DOCSLIB.ORG

Recovery of Mountain Plum-Pine Shrubland After Wildfire (Cobberas)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recovery of Mountain Plum-Pine Shrubland After Wildfire (Cobberas) Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Series Report No. 153 Recovery of Mountain Plum-Pine Shrubland After Wildfire (Cobberas) Arn Tolsma, Fiona Coates & Geoff Sutter December 2004 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental I Research Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment Melbourne, December 2004 © The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004 This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. ISBN 1 74152 086 X ISSN 0810-5774 For more information contact the DSE Customer Service Centre 136 186 Front cover: Mountain Plum-Pine (Podocarpus lawrencei) on Cleft Peak, eastern Victoria. Disclaimer This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. Citation Tolsma, A, Coates, F. and Sutter, G. (2004) Recovery of Mountain Plum-Pine Shrubland After Wildfire (Cobberas). Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical series Report No. 153. Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria, Melbourne. II Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................ III List of Figures and Tables............................................................................................... IV Executive Summary..........................................................................................................V Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 6 Methods ............................................................................................................................ 9 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................... 11 Management Implications.............................................................................................. 20 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 23 References...................................................................................................................... 24 III Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery List of Figures and Tables Figures Figure 1. Mountain Plum-Pine (Podocarpus lawrencei). ...................................................................6 Figure 2. Distribution of Podocarpus lawrencei in Victoria .............................................................7 Figure 4. Podocarpus population ‘PLAW3’ at Cleft Peak. This population was mostly unburnt, with only minor scorching at the edges. .................................................................... 13 Figure 5. Podocarpus population ‘PLAW7’ at Cobberas 1. Only around 10% of this population remained unburnt, with 80% currently showing no signs of regeneration. ... 14 Figure 6. Podocarpus population ‘PLAW11’ at Middle Peak. This population was only burnt in one small corner........................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 8. Burnt Podocarpus at the edge of a community at Moscow Peak. Fire intensity was almost always higher at the margins than within the community. ....................................... 17 Figure 9. Dead Podocarpus in the centre of a community at Middle Peak, with fire intensity only sufficient to burn the bark. ................................................................................................... 17 Figure 10. Resprouting from epicormic buds on lower branches at Cleft Peak........................ 18 Figure 11. Resprouting from epicormic buds on a lightly scorched, small specimen of Podocarpus at Cleft Peak................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 12. Three year-old resprouts on a Podocarpus that was burnt at Cleft Peak in April 2001, highlighting the low growth rate. ...................................................................................... 19 Figure 13. Podocarpus seedlings under scorched shrubs at Moscow Peak ................................ 19 Figure 14. Podocarpus seedling at Moscow Peak. Root resprouts were outwardly similar, but lacked the soft, white root tissue.................................................................................................. 20 Figure 15. Hoof damage from horses among rocky outcrops at Moscow Peak. ....................... 21 Tables Table 1. Summary data for 25 populations of Podocarpus lawrencei in the Cobberas area, eastern Victoria. .............................................................................................................................. 