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Proposed Lodge Farm Village Rugby Warwickshire HERITAGE S TATEMENT

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Proposed Lodge Farm Village Rugby Warwickshire HERITAGE S TATEMENT Proposed Lodge Farm Village Rugby Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT EXPERTISE WHERE YOU NEED IT Archaeology Warwickshire Report No 1801 JANUARY 2018 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 Project: Lodge Farm Village Commissioned by: Stand Against Lodge Farm Village Project Report No: 1801 Site Code: RLF17 Planning Reference: NA Planning Authority: Rugby Borough Council Planning Archaeologist: John Robinson, Warwickshire National Grid Reference: SP 5065 6899 Project Manager: Stuart C Palmer MCIfA Author: Dr Richard Hayman Illustrations: Candy Stevens Report checked by: Nigel Page MCIfA Date: January 2018 Report reference: Hayman, R, 2018 Proposed Lodge Farm Village: Heritage Statement, Archaeology Warwickshire Report 1801. Archaeology Warwickshire UNIT 9 Montague Road Warwick CV34 5LW 01926 412278 [email protected] www.warwickshire.gov.uk/archaeology Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 CONTENTS Page Summary 2 1 Introduction 4 2 Policy and legislative background 5 3 Methodology 7 4 Site History 8 5 Identification of heritage assets affected 9 6 Importance of setting to significance of historic assets 11 7 Impact of proposed development 13 8 Conclusion and recommendations 15 9 References 17 APPENDIX 19 1 Significant heritage assets affected by proposed Lodge Farm Village 2 Non-designated heritage assets in Warwickshire Historic Environment Record FIGURES 1 Location of application area and Historic Environment information 2 Ridge and furrow of the site of the proposed development 3 Detail of 1851 Tithe map 4 Detail of 1851 Tithe map 5 Detail of 1884 Ordnance Survey map 6 Map of designated heritage assets 7 Dunchurch Conservation Area 8 View from site of proposed development. 9 View from Dunchurch to site of proposed development. 10 Dunchurch Lodge. 1 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 SUMMARY Archaeology Warwickshire was commissioned by Stand Against Lodge Farm Village to undertake a heritage assessment of a proposed new development at Lodge Farm, Warwickshire, close to the border with Northamptonshire. The work was undertaken in December 2017. The proposal is to include in the Rugby Local Plan the development of up to 1500 new dwellings at Lodge Farm. The site lies in a rural landscape of dispersed settlements in the valley of the Rains Brook and River Leam. Policy SDC3 of the draft Rugby Local Plan is committed to the conservation of the Borough’s heritage assets, including designated heritage assets and assets such as historic landscapes that do not benefit from statutory protection. Although not designated, it is argued that the historic landscape around Lodge Farm should be considered as a valuable heritage asset. The importance and desirability of preserving significant historic settings is incorporated into the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservations Areas) Act 1990 and the National Planning Policy Framework. Although there are no designated heritage assets within the development area there are numerous heritage assets in the surrounding villages and countryside. Lodge Farm stands within a significant historic landscape of dispersed settlement originating in the medieval period, spanning the Warwickshire-Northamptonshire border, and was a landscape of open fields before enclosure in the eighteenth century. It is therefore argued that the imposition of a wholly new settlement, built to a scale unprecedented in the locality, will have a negative impact on the character of the historic landscape. The site falls within the setting of Dunchurch Lodge, broadly defined. Although less than substantial, there will be some harm to the setting of Dunchurch Lodge, which is a grade II* listed building, has ancillary structures listed at grade II and is a Registered Park and Garden grade II. The report emphasises the contribution made by the rural landscape to the setting of heritage assets in the surrounding villages, including several buildings listed grade II* and four deserted medieval settlements which are Scheduled Ancient Monuments. It is argued that the proposed new settlement, which would be larger than the surrounding villages, would disrupt the settlement pattern in the landscape, which is of medieval origin, and would therefore 2 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 harm the setting of designated heritage assets in the surrounding villages, even though the harm is not substantial. 3 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The proposed Lodge Farm development is an area of agricultural land covering 104.7 hectares on the south side of the A45, centred on SP 5065 6899 (figure 1). It is bounded on the west side by a minor road between the A45 and Woolscott. The south boundary is formed by existing field boundaries, with the A45 on the north-east side. The site is within the broad valley of the Rains Brook, which flows on the west side of the development area and joins the River Leam to the south. It is an extensive, relatively flat rural landscape of post-medieval fields defined by hedges. From the slightly higher ground to the west (Dunchurch) and east (Barby) there are extensive views over this landscape. 1.2 The proposal is for a large residential development. The Lodge Farm proposal has been included in the Publication Local Plan for Rugby Borough Council district (Policy DS10) as a new village of up to 1500 dwellings. It is intended that this new settlement will become a self-sustaining Main Rural Settlement of Rugby Borough (RBC 2016, 33-34, amended in Table of Minor Modifications LP54.60). 1.3 Archaeology Warwickshire was commissioned by Stand Against Lodge Farm Village to undertake a heritage asset statement. The purpose of this report is therefore to examine the extent to which a new development would harm significant heritage assets or their settings. It is based on a site visit made on 21 December 2017, research online and at the Warwickshire Record Office. 4 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 2 POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE BACKGOUND 2.1 The Rugby Borough Council Local Plan, which has been published in draft form, sets out the local authority’s preferred approach to development that might affect heritage assets and the setting of heritage assets (Rugby Borough Council 2016). It requires that ‘Applications affecting the significance of a heritage asset will be required to provide sufficient information and assessment (such as desk-based appraisals, field evaluation, and historic building reports) of the impacts of the proposal on the significance of heritage assets and their setting to demonstrate how that proposal would contribute to the asset’s conservation’ (Policy SDC3). Heritage assets are defined as listed buildings, archaeology, conservation areas, historic parks and gardens, historic landscapes and townscapes. It is acknowledged that some of these assets have no statutory protection, but the policy is that ‘any harm to the significance of a designated or non-designated heritage asset must be justified’. 2.2 The importance of the setting of heritage assets is covered by legislation, namely the National Planning Policy Framework, or NPPF (DCLG 2012), and the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act, 1990. Historic England has also issued guidance notes to assist the implementation of the legislation in which setting is an issue (Historic England 2017). 2.3 The importance and desirability of preserving setting is enshrined in the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. With regard to listed buildings, it states, in section 66, paragraph 1, that ‘in considering whether to grant planning permission for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses’. 2.4 The means by which the setting of heritage assets is incorporated into the planning process is outlined in the NPPF, which sets out the national planning policy on the historic environment. It states that ‘in determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance’ (DCLG 2012, 5 Proposed Lodge Farm Village, Rugby, Warwickshire HERITAGE STATEMENT January 2018 paragraph 128). Local authorities are required to ‘assess the particular significance of any heritage asset that may be affected by a proposal (including by development affecting the setting of a heritage asset)’ (paragraph 129). 2.5 The setting of a heritage asset is defined in the NPPF glossary as ‘the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may change as the asset and its surroundings evolve. Elements of a setting may make a positive or negative contribution to the significance of an asset, may affect the ability to appreciate that significance or may be neutral.’ Setting is therefore not confined to visual relationships. A broad approach to setting has been endorsed by the
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