Bertrand Du Guesclin
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Late-Medieval France
Late-Medieval France: A Nation under Construction A study of French national identity formation and the emerging of national consciousness, before and during the Hundred Years War, 1200-1453 Job van den Broek MA History of Politics and Society Dr. Christian Wicke Utrecht University 22 June 2020 Word count: 13.738 2 “Ah! Doulce France! Amie, je te lairay briefment”1 -Attributed to Bertrand du Guesclin, 1380 Images on front page: The kings of France, England, Navarre and the duke of Burgundy (as Count of Charolais), as depicted in the Grand Armorial Équestre de la Toison d’Or, 1435- 1438. 1 Cuvelier in Charrière, volume 2, pp 320. ”Ah, sweet France, my friend, I must leave you very soon.” Translation my own. 2 3 Abstract Whether nations and nationalism are ancient or more recent phenomena is one of the core debates of nationalism studies. Since the 1980’s, modernism, claiming that nations are distinctively modern, has been the dominant view. In this thesis, I challenge this dominant view by doing an extensive case-study into late-medieval France, applying modernist definitions and approaches to a pre-modern era. France has by many regarded as one of the ‘founding fathers’ of the club of nations and has a long and rich history and thus makes a case-study for such an endeavour. I start with mapping the field of French identity formation in the thirteenth century, which mostly revolved around the royal court in Paris. With that established, I move on to the Hundred Years War and the consequences of this war for French identity. -
About Fanjeaux, France Perched on the Crest of a Hill in Southwestern
About Fanjeaux, France Perched on the crest of a hill in Southwestern France, Fanjeaux is a peaceful agricultural community that traces its origins back to the Romans. According to local legend, a Roman temple to Jupiter was located where the parish church now stands. Thus the name of the town proudly reflects its Roman heritage– Fanum (temple) Jovis (Jupiter). It is hard to imagine that this sleepy little town with only 900 inhabitants was a busy commercial and social center of 3,000 people during the time of Saint Dominic. When he arrived on foot with the Bishop of Osma in 1206, Fanjeaux’s narrow streets must have been filled with peddlers, pilgrims, farmers and even soldiers. The women would gather to wash their clothes on the stones at the edge of a spring where a washing place still stands today. The church we see today had not yet been built. According to the inscription on a stone on the south facing outer wall, the church was constructed between 1278 and 1281, after Saint Dominic’s death. You should take a walk to see the church after dark when its octagonal bell tower and stone spire, crowned with an orb, are illuminated by warm orange lights. This thick-walled, rectangular stone church is an example of the local Romanesque style and has an early Gothic front portal or door (the rounded Romanesque arch is slightly pointed at the top). The interior of the church was modernized in the 18th century and is Baroque in style, but the church still houses unusual reliquaries and statues from the 13th through 16th centuries. -
Competing Images of Pedro I: López De Ayala and the Formation of Historical Memory
Competing Images Of Pedro I: López De Ayala And The Formation Of Historical Memory Bretton Rodriguez La corónica: A Journal of Medieval Hispanic Languages, Literatures, and Cultures, Volume 45, Number 2, Spring 2017, pp. 79-108 (Article) Published by La corónica: A Journal of Medieval Hispanic Languages, Literatures, and Cultures DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/cor.2017.0005 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/669500 [ Access provided at 2 Oct 2021 01:14 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] COMPETING IMAGES OF PEDRO I: LÓPEZ DE AYALA AND THE FORMATION OF HISTORICAL MEMORY. Bretton Rodriguez UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO Abstract: This article explores how Pero López de Ayala crafted the historical memory of Pedro I. By depicting him as a cruel tyrant, Ayala justified his deposition and murder at the hands of his half-brother, Enrique II, and he shaped the way that Pedro would be remembered by future generations. In the years following Pedro’s death, numerous authors composed narratives that promoted competing images of the deposed king. These narratives were influenced by the continuing conflict between Pedro’s descendants and Enrique’s new dynasty, and they frequently supported specific political positions. By examining Ayala’s depiction of four key moments from Pedro’s reign against those of his contemporaries, this article places his narrative within its larger historical and literary context, highlights some of the ways that political concerns shaped his account, and also provides insight into how he was able to successfully promote his image of the former king. LA CORÓNICA 45.2 SPRING 2017 79-108 RODRIGUEZ LA CORÓNICA 45.2, 2017 The tumultuous life and violent death of Pedro I of Castile (r. -
Determining the Classification of Vine Varieties Has Become Difficult to Understand Because of the Large Whereas Article 31