11 IV Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery Executive Summary Populations of Mountain Plum-Pine (Podocarpus lawrencei), ranging in size from around 10 m2 to 3000 m2, were assessed at five peaks on the Cobberas Range, eastern Victoria in March 2004 under the Victorian Bushfire Recovery Program. The aims were to determine the extent of damage to the populations from the 2003 alpine fires, the mode and success of regeneration, any threats that might act upon that regeneration, and to identify urgent management actions. The proportion of each population killed varied substantially, ranging from zero to 95%. The total proportion killed at each of the five peaks ranged from 2% to 63%, with an overall average of 28%. Podocarpus did not carry fire with the same intensity as adjacent shrubby vegetation, but it was sufficiently sensitive to fire that burning of the bark at the base of the trunk caused plant death. Regeneration of scorched plants was occurring, albeit at low levels, through resprouts on the trunks and branches, and occasional root resprouts. Sprout location was directly related to the intensity with which individual plants were burnt or scorched. Small numbers of seedlings were present, ranging in size from around 2 to 6 cm. Fire management plans to protect the remaining populations are recommended, along with continued rabbit control. Weeds do not currently pose a threat. However, periodical monitoring of weeds and other factors that might affect on-going regeneration success is recommended. V Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery Introduction The Mountain Plum-Pine Podocarpus lawrencei (Figure 1) is the only native conifer occurring in the wet forests and alpine areas of mainland eastern Australia (Gibson et al. 1995). Figure 1. Mountain Plum-Pine (Podocarpus lawrencei). Clockwise (from top left); growth habit, female seed, male cones, male cones on branch, leaves. Source: Viridans Biological Databases and Andy Blackburn. This small-leaved conifer, with separate male and female plants, is widespread as a small to medium shrub of rocky areas in alpine and sub-alpine areas of Victoria (Figure 2), Tasmania and New South Wales. In exposed areas the species is often procumbent, hugging the face of glacial moraines, rock screes and outcrops. Where larger rocks afford adequate protection it may occur as a spreading shrub up to 2 metres tall. Very occasionally the species (or plants with close affinities) is found as a large shrub or small tree (up to 20 metres tall) in subalpine woodland (such as at Echo Flat, Lake Mountain) or in montane wet forest (Goonmirk Rocks on the Errinundra Plateau (Podocarpus spp. aff. 6 Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery nov.) and a site on the Mersey River in Tasmania). These non-alpine occurrences have generated much interest as to the age of the plants and their taxonomic, genetic and ecological significance. The likely fire history of such sites is of particular interest, as the species is usually considered to be both slow growing and sensitive to all but the lowest intensity fires (Barker 1991). Indeed, growth rates are so slow that a 170-year old specimen near Mt Kosciuszko was recorded with a trunk diameter of only 6 cm (ANBG 2003). Figure 2. Distribution of Podocarpus lawrencei in Victoria (Source: Viridans Biological Databases). Alpine vegetation communities dominated by Podocarpus lawrencei are thought to be pioneers of scree slopes (Costin et al. 1979) and the protection provided by the shrub may be important in the colonisation of this habitat by many plants and animals. Most notably, the endangered Mountain Pygmy-Possum (Burramys parvus) relies heavily on this habitat for shelter and food. Due to its restricted range and importance, Mountain Plum-Pine Shrubland is potentially a threatened community in Victoria. 7 Technical Report No. 153 Mountain Plum-pine Recovery The extensive fires in eastern Victoria and southern New South Wales of January-February 2003 burnt a large part of the Mountain Plum-Pine’s mainland range, raising concerns about the species survival and regeneration over large areas. The ability of the community to recover from fire is relatively unknown, although seedlings and basal resprouts were observed after a fire on the Cobberas Range in April 2001
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Christmas 2019 Newsletter
    BRINDABELLA BUSHWALKING CLUB CHRISTMAS 2019 NEWSLETTER On behalf of the Brindabella Bushwalking Club committee, I would like to wish you all a happy and safe Christmas break before kicking off into the New Year's activities. You will all have received the program for January to June by now and seen that our leaders have come up with another terrific offering of walks and social events. For what I think is a first for the club, we even have something planned for every weekend in January. With the current heatwave, this might seem a bit ambitious, but I hope not. The first social event for the year is the Mt Ainslie Sunset Walk on Friday 7 February. This is always a pleasant gathering, with snacks and drinks provided by the social committee at the summit. If you aren't up to doing the walk, just turn up at the top anyway for a catch-up with your friends. The bushfires, which are not yet extinguished, have devastated much of Tallaganda National Park, the coastal bushland between Batemans Bay and Ulladulla, and are now burning through the Budawang Wilderness area and the southern sections of Morton National Park (more details later). This will impact our walking program somewhat and we can only hope that Namadgi and the Brindabellas escape the fires through this hot, very dry season. There is a report on the recent trip to Jindabyne and also a couple of brief items in this newsletter that I hope are of interest to you. Peter Dalton President g Corrected Walk Description A gremlin caused an error in the walk description for Sunday 5 January - the corrected description is shown below and an email will also be sent out in the week before the walk.
