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Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references] Aalenian shales, 105 plutons, 83 Caspian Sea, 107 Aar massif, 97, 103 Austria, 99, 102, 104 Cassiar orogeny, 65 Acadian orogeny, 170 Austroalpine nappes, 101, 102, 103, Catalan chain, 123 Acceglio zone, 102 104, 107 Catface River, 56 accretionary wedges, formation of, Avers Bündnerschiefer, 99 Cenomanian, 40, 99 161 Avers metabasalts, 101 Cenozoic, 33, 39, 42, 48, 55, 133, Aconaquan basin, 40 134, 155, 170, 202 Admirality-Revillagigedo belt, 71 Baranoff Island, 56, 74, 77 Central Andes, tectonics, 31 Adriatic Sea, 184 Barbados wedge, 166 Central Mountains, Taiwan, 172 Adula nappe, 99, 101, 102, 103, 107 Barremian time, 42, 95 Cerro Aconcagua, 48 Africa, 122, 123, 124 Basin and Range Province, 134, 135, Cerro Penitentes, 46, 48 Africa Plate, 93, 118, 124 155, 197, 202 Chacatono-Loteniano sedimentary African margin, 111, 119 Bavaria, 99 cycle, 40 Akaitcho Group, 2, 4, 16, 23, 24 Bay of Bengal, 123 Chambers Well dike swarm, 148, Alaska, magmatism, 56 Bear Creek foreland basin, 14 154, 155 Alberta, 79 Bear Creek Hills thrust-fold belt, 26 Chanic movements, 33, 34 Albian time, 71, 95 Beni Bousera peridotites, 95, 96 Chasiquense beds, La Pilona, 48 Alborin platform, 93, 94, 95, 96 Benioff Zone, 42, 48, 50, 51, 79 Chemehuevi fault, 148, 153 Aleutian wedge, Gulf of Alaska, 166 Big Maria Mountains, 138 Chemehuevi Mountains, California, Alexander Terrane, 55, 65, 69, 77, Bohemian Massif, 123 139, 140, 144 79, 83 Bonanza Volcanics, 69 Chiavenna zone, 99, 101, 106 Algeria, 95 Bositra shales, 95, 104, 105 Chilenia, 31, 34, 35, 38, 39 Alpine belt, formation of, 111 Bowser Basin, 69, 71 Chinese continental margin, 172 Alpine front, 126 Brasilian orogenic cycle, 34 Churchill Province, 27 Alps, 93, 120, 121, 123, 125, 129, Brianfonnais rise, 94, 97, 99, 101, Circum-Pacific Mobile belt, 55, 56, 170, 185, 187, 201 102, 103, 106 87 Alpujarrides-Sebtides, 95 Bridge River, 69, 77, 85 Cloos nappe, 16 Amer thrust-fold belt, 27 British Columbia, 55 Coast Mountains, 65, 71, 170 Andalusia, 95 Buck Mountains, 138 Coast Plutonic Belt, 56, 71, 77, 79. Andean Cordillera, 31 Buckskin Mountains, 148 See also Coast Plutonic Complex Andean orogenic cycle, 31, 33, 39, Biikk hills, Hungary, 93 Coast Plutonic Complex, 56, 59, 60, 42, 51 Bulkley Suite, 71 69, 71, 74, 77, 79, 83, 85 Andes, 31, 71, 170, 179, 181, 184, Bullard fault, 154 Coastal Cordillera, 33, 34, 35, 37 187, 195, 197, 199, 200, 201, Bünden schist, 99 Cocos plate, 50 202 Bündnerschiefer belt, 99, 102, 103, Colorado Plateau, 202 Antiplano belt, 170, 200 106 Colorado River, 133, 135, 136, 140, Antrona Valley, 98 Buntmergel shales, 104 148, 149, 150, 153, 155, 156 Anvil Terrane, 83 Colorado, 187, 190, 202 Anvil-Sylvester ocean, 69 Cache Creek Terrane, 55, 65, 79, 83 Columbia Plateau, 134 Aosta valley, Italy, 97 Cacheuta area, 48 Copper Mountain, 65 Appalachian platform, 34 Calabrian arc, 187 Cordillera Occidental, 195 Appalachians, 34, 93, 170, 197 Calderian allochthon, 14, 20, 24, 26 Cordillera Oriental, 187, 195 Appennines, 114, 185, 187 Calderian orogeny, 2, 3, 4, 5, 14, Cordillere Tarine, 97, 98, 107 Aptian time, 95, 102 16, 25 Coronation Supergroup, 2, 4 Apulia, 93, 94, 113, 114, 119 California, 83, 133, 134, 136, 149, Corsica, 106 Apulian front, 105, 107 155, 197 Corsica-Sardinia, 