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View of Theoretical Approaches 51
University of Alberta Caribou Hunting at Ice Patches: Seasonal Mobility and Long-term Land-Use in the Southwest Yukon By Vandy E. Bowyer A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology © Vandy E. Bowyer Spring 2011 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. In memory of Tagish ABSTRACT Recently documented ice patch sites in the southwest Yukon are ideal for evaluating precontact hunter-gatherer land-use patterns in the western subarctic. Located in the alpine of the mountainous regions of the boreal forest, ice patches are associated with well preserved hunting equipment, caribou (Rangifer tarandus) dung and an abundance of faunal remains dating to over 8000 years ago. However, current models are inadequate for explaining caribou hunting at ice patches as they tend to emphasize large-scale communal hunts associated with latitudinal movements of caribou. Much less is known about the alititudinal movment of caribou and the associated hunting forays to ice patches in the alpine. -
The Legacy of a Taku River Tlingit Clan
Gágiwdul.àt: Brought Forth to Reconfirm THE LEGACY OF A TAKU RIVER TLINGIT CLAN Gágiwdul.àt: Brought Forth to Reconfirm THE LEGACY OF A TAKURIVER TLINGIT CLAN Elizabeth Nyman and JeffLeer Yukon Native Language Centre and Alaska Native Language Center 1993 lV © 1993, Yukon Native Language Centre, Alaska Native Language Center, and Elizabeth Nyman Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nyman, Elizabeth, 1915- Gágiwdutàt : The Legacy of a Taku River Tlingit Clan / Elizabeth Nyman and Jeff Leer. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 1-55500-048-7 1. Tlingit Indians-Legends. 2. Tlingit Indians-Social life and customs. 3. Nyman, Elizabeth, 1915- . 4. Tlingit Indians-Biography. 5. Tlingit language-Texts. 1. Leer, Jeff. Il. Title. E99.T6N94 1993 93-17399 398.2'089972-dc20 CIP First Printing, 1993 1,000 copies Cover photo: Yakadlakw Shà 'Scratched-face Mountain' (no English name) and the Taku River near Atlin, by Wayne Towriss for YNLC Cover design and drawing on title pages by Dixon Jones, UAF IMP ACT Yukon Native Language Centre Alaska Native Language Center Yukon College University of Alaska Fairbanks Box 2799 Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-0120 Whitehorse, Yukon Canada YlA 5K4 The printing of this book was made possible in part by a contribution to the Council for Yukon Indians by the Secretary of State for Canada and Aborigi nal Language Services (Government of Yukon). It is the policy of the University of Alaska to provide equal education and employment opportunities and to provide -
Village of Teslin Official Community Plan
VILLAGE OF TESLIN OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN November 2009 Village of Teslin Official Community Plan Prepared by Té Khâ Planning and Development Brad Stoneman, Principal PO Box 286, Teslin, Yukon Territory Y0A 1B0 (867) 390-2733 with the assistance of Beverly Suderman, Principal Avril Orloff, Graphic Facilitator Michael E. Kelly, Principal Vancouver, BC ME Kelly Consulting http://avrilorloff.com/ [email protected] Duncan, British Columbia Damon Oriente Danica Rice Landscape Architect Valhalla Trails Ltd Vancouver, BC Cowichan Bay, British Columbia (604) 222-9200 www.valhallacontracting.com www.damonoriente.ca Acknowledgements The consultants would like to thank the participants in the focus groups and community meetings for their thoughtful and insightful input into the Official Community Plan review process. We could not have completed this Plan to your satisfaction without that support. The consultants would also like to thank Wes Wirth, former Chief Administrative Officer for the Village of Teslin, and all the staff for their unstinting time and efforts to make sure that we got our facts right. THANK YOU! GUNALCHÉESH ! Village of Teslin Official Community Plan Implementation Schedule Action Policy & Action Type of Action Time Frame Priority Reference Management/ (High, Medium, Advocacy Low) Encourage improvements to the Alaska Highway. 