During the Early Days of Computing, Computer Systems Were Designed to Fit a Particular Platform and Were Designed to Address T
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Activity Diagram Inheritance1
Activity Diagram Inheritance1 Arnd Schnieders, Frank Puhlmann Hasso-Plattner-Institute for IT Systems Engineering at the University of Potsdam {schnieders, puhlmann}@hpi.uni-potsdam.de Abstract This paper outlines the ongoing work on the realization of a flexible inheritance mechanism for Activity Diagrams that assures the maintenance of syntactical correctness for the derived Activity Diagrams. The objective is to support the reuse of process models especially by applying Activity Diagram inheritance as a variability mechanism in the context of product line oriented software development. Keywords: Activity Diagrams, domain engineering, process inheritance, variability mechanism 1. Introduction In industry similar products are frequently developed and produced as product lines. One of the main advantages is a gain of efficiency in development and production since parts, which are common for several product line members, can be reused optimally. This approach has been transferred successfully to software development and is also known by the name domain engineering. Variability mechanisms are thereby important for the effectiveness of domain engineering. A great number of variability mechanisms has already been published [5, 9, 11, 13, 18]. Unfortunately, existing variability mechanisms only refer to the static aspects of a software system’s design while the impact of variability mechanisms on the process view on the system has been strongly neglected. Therefore, the first contribution of this paper is to contribute to closing this gap by making the important variability mechanism inheritance available for process design models in order to derive process model variants. The second contribution of this paper is to show how the defined process inheritance mechanism is realized concretely for UML 2.0 Activity Diagrams. -
OMG Systems Modeling Language (OMG Sysml™) Tutorial 25 June 2007
OMG Systems Modeling Language (OMG SysML™) Tutorial 25 June 2007 Sanford Friedenthal Alan Moore Rick Steiner (emails included in references at end) Copyright © 2006, 2007 by Object Management Group. Published and used by INCOSE and affiliated societies with permission. Status • Specification status – Adopted by OMG in May ’06 – Finalization Task Force Report in March ’07 – Available Specification v1.0 expected June ‘07 – Revision task force chartered for SysML v1.1 in March ‘07 • This tutorial is based on the OMG SysML adopted specification (ad-06-03-01) and changes proposed by the Finalization Task Force (ptc/07-03-03) • This tutorial, the specifications, papers, and vendor info can be found on the OMG SysML Website at http://www.omgsysml.org/ 7/26/2007 Copyright © 2006,2007 by Object Management Group. 2 Objectives & Intended Audience At the end of this tutorial, you should have an awareness of: • Benefits of model driven approaches for systems engineering • SysML diagrams and language concepts • How to apply SysML as part of a model based SE process • Basic considerations for transitioning to SysML This course is not intended to make you a systems modeler! You must use the language. Intended Audience: • Practicing Systems Engineers interested in system modeling • Software Engineers who want to better understand how to integrate software and system models • Familiarity with UML is not required, but it helps 7/26/2007 Copyright © 2006,2007 by Object Management Group. 3 Topics • Motivation & Background • Diagram Overview and Language Concepts • SysML Modeling as Part of SE Process – Structured Analysis – Distiller Example – OOSEM – Enhanced Security System Example • SysML in a Standards Framework • Transitioning to SysML • Summary 7/26/2007 Copyright © 2006,2007 by Object Management Group. -
UML Tutorial: Part 1 -- Class Diagrams
UML Tutorial: Part 1 -- Class Diagrams. Robert C. Martin My next several columns will be a running tutorial of UML. The 1.0 version of UML was released on the 13th of January, 1997. The 1.1 release should be out before the end of the year. This col- umn will track the progress of UML and present the issues that the three amigos (Grady Booch, Jim Rumbaugh, and Ivar Jacobson) are dealing with. Introduction UML stands for Unified Modeling Language. It represents a unification of the concepts and nota- tions presented by the three amigos in their respective books1. The goal is for UML to become a common language for creating models of object oriented computer software. In its current form UML is comprised of two major components: a Meta-model and a notation. In the future, some form of method or process may also be added to; or associated with, UML. The Meta-model UML is unique in that it has a standard data representation. This representation is called the meta- model. The meta-model is a description of UML in UML. It describes the objects, attributes, and relationships necessary to represent the concepts of UML within a software application. This provides CASE manufacturers with a standard and unambiguous way to represent UML models. Hopefully it will allow for easy transport of UML models between tools. It may also make it easier to write ancillary tools for browsing, summarizing, and modifying UML models. A deeper discussion of the metamodel is beyond the scope of this column. Interested readers can learn more about it by downloading the UML documents from the rational web site2. -