93 Apuseni Mountains, 105 Callovian time, 105 Couches Rouges, 103, 105 Apuseni-Vardar ocean, 105, 106 Cambrian, 33, 34, 35, 138 Cowles Formation, 3 Aquitanian time, 122 Campo de Gibraltar, 95 Cretaceous, 33, 39, 40, 42, 56, 62, Arabia, 122 Canadian Cordillera, 17, 55 71, 77, 78, 83, 85, 93, 114, Archean basement, 4, 7, 12, 16, 25 Canadian Rockies, 187 121, 144, 201 Archean gneiss, 24, 25 Canadian shield, 1 Crowsnest Volcanics, 71 Arica Mountains, 138 Canavese, 107 crustal thickening, 1 Arizona, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139, Cape Smith orogenic belt, 26 Cruz de Caiia fault, 39 140, 144, 149, 154, 155 Carboniferous, 33, 34, 37, 38, 65, Crystalline Terrane, 65 Aroley Formation, 98 93 Cuyano sedimentary cycle, 40 Arosa zone, 102, 104 Carface magmatic episode, 74 Czorstyn belt, 105, 106 Arosa-Platte nappe, 99 Carnian time, 93 Asiak thrust-fold belt, 7 Carousel antiform, 4, 7, 11, 14, 16 Dacide belt, 107 Atlantic Ocean, 94, 112 Carpathian arc, 187 Dauphine Zone, 97. See also External Atlin Lake, 65 Carpathian belt, 121 Zones Australia Carpathians, 93, 185, 187 Death Valley, California, 135 basins, 107 Cascade-Pemberton-Garibaldi arc, 74 Devonian, 31, 33, 34 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/957094/spe218-bm.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 210 Index Diaguitic phase, 33, 48, 51 Granite Mountain, 65 Japan, magmatism, 56, 95 Graubunden, 96, 99, 101, 102, 104, Juan Fernandez hotspot, 50 Eagle Creek plutonic rocks, 71 106, 107 Jura chain, 125 Early Cambrian, 33, 35 Gravina-Nutzotin Belt, 71, 83, 85 Jurassic, 38, 39, 40, 55, 62, 65, 69, Early Cretaceous, 33, 56, 83, 85 gravity anomalies, over mountain 71, 74, 77, 79, 83, 85, 93, 115, Early Permian, 37 ranges, 179, 181, 184, 203 117, 121, 138 earthquakes, 48, 50, 126, 187, 190 Great Basin, 133, 136 East Arm of Great Slave Lake, 26 Great Bear magmatic zone, 2, 4 Karmutsen volcanics, 65 East Arm thrust-fold belt, 14 Great Slave Lake, 26 Kasalka volcanics, 71 Eastern Mediterranean sea, 114 Greater Himalaya, 187, 190, 201 Kaslo-Slocan-Rossland rocks, 83 Ecstall pluton, 71 Greece, 115 Kebin earthquake (1911), 190 Eldorado Mountains, 135, 136, 138 Grenville belt, 170 Kikerk Formation, 3 Endako, British Columbia, 55 Gresten klippen zones, 102, 104 King Salmon Fault, 77 energy, in mountain building, 179 Gresten-Buntmergel belt, 103 Kingsvale Groups, 71 Engadine window, 99, 102 Grisonides, 107 Klammkalk zone, 102 Eocene, 33, 39, 48, 74, 95, 104, Guichon Batholith, 62 Klippen Zone, 102, 103, 104, 105 112, 121, 122 Gulf of Alaska, 74, 85, 86, 166 Klotassin Batholith, 65 Eokuk uplift, 7, 12, 14 Gulf of Oman, 166 Kootenay Arc, 69, 77 Epworth Group, 3, 4, 10, 24 Kostelec unit, 105 erosion, mountain belts, 169 Harquahala Mountains, 138 Kotcho Fault, 77 Eurasia, 111 Harrison Lake, 69 Krizna nappe, 105 Europe Plate, 93 Hauterivian time, 95 Kuskanax Batholith, 69 European Rift, 123 Hazelton Group, 65 Kysuca belt, 105 Exmouth antiform, 4, 11, 16, 17, 20, Helminthoid Flysch, 103 23, 24, 26 Helvetic zones, 104 La Pilona, 48 External Zones, 97, 104 Hepburn batholith, 16, 20, 23, 26 Laberge Group, 65 Hepburn Intrusive Suite 1, 16, 26 Labrador trough, 26 Faja Eruptiva de la Puna, 34 Hepburn plutonic suite, 2, 3, 7, 16 Lagonegro, 93 Falknis nappe, 99 Hettangian time, 94 Lake Havasu, 151 Falknis-Sulzfluh nappe, 99, 101 Hickman Batholith, 65, 69 Lake