlerialea 88 Order 6. -
Para La Obtención Del Grado De Magister En Bioquímica Clínca
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÌMICAS UNIDAD DE POSTGRADO, INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO “TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN ESPECIAL” PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL GRADO DE MAGISTER EN BIOQUÍMICA CLÍNCA PREVALENCIA DE TOXOPLASMOSIS EN GESTANTES PRIMER TRIMESTRE QUE ACUDIERON AL LABORATORIO CLÍNICO APROFE CENTRAL, GUAYAQUIL 2012 A 2014 AUTORA Q.F. INES ELIZA ZAMBRANO DEMERA TUTORA Q.F. Gina Johnson Hidalgo M.sC. GUAYAQUIL – ECUADOR Septiembre, 2016 REPOSITORIO NACIONAL EN CIENCIAS Y TECNOLOGÍA FICHA DE REGISTRO DE TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN ESPECIAL TÍTULO “ PREVALENCIA DE TOXOPLASMOSIS EN GESTANTES PRIMER TRIMESTRE QUE ACUDIERON AL LABORATORIO CLÍNICO APROFE CENTRAL, GUAYAQUIL 2012 A 2014” REVISORES: INSTITUCIÓN: Universidad de Guayaquil FACULTAD: Ciencias Química CARRERA: Química Farmacéutico FECHA DE PUBLICACIÓN: N° DE PÁGS.: ÁREA TEMÁTICA: INMUNOLOGÍA PALABRAS CLAVES: toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, embarazo RESUMEN: La toxoplasmosis es una enfermedad de origen parasitario. En ella el microorganismo sindicado es el Toxoplasma gondii, el cual cumple su ciclo celular completo, luego de pasar por distintos huéspedes intermediarios, en su huésped definitivo: el gato. Otro vector poco conocido, por la población de mujeres embarazadas, es la carne mal cocida, y la higiene inapropiada de las manos, luego de manipular carne cruda. Esta infección puede ser trasmitida al feto a través de la placenta de una madre infectada durante el embarazo; ocurriendo en muchos casis de forma desapercibida. La llegada al feto puede ocasionar graves secuelas que prevalecerán durante toda su vida. La presencia de Toxoplasmosis es perfectamente prevenible, mediante la realización de un examen para determinar si corren el riesgo de una infección. La presente investigación proyecta evaluar el grado de prevalencia de toxoplasmosis en la población gestante ecuatoriana que acudió al laboratorio clínico APROFE CENTRAL, en el cantón Guayaquil y mediante análisis estadístico relacionar la misma con datos clínicos como: grupo etario y tiempo de gestación. -
Molecular Characterization of Gregarines from Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Description of Psychodiella N. G. (Apicomplexa: Gregarinida)
J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 56(6), 2009 pp. 583–588 r 2009 The Author(s) Journal compilation r 2009 by the International Society of Protistologists DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2009.00438.x Molecular Characterization of Gregarines from Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Description of Psychodiella n. g. (Apicomplexa: Gregarinida) JAN VOTY´ PKA,a,b LUCIE LANTOVA´ ,a KASHINATH GHOSH,c HENK BRAIGd and PETR VOLFa aDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague CZ 128 44, Czech Republic, and bBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cˇeske´ Budeˇjovice, CZ 370 05, Czech Republic, and cDepartment of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910-7500 USA, and dSchool of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, LL57 2UW United Kingdom ABSTRACT. Sand fly and mosquito gregarines have been lumped for a long time in the single genus Ascogregarina and on the basis of their morphological characters and the lack of merogony been placed into the eugregarine family Lecudinidae. Phylogenetic analyses performed in this study clearly demonstrated paraphyly of the current genus Ascogregarina and revealed disparate phylogenetic positions of gregarines parasitizing mosquitoes and gregarines retrieved from sand flies. Therefore, we reclassified the genus Ascogregarina and created a new genus Psychodiella to accommodate gregarines from sand flies. The genus Psychodiella is distinguished from all other related gregarine genera by the characteristic localization of oocysts in accessory glands of female hosts, distinctive nucleotide sequences of the small subunit rDNA, and host specificity to flies belonging to the subfamily Phlebotominae. The genus comprises three described species: the type species for the new genus—Psychodiella chagasi (Adler and Mayrink 1961) n. -
