DOCSLIB.ORG

Imperial Priests and Martyrs: Pretexts for State Violence and Religious Change in France, 1848-1871

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Imperial Priests and Martyrs: Pretexts for State Violence and Religious Change in France, 1848-1871 City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2015 Imperial Priests and Martyrs: Pretexts for State Violence and Religious Change in France, 1848-1871 Benjamin Tyner Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1165 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] IMPERIAL PRIESTS AND MARTYRS Pretexts for State Violence and Religious Change in France, 1848-1871 by BENJAMIN TYNER A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The City University of New York 2015 ii 2015 Benjamin Tyner Some rights reserved. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in History to satisfy the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. _____________________ _______________________________________________ Date DAVID TROYANSKY, Chair of Examining Committee _____________________ _______________________________________________ Date HELENA ROSENBLATT, Executive Officer Supervisory Committee: _______________________________________________ EVELYN ACKERMAN _______________________________________________ DAGMAR HERZOG _______________________________________________ BRENNA MOORE iv Abstract Imperial Priests and Martyrs: Pretexts for State Violence and Religious Change in France, 1848-1871 by Benjamin Tyner Advisor: Professor David Troyansky This dissertation examines the lives and political significance of five French Catholic priests who were murdered between 1848 and 1871. Using French newspapers, printed religious texts and pamphlets, hagiographic biographies and other sources, I show the many ways in which French priests were wittingly and unwittingly used by the French Second Republic (1848-52), Second Empire (1852-70) and the Paris Commune (1871) and Third Republic (1870-1940). Archbishop of Paris Denis Auguste Affre (1848), Saint Augustin Schoeffler (1851), Archbishop of Paris Marie-Dominique-Auguste Sibour (1857), Saint Théophane Vénard (1861), and Arch- bishop of Paris Georges Darboy (1871) were all killed more for their relationship to the French state than for their religious beliefs. In mid-nineteenth-century France, martyrdom served as a powerful cultural symbol demarcating good and evil and identifying appropriate targets for vio- lence. Despite the ultimately secular causes of their deaths, all of the murdered priests discussed (except Sibour) were called martyrs by those who found them inspiring, motivating and useful and were subsequently used as pretexts for asymmetrical violence visited upon those held ac- countable for their murder, only contributing to their reputation as members of an imperial priesthood. I show how a series of political decisions made in the 1850s by French Catholics al- lied with the archbishops of Paris increasingly tied institutional French Catholicism to the gov- ernment of the Second Empire for its survival. But by tying themselves ever closer to the empire, the archbishops of Paris became vulnerable to changing attitudes towards the empire itself. When the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1) swept the empire away the government that followed (ulti- v mately as the Third Republic) seemed ready to scapegoat Paris for all French woes. In despera- tion, members of the Paris Commune (1871) expressed their frustration at the previous decades with the demolition of imperial symbols, including the imperial priesthood itself. vi Acknowledgments This manuscript required contributions from so many. I would like to express my deep gratitude to the Graduate Center, CUNY, for allowing me the opportunity to pursue this course of study and the time needed to complete it. I would also like to thank my entire committee for their patience and advice. In particular, I’m sincerely grateful for the time and encouragement offered by Professor Evelyn Ackerman and the dedicated and detailed support given to me by my advisor, Professor David Troyansky. Without their help this manuscript would never have been completed. In addition, I’m profoundly thankful for Union College, which employed me, supported my dissertation needs and provided encouragement and financial support. My colleagues in the Humanities department at Union College took every opportunity to protect my time, to offer me wisdom and counseling, and to make excuses for responsibilities I neglected in favor of dissertation work. I’d like to thank my friends for