Tissue: the Living Fabric

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Chapter 4 TISSUE: THE LIVING FABRIC . Tissue: group of cells that are similar in structure and function . Histology: study of tissues Types of Tissues: 1. Epithelium (covering) 2. Connective (support) 3. Muscle (movement) 4. Nervous (control) Preparing tissues for microscopy . Specimen is fixed (preserved) . Cut into thin sections (slices) . Stained with colored dyes Part I: Epithelial Tissue Epithelial Tissue . “epithe” = laid on, covering . Structure: 1. Covering and lining epithelium 2. Glandular epithelium . Function: Protection Absorption Filtration Secretion Special Properties 1. Polarity Apical surface = exposed free surface or edge (some with microvilli, cilia) Basal surface = lower, attached surface 2. Specialized contacts Fits close together to form continuous sheets Special Properties 3. Supported by connective tissue Rests on basement membrane 4. No blood supply (avascular) Rely on diffusion and underlying connective tissue for food/O2 5. Regeneration – Replace lost cells Classification . Two names = (# cell layers) + (shape of cells) . Cell Layers: simple or stratified . Shapes: squamous, cuboidal, or columnar Simple Epithelium . Absorption, secretion, filtration . Very thin Simple Epithelium Simple Epithelium . Simple squamous Filtration, rapid diffusion Capillary walls, air sacs in lungs, kidney filtration Serous membranes: slick layer lining ventral body cavity and its organs Simple Epithelium . Simple cuboidal Secretion & absorption Lines ducts of glands (salivary), kidney tubules, ovary surface Simple Epithelium . Simple columnar Absorption and secretion Lines digestive tract Microvilli, cilia Mucous membranes: lubricating mucus Simple Epithelium . Pseudostratified columnar Rests on basement membrane – false impression (pseudo) of being multi-layered Secretes or absorbs Respiratory tract – cilia propels mucus from lungs Stratified Epithelium . 2+ layers, more durable . Main function = protect Stratified Epithelium . Stratified squamous Withstand abuse, friction Esophagus, mouth, outer portion of skin Stratified Epithelium . Stratified cuboidal Usually 2 layers Mainly in ducts of large glands (sweat, mammary, salivary) Sweat Gland Esophageal Gland Stratified Epithelium . Stratified columnar Thick, waterproof layer Pharynx, male urethra, lining ducts Transitional Epithelium . Able to change shape (cuboidal squamous) . Lining of hollow urinary organs (bladder, ureter, urethra) . Stretches when filled with urine Glandular Epithelium . Gland: make and secrete a particular product . 2 Types: Endocrine gland: produce hormones secreted into tissue fluid or bloodstream Exocrine gland: secrete products into ducts onto body surfaces or body cavities Eg. mucous, sweat, oil, saliva, bile Exocrine Glands Unicellular Multicellular . Mucus cells or goblet . Duct structure cells .

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Types of Epithelia
Medical Laboratory Techniques Department Lab 3,4 :epithelial tissue Msc. Farah Safaa Farah Safaa@mustaqbal -college.edu.iq The human body consists of Four types of tissue: 1- Epithelial tissue 2- connective tissue 3- Muscular tissue 4- Nervous tissue Epithelial tissue:is asheet of cells that covers abody surface or lines abody cavity. Functions of epithelia : 1- covering ,lining and Protection surfaces (e.g., skin) 2-Absorption (e.g., the intestines ) 3-Secretion (e.g.,the epithelial cell of gland 4-contractility(e.g myoepithelial cells) Types of epithelia: Epithelial tissues consist of two types :- A- Covering or lining epithelial tissues B- Glandular epithelial tissues Covering epithelial tissues covers the outer layers or lining of the organs , according to the number of cells layers classified to:- a-Simple epithelial tissue 1-Simple squamous epithelial tissue. 2- Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue. 3- Simple columnar epithelial tissue. 4-peudostratified columnar epithelial tissue. b- Stratified epithelial tissue 1- Stratified squamous epithelial tissue. 2- Stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue. 3- Stratified columnar epithelial tissue. 4-Transitional epithelial. Simple epithelial tissue:-composed of only one layer basedonbasement membrane Page 1 of 6 Medical Laboratory Techniques Department Lab 3,4 :epithelial tissue Msc. Farah Safaa Farah Safaa@mustaqbal -college.edu.iq 1-Simple squamous epithelial tissue:- Composed of a single layer of cells which are flat and plate like , lining blood vessels being called endothelium and that lining the abdominal and plural cavities called mesothelium. 2-Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue:- Composed of a single layer of cells whose height , width and depth are the same and have centrally placed nucleus .
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Acu O Medical Term
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Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
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Basic Histology (23 Questions): Oral Histology (16 Questions
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Exocrine Glands  Ccasslassified Da Acco Rd Ing to
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Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition
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Squamous Epithelium in the Human Thyroid Gland
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Mixed Type Adrenal Cyst: a Case Report
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Structure of Islets and Vascular Relationship to the Exocrine Pancreas Yousef El-Gohary1, George Gittes2 1 Department of Surgery, St
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