31 . 12 . 81 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 381 / 1 I (Acts whose publication is obligatory) COMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC) No 3800/81 of 16 December 1981 determining the classification of vine varieties THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Whereas Commission Regulation ( EEC) No 2005/ 70 ( 4), as last amended by Regulation ( EEC) No 591 /80 ( 5), sets out the classification of vine varieties ; Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, Whereas the classification of vine varieties should be substantially altered for a large number of administrative units, on the basis of experience and of studies concerning suitability for cultivation; . Having regard to Council Regulation ( EEC) No 337/79 of 5 February 1979 on the common organization of the Whereas the provisions of Regulation ( EEC) market in wine C1), as last amended by Regulation No 2005/70 have been amended several times since its ( EEC) No 3577/81 ( 2), and in particular Article 31 ( 4) thereof, adoption ; whereas the wording of the said Regulation has become difficult to understand because of the large number of amendments ; whereas account must be taken of the consolidation of Regulations ( EEC) No Whereas Article 31 of Regulation ( EEC) No 337/79 816/70 ( 6) and ( EEC) No 1388/70 ( 7) in Regulations provides for the classification of vine varieties approved ( EEC) No 337/79 and ( EEC) No 347/79 ; whereas, in for cultivation in the Community ; whereas those vine view of this situation, Regulation ( EEC) No 2005/70 varieties -
Authority, Reputation, and the Roles of Jeanne De Penthièvre in Book I of Froissart's Chroniques Journal of Medieval History
Authority, reputation, and the roles of Jeanne de Penthièvre in Book I of Froissart’s Chroniques Journal of Medieval History (forthcoming 2019: accepted manuscript) Erika Graham-Goering Department of History, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Abstract: This article examines how a medieval noblewoman’s positive reputation could be framed through different aspects of seigneurial power using a case study of Jeanne de Penthièvre and her war for the duchy of Brittany. Froissart wrote about Jeanne in the three main redactions of the first book of his Chroniques. However, he focused in the Amiens manuscript on her position as an heiress and the object of her followers’ loyalty, while the B text largely reduced her prominence but planted the seeds for the active military role Jeanne assumed in the Rome redaction. Such changes did not move strictly between more- or less- accurate reports, but engaged with different tropes that had also featured in the official portrayals of Jeanne during her lifetime. These parallel constructions of reputation reveal a plasticity to models of lordly authority even in rhetorical contexts more usually associated with formulaic and conventional representations of elite society. Article History: Received 16 May 2018. Accepted 5 July 2018. Keywords: Froissart, chronicle, reputation, rhetoric, Brittany, Jeanne de Penthievre, medieval women, lordship Rehabilitating the reputations of politically-active medieval women has meant that, in the past few decades, a growing body of scholarship has turned a much-needed critical eye to the process by which social mores, political interests, and iconic narratives could combine to create the ‘black legends’ that frequently transformed more-or-less typical noblewomen, and especially queens, into immoral caricatures. -
Sarah L. Peverley a Tretis Compiled out of Diverse Cronicles (1440): A
Sarah L. Peverley A Tretis Compiled out of Diverse Cronicles (1440): A Study and Edition of the Short English Prose Chronicle Extant in London, British Library, Additional 34,764 Sarah L. Peverley Introduction The short English prose chronicle extant in London, British Library, MS Additional 34,764 has never been edited or received any serious critical attention.1 Styled as ‘a tretis compiled oute of diuerse cronicles’ (hereafter Tretis), the text was completed in ‘the xviij yere’ of King Henry VI of England (1439–1440) by an anonymous author with an interest in, and likely connection with, Cheshire. Scholars’ neglect of the Tretis to date is largely attributable to the fact that it has been described as a ‘brief and unimportant’ account of English history, comprising a genealogy of the English kings derived from Aelred of Rievalux’s Genealogia regum Anglorum and a description of England abridged from Book One of Ranulph Higden’s Polychronicon.2 While the author does utilize these works, parts of the Tretis are nevertheless drawn from other sources and the combination of the materials is more sophisticated than has hitherto been acknowledged. Beyond the content of the Tretis, the manuscript containing it also needs reviewing. As well as being the only manuscript in which the Tretis has been identified to date, Additional 34,764 was once part of a (now disassembled) fifteenth- century miscellany produced in the Midlands circa 1475. The miscellany was 1 To date, the only scholar to pay attention to the nature of the text is Edward Donald Kennedy, who wrote two short entries on the chronicle (Kennedy 1989: 2665-2666, 2880-2881; 2010: 1). -