their unwavering confidence in me and for their willingness to provide help whenever it was needed. With all of my heart, I thank my parents, Stuart and Karen Tyner, and my siblings, Erin Miller and Matt Tyner, who offered constant emotional availability and always-optimistic assessments of my progress. I’m so thankful for Gabriel and Lyra, who cheerfully sacrificed many hours of time with their father. Most of all, I’m grateful for Jenny, without whom none of this was remotely possible, who gave up countless professional opportunities and carried unequal domestic burdens along the way, and who nevertheless believed in me and rooted for me from start to finish. Thank you, Jenny, I love you. vii Dedication For Georgette: There is no finer life. viii Table of Contents Abstract iv Acknowledgments vi Dedication vii List of Illustrations ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1: 1848 - Post-Springtime Wilt 20 Chapter 2: 1850s - The Crucible of Crimea 65 Chapter 3: 1850s - Debris of Demons 116 Chapter 4: 1860s - Down with the Goddesses 176 Conclusion 243 Bibliography 247 ix List of Illustrations 1. Frédéric Sorrieu, La République universelle démocratique et sociale - Le Pacte, 1848. From: L’Histoire par l’image, http://www.histoire- image.org/pleincadre/index.php?i=80&id_sel=undefined (accessed June 22, 2012). 28 2. “Martyrs Morts pour l'Ordre et la République.” Print reproduction (by author) from: Chez Bèz et Dubreuil, June 1848. 34 3. Honoré Daumier, “Dernier conseil des ex ministres.” Le Charivari, March 9, 1848. From: Benjamin A. and Julia M. Trustman Collection of Honoré Daumier Lithographs, Robert D. Farber University Archives & Special Collections Department, Brandeis University, http://bir.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/2114 (accessed June 22, 2012). 56 4. Honoré Daumier, “Un Citoyen Exaspéré par les Buffleteries.” Le Charivari, April 1, 1848. From: Benjamin A. and Julia M. Trustman Collection of Honoré Daumier Lithographs, Robert D. Farber University Archives & Special Collections Department, Brandeis University, http://hdl.handle.net/10192/2116 (accessed June 22, 2012). 57 5. Honoré Daumier, “Paquebot Napoléonien.” Le Charivari, December 2, 1848. From: Benjamin A. and Julia M. Trustman Collection of Honoré Daumier Lithographs, Robert D. Farber University Archives & Special Collections Department, Brandeis University, http://hdl.handle.net/10192/2122 (accessed June 22, 2012). 59 6. Honoré Daumier, “Nouveau joujou dédié par Ratapoil aux enfans des Décembristes.” Le Charivari, October 16, 1851. From: Benjamin A. and Julia M. Trustman Collection of Honoré Daumier Lithographs, Robert D. Farber University Archives & Special Collections Department, Brandeis University, http://hdl.handle.net/10192/2523 (accessed June 22, 2012). 62 7. Martyre de Saint Augustin Schoeffler: Son-Tay, 1851, Vietnamese painting, artist unknown. Public domain, available from: https://www.tumblr.com/search/vietnamese%20martyrs (accessed June 22, 2012). 118 8. MEP missionaries departing for the mission field, 1856. Public domain, available from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MEP_Departures_of_1856.jpg accessed June 22, 2012). 142 x 9. Hector Viger, Archevêque Georges Darboy, 1878. Public domain, available from: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Georges_Darboy#/media/File:Georgesdarboy. jpg accessed June 22, 2012). 197 10. Guillaume-Alphonse Cabasson, L’Apothéose de Napoleon III, 1854. Public domain, available from: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L'affaire_du_sacre_de_Napol%C3%A9on_III#/media/File:Apot heosis_of_Napoleon_III.jpg (accessed June 22, 2012). 204 11. Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux Monseigneur Darboy dans sa prison, 1871. From: L’Histoire par l’image, http://www.histoire-image.org/pleincadre/index.php?i=46 (accessed June 22, 2012). 219 12. “Affre et Darboy, les deux martyrs,” 1871. Print reproduction (by author) from: Archives of the Archdiocese of Paris. 221 13. Jehan Georges Vibert, Apothéose aux funérailles de Thiers, 1877. From: L’Histoire par l’image, http://www.histoire- image.org/pleincadre/index.php?a=368&v=1877&w=1877&d=1&i=444 (accessed June 22, 2012). 242 1 INTRODUCTION This dissertation examines the lives and political significance of five French Catholic priests who were murdered between 1848 and 1871. Archbishop of Paris Denis Auguste Affre (1848), Saint Augustin Schoeffler (1851), Archbishop of Paris Marie-Dominique-Auguste Si- bour (1857), Saint Théophane Vénard1 (1861), and Archbishop of Paris Georges Darboy (1871) were killed in distinct historical moments. But all of them also have one thing in common not previously noted by historians. All of these “martyrs”2 were killed more for their relationship
