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Network Study L i n k S C E E M Linking Scientific Computing in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean N ETWORK STUDY FINDING S DELIVERABLE D11 Document identifier: LinkSCEEM_D11_v07 Date: 31/01/2010 Work Package: WP5: Network Study Lead Partner: GRNET Document status: Final Draft Document link: This document describes the findings of the network study, which aims at documenting the comparative analysis of alternative solutions for providing regional interconnectivity between the Eastern Mediterranean countries and their linking to Cyprus. The commercial use of any information contained in this document may require a license from the proprietor of that information. It is not guaranteed that use of the included information is free from risk and no liability for loss or damage suffered by any person using this information can be accepted. Copyright (c) Members of the LinkSCEEM Project. The LinkSCEEM (―Linking Scientific Computing in Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean‖) project is funded by the European Commission. For more information on the project please see the website http://www.linksceem.eu/ You are permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this document containing this copyright notice, but modifying this document is not allowed. You are permitted to copy this document in whole or in part into other documents if you attach the following reference to the copied elements: "Copyright (C) 2008. Members of the LinkSCEEM Project". The information contained in this document represents the views of the LinkSCEEM as of the date they are published. The LinkSCEEM does not guarantee that any information contained herein is error-free, or up to date. THE LinkSCEEM PROJECT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, BY PUBLISHING THIS DOCUMENT. Delivery Slip RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 2 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS Name Partner / Date Signature Work Package From Reviewed by Approved by Document Log Issue Date Comment Author 0.1 21/8/2008 Table of Contents Fotis Karayannis 0.2 27/10/2008 First draft Fotis Karayannis 0.3 28/10/2008 Inclusion of content in Section 4 Fotis Karayannis 0.4 5/02/2009 Contribution to Sections Yannis Mitsos, Tryfon Chiotis Total review and almost total 0.5 24/07/2009 Spiros Livieratos, Yannis Mitsos rewriting 0.6 21/12/2009 Final draft Spiros Livieratos, Yannis Mitsos Spiros Livieratos, Yannis Mitsos, 0.7 31/12/2009 Reviewed Final Draft Bruno Rostand, Alan O‘Cais RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 3 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 7 1.1 Purpose of the document 7 1.2 References 7 1.3 Document amendment procedure 7 1.4 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 8 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9 3 LINKSCEEM COMMUNITY NETWORKING NEEDS 11 4 REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY OPTIONS 13 4.1 Existing Submarine Cables 13 4.1.1 Cyprus-Syria 14 4.1.2 Cyprus-Lebanon 15 4.1.3 Cyprus-Jordan 16 4.1.4 Cyprus-Israel 17 4.1.5 Cyprus-Palestine 18 4.1.6 4.1.6 Cyprus-Egypt 18 4.1.7 Cyprus-Europe 19 4.1.8 Cyprus-Turkey 21 4.1.9 Syria-Lebanon (BERYTAR) 21 4.1.10 Syria-Egypt (ALETAR) 21 4.1.11 FLAG (FEA) 21 4.2 PLANNED Submarine Cables 23 4.2.1 HAWK 23 4.2.2 IMEWE 23 4.2.3 MENA 24 4.2.4 Other Relevant Announcements 24 4.3 Traditional Terrestrial Interconnectivity 26 4.4 Alternative optical Infrastructures 29 4.4.1 Jordan 30 4.4.2 Egypt 31 4.4.3 Syria 31 4.4.4 Lebanon 32 4.4.5 The Palestinian Authority 32 4.4.6 General remarks 33 4.5 GLORIAD 33 5 REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY COSTS 36 RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 4 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS 5.1 Bandwidth Procurement schemes and Competition Overview 36 5.1.1 Bandwidth Procurement 36 5.1.2 Competition Overview 36 5.2 Bandwidth Pricing – The EUMEDCONNECT Experience 37 5.2.1 Pricing Facts and Assumptions 39 5.2.2 Topologies 40 5.3 Comparative analysis 43 6 FUNDING AND POLITICAL ASPECTS 44 6.1 EC policy overview 44 6.1.1 The EU funding schemes 45 6.1.2 Mixing EU funding sources 45 6.1.3 How to identify and seize an opportunity for complementary funding 47 6.1.4 The checklist 48 6.2 Funding Opportunities 50 6.2.1 Instrument for pre-accession assistance (IPA) 50 6.2.2 Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) 50 6.2.3 The Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP) 51 6.2.4 European Investment Bank 51 6.2.5 World Bank 51 6.2.6 International Development Association (IDA) 51 6.2.7 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 51 6.2.8 U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) 51 6.2.9 European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) 52 6.3 European Neighbourhood Policy 52 6.3.1 Overview 52 6.3.2 Structure and implementation 57 6.3.3 Recommendations 64 6.4 INTERREG IVC 65 7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 68 APPENDIX : COUNTRY BRIEFS 72 1 Cyprus 72 2 Egypt 73 3 Jordan 74 4 Israel 75 5 Lebanon 76 6 Palestinian Authority 78 RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 5 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS 7 Turkey 78 RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 6 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT This document describes the findings of the network study, which aims at documenting the comparative analysis of alternative solutions for providing regional interconnection of the Eastern Mediterranean countries and their linking to Cyprus. In addition, it aims at investigating potential funding sources for the regional network, as well as interacting with the EUMEDCONNECT Mediterranean partners. In Section 2 an Executive Summary can be found presenting the main goals of the project in subject. Section 3 summarises the first findings with regards to the scientific communities needs per country as evaluated by WP2 (Assessment of needs), focusing on the identification of communities that would be requiring to use the CaSToRC facility and their networking needs. Section 4 presents the regional connectivity options mainly between Cyprus and the Middle East countries. Section 4 is structured so that the connectivity options are presented as follows: Submarine cables around Cyprus and in the region, traditional terrestrial connectivity, alternative optical infrastructures (fiber over power lines). Current connectivity costs are outlined in Section 5 as well as two indicative network scenarios. In Section 6 an overview of the potential funding sources and the related political aspects can be found, while in Section 7 the main conclusions and recommendations are presented. Country briefs are included in the Appendix. 1.2 REFERENCES [R1] Project LinkSCEEM– RI-222904– Annex I – Description of Work [R2] LinkSCEEM WP2 D3: ―Assessment report‖ [R3] The EUMEDCONNECT project www.eumedconnect.net [R4] CYTA, www.cytaglobal.com [R5] Pan Arab Network Study [R6] www.telegeography.com 1.3 DOCUMENT AMENDMENT PROCEDURE In case of omissions or mistakes the Project Manager of LinkSCEEM in consultation with the appropriate Work Package managers may alter this document, in which case a new version RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 7 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS will be uploaded to the LinkSCEEM website and possibly also be submitted to the European Commission. 1.4 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CREF-CyI The Cyprus Research and Educational Foundation (Cyprus Institute) CaSToRC Computation-based Science and Technology Research Centre EC European Commission EU European Union GA General Assembly; The LinkSCEEM governing body GRNET Greek Research and Technology Network; The Greek NREN HPC High Performance Computing; Computing at a high performance level at any given time; Often synonymous with Supercomputing ICT Information and Communication Technologies IUCC Inter University Computation Center, Israel; Israel‘s NREN NREN National Research and Education Network WP Work Package SARA Stichting Academisch Rekencentrum Amsterdam HIAST Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology JUNet Jordanian Universities Network RI-222904 © Members of the LinkSCEEM Project PUBLIC 8 NETWORK STUDY INITIAL FINDINGS 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The overarching objective of LinkSCEEM is to ensure that in its planning and early development phases the Computation-based Science and Technology Research Centre (CaSToRC) of the Cyprus Institute (CyI) develops strong anchors in both the European ICT infrastructure and the Eastern Mediterranean scientific community, and thereby helps to build scientific and technological bridges between Europe and the Middle East, thus narrowing the digital gap between the Eastern Mediterranean and the Western World. This has been achieved through the action of a consortium of European and US leaders in the fields of HPC and computational science, and of prominent Eastern Mediterranean research institutions, conducting studies, prospective work and outreach activities relevant to the future integration of CaSToRC in the EU HPC landscape, and to the achievement of its regional dimension. The need for improvement of the regional network connectivity is a central issue in ensuring transparent access to HPC resources and in allowing large datasets to be transferred to computing facilities where they can be analysed and processed. Thus, the execution of a feasibility study for the creation of a regional high-speed research network is deemed essential in the aim of interconnecting the Eastern Mediterranean countries with each other and with Cyprus. The following points are addressed in the present study: The exploration of several possible solutions for providing regional interconnection of the Middle East countries and their linking to Cyprus. The execution of a comparative analysis among the different solutions, addressing the major components of their feasibility, in particular in terms of technical, financial and political aspects. Coordination with the studies concerning the assessment of needs for computing resources, so as to maximise the impact of the network study, by bringing more emphasis on countries and areas where obvious major users can or do exist The investigation of potential funding sources for the regional network, in coordination with the local EUMEDCONNECT partners (mostly the NRENs in the region).
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