Kangaroo Articles
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Ecology of the Koala, Phascolarctos Cinereus
I give eonsent to this eopy of ny thesis, r,,rhen d.eposited. in the Universit.y Library, being avail-abl-e 1'or loan and. photocopying. Date . ?! ÛP,"+ .13:r.o.. S igned. CONTENTS SUM MA RY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS lil INTRODUCTION I PA,RT I FIELD STUDIES INTRODUCTION O.l Kongoroo lslqnd B O.2 Floro ond Founo il 0.3 Philpott's Study l3 O.4 Methods t5 0.5 Results 25 I THE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUN DANCE OF KOALAS I. I The Distribution of Koalos 29 | .2 The Abundonce of Koo lqs 34 2 BREEDING, GROWTH AND DEVELOPA,\E¡.¡T 2.1 Breeding 39 2.2 Pouch Young 40 2.3 Growth, Ageing ond LongevitY 49 2.4 Sexucrl Moturity 54 I SUMMARY The distribution of koalas u'ithin Flinders Chase was fou-nd to be made up of areas centred on the occurrences of manna guilr , Euca.ly¡rtus viminalis. Some koalas br:owsed chiefly iri trees of other species but tlrere liÌere ferv animals, if any, that clid not feed on the foliage of E. r'iminalis rnore or less regularly. The composition of populations in sever¿rl sürcly areas changed from üirne to time but over aE long as three successir¡e years of observat:lorr the numhers remained ::emarkably constant. The koalas bred in the surnmer: arrd early auturnn, and a high proporüon of feinales successfully raised a single young to independence each year. Growth of the yourìg was :lapid over the first Lhree yearr!; it slowed. down thereafter and anirnals reached firll size in tlieir fourth and fiffh years. -
Energetics and Biomechanics of Locomotion by Red Kangaroos (Macropus Rufus)
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 120 (1998) 41–49 Review Energetics and biomechanics of locomotion by red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) Rodger Kram a,*, Terence J. Dawson b a Department of Integrati6e Biology, Uni6ersity of California, Berkeley CA 94720-3140, USA b School of Biological Sciences, Uni6ersity of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia Received 15 May 1997; received in revised form 22 September 1997; accepted 7 October 1997 Abstract As red kangaroos hop faster over level ground, their rate of oxygen consumption (indicating metabolic energy consumption) remains nearly the same. This phenomenon has been attributed to exceptional elastic energy storage and recovery via long compliant tendons in the legs. Alternatively, red kangaroos may have exceptionally efficient muscles. To estimate efficiency, we measured the metabolic cost of uphill hopping, where muscle fibers must perform mechanical work against gravity. We found that −1 uphill hopping was much more expensive than level hopping. The maximal rate of oxygen consumption measured (3 ml O2 kg s−1) exceeds all but a few vertebrate species. However, efficiency values were normal, 30%. At faster level hopping speeds the effective mechanical advantage of the extensor muscles of the ankle joint remained the same. Thus, kangaroos generate the same muscular force at all speeds but do so more rapidly at faster hopping speeds. This contradicts a recent hypothesis for what sets the cost of locomotion. The cost of transport (J kg−1 m−1) decreases at faster hopping speeds, yet red kangaroos prefer to use relatively slow speeds that avoid high levels of tendon stress. © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. -
Platypus Collins, L.R
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALS BIOLOGY AND CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Stephen Jackson © CSIRO 2003 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Jackson, Stephen M. Australian mammals: Biology and captive management Bibliography. ISBN 0 643 06635 7. 1. Mammals – Australia. 2. Captive mammals. I. Title. 599.0994 Available from CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Cover photos courtesy Stephen Jackson, Esther Beaton and Nick Alexander Set in Minion and Optima Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Desktop Concepts Pty Ltd Printed in Australia by Ligare REFERENCES reserved. Chapter 1 – Platypus Collins, L.R. (1973) Monotremes and Marsupials: A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Institution Press, rights Austin, M.A. (1997) A Practical Guide to the Successful Washington. All Handrearing of Tasmanian Marsupials. Regal Publications, Collins, G.H., Whittington, R.J. & Canfield, P.J. (1986) Melbourne. Theileria ornithorhynchi Mackerras, 1959 in the platypus, 2003. Beaven, M. (1997) Hand rearing of a juvenile platypus. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw). Journal of Wildlife Proceedings of the ASZK/ARAZPA Conference. 16–20 March. -
Exotic to Australia