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018
    Lesser Feasts and Fasts 2018 Conforming to General Convention 2018 1 Preface Christians have since ancient times honored men and women whose lives represent heroic commitment to Christ and who have borne witness to their faith even at the cost of their lives. Such witnesses, by the grace of God, live in every age. The criteria used in the selection of those to be commemorated in the Episcopal Church are set out below and represent a growing consensus among provinces of the Anglican Communion also engaged in enriching their calendars. What we celebrate in the lives of the saints is the presence of Christ expressing itself in and through particular lives lived in the midst of specific historical circumstances. In the saints we are not dealing primarily with absolutes of perfection but human lives, in all their diversity, open to the motions of the Holy Spirit. Many a holy life, when carefully examined, will reveal flaws or the bias of a particular moment in history or ecclesial perspective. It should encourage us to realize that the saints, like us, are first and foremost redeemed sinners in whom the risen Christ’s words to St. Paul come to fulfillment, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” The “lesser feasts” provide opportunities for optional observance. They are not intended to replace the fundamental celebration of Sunday and major Holy Days. As the Standing Liturgical Commission and the General Convention add or delete names from the calendar, successive editions of this volume will be published, each edition bearing in the title the date of the General Convention to which it is a response.
    [Show full text]
  • Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women a Guide to Measurement
    FANTA III FOOD AND NUTRITION TECHNICAL A SSISTANCE Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women A Guide to Measurement Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women A Guide to Measurement Published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and USAID’s Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project (FANTA), managed by FHI 360 Rome, 2016 Recommended citation: FAO and FHI 360. 2016. Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women: A Guide for Measurement. Rome: FAO. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), or of FANTA/FHI 360 concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, or FHI 360 in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Additional funding for this publication was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the support of the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), under terms of Cooperative Agreement AID-OAA-A-12-00005 through the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance III Project (FANTA), managed by FHI 360. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO, FHI 360, UC Davis, USAID or the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2013 Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880 Heather Marlene Bennett University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Bennett, Heather Marlene, "Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880" (2013). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 734. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/734 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/734 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Long Live the Revolutions: Fighting for France's Political Future in the Long Wake of the Commune, 1871-1880 Abstract The traumatic legacies of the Paris Commune and its harsh suppression in 1871 had a significant impact on the identities and voter outreach efforts of each of the chief political blocs of the 1870s. The political and cultural developments of this phenomenal decade, which is frequently mislabeled as calm and stable, established the Republic's longevity and set its character. Yet the Commune's legacies have never been comprehensively examined in a way that synthesizes their political and cultural effects. This dissertation offers a compelling perspective of the 1870s through qualitative and quantitative analyses of the influence of these legacies, using sources as diverse as parliamentary debates, visual media, and scribbled sedition on city walls, to explicate the decade's most important political and cultural moments, their origins, and their impact.