5.5.11.10 Advocacy 36 months High to 5.5.11.14 Ensure the primary water supply is fully in 5.5.10.11 Management 6 months High compliance with federal and territorial drinking water quality regulations. Develop a secondary water supply, to provide 5.5.10.12 Management 12 months High redundancy and ensure uninterrupted water for residents. Pursue detailed planning to upgrade the RecPlex and 5.5.12.1 Management 12 months High provide opportunities for the development of a youth 5.5.12.9 centre and seniors centre, or some combination. -
The Frozen Past: the Yukon Ice Patches, Is Available on Line At
The Frozen Past The Yukon Ice Patches © 2011 Government of Yukon ISBN 978-1-55362-509-4 Written by Greg Hare with contributions from Sheila Greer (Champagne and Aishihik First Nations), Heather Jones (Carcross/Tagish First Nation), Rae Mombourquette (Kwanlin Dün First Nation), John Fingland (Kluane First Nation), Mark Nelson and Jason Shorty (Ta’an Kwäch’än Council) and Tip Evans (Teslin Tlingit Council). Edited by Patricia Halladay Design and layout: Patricia Halladay Graphic Design (Whitehorse, Yukon) All photos courtesy Government of Yukon unless otherwise noted Front cover: Left: Friday Creek ice patch; Right, top: Field assistant Gillian Farnell discovers a hunting arrow at the edge of the ice; Right, bottom: A dart shaft embedded in dung-filled ice. Stephen J. Krasemann photo Back cover: Greg Hare, James Baker and Gordon Jarrell (University of Alaska Museum) examine a newly discovered arrow at an ice patch site. Contents Introduction ................................................................. 2 “When we first started...” .............................................. 3 What are ice patches? ................................................... 4 What do ice patches mean to First Nations people? .......... 5 First find ...................................................................... 6 A learning opportunity ................................................... 7 The Yukon Ice Patch Project .......................................... 8 Caribou in south Yukon First Nations history .................... 9 Map: Yukon Ice Patches -
Dall's Sheep Survey Southern Lakes Regionpdf
Dall’s Sheep Survey: Southern Lakes Region, 2009 Prepared By: Kyle Russell Troy Hegel Fish and Wildlife Branch April 2011 Dall’s Sheep Survey: Southern Lakes Region, 2009 Fish and Wildlife Branch Report No. TR-11-09 Acknowledgements Many individuals helped with this survey. Rosa Brown (Ta’an Kwäch’än Council), Corey Edzerza (Carcross Tagish First Nation), Elsabe Kloppers (YG), Aaron Koss-Young (YG), Doug Larsen (YG), John Meikle (Kwanlin Dün First Nation), Philip Merchant (YG), Shannon Stotyn, and Shawn Taylor (YG) all assisted with surveying efforts. Jean Carey (YG) imparted her insight and knowledge regarding sheep in the study area and was an excellent teacher. Tak Yamaguchi (Kluane Helicopters) piloted crews safely during the entire survey. We acknowledge the Carcross Tagish First Nation, the Champagne- Aishihik First Nations, the Kwanlin Dün First Nation, and the Ta’an Kwäch’än Council, in whose traditional territories this survey occurred. © 2011 Yukon Department of Environment Copies available from: Yukon Department of Environment Fish and Wildlife Branch, V-5A Box 2703, Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 2C6 Phone (867) 667-5721, Fax (867) 393-6263 Email: [email protected] Also available online at www.env.gov.yk.ca RUSSELL, K. AND T. HEGEL. 2011. Dall’s sheep survey: Southern Lakes Region, 2009. Yukon Fish and Wildlife Branch Report TR-11-09, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada. 2009 Southern Lakes Region Dall’s Sheep Survey Summary An aerial survey of Dall’s sheep in the Southern Lakes region was carried out June 26 to July 3, 2009. Environment Yukon staff and members of local First Nations and Renewable Resources Councils participated in the flights. -
