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Fondazione Musei Civici Di Venezia — Palazzo Ducale Doge’S Palace

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Fondazione Musei Civici Di Venezia — Palazzo Ducale Doge’S Palace Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia — Palazzo Ducale Doge’s Palace ENG The Palace A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, the Doge’s Palace is an impressive structure composed of layers of building elements and ornamentation, from its 14th and 15th century original foundations to the significant Renaissance and opulent Mannerist adjunctions. The structure is made up of three large blocks, incorporating previous constructions. The wing towards the St. Mark’s Basin is the oldest, rebuilt from 1340 onwards. The wing towards St. Mark’s Square was built in its present form from 1424 onwards. The canal-side wing, housing the Doge’s apartments and many government offices, dates from the Renaissance and was built between 1483 and 1565. The History Reached by a large fortified gateway where the Porta della Carta now stands, the buildings The origins within these walls housed public The first Doges offices, courtrooms, prisons, The first stable settlements in the Doge’s apartments, stables, the lagoon probably came just armories, and other facilities. after the fall of the Western The Doge Ziani’s Palace Roman Empire (476). Gradually, In the 10th century, the Doge’s Palazzo Ducale, Venezia these became more established Palace was partially destroyed and are considered as outposts by a fire, and subsequent of the Byzantine Empire. At the reconstruction works were beginning of the 9th century, undertaken at the behest of Venice enjoyed a reasonable Doge Sebastiano Ziani (1172- level of independence. In 810, 1178). A great reformer, Doge Palazzo Ducale, Venice Doge Angelo Partecipazio Ziani radically changed the moved the seat of government layout of the entire St. Mark’s from the island of Malamocco Square area. to the area of Rivoalto (the Two new structures were built present-day Rialto), when for his palace: one facing the it was decided the Palazzo Piazzetta – to house courts Ducale should be built, however, and legal institutions – and the no trace remains of that 9th other overlooking St. Mark’s century building. — Basin – to house government The Building institutions. These new palaces probably The Old Castle had all the Byzantine-Venetian It is probable that the Palazzo architecture characteristic Ducale, being protected features (such as the Fondaco by a canal, stout walls and dei Turchi, which today houses massive corner towers, was the Natural History Museum), an agglomeration of different but unfortunately, only few buildings destined to serve traces of this period remain (e.g. Illustration of the Old Castle (9th-11th centuries) various purposes. parts of the ground-level wall in > 1 Istrian stone and some The Piazzetta’s façade was herringbone-pattern brick completed with the construction pavement). of the Porta della Carta, a work by Giovanni and Bartolomeo The 14th century palace Bon. Works on the other wings At the end of the 13th century of the Palace would not come it became necessary to until later. These would start extend the palace once more. with the construction of the Political changes in 1297 led Foscari entrance beyond the to a significant increase in the Porta della Carta, culminating Illustration of Palazzo Ducale - 12th Century number of people who had in the Foscari Arch. This work the right to participate in the was not completed until Doge legislative assembly meetings. Giovanni Mocenigo’s time (1478- The works, which would result 1485). in the building that we can see today, started around The other wings of the Palace 1340 under Doge Bartolomeo and the various fires in the Gradenigo (1339-1343) and building (1483-1577) concerned mostly the side of In 1483, a violent fire broke the palace facing the lagoon. out in the canal-side of the In 1365, the Paduan artist Palace, which housed the Guariento was commissioned Doge’s apartments. Once again, to decorate the east wall of the important reconstruction Great Council Chamber with a works became necessary large fresco, while the room’s and Antonio Rizzo was windows works were done commissioned, introducing the by the Delle Masegne family. new Renaissance architectural The Great Council met in this language to the building. An chamber for the first time in entirely new structure was 1419. raised alongside the canal, from the Ponte della Canonica to the Doge Francesco Foscari’s Ponte della Paglia. Works were Illustration of Palazzo Ducale - 14th Century Renovations and the 15th completed by 1510, and in the century meantime Rizzo was replaced Only in 1424, when Francesco by Maestro Pietro Lombardo, Foscari was Doge (1423-1457), who reviewed the decoration was it decided to continue the of the façade and of the Giants’ renovation works on the side Staircase in the internal of the building overlooking courtyard of the palace. In 1515, the Piazzetta San Marco. The Antonio Abbondi, also