Uncovering the Variable Life History Traits and Strategies of the Gregarine Parasite, Monocystis Perplexa, in Its Invasive Earthworm Host, Amynthas Agrestis
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2018 Uncovering The aV riable Life History Traits And Strategies Of The Gregarine Parasite, Monocystis Perplexa, In Its Invasive Earthworm Host, Amynthas Agrestis Erin L. Keller University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Recommended Citation Keller, Erin L., "Uncovering The aV riable Life History Traits And Strategies Of The Gregarine Parasite, Monocystis Perplexa, In Its Invasive Earthworm Host, Amynthas Agrestis" (2018). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 929. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/929 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNCOVERING THE VARIABLE LIFE HISTORY TRAITS AND STRATEGIES OF THE GREGARINE PARASITE, MONOCYSTIS PERPLEXA, IN ITS INVASIVE EARTHWORM HOST, AMYNTHAS AGRESTIS A Thesis Presented by Erin L. Keller to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Biology October, 2018 Defense Date: May 15, 2018 Thesis Examination Committee: Joseph J. Schall, Ph.D., Advisor Josef H. Görres, Ph.D., Chairperson Lori Stevens, Ph.D. Cynthia J. Forehand, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College ABSTRACT Parasite life histories influence many aspects of infection dynamics, from the parasite infrapopulation diversity to the fitness of the parasite (the number of successfully transmitted parasites). -
Toxoplasma Gondii Y Plasmodium Spp
UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES FACULTAD DE MEDICINA DEPARTAMENTO DE MICROBIOLOGÍA, PARASITOLOGÍA E INMUNOLOGÍA - CÁTEDRA I SEMINARIO Nº 8 Mecanismos de invasión, establecimiento y patogenia de infecciones causadas por los Apicomplexa: Toxoplasma gondii y Plasmodium spp. OBJETIVOS •Reconocer las características biológicas de los Apicomplexa. •Estudiar su proceso de invasión y establecimiento en la célula huésped. •Conocer el ciclo de vida, la epidemiología e importancia clínica de los Apicomplexa: Toxoplasma gondii y Plasmodium spp. •Estudiar algunos mecanismos de patogenia de estos protozoarios. CONTENIDOS 1.Ubicación taxónomica de los Apicomplexa. 2.Características morfológicas y de multiplicación. 3.Mecanismos de invasión y establecimiento en la célula huésped. 4.Generalidades y ciclo de vida de Toxoplasma gondii y Plasmodium spp. 5.Mecanismos de infección, respuesta inmune y su relación con la patogenia de ambas parasitosis. UBICACIÓN TAXONÓMICA Reino: PROTISTA Subreino: PROTOZOA Phylum: APICOMPLEXA Subclase: COCCIDIA Suborden: EIMERIINA Género: Toxoplasma Especie: T. gondii Suborden: HAEMOSPORINA Género: Plasmodium Especie: P.vivax P.ovale P.falciparum P.malariae P. knowlesi (zoonótica-macacos) APICOMPLEXA: Generalidades Complejo apical Taquizoito de Merozoito de •Todos los miembros Toxoplasma gondii Conoide Plasmodium falciparum Anillo apical polar del phylum son parásitos Micronemas Roptrias Gránulos densos •Diferentes estadíos Microtúbulos infectantes subpeliculares Complejo interno de membrana •Únicamente se Mitocondria replican -
Zoologischer Anzeiger
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Zoologischer Anzeiger Jahr/Year: 1911 Band/Volume: 38 Autor(en)/Author(s): Sokolow Iwan Artikel/Article: Liste des Grégarines décrites depuis 1899a. 304-314 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/;download www.zobodat.at 304 5. Liste des Grégarines décrites depuis 1899a. ParB. Sokolow, St. Pétersbourg. eingeg. 10. Juni 1911. B. Subordre Schizogrégariues (Léger). [= Amoebosporidia Sehn.] 1900. Léger: G. R. Soc. Biol. T. LU. p. 868—870. Multiplication schizogonique. Fécondation isogame. Un ou plu- sieurs sporocystes. Différenciation des familles: Schizogonie extracellulaire. Conjugaison isogame. -— I. fana. Ophryo- cystidae. Schizogonie extracellulaire. Conjugaison anisogame. — II. fam. Schizo- cystidae. Schizogonie intracellulaire. Sporocystes à 4 sporoz. — III. fam. Sele- nidiidae. Changement d'hôte. Reproduction sexuelle anisogame. — IV. fam. Aggrégatidées. I. Fam. Ophryocystidae (Léger et Duboscq). 1908. Léger et Duboscq: Arch. f. Protistke. Bd. XII. S. 44—108. 1909. Léger et Duboscq: Arch. f. Protistke. Bd. XVII. S. 19—135. Gen. Ophryoeystis (Schneider). Schizontes de forme conique fixés à l'épithélium par de nombreuses radicelles. Un seul sporocyste octozoïque. 1) O. schneiden (Léger et Hagenmüller). 1900. Léger et Hagenmüller: Arch. Zool. Exp. (3). T. VIII. p. 40—45. 1907. Léger: Arch. f. Protistke. Bd. VIII. S. 159-203. Schizontes grégarinoïdes avec 1 à 4 noyaux, de forme conique; pas de schizontes mycétoïdes. Gamontes ovoïdes de 10 à 11 X 8 ,"• Cou- ples ovoïdes, allongés de 16 à 18 X ? /'> ave c une très mince enveloppe. Sporocystes biconiques de 11 sur 5,5 (a. Tubes de Malpighi de Blaps magica. -