FNESS Strategic Plan
Strategic Plan 2013-2015 At a Glance FNESS evolved from the Society of Native Indian Fire Fighters of BC (SNIFF), which was established in 1986. SNIFF’s initial objectives were to help reduce the number of fire-related deaths on First Nations reserves, but it changed its emphasis to incorporate a greater spectrum of emergency services. In 1994, SNIFF changed its name to First Nations’ Emergency Services Society of BC to reflect the growing diversity of services it provides. Today our organization continues to gain recognition and trust within First Nations communities and within Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC) and other organizations. This is reflected in both the growing demand of service requests from First Nations communities and the development of more government-sponsored programs with FNESS. r e v Ri k e s l A Inset 1 Tagish Lake Teslin 1059 Daylu Dena Atlin Lake 501 Taku River Tlingit r e v Liard Atlin Lake i R River ku 504 Dease River K Fort a e Nelson T r t 594 Ts'kw'aylaxw e c iv h R ik River 686 Bonaparte a se a 687 Skeetchestn e D Fort Nelson R i v e First Nations in 543 Fort Nelson Dease r 685 Ashcroft Lake Dease Lake 592 Xaxli'p British Columbia 593 T'it'q'et 544 Prophet River 591 Cayoose Creek 692 Oregon Jack Creek 682 Tahltan er 683 Iskut a Riv kw r s e M u iv R Finlay F R Scale ra e n iv s i er 610 Kwadacha k e i r t 0 75 150 300 Km S 694 Cook's Ferry Thutade R r Tatlatui Lake i e 609 Tsay Keh Dene v Iskut iv 547 Blueberry River e R Lake r 546 Halfway River 548 Doig River 698 Shackan Location -
Report on the Arti- 1999:216)
REPORT CULTURAL MATERIALS RECOVERED FROM ICE PATCHES IN THE DENALI HIGHWAY REGION , CENTRAL ALASKA , 2003–2005 Richard VanderHoek Office of History and Archaeology, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, 550 W. Seventh Ave., Suite 1310, Anchorage, AK 99501-3565; [email protected] Randolph M. Tedor Office of History and Archaeology, Alaska Department of Natural Resources J. David McMahan Office of History and Archaeology, Alaska Department of Natural Resources ABSTRACT The Alaska Office of History and Archaeology conducted ice patch surveys in the Denali Highway re- gion of central Alaska for three seasons. Prehistoric organic and lithic hunting artifacts and fauna had melted from the ice patches and were subsequently recovered. These items include arrow shafts, barbed antler points, lithic projectile points, and what is likely a stick for setting ground squirrel snares. Or- ganic artifacts recovered from this survey date within the last thousand years. Lithic projectile points recovered from ice patches suggest that prehistoric hunters have been hunting caribou on ice patches in the Denali Highway region for at least the last half of the Holocene. keywords: atlatl, bow and arrow, gopher stick, mountain archaeology INTRODUCTION Ice patches with caribou (Rangifer tarandus) dung and cul- al. 2005; Hare et al. 2004a, Hare et al. 2004b). To date, tural material were first noted by the scientific commu- more than 240 artifacts have been recovered from melting nity in August of 1997, when a Canadian biologist noticed ice patches and glaciers in northwestern North America. a layer of caribou dung on a permanent ice patch while In 2003, the Alaska Office of History and Archaeology sheep hunting in the Kusawa Lake area of the southern (OHA) developed a research design for identifying and Yukon Territory (Kuzyk et al. -
Routes to Riches 2015 1 Danielhenryalaska.Com
