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Echa Przeszłości 21/1/2020 XXI/1 WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU WARMIŃSKO-MAZURSKIEGO OLSZTYN 2020 Rada Naukowa Udo Arnold (Bad Munstereifel), Teresa Astramowicz-Leyk (Olsztyn), Alla Atamanenko (Ostróg), Wiesław Caban – przewodniczący (Kielce), Piotr Daszkiewicz (Paryż), Rafał Dobek (Poznań), Volodymyr Dolinovskyi (Lwów), Włodzimierz Włodzimierowicz Gałyga (Kaliningrad), Witold Gieszczyński (Olsztyn), Rodney John Lokaj (Enna), Roman Jurkowski (Olsztyn), Norbert Kasparek (Olsztyn), Anatolij Kibysz (Sankt Petersburg), Wołodymyr Komar (Iwano-Frankowsk), Daniel Koreś (Wrocław), Andrzej Korytko (Olsztyn), Aleksandr Kraucewicz (Grodno), Igor Krywoszeja (Humań), Mirosław Lenart (Opole), Kazimierz Łatak (Warszawa), Rimantas Miknys (Wilno), Aram Anatoliewicz Narinjan (Kaliningrad), Dariusz Nawrot (Katowice), Alvydas Nikžentaitis (Wilno), Jens E. Olesen (Greifswald), Virgilijus Pugačiauskas (Wilno), Gianpaolo Romanato (Padwa), Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz (Olsztyn), Tomasz Strzeżek (Olsztyn), Andrzej Szmyt (Olsztyn), Krzysztof Ślusarek (Kraków), Yaryna Turchyn (Lwów), Aleš Zářický (Ostrawa) Redakcja Norbert Kasparek (redaktor naczelny), Andrzej Korytko (zastępca redaktora naczelnego), Irena Makarczyk (zastępca redaktora naczelnego), Miron Wolny (zastępca redaktora naczelnego), Łukasz Fafiński (sekretarz), Radosław Gross (sekretarz) Recenzenci Wiesław Caban (Kielce), Sven Ekdahl (Berlin), Andrzej Skrzypek (Warszawa), Andrzej Wałkówski (Łódź), Michał Zwierzykowski (Poznań) Redaktorzy tematyczni Sławomir Augusiewicz, Barbara Krysztopa-Czupryńska, Miron Wolny Adres Redakcji Instytut Historii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski, 10–725 Olsztyn, ul. Kurta Obitza 1, tel./fax 89–527–36–12 e-mail: [email protected] www.echaprzeszlosci.pl Projekt okładki Barbara Lis-Romańczukowa Redakcja wydawnicza Danuta Jamiołkowska Skład i łamanie Łukasz Fafiński ISSN 1509–9873 © Copyright by Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie Nakład 100 egz. Ark. wyd. 30; ark. druk. 22,9 Druk – Zakład Poligraficzny Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie – zam. nr 276 Spis treści ARTYKUŁY I ROZPRAWY Miron Wolny, Kartagińskie oblężenie Kasylinum (216/215 p.n.e.) – rzeczywistość historyczna a arkana antycznych przekazów literackich .................................. 9 Zygmunt S. Zalewski, Geneza schizmy religijnej Henryka VIII w Anglii ............... 35 Irena Makarczyk, Święta Lipka w okresie rządów biskupa Mikołaja Szyszkowskiego (1633–1643) ..................................................................................................... 61 Małgorzata Gumper, Epilog ojczyźniany – Michała Kleofasa Ogińskiego rozmowy z ostatnim królem Rzeczypospolitej .................................................................. 77 Mateusz Bogdanowicz, Hope Restored: the United Empire Loyalist Settlement in British North America, 1775–1812 .............................................................. 103 Janusz Jasiński, Powrót Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego do polskości ............................. 135 Olga Morozowa, Życie і działalność Wasyla Andrijowycza Stradomskiego (1831– –1902) .............................................................................................................. 159 Łukasz Kożuchowski, Śmierć dziecka i jej społeczno-kulturowe przeżywanie w polskich dziewiętnastowiecznych pieśniach ludowych.................................. 171 Larysa Ficyk, Igor Ficyk, Наукова спадщина М. В. Довнар-Запольського як уособлення транформаційних процесів шляхетського прошарку у Російській імперії другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. ....................... 187 Wiesław Bolesław Łach, Znaczenie manewru w działaniach wojennych w Prusach Wschodnich w 1914 roku ................................................................................. 201 Anatolii Kibysh, Aram A. Narinyan, Деятельность польских консульских учреждений в Восточной Пруссии в межвоенный период (1918–1939) .... 217 Anna Derda, Kampania i przebieg plebiscytu z 11 lipca 1920 roku na Warmii i Mazurach w świetle materiałów tekstowych oraz ikonograficznych zamieszczonych w lokalnej prasie niemieckojęzycznej ..................................... 239 Grzegorz Kała, Miejsce i rola narodu w życiu państwa podług planów politycznych Obozu Zjednoczenia Narodowego .................................................................... 261 Radosław Gross, Założenia polityki rolnej w Polsce w programach głównych partii i stronnictw politycznych (1939–1945/1946) .......................................... 285 4 Spis treści DOKUMENTY I MATERIAŁY Piotr Daszkiewicz, Dariusz Iwan, Listy Ludwika Młokosiewicza (1831–1909) do Antoniego Wagi (1799–1890) – interesujące świadectwo polskiej obecności na Kaukazie i historii nauk przyrodniczych w XIX wieku................................. 