    [Show full text]
  • Chronology of the Martin and Guérin Families***
    CHRONOLOGY OF THE MARTIN AND GUÉRIN FAMILIES*** 1777 1849 April 16, 1777 - The birth of Pierre-François Martin in Athis-de- father of Louis Martin. His baptismal godfather was his maternal uncle, François Bohard. July 6, 1789 - The birth of Isidore Guérin, Sr. in St. Martin- father of Zélie Guérin Martin. January 12, 1800 - The birth of Marie-Anne-Fanie Boureau in Blois (Loir et Cher). She was the mother of Louis Martin. July 11, 1805 - The birth of Louise-Jeanne Macé in Pré- en-Pail (Mayenne). She was the mother of Marie-Louise Guérin (Élise) known in religion as Sister Marie-Dosithée, Zélie Guérin Martin and Isidore Guérin. April 4, 1818 - Pierre-François Martin and Marie-Anne- Fanie Boureau were married in a civil ceremony in Lyon. April 7, 1818 - Pierre-François Martin and Marie-Anne- Fanie Boureau were married in Lyon in the Church of Saint-Martin- Abbé Bourganel. They lived at 4 rue Vaubecourt. They were the parents of Louis Martin. July 29, 1819 - The birth of Pierre Martin in Nantes. He was the oldest brother of Louis Martin. He died in a shipwreck when still very young. September 18, 1820 - The birth of Marie-Anne Martin in Nantes. She was the oldest sister of Louis Martin. August 22, 1823 - The birth of Louis-Joseph-Aloys- Stanislaus Martin on the rue Servandoni in Bordeaux (Gironde). He was the son of Pierre-François Martin and Marie- Anne-Fanie Boureau. He was the brother of Pierre, Marie-Anne, Anne-Françoise- Fanny and Anne Sophie Martin. He was 1 the husband of Zélie Guérin Martin and the father of Marie, Pauline, Léonie, Céline and Thérèse (St.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2013 Yi-Ling Lin
    © 2013 Yi-ling Lin CULTURAL ENGAGEMENT IN MISSIONARY CHINA: AMERICAN MISSIONARY NOVELS 1880-1930 BY YI-LING LIN DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral committee: Professor Waïl S. Hassan, Chair Professor Emeritus Leon Chai, Director of Research Professor Emeritus Michael Palencia-Roth Associate Professor Robert Tierney Associate Professor Gar y G. Xu Associate Professor Rania Huntington, University of Wisconsin at Madison Abstract From a comparative standpoint, the American Protestant missionary enterprise in China was built on a paradox in cross-cultural encounters. In order to convert the Chinese—whose religion they rejected—American missionaries adopted strategies of assimilation (e.g. learning Chinese and associating with the Chinese) to facilitate their work. My dissertation explores how American Protestant missionaries negotiated the rejection-assimilation paradox involved in their missionary work and forged a cultural identification with China in their English novels set in China between the late Qing and 1930. I argue that the missionaries’ novelistic expression of that identification was influenced by many factors: their targeted audience, their motives, their work, and their perceptions of the missionary enterprise, cultural difference, and their own missionary identity. Hence, missionary novels may not necessarily be about conversion, the missionaries’ primary objective but one that suggests their resistance to Chinese culture, or at least its religion. Instead, the missionary novels I study culminate in a non-conversion theme that problematizes the possibility of cultural assimilation and identification over ineradicable racial and cultural differences.
    [Show full text]
  • Imagining Outer Space Also by Alexander C
    Imagining Outer Space Also by Alexander C. T. Geppert FLEETING CITIES Imperial Expositions in Fin-de-Siècle Europe Co-Edited EUROPEAN EGO-HISTORIES Historiography and the Self, 1970–2000 ORTE DES OKKULTEN ESPOSIZIONI IN EUROPA TRA OTTO E NOVECENTO Spazi, organizzazione, rappresentazioni ORTSGESPRÄCHE Raum und Kommunikation im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert NEW DANGEROUS LIAISONS Discourses on Europe and Love in the Twentieth Century WUNDER Poetik und Politik des Staunens im 20. Jahrhundert Imagining Outer Space European Astroculture in the Twentieth Century Edited by Alexander C. T. Geppert Emmy Noether Research Group Director Freie Universität Berlin Editorial matter, selection and introduction © Alexander C. T. Geppert 2012 Chapter 6 (by Michael J. Neufeld) © the Smithsonian Institution 2012 All remaining chapters © their respective authors 2012 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2012 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Planning and Textbooks in French Primary Education During the Third Republic
    Rewriting the Nation: Language Planning and Textbooks in French Primary Education During the Third Republic By Celine L Maillard A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2019 Reading Committee: Douglas P Collins, Chair Maya A Smith Susan Gaylard Ana Fernandez Dobao Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Department of French and Italian Studies College of Arts and Sciences ©Copyright 2019 Céline L Maillard University of Washington Abstract Rewriting the Nation: Language Planning and Textbooks in French Primary Education During the Third Republic Celine L Maillard Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Douglas P Collins Department of French and Italian Studies This research investigates the rewriting of the nation in France during the Third Republic and the role played by primary schools in the process of identity formation. Le Tour de la France par deux enfants, a textbook written in 1877 by Augustine Fouillée, is our entry point to illustrate the strategies used in manufacturing French identity. We also analyze other texts: political speeches from the revolutionary era and from the Third Republic, as well as testimonies from both students and teachers written during the twentieth century. Bringing together close readings and research from various fields – history, linguistics, sociology, and philosophy – we use an interdisciplinary approach to shed light on language and national identity formation. Our findings underscore the connections between French primary education and national identity. Our analysis also contends that national identity in France during the Third Republic was an artificial construction and demonstrates how otherness was put in the service of populism.