Fact sheet Introductory statement Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral vesicular disease of cloven hoofed animals. It is a major issue in international trade in livestock and livestock products. Australia is free of the disease and it is vital that it remains so. The 2001 outbreak in the United Kingdom resulted in over 10 million cattle and sheep being slaughtered at a cost of over GBP 8 billion in order to eradicate the disease. This fact sheet summarises what is known about FMD and Australian native wildlife. WHA also manages an fact sheet that briefly summarises information on FMD and feral animals “Foot and Mouth Disease (General Information)”. Aetiology and natural hosts FMD is caused by an aphthovirus belonging to the family Picornaviridae. It is a single stranded non enveloped 25 nm RNA virus. There are seven serotypes: A, O, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3, and Asia 1. All cloven hoofed animals are considered susceptible. Cases have also been reported in elephants, hedgehogs and some rodents. World distribution and occurrences in Australia FMD is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and parts of South America. The disease has almost been eradicated from Europe with the most recent cases occurring in the United Kingdom and Cyprus in 2007. FMD has not occurred in Australia for over 130 years, and then only in livestock. Minor outbreaks occurred in 1801, 1804, 1871 and 1872 (Geering et al 1995). However, a case was reported in an eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) held in a zoo in India (Bhattacharya et al 2003). -
The Kangaroo Island Tammar Wallaby
The Kangaroo Island Tammar Wallaby Assessing ecologically sustainable commercial harvesting A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation by Margaret Wright and Phillip Stott University of Adelaide March 1999 RIRDC Publication No 98/114 RIRDC Project No. UA-40A © 1999 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 0 642 57879 6 ISSN 1440-6845 "The Kangaroo Island Tammar Wallaby - Assessing ecologically sustainable commercial harvesting " Publication No: 98/114 Project No: UA-40A The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. This publication is copyright. However, RIRDC encourages wide dissemination of its research, providing the Corporation is clearly acknowledged. For any other enquiries concerning reproduction, contact the Publications Manager on phone 02 6272 3186. Researcher Contact Details Margaret Wright & Philip Stott Department of Environmental Science and Management University of Adelaide ROSEWORTHY SA 5371 Phone: 08 8303 7838 Fax: 08 8303 7956 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Website: http://www.roseworthy.adelaide.edu.au/ESM/ RIRDC Contact Details Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 1, AMA House 42 Macquarie Street BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 Phone: 02 6272 4539 Fax: 02 6272 5877 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.rirdc.gov.au Published in March 1999 Printed on environmentally friendly paper by Canprint ii Foreword The Tammar Wallaby on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, is currently managed as a vertebrate pest. -
Mammals of the Avon Region
Mammals of the Avon Region By Mandy Bamford, Rowan Inglis and Katie Watson Foreword by Dr. Tony Friend R N V E M E O N G T E O H F T W A E I S L T A E R R N A U S T 1 2 Contents Foreword 6 Introduction 8 Fauna conservation rankings 25 Species name Common name Family Status Page Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked echidna Tachyglossidae not listed 28 Dasyurus geoffroii Chuditch Dasyuridae vulnerable 30 Phascogale calura Red-tailed phascogale Dasyuridae endangered 32 phascogale tapoatafa Brush-tailed phascogale Dasyuridae vulnerable 34 Ningaui yvonnae Southern ningaui Dasyuridae not listed 36 Antechinomys laniger Kultarr Dasyuridae not listed 38 Sminthopsis crassicaudata Fat-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 40 Sminthopsis dolichura Little long-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 42 Sminthopsis gilberti Gilbert’s dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 44 Sminthopsis granulipes White-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 46 Myrmecobius fasciatus Numbat Myrmecobiidae vulnerable 48 Chaeropus ecaudatus Pig-footed bandicoot Peramelinae presumed extinct 50 Isoodon obesulus Quenda Peramelinae priority 5 52 Species name Common name Family Status Page Perameles bougainville Western-barred bandicoot Peramelinae endangered 54 Macrotis lagotis Bilby Peramelinae vulnerable 56 Cercartetus concinnus Western pygmy possum Burramyidae not listed 58 Tarsipes rostratus Honey possum Tarsipedoidea not listed 60 Trichosurus vulpecula Common brushtail possum Phalangeridae not listed 62 Bettongia lesueur Burrowing bettong Potoroidae vulnerable 64 Potorous platyops Broad-faced -
On the Evolution of Kangaroos and Their Kin (Family Macropodidae) Using Retrotransposons, Nuclear Genes and Whole Mitochondrial Genomes