313 Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz, Walki pod Gąbinem w sierpniu 1914 roku w świetle listów i zapisków marszałka polnego Augusta von Mackensena ...................... 331 POŻEGNANIA Tadeusz Brzeczkowski (1939–2020) (Rafał Gelo, Norbert Kasparek) ..................... 357 Prof. dr hab. Marek Kazimierz Kamiński (1948–2020) (Witold Gieszczyński) ...... 363 Table of Contents ARTICLES AND DISSERTATIONS Miron Wolny, The Carthaginian Siege of Casilinum (216/215 BC) – historical reality vs. the arcana of ancient literary accounts ........................................... 9 Zygmunt S. Zalewski, The origins of Henry VIII’s religious schism in England .... 35 Irena Makarczyk, Święta Lipka during the reign of Bishop Mikołaj Szyszkowski (1633–1643) ..................................................................................................... 61 Małgorzata Gumper, The epilogue of motherland – dialogue between Michał Kleofas Ogiński and the last king of Poland .................................................... 77 Mateusz Bogdanowicz, Hope Restored: the United Empire Loyalist Settlement in British North America, 1775–1812 .............................................................. 103 Janusz Jasiński, Wojciech Kętrzyński’s return to his Polish roots ........................... 135 Olga Morozowa, The life and work of Vasyl Andriyovych Stradomsky (1831– –1902) .............................................................................................................. 159 Łukasz Kożuchowski, Death of a child and the socio-cultural experience of grief in Polish 19th century folk songs ...................................................................... 171 Larysa Ficyk, Igor Ficyk, The scientific legacy of Mitrofan Dovnar-Zapolski as the personification of the transformation of Russian nobility in the second half of the 19th and in the early 20th century .................................................... 187 Wiesław Bolesław Łach, The importance of maneuvering in military action in East Prussia in 1914 ........................................................................................ 201 Anatolii Kibysh, Aram A. Narinyan, The operations of Polish consular institutions in East Prussia in the interwar period (1918 to 1939) ..................................... 217 Anna Derda, The campaign and the plebiscite of 11 July 1920 in Warmia and Mazury in the articles and iconographic materials published in local German-language press ................................................................................... 239 Grzegorz Kała, The position and role of the nation in the state as postulated by the Camp of National Unity ............................................................................. 261 Radosław Gross, Agricultural policy guidelines in the programs of the main political parties and alliances in Poland (1939–1945/1946) ........................... 285 6 Table of Contents DOCUMENTS AND MATERIALS Piotr Daszkiewicz, Dariusz Iwan, Letters of Ludwik Młokosiewicz (1831–1909) to Antoni Waga (1799–1890) – a testimony of the Polish presence in the Caucasus and of the history of natural sciences in the 19th century ................ 313 Dariusz Radziwiłłowicz, The Battle of Gumbinnen in August 1914 in the letters and memoirs of Field Marshal August von Mackensen .................................... 331 FAREWELLS Tadeusz Brzeczkowski (1939–2020) (Rafał Gelo, Norbert Kasparek) ..................... 357 Prof. dr hab. Marek Kazimierz Kamiński (1948–2020) (Witold Gieszczyński) ...... 363 Artykuły i rozprawy Echa Przeszłości XXI/1, 2020 ISSN 1509–9873 DOI 10.31648/ep.6135 Miron Wolny Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie Kartagińskie oblężenie Kasylinum (216/215 p.n.e.) – rzeczywistość historyczna a arkana antycznych przekazów literackich Streszczenie: Przedmiotem rozważań w niniejszym artykule jest epizod kartagińskiego oblężenia Kasylinum (216/215 p.n.e.) odnotowany przede wszystkim przez Liwiusza, a także Frontinusa i Stra- bona. Akcja pod Kasylinum została przedstawiona w formie schlebiającej patriotycznym motywom Rzymian. Celowi temu służyło zręczne ukrywanie faktów i eksponowanie egzagerowanych akcji. Autor artykułu zastanawia się dlaczego oblężenie to trwało tak długo i pełne było sugerowanych przez źródła niepowodzeń po stronie kartagińskiej. Czy sytuacja ta może świadczyć o wodzowskiej indo- lencji Hannibala. Autor przekonuje, że tak nie było, bo chociaż kartagiński dowódca nie był szczegól- nym innowatorem w dziedzinie oblegania miast, opanował niezbędne elementy sztuki określanej jako poliorkia. Poprzez dokonanie „rozbrojenia” części rzymskich toposów i ujawnienia istotnych informa- cji, autor artykułu dochodzi do wniosku, że oblężenie Kasylinum komponowało się z celami strate- gicznymi armii kartagińskiej w Italii. Podczas drugiej
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