Plantuml Language Reference Guide (Version 1.2021.2)
Drawing UML with PlantUML PlantUML Language Reference Guide (Version 1.2021.2) PlantUML is a component that allows to quickly write : • Sequence diagram • Usecase diagram • Class diagram • Object diagram • Activity diagram • Component diagram • Deployment diagram • State diagram • Timing diagram The following non-UML diagrams are also supported: • JSON Data • YAML Data • Network diagram (nwdiag) • Wireframe graphical interface • Archimate diagram • Specification and Description Language (SDL) • Ditaa diagram • Gantt diagram • MindMap diagram • Work Breakdown Structure diagram • Mathematic with AsciiMath or JLaTeXMath notation • Entity Relationship diagram Diagrams are defined using a simple and intuitive language. 1 SEQUENCE DIAGRAM 1 Sequence Diagram 1.1 Basic examples The sequence -> is used to draw a message between two participants. Participants do not have to be explicitly declared. To have a dotted arrow, you use --> It is also possible to use <- and <--. That does not change the drawing, but may improve readability. Note that this is only true for sequence diagrams, rules are different for the other diagrams. @startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response Alice -> Bob: Another authentication Request Alice <-- Bob: Another authentication Response @enduml 1.2 Declaring participant If the keyword participant is used to declare a participant, more control on that participant is possible. The order of declaration will be the (default) order of display. Using these other keywords to declare participants -
Semantic Based Model of Conceptual Work Products for Formal Verification of Complex Interactive Systems
Semantic based model of Conceptual Work Products for formal verification of complex interactive systems Mohcine Madkour1*, Keith Butler2, Eric Mercer3, Ali Bahrami4, Cui Tao1 1 The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030 2 University of Washington, Department of Human Centered Design and Engineering Box 352315, Sieg Hall, Room 208 Seattle, WA 98195 3 Brigham Young University Computer Science Department, 3334 TMCB PO Box 26576 Provo, UT 84602-6576 4 Medico System Inc. 10900 NE 8th Street Suite 900 Bellevue, WA 98004 * Corresponding author, email: [email protected], phone: (+1) 281-652-7118 Abstract - Many clinical workflows depend on interactive computer systems for highly technical, conceptual work 1. Introduction products, such as diagnoses, treatment plans, care Many critical systems require highly complex user interactions coordination, and case management. We describe an and a large number of cognitive tasks. These systems are automatic logic reasoner to verify objective specifications common in clinical health care and also many other industries for these highly technical, but abstract, work products that where the consequences of failure can be very expensive or are essential to care. The conceptual work products risky to human safety. Formal verification through model specifications serve as a fundamental output requirement, checking could reduce or prevent system failures, but several which must be clearly stated, correct and solvable. There is technical obstacles must be solved first. strategic importance for such specifications because, in We focus here on the abstract products of conceptual work turn, they enable system model checking to verify that that are foundational requirements that must be part of machine functions taken with user procedures are actually verification in a modern health care systems. -
Sysml Distilled: a Brief Guide to the Systems Modeling Language
ptg11539604 Praise for SysML Distilled “In keeping with the outstanding tradition of Addison-Wesley’s techni- cal publications, Lenny Delligatti’s SysML Distilled does not disappoint. Lenny has done a masterful job of capturing the spirit of OMG SysML as a practical, standards-based modeling language to help systems engi- neers address growing system complexity. This book is loaded with matter-of-fact insights, starting with basic MBSE concepts to distin- guishing the subtle differences between use cases and scenarios to illu- mination on namespaces and SysML packages, and even speaks to some of the more esoteric SysML semantics such as token flows.” — Jeff Estefan, Principal Engineer, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory “The power of a modeling language, such as SysML, is that it facilitates communication not only within systems engineering but across disci- plines and across the development life cycle. Many languages have the ptg11539604 potential to increase communication, but without an effective guide, they can fall short of that objective. In SysML Distilled, Lenny Delligatti combines just the right amount of technology with a common-sense approach to utilizing SysML toward achieving that communication. Having worked in systems and software engineering across many do- mains for the last 30 years, and having taught computer languages, UML, and SysML to many organizations and within the college setting, I find Lenny’s book an invaluable resource. He presents the concepts clearly and provides useful and pragmatic examples to get you off the ground quickly and enables you to be an effective modeler.” — Thomas W. Fargnoli, Lead Member of the Engineering Staff, Lockheed Martin “This book provides an excellent introduction to SysML. -