    [Show full text]
  • DP - D 1-8 D 1-8 - Missionnaires
    AHDP - D 1-8 D 1-8 - Missionnaires Prêtres, religieux, religieuses et laïcs originaires du diocèse de Poitiers A Aguillon, Bernard D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Albert, Marthe D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Alberteau, Yves D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Allain, Antoine-Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Allard, Michel D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Archambaud, Eugène D 1-8 boîte 2-9 Audebert, Madeleine D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Audoux, Marie-Louise D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Augouard, Prosper D 1-8 boîte 2-13 Auneveux, Jean D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Auzanneau, Joseph D 1-8 boîte 2-3 B Barbier, Narcisse D 1-8 boîte 2-4 Barge, Jean D 1-8 boîte 2-9 Baron, Gérard D 1-8 boîte 2-13 Baron, Jean-Joseph D 1-8 boîte 2-9 Baron, Léone D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Baron, Odile D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Barrois, Louis D 1-8 boîte 2-4 Barré, Anne-Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Baudin, Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Baudu, Pierre D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Baufreton, Charles D 1-8 boîte 2-4 Bazin, Séraphin D 1-8 boîte 2-7 Beauregard Savary, Marthe (de) D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Bédin, Denise D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Bédin, Thérèse D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Beillerot, Joseph D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Beliveau, Annie D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Bellécullée, Marie-Pierre D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Bellenger, Marie-Joseph D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Belloc, Jean D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Bellouard, Joseph D 1-8 boîte 2-3 Benoist, Monique D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Berger, Marie-Adrien D 1-8 boîte 2-1 Bernier, Anne-Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Bernier, Thérèse D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Bertaud, Anne-Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-6 Berthon, Jean-Baptiste D 1-8 boîte 2-9 Bertonneau, Michel D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Bertrand-Guicheteau, Miguel D 1-8 boîte 2-11 Besson, Georges D 1-8 boîte 2-5 Billaud, Agnès-Marie D 1-8 boîte 2-9 Billaud,
    [Show full text]
  • Selections from the Correspondence of The
    .. SELECTIONS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE FIRST LORD ACTON ~ 1 'I A FRIEND sends me La l·'lanare LibCrale of Ghent for August 21st, with this article marked in heavy blue pencil. I publish it without any comment whatever. ," "CATHOLIC TOLERANCE /~ / }' :?£, "The punishment of death for heretics. ' "Fr. Lcpicia, professor of theology at the College of Prop- . aganda in Rome, is the author of a text-book in common use by the future priests who study at Rome. The book is entitled: Ooncerning the Stability ana the Proorese 01 Dogma. It was reissued with augmentations in 1910. A new edition has just appeared, bearing the approbation of high Church authorities. And here is what one reads on page 103: "'Q. Can heretics be tolerated, and if so, on what condi- tions?' "'A. As soon as one proclaims in public a heretical doc- trine, and tries to corrupt others by words or example, he can not only be excommunicated (to speak abstractly) but he ought to be killed, in all justice, to the end that he may not corrupt I a very great number by contamination. For a bad man is worse than a wild beast, and he docs more harm, as Aristotle says t (Ethic8 I, vil, in fine). So as it is not evil to kill a noxious beast of the forest, it is good to take away the life of a heretic who denies divine truth and hinders the salvation of others.' "And on page 200 this sentence is to be found: "'To the Church returns, in truth, the right of pronouncing sentence of death against heretics.' Who then can say that the Roman Catholic Church is becoming more tolerant? Nunc erudimini/" '00.-- __ > _ i, ~-....