Archives De La Guerre Et De L'armée De Terre
Listes des documents d'archives conservés par le Service historique de la Défense (SHD), numérisés et consultables sans réservation, sur les postes informatiques de la salle des références (SHD - château de Vincennes - pavillon du Roi) Archives de la Guerre et de l'armée de Terre Correspondances de la Guerre, Ancien Régime (série GR A) Intitulés Cotes Observations Côtes de Flandre, d'Artois, de Picardie, de Normandie, de Bretagne, de Poitou, GR 1 A 3533 d'Aunis, de Saintonge, de Guyenne, de Languedoc et de Provence (mai-juin 1759) Côtes de Flandre, d'Artois, de Picardie, de Normandie, de Bretagne, de Poitou, GR 1 A 3534 d'Aunis, de Saintonge, de Guyenne, de Languedoc et de Provence (juillet 1759) Côtes de Flandre, d'Artois, de Picardie, de Normandie, de Bretagne, de Poitou, GR 1 A 3535 d'Aunis, de Saintonge, de Guyenne, de Languedoc et de Provence (aout 1759) Côtes de Flandre, d'Artois, de Picardie, de Normandie, de Bretagne, de Poitou, GR 1 A 3536 d'Aunis, de Saintonge, de Guyenne, de Languedoc et de Provence (septembre 1759) Côtes de Flandre, d'Artois, de Picardie, de Normandie, de Bretagne, de Poitou, GR 1 A 3537 d'Aunis, de Saintonge, de Guyenne, de Languedoc et de Provence (octobre 1759) Hôtel des Invalides (série GR XY) Les registres des Invalides sont également en cours de retranscription sur le site Intitulés Cotes internet www.hoteldes invalides.org Registres de réception des officiers, bas-officiers et soldats GR 2 XY 12, 25, 27 à 37, 47 06/05/1694- 26/12 1697 Registres de réception des officiers, bas-officiers et soldats GR -
Louis, Et Duc Louisdebourbon, Tantqu’Ilvécut”
Campagne artistique sur Louis II Une idée originale validée par le Conseil d'Administration, qui nous fut proposée par M. Paul Saccard du musée de Souvigny : demander aux artistes locaux (peintres, sculpteurs, graveurs, verriers,…) de réaliser une ou des œuvres sur, ou autour de Louis II. Reproduction de portrait, ou création d'œuvre représentant Louis II, reproduction de bâtiment ou monument (où Louis II a laissé son empreinte). Cette campagne serait en vue d'organiser en 2010 une exposition itinérante dans le Bourbonnais. Louis II et les communes Bourbonnaises HÉRISSON / BELLEPERCHE (BAGNEUX) Lorsque le duc Louis II de Bourbon arrive au pouvoir en 1356, A son tour, il y fut contre assiégé par une armée de secours c’est après la mort de son père, à la bataille de Poitiers où le roi anglaise de 3000 à 4000 hommes, à laquelle il tint tête avec 800 de France, Jean le Bon, est fait prisonnier par les Anglais. Le hommes, remportant le premier succès français après près de jeune prince n’a que 19 ans, mais il va révéler dès son jeune âge quinze ans d’échecs. Ce prince, avec Bertrand du Guesclin et de formidables dispositions à mener les hommes, un sens de la Louis de Sancerre, est des principaux artisans de la reconquête de guerre, un idéal chevaleresque et un humanisme qui en feront une la Guyenne sur les Anglais. figure de légende de son vivant. La chronique de Louis II rapporte que “le chastel de Hériçon A cette époque, les Gascons de la famille d’Albret et de ses moult amenda”. -
Chapter 1: Introduction
AN ANALYSIS OF THE 1875-1877 SCARLET FEVER EPIDEMIC OF CAPE BRETON ISLAND, NOVA SCOTIA ___________________________________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia ___________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy ___________________________________________________________ by JOSEPH MACLEAN PARISH Dr. Lisa Sattenspiel, Dissertation Supervisor DECEMBER 2004 © Copyright by Joseph MacLean Parish 2004 All Rights Reserved Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to the people of Cape Breton and in particular the people of Chéticamp, both past and present. Your enduring spirits, your pioneering efforts and your selfless approach to life stand out amongst all peoples. Without these qualities in you and your ancestors, none of this would have been possible. Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my fiancée Demmarest who has been a constant source of support throughout the process of creating this dissertation and endured my stress with me every step of the way. I will never forget your patience and selflessness. My mother Ginny was a steady source of encouragement and strength since my arrival in Missouri so shortly after the passing of my father. Your love knows no bounds mom. I would also like to thank my close friends who have believed in me throughout my entire academic “career” and supported my choices including, in no particular order, Mickey ‘G’, Alexis Dolphin, Rhonda Bathurst, Michael Pierce, Jason Organ and Ahmed Abu-Dalou. I owe special thanks to my aunt and uncle, Muriel and Earl “Curly” Gray of Sydney, Nova Scotia, and my cousins Wallace, Carole, Crystal and Michelle AuCoin and Auguste Deveaux of Chéticamp, Nova Scotia for being my gracious hosts numerous times throughout the years of my research. -
Heterodoxy and Anti-Clericalism in Languedoc