Lucerne, 99 Falknis-Tasna nappe, 99, 103 High Cordillera, 48 Lake Thun, 97 Famatinian orogeny, 33, 34, 37, 51 Highland Spring Range, 138 Laramide deformation, 33, 202 Famatinides, 31, 34 Himalayan range, 122, 169, 179, Late Cretaceous, 33, 39, 42, 56, 114 Farallon Plate, 56, 86 181, 184, 185, 187, 195, 201, Late Ordovician, 34 Farellones Formation, 48 202 Late Triassic, 34 faults Hochstegen high, 102, 103, 104 Lauchert graben, 123 detachment, 133 Hochstegenkalk high, 102 Leech River, 56, 77 geometry of, 187 Hogem Batholith, 65, 69 Leech River-Pacific Rim, 85 normal, 133, 197, 203 Hohe Tauem, 107 Lepontinic nappe, 103 strike-slip, 123, 124, 125 Hotailuh Batholith, 65, 69 Lesser Himalaya, 187, 190 thrust, 135, 155, 187, 195, 203 Howell Creek plutons, 79 Lewes River, 56, 77 FeuerstUtt nappe, 99 Hozameen ocean, 69 Lewes River Group, 65, 74 Flattop Mountains, 154 Huincul fault, 40 Liassic marine foreland basin, 40 Flysch Zone, 102, 103, 104, 105 Hungary, 93, 104 Lichtenstein, 99 fold-and-thrust belts, 7, 27, 161 Hyblean Sicily, 94 Liguria, 106 Fontano Formation, 3, 7 Ligurian basin, 121, 123 Foxe fold belt, 26 Iberia, 119, 123 Ligurian fault, 123 Francois Lake suite, 55, 62, 69, 71 Iberian Meseta, 95 Ligurian ocean, 95 Franconia lineament, 123, 125 Iberian peninsula, 93, 95 Ligurian-Piemont ocean, 94. See also Fraser fault system, 77 Iberic chain, 123, 125 Piemont-Ligurian ocean French Massif Central, 126 Idaho, 134 lithosphere Frontal Cordillera, 33, 34, 35, 37, Incaic phase, 33, 39, 48, 51 at mountain ranges, 179,199 39, 48 India, 127, 187 oceanic, 181, 187, 202, 203 Indian Ocean, 226, 112 Lower Cretaceous, 71, 85 Gail fault, 123 Indian plate, 121, 184, 190 Lower Engadine window, 99, 101 Galena Bay pluton, 69, 83 Indonesia, basins, 107 Lower Penninic nappes, 103 Gambier Group, 71, 85 Infrapenninic nappes, 103 Lungaurides, 107 Ganga plain, 123 Insubrian fault, 123 Lut-Tabbas block, Iran, 115 Gargano peninsula, 114 Insular Belt, 60, 71, 77 Luzon volcanic arc, 172 Garlock fault, 134 Insular Terrane, 71, 93 German-Czech triangle, 123 Intermontane Belt, 60, 71, 74, 77, Mackenzie Mountains, 71, 77, 79, Glarus, 99 79 83. See also Rocky-Mackenzie Glockner schists, 102, 106 Intermontane Terranes, 69, 71, 83 Mountains Gondwanaland, 31, 33, 34, 38, 39, Internal Zones, 95, 105 Madre de Dios, 34 51 Inulik culmination, 7 Maestrichtian time, 98, 102 Gondwanic orogenic cycle, 34 Iran, 115, 117, 170 Maghreb transform zone, 93, 94, 95 Gondwanides orogeny, 31, 33, 51 Iron Mountains, California, 144 Maghrebine Flysch, 95 Gotthard traverse, 97, 99 Isère River, 97 magmatic evolution, Canadian Grand St-Bemard nappe, 98 Italy, 97, 99 Cordillera, 55 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/957094/spe218-bm.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 Index 211 Magura nappe, 105 Norian volcanics, 65 Pliensbachian time, 111 Main Andes, 33. See also Principal North African platform, 123
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  • Paleozoic Evolution of the Appalachians

    Paleozoic Evolution of the Appalachians