    [Show full text]
  • The Revolution of 1848 in the History of French Republicanism Samuel Hayat
    The Revolution of 1848 in the History of French Republicanism Samuel Hayat To cite this version: Samuel Hayat. The Revolution of 1848 in the History of French Republicanism. History of Political Thought, Imprint Academic, 2015, 36 (2), pp.331-353. halshs-02068260 HAL Id: halshs-02068260 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02068260 Submitted on 14 Mar 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. History of Political Thought, vol. 36, n° 2, p. 331-353 PREPRINT. FINAL VERSION AVAILABLE ONLINE https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/imp/hpt/2015/00000036/00000002/art00006 The Revolution of 1848 in the History of French Republicanism Samuel Hayat Abstract: The revolution of February 1848 was a major landmark in the history of republicanism in France. During the July monarchy, republicans were in favour of both universal suffrage and direct popular participation. But during the first months of the new republican regime, these principles collided, putting republicans to the test, bringing forth two conceptions of republicanism – moderate and democratic-social. After the failure of the June insurrection, the former prevailed. During the drafting of the Constitution, moderate republicanism was defined in opposition to socialism and unchecked popular participation.
    [Show full text]
  • Biographical Appendix
    BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX Aberdeen George Hamilton-Gordon, earl of (1784–1860), was the Foreign Secretary under Robert Peel 1841–46 and a close friend of Guizot and of Princess Lieven. He acted as go- between for Louis-Philippe and the comte de Chambord in 1849–50. He was the Prime Minister of Great Britain in 1852–55. Affre Denis-Auguste (1793–1848) was the archbishop of Paris from 1840. He rallied to the Republic quickly in 1848 but was mortally wounded when he tried to parlay with insur- gents during the June Days. d’Agoult Marie (1805–76) published her Histoire de la Révolution de 1848 under the name of Daniel Stern. Arago François (1786–1853) was an astronomer and member of the Provisional Government and Executive Commission. Barante Prosper de (1782–1866) was a member of the Doctrinaires in the Restoration and prefect during the July Monarchy as well as ambassador in Turin and Saint Petersburg. Baroche Jules (1802–70) was the Minister of the Interior from March 1850, actively supported the electoral reform law of 31 May 1850. He resigned when Changarnier was dis- missed but was made Minister of Foreign Affairs in April 1851, only to resign in October in protest against the President’s attempt to revoke the law of 31 May. After the coup he became President of the Council of State. Barrot Odilon (1791–1873) was prefect of the Seine after the 1830 Revolution. He was leader of the Dynastic Opposition © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 299 C. Guyver, The Second French Republic 1848–1852, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-59740-3 300 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX during the July Monarchy, and his banquet campaign for reform of the electoral system helped trigger the February Revolution of 1848.
    [Show full text]
  • PROFESSIONE VISITANDINA – M Falco
    PROFESSIONE VISITANDINA Vita di Maria Margherita Alacoque di Mary Falco Capitolo I 27 dicembre 1673 “Una volta dunque trovandomi davanti al Divino Sacramento, finalmente un po’ più a mio agio, perché di solito gli incarichi assegnatimi non mi lasciavano molto tempo per l’adorazione, mi trovai completamente investita dalla divina presenza, così intensamente da dimenticare me stessa ed il posto in cui ero ed abbandonarmi del tutto allo Spirito Divino, lasciando il mio cuore alla forza del suo amore. A lungo Egli mi lasciò riposare sul suo divino petto, dove mi scoprì le meraviglie del suo amore ed i segreti inspiegabili che il suo Sacro Cuore m’aveva tenuti nascosti fino ad allora, quando l’aprì per la prima volta, ma in un modo così affettuoso e sensibile che non mi lasciò il più piccolo dubbio, per l’effetto che la sua grazia produsse in me, di solito così timorosa di sbagliare per quanto riguarda i miei pensieri intimi. Ed ecco come mi pare che sia accaduto: Egli disse - Il mio cuore è così appassionato d’amore per gli uomini e per te in particolare, che non potendo più contenere le fiamme della sua ardente carità, deve diffonderle attraverso di te e manifestarsi a loro per arricchirli dei preziosi tesori che ti scopro e che contengono grazie santificanti e salutari, necessarie per strapparli dall’abisso di perdizione. Io ti ho scelta come un abisso d’indegnità e d’ignoranza per compiere questo grande disegno affinché tutto sia fatto soltanto da me! - poi domandò il mio cuore ed io lo supplicai di prenderlo.
    [Show full text]