English Place-Name Elements Relating to Boundaries Jepson, Boel
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English Place-Name Elements Relating to Boundaries Jepson, Boel 2011 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Jepson, B. (2011). English Place-Name Elements Relating to Boundaries. Centre for Languages and Literature, Lund University. 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LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 English Place-Name Elements Relating to Boundaries Boel Jepson Centre for Languages and Literature Lund University 2011 1 Printed by Media-Tryck, Lund 2011 ISBN 978-91-7473-165-1 © 2011 Boel Jepson 2 In Memory of my Parents 3 4 Acknowledgements Now that my thesis is finished at last, I have many people to thank. The person who deserves it most is Docent Gillis Kristensson, my supervisor from the very beginning. He suggested that I should write about words meaning „boundary‟ in English place-names and set me going. He has helped me at all stages of my work, and it has been a real privilege to have had such a brilliant supervisor. His deep learning and great wisdom and the kind interest he has always shown me have meant more to me than words can express, and had he not been so encouraging and patient and understanding my thesis would never have been finished. Thank you, Gillis, with all my heart! The late Professor Olof Arngart had retired from his chair in English before I started to work on my thesis, but I have pleasant memories of him, and it has been inspiring to be a place-name student at the University where he made such important contributions to the knowledge of English place-names. I am also grateful to his successor, Professor Jan Svartvik, for the interest he has shown in my studies, and to the present holder of the chair, Carita Paradis, for all the help she has given me at the final stages of my work. Her support has really been most valuable. My thanks are further due to the late Dr Stig Carlsson, the late Dr Jan Jönsjö, Fil.mag, Anna Brita Adrian, Dr Örjan Svensson, Docent Björn Wallner, and the late Dr Nils Wrander, all of them members of Gillis Kristensson‟s name research group at the English Department, Lund University, for all good discussions and for their interest in my work. I have received a great deal of help from Mrs Margaret Greenwood Petersson, for which I am very grateful. The late Professor Bertil Ejder, Lund, kindly put his vast knowledge of Scandinavian place-names at my disposal and gave me valuable literature references. He also introduced me to Docent Gillian Fellows Jensen, Copenhagen, and from her, too, I have received useful hints on literature. I have also met Gillian Fellows Jensen as well as many other scholars at conferences in Britain arranged by the Council for Name Studies in Great Britain and Ireland (now the Society for Names Studies in Britain). These conferences 5 have been very stimulating, and I am truly grateful to all the scholars I have met there. I have paid many visits to Dialekt- och Ortnamnsarkivet i Lund (DAL) (the Department of Dialectology and Onomastics in Lund), and I have received a great deal of help and always felt myself welcome there. My thanks are also due to the many relatives and friends who have been interested and helpful. Several friends are library colleagues and library visitors. Moreover, I wish to thank the society of Råå Biblioteks Vänner (The Friends of Råå Library) for the very generous gift for my research work that I received when I retired. Mr Bengt Pettersson of the IT-department, Lund, Mr Jonas Palm with colleagues of Media-Tryck, Lund, and the staff of Dataporten, Hässleholm, have given me invaluable help with my computer problems. This book is justly dedicated to the memory of my parents, fil. lic. Reinhold Jepson and Mrs Märta Jepson. My father died before I had begun to work on my thesis, but he has set me an excellent example, and the thought of him has inspired me during all the years of this project. My mother followed with great interest my work until she died, and without her loving support this thesis would never have been written. Hässleholm, September, 2011. Boel Jepson 6 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................. 9 1.1 General background .................................................................................................. 9 1.1.1 Boundaries ......................................................................................................................9 1.1.2 When there were no maps ............................................................................................. 12 1.1.3 Boundary disputes ......................................................................................................... 13 1.1.4 How old are the boundaries? ......................................................................................... 15 1.2 Previous research .................................................................................................... 15 1.3 The present work ..................................................................................................... 16 1.3.1 Aim and scope ............................................................................................................... 16 1.3.2 Sources .......................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.3 Method and material ..................................................................................................... 20 Chapter 2 OE (ge)mǣre .............................................................................. 23 2.1 Introductory remarks ............................................................................................... 23 2.2 Material ................................................................................................................... 24 2.2.1 GLOUCESTERSHIRE ................................................................................................. 24 2.2.2 THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE ....................................................................... 38 2.2.3 OTHER COUNTIES ..................................................................................................... 49 2.3 Discussion ............................................................................................................... 89 Chapter 3 OE mearc .................................................................................... 93 3.1 Introductory remarks ............................................................................................... 93 3.2 Material ................................................................................................................... 96 3.2.1 GLOUCESTERSHIRE ................................................................................................. 96 3.2.2 THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE ....................................................................... 99 3.2.3 OTHER COUNTIES ................................................................................................... 103 3.3 Discussion ............................................................................................................. 119 Chapter 4 OE *rān, *rǣn(e), ON rein ....................................................... 125 4.1 Introductory remarks ............................................................................................. 125 4.2 Material ................................................................................................................. 128 4.2.1 GLOUCESTERSHIRE ............................................................................................... 128 4.2.2 THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE ..................................................................... 129 4.2.3 OTHER COUNTIES ................................................................................................... 146 4.3 Discussion ............................................................................................................. 152 Chapter 5 ON rá ........................................................................................ 157 5.1 Introductory remarks ............................................................................................. 157 5.2 Material ................................................................................................................. 158 (5.2.1 GLOUCESTERSHIRE) ............................................................................................. 158 5.2.2 THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE ..................................................................... 158 5.2.3 OTHER COUNTIES