THE WRONG SORT OF MENTOR: HETERODOXY AND ANTI-CLERICALISM IN LANGUEDOC David Blanks On 19 March 1317, at the age of 37, Jacques Fournier became the third Bishop of Pamiers, a newly created diocese south of Toulouse that comprised what is today the eastern half of the Department of Ariège and what was then the County of Foix. Fournier was born in the Ariège, near Saverdun, and later educated in Paris, where he earned his doctorate in theology. He began his ecclesiastical career at the abbey of Boulbonne, eventually transferring to Fontfroide, where he was made abbot in 1311.1 In Pamiers, Fournier proved himself to be a conscientious adminis- trator, touring his diocese in a systematic fashion. He was the first to do so. His predecessors had embroiled themselves in temporal affairs, and it was left to the new bishop both to extirpate the heresy that still lin- gered in the mountains and to make sure that the shepherds and farm- ers of this backwater section of the eastern Pyrenees were taught cor- rect doctrine and correct practice. It is thanks in large part to the metic- ulous records that he kept that scholars have been able to re-construct the social history of the area; however—outside of the excellent work that has been done on Catharism2—little has been written about other unorthodox religious beliefs. In fact, ant-clericalism and unsanctioned opinions were widespread, and it begs the question: Who was minding the parishes? It is perhaps surprising that as late as the first half of the fourteenth century there were still areas of southern Europe that lacked effec- tive clerical oversight, especially in the wake of the French conquests, 1 On the life and career of Jacques Fournier, see Jean-Marie Vidal, Histoire des évêques de Pamiers-II: quatorzième et quinzième siècles (1312–1467) (Castillon (Ariège), 1932), pp. -
The Power of the Popes
THE POWER OF THE POPES is eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at hp://www.gutenberg.org/license. Title: e Power Of e Popes Author: Pierre Claude François Daunou Release Date: Mar , [EBook #] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF- *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE POWER OF THE POPES*** Produced by David Widger. ii THE POWER OF THE POPES By Pierre Claude François Daunou AN HISTORICAL ESSAY ON THEIR TEMPORAL DOMINION, AND THE ABUSE OF THEIR SPIRITUAL AUTHORITY Two Volumes in One CONTENTS TRANSLATORS PREFACE ADVERTISEMENT TO THE THIRD EDITION, ORIGINAL CHAPTER I. ORIGIN OF THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE POPES CHAPTER II. ENTERPRIZES OF THE POPES OF THE NINTH CENTURY CHAPTER III. TENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IV. ENTERPRISES OF THE POPES OF THE ELEVENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER V. CONTESTS BETWEEN THE POPES AND THE SOVEREIGNS OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY CHAPTER VI. POWER OF THE POPES OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VII. FOURTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VIII. FIFTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IX. POLICY OF THE POPES OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER X. ATTEMPTS OF THE POPES OF THE SEVENTEENTH CEN- TURY CHAPTER XII. RECAPITULATION CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE ENDNOTES AND iv TO THE REV. RICHARD T. P. POPE, AT WHOSE SUGGESTION IT WAS UNDERTAKEN, THIS TRANSLATION OF THE PAPAL POWER IS INSCRIBED, AS A SMALL TRIBUTE OF RESPET AND REGARD BY HIS AFFECTIONATE FRIEND, THE TRANSLATOR. TRANSLATORS PREFACE HE Work of whi the following is a translation, had its origin in the trans- T actions whi took place between Pius VII. -
Deschamps, Brinton, Langland, and the Hundred Years'
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette English Faculty Research and Publications English, Department of 1-1-2016 ‘But Who Will Bell the Cat?’: Deschamps, Brinton, Langland, and the Hundred Years’ War Elizaveta Strakhov Marquette University, [email protected] Accepted version. Yearbook of Langland Studies, Vol. 30 (2016): 253-276. DOI. © 2016 Brepols Publishers. Used with permission. ‘But Who Will Bell the Cat?’: Deschamps, Brinton, Langland, and the Hundred Years War Elizaveta Strakhov Surprisingly little work has been done on William Langland and contemporary responses to the Hundred Years War: surprising not in the least because this war was a dominant international political conflict over the course of the poet’s lifetime and because Langland openly references the famous Treaty of Brétigny in the continuation of the Meed episode in Passus III. In that passus, Meed invokes the Treaty as part of her defense of meed, and its centrality to good administrative rule, before the king at Westminster. She accuses Conscience of having demurred from battle for fear of a ‘dym cloude’ (B. 3. 193), which has been understood as a topical allusion to the so-called ‘Black Monday’ storm that beset Edward III’s troops at Chartres on April 13, 1360, just before the signing of the Treaty of Brétigny, much remarked upon by contemporary chroniclers.1 Meed goes on to accuse Conscience of having persuaded the king ‘to leven his lordshipe for a litel silver’ (B. 3. 207) and, far more unambiguously in the C-text, of having counseled him ‘to leten | In his enemyes handes his heritage of Fraunce’ (C.