Sysml Activity Diagram Some Basic Semantics [email protected]
SysML Activity Diagram Some Basic Semantics [email protected] 1. Does this diagram follow all SysML rules, is it semantically correct? 2. If it is correct, is it good SysML, is the modeler’s intent clear? 3. What is the modeler’s intent? The semantics discussed are not comprehensive; rather, they are meant to cover only some of the most common usages. Readers are encouraged to consult additional documentation to obtain a fuller understanding of the SysML grammar. Activity Edges Control and Object Flows Control Flow Object Flow The most basic function of Activity Diagrams is the Object flow Pin. Control flow activity edge, commutation of information activity edge, solid line. among Actions. This is dashed line. accomplished by using either or both types of activity edges, as required: Best Practices 1. Use Object Flows whenever possible as they explicitly specify what is being communicated between Actions. 2. The two object flow constructs on the right are semantically identical. In general, the use of pins is preferred as it is more concise and allows for typecasting, should that be required. Activity Edge Semantics 1. An Action cannot start until all Control and Object tokens are received at the Action edge. 2. When an Action finishes, it provides all Control and Object tokens to their respective flows. Diagram Flow Discussion 1. When A finishes, it provides The Activity Diagram on the Control tokens to B and C at the left is grammatically correct. same time. However, the Control Flow 2. B then starts. When B finishes, it between A and B is provides a Control token to C. -
The Validation Possibility of Topological Functioning Model Using the Cameo Simulation Toolkit
The Validation Possibility of Topological Functioning Model using the Cameo Simulation Toolkit Viktoria Ovchinnikova and Erika Nazaruka Department of Applied Computer Science, Riga Technical University, Setas Street 1, Riga, Latvia Keywords: Topological Functioning Model, Execution Model, Foundational UML, UML Activity Diagram. Abstract: According to requirements provided by customers, the description of to-be functionality of software systems needs to be provided at the beginning of the software development process. Documentation and functionality of this system can be displayed as the Topological Functioning Model (TFM) in the form of a graph. The TFM must be correctly and traceably validated, according to customer’s requirements and verified, according to TFM construction rules. It is necessary for avoidance of mistakes in the early stage of development. Mistakes are a risk that can bring losses of resources or financial problems. The hypothesis of this research is that the TFM can be validated during this simulation of execution of the UML activity diagram. Cameo Simulation Toolkit from NoMagic is used to supplement UML activity diagram with execution and allows to simulate this execution, providing validation and verification of the diagram. In this research an example of TFM is created from the software system description. The obtained TFM is manually transformed to the UML activity diagram. The execution of actions of UML activity diagrams was manually implemented which allows the automatic simulation of the model. It helps to follow the traceability of objects and check the correctness of relationships between actions. 1 INTRODUCTION It represents the full scenario of system functionality and its relationships. Development of the software system is a complex The simulation of models can help to see some and stepwise process. -
UML Notation Guide
UML Notation Guide version 1.1 1 September 1997 Rational Software ■ Microsoft ■ Hewlett-Packard ■ Oracle Sterling Software ■ MCI Systemhouse ■ Unisys ■ ICON Computing IntelliCorp ■ i-Logix ■ IBM ■ ObjecTime ■ Platinum Technology ■ Ptech Taskon ■ Reich Technologies ■ Softeam ad/97-08-05 Copyright © 1997 Rational Software Corporation Copyright © 1997 Microsoft Corporation Copyright © 1997 Hewlett-Packard Company. Copyright © 1997 Oracle Corporation. Copyright © 1997 Sterling Software. Copyright © 1997 MCI Systemhouse Corporation. Copyright © 1997 Unisys Corporation. Copyright © 1997 ICON Computing. Copyright © 1997 IntelliCorp. Copyright © 1997 i-Logix. Copyright © 1997 IBM Corporation. Copyright © 1997 ObjecTime Limited. Copyright © 1997 Platinum Technology Inc. Copyright © 1997 Ptech Inc. Copyright © 1997 Taskon A/S. Copyright © 1997 Reich Technologies Copyright © 1997 Softeam Photocopying, electronic distribution, or foreign-language translation of this document is permitted, provided this document is reproduced in its entirety and accompanied with this entire notice, including the following statement: The most recent updates on the Unified Modeling Language are available via the worldwide web: http://www.rational.com/uml The UML logo is a trademark of Rational Software Corporation. Contents 1. DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 1 2. DIAGRAM ELEMENTS 3 2.1 Graphs and their Contents . 3 2.2 Drawing paths . 4 2.3 Invisible Hyperlinks And The Role Of Tools . 4 2.4 Background information . 4 2.5 String . 5 2.6 Name . 6 2.7 Label . 7 2.8 Keywords. 8 2.9 Expression . 8 2.10 Note . 10 2.11 Type-Instance Correspondence . 11 3. MODEL MANAGEMENT 13 3.1 Packages and Model Organization . 13 4. GENERAL EXTENSION MECHANISMS 16 4.1 Constraint and Comment . 16 4.2 Element Properties. -
UML Why Develop a UML Model?