ON THE EVOLUTION OF KANGAROOS AND THEIR KIN (FAMILY MACROPODIDAE) USING RETROTRANSPOSONS, NUCLEAR GENES AND WHOLE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES William George Dodt B.Sc. (Biochemistry), B.Sc. Hons (Molecular Biology) Principal Supervisor: Dr Matthew J Phillips (EEBS, QUT) Associate Supervisor: Dr Peter Prentis (EEBS, QUT) External Supervisor: Dr Maria Nilsson-Janke (Senckenberg Biodiversity and Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology 2018 1 Keywords Adaptive radiation, ancestral state reconstruction, Australasia, Bayesian inference, endogenous retrovirus, evolution, hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting, incongruence, introgression, kangaroo, Macropodidae, Macropus, mammal, marsupial, maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, molecular dating, phylogenetics, retrotransposon, speciation, systematics, transposable element 2 Abstract The family Macropodidae contains the kangaroos, wallaroos, wallabies and several closely related taxa that occupy a wide variety of habitats in Australia, New Guinea and surrounding islands. This group of marsupials is the most species rich family within the marsupial order Diprotodontia. Despite significant investigation from previous studies, much of the evolutionary history of macropodids (including their origin within Diprotodontia) has remained unclear, in part due to an incomplete early fossil record. I have utilized several forms of molecular sequence data to shed -
Australian Marsupial Species Identification
Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 3 (2011) e543–e544 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/FSIGSS Australian marsupial species identification a, b,e c,d d d Linzi Wilson-Wilde *, Janette Norman , James Robertson , Stephen Sarre , Arthur Georges a ANZPAA National Institute of Forensic Science, Victoria, Australia b Museum Victoria, Victoria, Australia c Australian Federal Police, Australian Capital Territory, Australia d University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia e Melbourne University, Victoria, Australia A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Wildlife crime, the illegal trade in animals and animal products, is a growing concern and valued at up to Received 10 October 2011 US$20 billion globally per year. Australia is often targeted for its unique fauna, proximity to South East Accepted 10 October 2011 Asia and porous borders. Marsupials of the order Diprotodontia (including koala, wombats, possums, gliders, kangaroos) are sometimes targeted for their skin, meat and for the pet trade. However, species Keywords: identification for forensic purposes must be underpinned by robust phylogenetic information. A Species identification Diprotodont phylogeny containing a large number of taxa generated from nuclear and mitochondrial Forensic data has not yet been constructed. Here the mitochondrial (COI and ND2) and nuclear markers (APOB, DNA IRBP and GAPD) are combined to create a more robust phylogeny to underpin a species identification COI Barcoding method for the marsupial order Diprotodontia. Mitochondrial markers were combined with nuclear Diprotodontia markers to amplify 27 genera of Diprotodontia. -
17 Croft & Leiper
ASSESSMENT OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL TOURISM BASED ON WILD KANGAROOS By David B Croft and Neil Leiper WILDLIFE TOURISM RESEARCH REPORT SERIES: NO. 17 RESEARCH REPORT SERIES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The primary aim of CRC Tourism’s research report series is technology transfer. The reports are targeted toward both industry and government users and tourism Objectives researchers. The content of this technical report series primarily focuses on applications, but may also advance research methodology and tourism theory. The report series titles relate to CRC Tourism’s research program areas. All research The first objective of this study was to identify various places in reports are peer reviewed by at least two external reviewers. For further information Australia where tourists can have direct experiences of macropods in on the report series, access the CRC website, [www.crctourism.com.au]. a natural habitat, and to assess the likely quality of such an experience. This was achieved by formal inquiry from wildlife Wildlife Tourism Report Series, Editor: Dr Karen Higginbottom researchers and managers with an interest in the kangaroo family, and This series presents research findings from projects within the Wildlife Tourism through analysis of the distribution and biology of species. This part Subprogram of the CRC. The Subprogram aims to provide strategic knowledge to of the study identified 16 important sites in New South Wales, facilitate the sustainable development of wildlife tourism in Australia. Queensland and Victoria for assessment of the feasibility of kangaroo- based tourism. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data The second objective was to review this set of sites for developing Croft, David B. -
FIELDIANA Geology