known as new wing was designed as a Lo Scarpagnino, took over from continuation of that overlooking Lombardo, finally completing the lagoon: a ground-floor the works by 1559. The 1565 arcade on the outside, with erection of Sansovino’s two open first-floor balconies large marble statues of Mars running along the façade and and Neptune at the top of the the internal courtyard side of Giants’ Staircase marked the the wing. The vast Sala dello end of this important phase. Scrutinio, formerly the Library, However, in 1574, another fire was built at the same floor as destroyed some of the second the Great Council Chamber, floor rooms, fortunately without and its large windows and the undermining the structure. pinnacled parapet took up Works began immediately to the same decorative motifs replace the wood furnishings Illustration of Palazzo Ducale - 15th Century as had been used previously. and decorations of these rooms. > 2 In 1577, when works had in 1866, it became part of a just been finished, another united Italy. Over this period, the huge fire damaged the Sala Palazzo Ducale was occupied dello Scrutinio and the Great by various administrative Council Chamber, destroying offices and housed important masterpieces by artists such as cultural institutions such as Gentile da Fabriano, Pisanello, the Biblioteca Marciana (from Alvise Vivarini, Carpaccio, 1811 to 1904). By the end of Bellini, Pordenone and Titian. the 19th century, the structure Reconstruction works were was showing signs of decay Matteo Stom, San Nicola da Tolentino spegne rapidly undertaken to restore and the Italian government set l’incendio del Palazzo Ducale di Venezia it to its original appearance, aside significant funds for an completed by 1579-80. extensive restoration. Many original 14th century capitals The prisons and other 17th were removed and substituted century works and the originals now form Until then, Palazzo Ducale the collection in the Museo housed not only the Doge’s dell’Opera. All public offices apartments, the seat of the were moved elsewhere, with government and the city’s the exception of the State courtrooms, but also a jail. It Office for the Protection of was only in the second half of Historical Monuments, which the 16th century that Antonio da is still housed in the building, Ponte ordered the construction but under the current name of new prisons, built by Antonio of Superintendence of the Contin around 1600, which were Environmental and Architectural linked to the Doge’s Palace by Heritage of Venice and its the Bridge of Sighs. This transfer Lagoon. In 1923, the Italian of the prisons left the old space State, owner of the building, on the ground floor of the palace appointed the City Council to free, and at the beginning of manage it as a public museum. the 17th century works began In 1996, the Doge’s Palace Hogenberg, Franz L’incendio del Palazzo Ducale di Venezia del to restructure the courtyard. became part of the Civic 1577 Engraving A colonnade was created Museums of Venice network. Venice, Museo Correr in the wing that houses the courtrooms similar to that of the Renaissance façade, while on the inner side a marble façade was constructed alongside the Foscari Arch, decorated with blind arches and surmounted by a clock (1615), a design by Bartolomeo Manopola. The palace after the fall of the Venetian Republic Palazzo Ducale was the heart of the political life and public administration of the Venetian Republic. Therefore, when the Illustration of Palazzo Ducale - 16th Century Republic fell in 1797, its role inevitably changed. Venice was firstly subjected to French rule, then to Austrian, and ultimately, > 3 Itineraries The public entrance to the Doge’s Palace in Venice is through the Porta del Frumento, approached through the colonnade under the 14th century waterfront façade. Public services and the Museo dell’Opera are located at the ground floor. The visit to the upper floors starts in the extraordinary Courtyard, from where you pass up to the Loggia on the second floor whith the Institutional Chambers (throughout the second and first floors) and then to the Armoury and Prisons. Itineraries Museo dell’Opera The Armoury The Courtyard and the Loggias The Prisons The Institutional Chambers The Museo The work involved the two facades and the capitals belonging to the dell’Opera ground-floor arcade and the upper loggia: 42 of these, which appeared Over the centuries, the Doge’s to be in a specially dilapidated Palace has been restructured and state, were removed and replaced restored countless times. by copies. Due to fires, structural failures and The originals, some of which were infiltrations on one hand, masterpieces of Venetian sculpture and new organizational of the 14th and 15th centuries, requirements and modifications were placed, together with other or complete overhaulings of the sculptures from the facades, in an ornamental trappings on the other, area specifically set aside for this there was hardly a moment in purpose: the Museo dell’Opera.
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