    Paleozoic Evolution of the Appalachians: Tectonic Overview Three major tectonic episodes, all involving lateral accretion of terranes: deformation, terrane migration, accretion, and continental convergence 1. Ordovician Taconic Orogeny (~470-440 Ma) • collision of Laurentian margin with one or more magmatic arcs Shelburne Falls arc (475-470 Ma) and Bronson Hill arc (454-442 Ma) • or, continent-continent collision between Laurentia and proto-Andean region of Gondwana • slope & rise sediments thrust westward over shelf deposits 2. Devonian Acadian Orogeny (~420-360 Ma) • accretion of Avalon terrane southward continuation of Silurian Caledonian Orogeny (NW Europe) collision of Baltica with Laurentia to form Laurussia • deformation of Bronson Hill arc and sedimentary basins seaward of BH arc at least 3 pulses of deformation • oblique accretion of Avalon and other terranes(?) much strike-slip displacement but also subduction (coastal volcanics) • large mountains erosion creates thick clastic wedge (Catskills and Poccono Mtns.); thinned westward toward cratonic interior 3. Pennsylvansylvanian-Permian Alleghenian Orogeny (~325- 275 Ma) • collision with Gondwanaland consolidation of supercontinent Pangea • extensive zone of deformation New England - Georgia & Alabama (Appalachian Mtns.) - Oklahoma, Arkansas (Ouachita Mtns.) - Texas (Marathon Mtns.) • side-effects: deep crustal shear in Mass., formation of Narragansett rift basin basement block faulting in western interior, uplift of ancestral Rockies "TECTONIC CYCLES" • recorded by the creation of foreland basins sedimentation in eastern New York • associated with tectonic uplift and deformation due to the accretion of island arcs to the east in Massachusetts (first the Ordovician Taconic Orogeny followed by the Devonian Acadian Orogeny: Ordovician Taconic Orogeny (generalized succession in eastern NY) Age Environment Lithology Formation late Ordovician deltaic and molasse Queenston Fm.
  • Southern Lakes Fisheries Angler Education and Outreach Campaign - Spring 2020

    Southern Lakes Fisheries Angler Education and Outreach Campaign - Spring 2020

    Southern Lakes Fisheries Angler Education and Outreach Campaign - Spring 2020 Education and Outreach Focussed on Grayling, Northern Pike and Lake Trout at the Lubbock River, Little Atlin Lake and additional accessible locations in the Southern Lakes. Carcross/Tagish Renewable Resources Council June 2020 Campaign and Outreach Facilitated by: Dennis Zimmermann - Big Fish Little Fish Consultants Overview: Increased fishing pressure in the accessible Southern Lakes was already a concern, prior to covid-19. The concern for vulnerable Lubbock River Grayling and Little Atlin Lake Trout was the impetus for this campaign led by the Carcross/Tagish Renewable Resources Council (C/TRRC). The C/TRRC working with partners Carcross/Tagish First Nation (C/TFN) and the Department of Environment (DOE), hired Dennis Zimmermann with Big Fish Little Fish Consultants to develop an outreach and education campaign in the spring of 2020. The outreach and education campaign featured numerous tactics and means by which various messages could be presented to the licenced Yukon angling public. Tactics included the installation of signage at approximately 11 locations, a press release, social media communications and outreach over four weekends between May and June at the Lubbock River and one weekend at Little Atlin Lake. 1 Feedback from anglers and the public has been positive both on social media, in- person responses, and anecdotally comments from the community. Some of the greatest successes of this campaign include: • facilitating a positively focussed and proactive