Routes to Riches 2015 1 danielhenryalaska.com Routes to Riches Daniel Lee Henry [email protected] A ground squirrel robe nearly smothered northern Tlingits’ nascent trust in their newly-landed missionaries. Long-time trading ties with Southern Tutchone and Interior Tlingit funneled wealth to Native residents of the upper Lynn Canal. Luxurious furs from the frigid north brought prices many times that of local pelts. For example, while the coastal red fox fur was worth $1.75 in “San Francisco dollars” in 1883, a Yukon silver fox brought up to $50 (about $1200 in 2015). Several times a year, Tlingit expeditions traversed routes considered secret until local leaders revealed their existence to Russians and Americans in the mid-nineteenth century. A day’s paddle to the upper Chilkat River brought travelers to a trail leading over through barrier coastal mountains into the vast, rolling subarctic Interior. On the eastern route, packers left Dyea at the terminus of Taiya Inlet and slogged a twenty-mile trail to a keyhole pass into lake country that drains into the Yukon River headwaters. The image of prospectors struggling up the “Golden Staircase” to Chilkoot Pass engraved the Klondike gold rush of ‘98 onto the license plates of cultural memory. For centuries, Chilkats and Chilkoots sustained a trading cartel connected by their respective routes. From tide’s edge to the banks of the Yukon River four hundred miles north, Tlingits insisted on customer allegiance. They discouraged Interior trading partners from commerce with anyone but themselves and expressly prohibited economic activity without invitation. The 1852 siege of Fort Selkirk and subsequent expulsion of Hudson’s Bay Company demonstrated the market realities of the Chilkat/Chilkoot cartel. -
For a Larger Version of the First Nations in British
#! Inset 1 Tagish Lake #! Teslin 502 Liard Atlin Lake #!501 Taku River Tlingit L 594 Ts'kw 'aylaxw iard #! Atlin Lake R 687 Skeetchestn ive #! ! 504 Dease River K r 686 Bonaparte # #! e r t e c iv h R ik #! a se a e D Fort Nelson R ! i # ! 592 Xaxli'p #! 685 Ashcroft v # e 543 Fort Nelson Dease r #! 593 T'it'q'et Lake Dease Lake #! First Nations 591 Cayoose Creek #! 692 Oregon Jack Creek 682 Tahltan #! 544 P rophet River r #! a ive in British Colum bia F R in British Colum bia 683 Iskut r #! kw a r s s e M u e iv r R Finlay R e iv n er i 610 Kw ad acha k Scale i t #! ! S R # 694 Cook's Ferry i v 0 75 150 300 km e r Thutade r e Lake I iv Tatlatui 609 Tsay Keh Dene skut R #! 547 Blueberry River Lake #! 698 Shackan #! #! #! #! 696 Nicom en 546 Halfw ay River 548 Doig River 705 Lytton #! #! Location of First Nation's 699 Nooaitch Main Community #! Williston Fort St John 707 Skuppah #! Lake N Indian Reserve a ! s 542 Saulteau # 706 Siska s #! #! 704 Kanaka Bar #! R Takla i 545 W est Moberly v City or Town e Lake r 532 Kispiox 533 Glen Vow ell 608 Takla 677 Nisga'a Village of New Aiyansh 537 Gitanyow 531 Gitanm aax #! #! Park and Protected Area 679 Nisga'a Village of Gitw inksihlkw #! #!!534 Hagw ilget 678 Nisga'a Village of Laxgalt'sap #!#! # #! 700 Boothroyd ! #! #! 535 Gitsegukla 671 Nisga'a Village of Gingolx#! # ! Babine #! 618 McLeod Lake 536 Gitw ar ngak # e 530 W itset v i Sm ithers 674 Lax Kw 'alaam s R Lake 617 Tl'azt'en ! 701 Boston Bar ! # #! Terrace #!680 Kitselas 728 Yekooche ! # #! # #! 730 Binche W hut'en 673 Metlakatla ena -
Fall Asleep by Imagining Contented Fuzzy Bears a Deep Gully with Unstable, Half-Metre-High Banks of Stuffed with Soap Berries
Kaskawulsh Glacier is the source of the Slims and Kaskawulsh Rivers SUMMER IN THE KLUANES Teslin/Yukon Rivers & Jarvis/Kaskawulsh/Alsek/Dezadeash Rivers Edited from the journal of Jay Neilson and Frank Knaapen After a few entertaining phone calls, we resolved that water paddle with no portages. Its greatest hazards are the there is only one feasible canoe route, which would bring large volume of water, high winds, quick goop shorelines, us close to the majestic Kluane glacial mountains in the hypothermic freezing water, and hypothetical bear southwestern corner of the Yukon Territories. We would encounters. We also looked forward to later hike up the paddle down the Class II-III Jarvis River to the Slims River, the second drainage of the Kaskawulsh Kaskawulsh River (coming from the Kaskawulsh Glacier), Glacier, for a closeup view of the glacier, appropriately which converges into the upper Alsek River (draining the after already