Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report
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2013 HASSAN CITY BUS SERVICE EVALUATION REPORT Directorate of Urban Land Transport August 2013 Page | 0 Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 Background 4 1.2 Hassan City at a Glance 5 1.3 Demographics of Hassan City 6 1.4 Vehicular composition in Hassan City 6 1.5 Financing of City Bus Services in Hassan 7 1.6 Hassan City Transport Service 7 2 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION METHODOLOGY 10 2.1 Performance Review Methodology 10 2.1.1 Evaluation based on Service Level Benchmarks (As specified by the MoUD) 10 2.1.2 Evaluation based on various perspectives 11 3 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 12 3.1 Performance Evaluation of Public Transportation System for a Medium sized city 12 3.1.1 City Perspective 13 3.1.1.1 Level of Service-City perspective 15 3.1.2 User perspective 17 3.1.2.1 Level of Service chart- User perspective 20 3.1.3 Operators perspective 22 3.1.3.1 Level of service chart- Operators perspective 26 4 BUS OPERATION IMPACTS 30 4.1 Passenger Convenience 30 4.2 Impact on the user 30 5 CONCLUSION 31 1 | P a g e Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 List of Table Table 1-1: Demographic Details ............................................................................................................... 6 Table 1-2: Vehicular Details ..................................................................................................................... 6 Table 1-3: Details of Bus Route ................................................................................................................ 8 Table 1-4: Route Details ........................................................................................................................... 9 Table 3-1: Level of service- City perspective .......................................................................................... 16 Table 3-2: Level of service- Commuters perspective ............................................................................. 21 Table 3-3: Performance Indicators ........................................................................................................ 23 Table 3-4: Operators perspective .......................................................................................................... 27 2 | P a g e Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 List of Figure Figure 1-1: Hassan City Map .................................................................................................................... 5 Figure 1-2: Passengers carried ................................................................................................................. 8 Figure 1-3: Route Map ............................................................................................................................. 9 Figure 3-1: Mode share before and after the introduction of City service............................................ 15 Figure 3-2: Photographs of passenger opinion survey .......................................................................... 18 Figure 3-3: Comparison of Various parameters ..................................................................................... 29 3 | P a g e Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 1 Introduction 1.1 Background Effective operation of urban bus system is vital for the development of any city. There is a widespread reliance on public transport, providing mobility within urban areas throughout the world. However, public prefer to use private vehicles due to the various reasons including inefficient operation of city bus service in most of the Indian cities. The private vehicles vying for limited road space along with buses has resulted in congestion, accidents and vehicular pollution in most of the Indian cities. The problem of pollution, safety and inefficiency have reached an alarming level in most of the major cities in India due to the unabated growth of population - both people and motor vehicles. Thus, there is an immediate need to improve the performance of bus system to retain the passengers and discourage the use of private vehicles. Buses can operate over existing roadway facilities with minimum construction cost, offer transit services at a much lower cost per passenger. Furthermore, buses provide the greatest flexibility in service routes to meet the current transport demand. Thus, improved performance of urban bus service could essentially contribute to improved environmental conditions in medium sized cities by shifting mobility from private modes towards more efficient environmental-friendly and safer travel modes. However, improvement in City bus system is not an easy task due to the fact that city bus systems are affected by socio- economic, financial, environmental, and political factors along with technological factors and physical problems. Performance of a bus system is affected by several criteria, such as increase in the number of buses, bus stops, and passengers, and changes along roadways and in land uses. Therefore, the various issues causing inefficient operation of bus services needs to be identified and also appropriate techniques/measures should be formulated to resolve these issues. The Government of Karnataka created the Directorate of Urban Land Transport (DULT) under the Urban Development Department to integrate and coordinate all land transport matters in the State. Directorate of Urban Land Transport (DULT), Government of Karnataka, took up the initiative of the introduction of city bus services in the Tier II cities. Page | 4 Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 As a part of this initiative, Performance evaluation was conducted for the newly introduced City Bus Services partly funded from State Urban Transport Fund through DULT for Hassan City. In the above context, this study identifies some of the important issues related with the performance of newly introduced bus system in Hassan city and also suggests some solutions for improvement in the performance of the City bus system. Rapidly rising operating cost in the City bus services have placed increasing emphasis on improved management and better utilization of existing facilities. It is required to evaluate how well the existing city bus system is providing services to the public. Therefore, new techniques to assist the evaluation of performance of City bus services are needed. Thus, this study also presents some indicators which can be used to evaluate efficiency and effectiveness of urban bus service. It is expected that this study will be useful to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of bus system in urban area. 1.2 Hassan City at a Glance Hassan District is located in the southern part of Karnataka state in India. It is about 187 Km from Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka. Hassan is the district headquarters. Lying between 13° 33´ N latitudes and 76º38´ E longitude, Hassan district has a total area of 6826.15 Sq. Kms. The geography is mixed with the mountainous region to the west and south west called Bisle Ghat and the maidan or plains regions in the north, south and east. There are some areas of degraded forest ranges in central portion of the district. Their capital was at Figure 1-1: Hassan City Map Dwarasamundra (Dwaravati-pura), the ruins of which are still to be seen scattered round the town of Halebidu. 5 | P a g e Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 The main attraction in Belur is the Chennakesava temple complex which contains the Chennakesava Temple (dedicated to Chennakeshava) as the centre piece, surrounded by the Kappe Chennigraya temple built by Shantaladevi, queen of king Vishnuvardhana. Shravanabelagola is a city located in the Hassan district and is 158 km from Bangalore. It is one of the most important Jain pilgrim centers. 1.3 Demographics of Hassan City The city has a population of 1, 47,000 persons (as per 2011 Census). Table 2.1 illustrates the growth of population in Hassan City from 1981 to 2011. It can be clearly seen that population of Hassan has grown significantly since 1981. Table 1-1: Demographic Details Hassan City Sl. No. Year Growth Population (%) 1 1981 90,823 23.50% 2 1991 1,08,706 19.64% 3 2001 1,33,728 23.01% 4 2011 1,47,000 9.9% (Source: Census of India) 1.4 Vehicular composition in Hassan City The vehicular composition of Hassan City is as given in the table below. Table 1-2: Vehicular Details Type of vehicle Per cent (%) Motor Cycles 80.8 Car/Jeeps 10.01 Auto Rickshaws 2.08 Maxi cabs and Others 0.40 Public Transport 6.71 Total 100 (Source:- RTO office as on 30/05/2012) 6 | P a g e Hassan City Bus Service Evaluation Report 2013 1.5 Financing of City Bus Services in Hassan The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation operates routes connecting Hassan with other parts of Karnataka as well as other states. Hassan is connected by road via national highway No. 48 to rest of the country. Hassan comes under the South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Hassan is connected by rail to most cities in Karnataka, as well as Mumbai and other major cities in India. As per the recent statistics, the vehicular population in Hassan city is 1, 44,500 of which 1,25,902 came from motorcycles alone. Lack of effective public transport facilities have forced the citizens to opt for personalized modes of transport and other Para-transit (auto- rickshaws). In this regard, a proposal for the induction of 20 buses were proposed by Karnataka state Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) in September 2010 and sent to Government of Karnataka (GoK) seeking financial assistance. Considering the need