App Development & Modelling BSc in Applied Computing Produced Eamonn de Leastar ([email protected]) by Department of Computing, Maths & Physics Waterford Institute of Technology http://www.wit.ie http://elearning.wit.ie Introduction to UML Why develop a UML model? • Provide structure for problem solving • Experiment to explore multiple solutions • Furnish abstractions to manage complexity • Decrease development costs • Manage the risk of mistakes #3 The Challenge #4 The Vision #5 Why do we model graphically? " Graphics reveal data.! " Edward Tufte$ The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, 1983$ " 1 bitmap = 1 megaword.! " Anonymous visual modeler #6 Building Blocks of UML " The basic building blocks of UML are:! " model elements (classes, interfaces, components, use cases, etc.)! " relationships (associations, generalization, dependencies, etc.)! " diagrams (class diagrams, use case diagrams, interaction diagrams, etc.)! " Simple building blocks are used to create large, complex structures! " eg elements, bonds and molecules in chemistry! " eg components, connectors and circuit boards in hardware #7 Example : Classifier View #8 Example: Instance View #9 UML Modeling Process " Use Case! " Structural! " Behavioural! " Architectural #10 Use Case Visual Paradigm Help #11 Structural Modeling Visual Paradigm Help #12 Behavioural Modeling Visual Paradigm Help #13 Architectural Modeling Visual Paradigm Help #14 Structural Modeling " Core concepts! " Diagram Types #15 Structural Modeling Core Elements " a view of an system that emphasizes -
State and Activity Diagrams in UML Last Revised December 4, 2018 Objectives: 1
CPS122 Lecture: State and Activity Diagrams in UML last revised December 4, 2018 Objectives: 1. To show how to create and read State Diagrams 2. To introduce UML Activity Diagrams Materials: 1. Answers to quick check questions from chapter 7 plus chapter 8 a, b, g 2. Demonstration of “Racers” program 3. Handout and Projectable on Web: State diagram for Session 4. Handout: Code for Session class performSession() method 5. Projectable of text figures 7.12, 7.13 6. Handout of Activity diagram for Racers 7. Projectable of text figure 8.10 I. Introduction A.Go over quick check questions chapter 7 + chapter 8 a, b, g only B. We have drawn a distinction between the static aspects of a system and its dynamic aspects. The static aspects of a system have to do with its component parts and how they are related to one another; the dynamic aspects of a system have to do with how the components interact with one another and/or change state internally over time. C. We have been looking at one aspect of the dynamic behavior of a system - the way various objects interact to carry out the various use cases. We have looked at two ways of describing this: 1. Sequence diagrams 2. Communication diagrams D.We now want to look two additional aspects of dynamic behavior !1 1. How an individual object changes state internally over time. a) Example: As part of doing the domain analysis of a traffic light system, it is important to note that individual signals go through a series of states in a prescribed order - modeled by the following state diagram: ! (Note: this is correct for the US but not for all countries in the world!) An important “business rule” that any traffic light system must obey is that the light must be yellow for a certain minimum period of time (related to vehicle speed in the intersection) between displaying green and displaying red. -
Software Evolution of Legacy Systems a Case Study of Soft-Migration
Software Evolution of Legacy Systems A Case Study of Soft-migration Andreas Furnweger,¨ Martin Auer and Stefan Biffl Vienna University of Technology, Inst. of Software Technology and Interactive Systems, Vienna, Austria Keywords: Software Evolution, Migration, Legacy Systems. Abstract: Software ages. It does so in relation to surrounding software components: as those are updated and modern- ized, static software becomes evermore outdated relative to them. Such legacy systems are either tried to be kept alive, or they are updated themselves, e.g., by re-factoring or porting—they evolve. Both approaches carry risks as well as maintenance cost profiles. In this paper, we give an overview of software evolution types and drivers; we outline costs and benefits of various evolution approaches; and we present tools and frameworks to facilitate so-called “soft” migration approaches. Finally, we describe a case study of an actual platform migration, along with pitfalls and lessons learned. This paper thus aims to give software practitioners—both resource-allocating managers and choice-weighing engineers—a general framework with which to tackle soft- ware evolution and a specific evolution case study in a frequently-encountered Java-based setup. 1 INTRODUCTION tainability. We look into different aspects of software maintenance and show that the classic meaning of Software development is still a fast-changing environ- maintenance as some final development phase after ment, driven by new and evolving hardware, oper- software delivery is outdated—instead, it is best seen ating systems, frameworks, programming languages, as an ongoing effort. We also discuss program porta- and user interfaces. While this seemingly constant bility with a specific focus on porting source code.