FIELDIANA Geology Publistied by Field Museum of Natural History New Series, No. 8 THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF MARSUPIALIA LARRY G.MARSHALL •.981 UBRARY FIELD m^cim July 20, 1981 Publication 1320 THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF MARSUPIALIA FIELDIANA Geology Published by Field Museum of Natural History New Series, No. 8 THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF MARSUPIALIA LARRY G.MARSHALL Assistant Curator of Fossil Mammals DqMirtment of Geology Field Museum of Natural History Accepted for publication August 6, 1979 July 20, 1981 Publication 1320 Library of Congress Catalog No.: 81-65225 ISSN 0096-2651 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS Part A 1 i^4troduc^on 1 Review of History and Development of Marsupial Systematics 1 Part B 19 Detailed Classification of Families and Genera of Marsupialia 19 I. New World and European Marsupialia 19 Fam. Didelphidae 19 Subfam. Dideiphinae 19 Subfam. Caluromyinae 21 *Subfam. Glasbiinae 21 *Subfam. Caroloameghiniinae 21 •Fam. Sparassocynidae 21 •Fam. Pediomyidae 21 Fam. Microbiotheriidae 21 •Fam. Stagodonddae 22 •Fam. Borhyaenidae 22 •Subfam. Hathlyacyninae 22 •Subfam. Borhyaeninae 23 •Subfam. Prothylacyninae 23 •Subfam. Proborhyaeninae 23 •Fam. Thylacosmilidae 23 •Fam. Argyrolagidae 24 Fam. Caenolesddae 24 Subfam. Caenolestinae 24 Tribe Caenolestini 24 •Tribe Pichipilini 24 •Subfam. Palaeothentinae 24 •Subfam. Abderitinae 25 •Tribe Parabderitini 25 •Tribe Abderitini 25 •Fam. Polydolopidae 25 •Fam. Groeberiidae 25 Marsupialia incertae sedis 25 Marsupialia(?) 25 II. Australasian Marsupialia 26 Fam. Dasyuridae 26 Subfam. Dasyurinae 26 Tribe Dasyurini 26 Tribe Sarcophilini 26 Fam. Myrmecobiidae 27 •Fam. Thylacinidae 27 Fam. Peramelidae 27 Fam. Thylacomyidae 27 Fam. Notoryctidae 27 Fam. Phalangeridae 27 Subfam. Phalangerinae 27 Subfam. Trichosurinae 28 •Fam. -
Leishmania in Marsupials—An Overview of Infection Records in the Americas and Australia
Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2017, 7, 315-343 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojas ISSN Online: 2161-7627 ISSN Print: 2161-7597 Leishmania in Marsupials—An Overview of Infection Records in the Americas and Australia João Carlos Araujo Carreira1*, Mônica de Avelar Figueiredo Mafra Magalhães2, Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil3, Alba Valéria Machado da Silva1 1INERU/IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2ICICT, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil How to cite this paper: Carreira, J.C.A., de Abstract A.F.M. Magalhães, M., Brazil, R.P. and da Silva, A.V.M. (2017) Leishmania in Marsu- Marsupials have been the subjects of studies of both experimental and natural pials—An Overview of Infection Records in infections with different species of Leishmania in the Americas as well as the Americas and Australia. Open Journal Australia. Over a century has passed since the first description of a mammal of Animal Sciences, 7, 315-343. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2017.73025 being infected with Leishmania and since then several reviews have been pub- lished on the systematics of the parasites as well as their hosts. Consequently, Received: February 28, 2017 an update of this information is needed in order to assure correct identifica- Accepted: July 18, 2017 tion of the species involved in each case. A comprehensive review was under- Published: July 21, 2017 taken and included most of the records of marsupials being infected with Copyright © 2017 by authors and Leishmania sp. Emphasis was placed on parasitological, eco epidemiological Scientific Research Publishing Inc. and taxonomic information of both the parasites and mammalian hosts. -
2014 Annual Reports of the Trustees, Standing Committees, Affiliates, and Ombudspersons
American Society of Mammalogists Annual Reports of the Trustees, Standing Committees, Affiliates, and Ombudspersons 94th Annual Meeting Renaissance Convention Center Hotel Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 6-10 June 2014 1 Table of Contents I. Secretary-Treasurers Report ....................................................................................................... 3 II. ASM Board of Trustees ............................................................................................................ 10 III. Standing Committees .............................................................................................................. 12 Animal Care and Use Committee .......................................................................... 12 Archives Committee ............................................................................................... 14 Checklist Committee .............................................................................................. 15 Conservation Committee ....................................................................................... 17 Conservation Awards Committee .......................................................................... 18 Coordination Committee ....................................................................................... 19 Development Committee ........................................................................................ 20 Education and Graduate Students Committee ....................................................... 22 Grants-in-Aid Committee