having canoed down part of the Kaskawulsh Dusty Glacier), then go upstream on the Dezadeash River, River. (Kluane National Park Reserve offers extensive hik- and finally take out at Haines Junction. We were persuad- ing trails, of which the overland trail to Goatherd ed that the Alsek and Tatshenshini Rivers can only be safe- Mountain overlooking Lowell Glacier is a fascinating 130 ly negotiated by large river rafts. km challenge.) As the jarvis/Kaskawulsh/ Alsek/Dezadeash trip takes only seven days, we decided to first spend a week pad- Teslin River, johnson's Crossing 08July 1998) The magic dling the Teslin and Yukon Rivers from Johnson's Crossing of the moment, a century of time, I relax and breathe to Carmacks (370 km). -
Atlin Northern Mountain Caribou Management and Monitoring Framework: Final Report 2011
1 ATLIN NORTHERN MOUNTAIN CARIBOU MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK: FINAL REPORT 2011 Project Components 1. Habitat Modeling 2. Cumulative Effects Toolkit 3. Caribou Pregnancy 4. Predator Diet Stable Isotope Analysis 5. Lichen Sampling JUNE 2011 REPORT PREPARED FOR Taku River Tlingit First Nation P.O. Box 132 Atlin, BC V0W 1A0 REPORT BY Jean L. Polfus1 Kimberly S. Heinemeyer1 COVER PHOTO CREDITS Jean Polfus (top left, TRTFN Territory sign, bottom left, bottom middle, middle), Wibke Peters (bottom right), Kevin Cannaday (caribou on road). Drawing of caribou by Jean Polfus. 1 Round River Conservation Studies, 284 West 400 North, Suite 105, Salt Lake City, UT 84103; Jean Polfus: [email protected]; Kimberly Heinemeyer: [email protected] 2 FUNDING Funding for this project was provided by the Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk and the Aboriginal Funds for Species at Risk of Environment Canada, the Taku River Tlingit First Nation, Round River Conservation Studies and the University of Montana. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The long-term vision of the Taku River Tlingit First Nation (TRTFN) made this project possible by identifying the need for sustainable management of the wildlife and resources in their traditional territory. Many TRTFN members contributed their ecological knowledge and expertise including Jackie Williams, Bryan Jack, Andrew Williams, Terry Jack, Harry Carlick, Richard Carlick, Greta Thorlakson, Douglas Jack, Rickard Johnson and Peter Kirby. Field research was provided by Myranda Simpson, Morgane Stehelin-Holland, Jerry Jack, Phillip Tizya and Mark Connor. The partnership between the TRTFN and Round River Conservation Studies (RRCS) facilitated the development of funding proposals, project management, reporting and implementation and development of project partnerships. -
Resource Atlas for Planning Under the Atlin-Taku Framework Agreement
RESOURCE ATLAS FOR PLANNING UNDER THE ATLIN-TAKU FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT Version 1.5 August, 2009 Resource Atlas Resource Atlas ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Atlas was compiled with contributions from many people. Of particular note, maps were produced by Shawn Reed and Darin Welch with the assistance of Dave Amirault, Integrated Land Management Bureau. Descriptive information was mainly based on the report Atlin-Taku Planning Area Background Report: An Overview of Natural, Cultural, and Socio-Economic Features, Land Uses and Resources Management (Horn and Tamblyn 2002), Government of BC websites, and for wildlife the joint Wildlife Habitat Mapping Information Handout May 2009. Atlin-Taku Framework Agreement Implementation Project Page 3 of 87 Resource Atlas Atlin-Taku Framework Agreement Implementation Project Page 4 of 87 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 7 General Plan Area Description ................................................................................................................... 7 Map 1: Base Information ............................................................................................................................