Morphological Characteristics of Local Entomopathogenic Protozoan
Alfazairy et al. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control (2020) 30:7 Egyptian Journal of https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-0203-z Biological Pest Control RESEARCH Open Access Morphological characteristics of local entomopathogenic protozoan strains isolated from insect cadavers of certain stored-grain pests in Egypt Ahlam Ahmed Alfazairy, Yasien Mohamed Gamal El-Abed, Hedaya Hamza Karam and Hanan Mohamed Ramadan* Abstract The present study has documented, for the first time in Egypt, the natural occurrence of four entomopathogenic protozoans (EPP) among five of the most abundant and damaging insect pests of stored grains or their products. These insect pests (Laemophloeus (Cryptolestes) turcicus (Grouvelle), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and Plodia interpunctella (Hobner) were infesting lots of crushed-maize grains, wheat grains, and wheat flour, brought, in 2015, from El-Behera Governorate, Egypt. The morphological characteristics, including spore size, of the entomopathogen infective units, spores, of the isolated entomopathogenic protozoans, were closely fit with the description to the following genera: Mattesia, Farinocystis, Adelina, and Nosema. The prevalence of these entomopathogens ranged between 9 and 89%. This study seems to be the first report of Mattesia sp. on S. zeamais; Adelina sp. on L. turcicus or R. dominica, and the second report of Nosema sp. on R. dominica. The rate of natural infection by the neogregarine, Mattesia sp. (tentatively, M. dispora), was the highest in L. turcicus beetles (89%) followed by that in P. interpunctella moths (48%), larvae (40%), and pupae (32%) and then in S. zeamais weevils (42%) and R. dominica beetles with a low rate of infection (9%). -
First Record, Occurrence and Distribution of Entomopathogens in Populations of the European Cockchafer, Melolontha Melolontha (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Turkey
NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 12 (1): 192-195 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2016 Article No.: e152302 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html First record, occurrence and distribution of entomopathogens in populations of the European cockchafer, Melolontha melolontha (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Turkey Mustafa YAMAN1,*, Gönül ALGI1, Beyza Gonca GÜNER1, Ömer ERTÜRK2, Sabri ÜNAL3 and Renate RADEK4 1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey. 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ordu University, 52750 Ordu, Turkey. 3. Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey. 4. Institute of Biology/Zoology, Free University of Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany *Corresponding author, M. Yaman, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 28. Aprıl 2015 / Accepted: 03. June 2015 / Available online: 30. May 2016 / Printed: June 2016 Abstract. In the present study, the first record, occurrence and distribution of three different pathogens: two protistan pathogens; a coccidian and a neogregarine, and an entomopoxvirus from the European cockchafer, Melolontha melolontha L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are given. A neogregarine pathogen was recorded for the first time from M. melolontha populations. A coccidian pathogen, Adelina melolonthae was recorded for the first time for Turkey. An entomopoxvirus was recorded from a new locality, Kocaeli in Turkey, The infections caused by pathogens were observed in the haemolymph and fat body of the adults and larvae. The occurrence and distribution of these pathogens in the M. melolontha populations are also presented. Key words: biological control, Melolontha melolontha, entomopathogen, protist, neogregarine. The European or common cockchafer, Melolontha sects and are of interest as agents for natural con- melolontha L.