Lexical-Functional Grammar∗
Lexical-Functional Grammar∗ Ash Asudeh & Ida Toivonen August 10, 2009 [19:17] CORRECTED FINAL DRAFT To appear in Bernd Heine and Heiko Narrog, eds., The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 C-structure and F-structure 2 2.1 C-structure ........................................ 3 2.2 F-structure ......................................... 4 3 Structures and Structural Descriptions 8 3.1 Constraints on C-structures ................................ 8 3.2 Constraints on F-structures ................................ 10 4 The C-structure to F-structure Correspondence 15 4.1 How the C-structure to F-structure Mapping Works ................... 15 4.2 Flexibility in Mapping .................................. 18 5 The Correspondence Architecture 19 6 Some Recent Developments 20 7 Concluding Remarks 21 A Example: Unbounded Dependency, Adjuncts, Raising, Control 23 References 25 ∗This work was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Standard Research Grant 410-2006-1650. We would like to thank Mary Dalrymple, Bernd Heine, Daniela Isac, Helge Lødrup, Kumiko Murasugi, Heiko Narrog, Kenji Oda, Chris Potts, and Nigel Vincent for helpful comments and suggestions. We would also like to thank Daniela Isac and Cristina Moldoveanu for checking the Romanian data. Any remaining errors are our own. i Abstract Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG) is a lexicalist, declarative (non-transformational), constraint- based theory of generative grammar. LFG has a detailed, industrial-strength computational imple- mentation. The theory has also proven useful for descriptive/documentary linguistics. The gram- matical architecture of LFG, sometimes called the ‘Correspondence Architecture’, posits that dif- ferent kinds of linguistic information are modelled by distinct, simultaneously present grammatical structures, each having its own formal representation.
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