    [Show full text]
  • Protection of the Alpine National Park: Feral Horse Strategic Action Plan 2018–2021
    Protection of the Alpine National Park: Feral Horse Strategic Action Plan 2018–2021 This report has been prepared by Parks Victoria Environment and Science Division Parks Victoria (ABN 95 337 637 697) Copyright © Parks Victoria 2017 Level 10, 535 Bourke Street, Melbourne VIC 3000 Photo credits Photos © Parks Victoria except as noted below where copyright belongs to the credited photographer or institution Museums Victoria, horses at Native Dog Flat (Figure 1) Henrik Wahren, Mt Nelse (Figure 3) Royal Tasmanian Botanic Gardens, Small Star-plantain (Figure 4) David Paul, Museums Victoria, Alpine Spiny Crayfish (Figure 6) David Paul, Museums Victoria, Broad-tooth Rat (Figure 7) G Worboys, Alpine Water-skink (Figure 8) David Paul, Museums Victoria, Alpine Tree Frog (Figure 9) Rodney Start, Museums Victoria, Horse mob with foals (Figure 20) Back cover: Murray River source, Cowombat Flat, Alpine NP - Feral Horse exclusion plots Contents Executive summary ...................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose of the plan ...................................................................................................................... 2 Background ................................................................................................................................. 4 Environmental values .................................................................................................................. 6 Vegetation .....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc. Abn 14 396 912 508
    MELBOURNE BUSHWALKERS INC. ABN 14 396 912 508 February THE NEWS #839 2021 Sunset walk, Snake Island - D. Shand The News of the Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc (The WE ARE A MEMBER OF News) is published monthly, and is the official newsletter of Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc. Editor: Deb Shand Calls for expressions of interest for club activities and extended trips, walk reviews, articles, poems, news items, photographs of Club events, reports Members of the Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc meet of new gear, book/ movie reviews, letters to the on Wednesday evenings between 6.30-8.30 pm in editor, advertisements, et cetera are always the club rooms at: welcome. However, the Editor reserves the right to Mission to Seafarers Victoria edit contributions where space, clarity or propriety 717 Flinders Street dictate, and to maintain editorial consistency. Docklands Visitors are always welcome! Note: photographs should be sent as separate high resolution files which are capable of being edited. General correspondence should be directed to: Please send your contributions as unformatted The Secretary text files by email to [email protected] Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc PO Box 1751 Closing date for receipt of material for The News is MELBOURNE VIC 3001 the 21st of the month. www.melbournebushwalkers.org.au Advertisements should relate to bushwalking (e.g. gear, maps, trips, tours, health and fitness etc.). These may be published subject to space availability and Editor’s discretion. For current advertising rates contact the Editor at [email protected] Next committee meeting: Monday 1 March AGM MARCH 24 AND COMMITTEE VACANCY The Melbourne Bushwalkers Annual General Meeting will take place on March 24 in the club rooms.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions to the Knowledge of Lichenicolous Fungi on Thamnolia
    Opuscula Philolichenum, 17: 368-373. 2018. *pdf effectively published online 12November2018 via (http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/) Contributions to the knowledge of lichenicolous fungi on Thamnolia MIKHAIL P. ZHURBENKO1 AND YOSHIHITO OHMURA2 ABSTRACT. – Capronia thamnoliae, Cercidospora thamnoliae and Cercidospora thamnoliicola are reported new to Japan; Endococcus thamnoliae new to Papua New Guinea; Merismatium thamnoliicola new to Norway; Polycoccum vermicularium new to Argentina, Australia, Colombia, Japan, Nepal and Papua New Guinea; Sphaerellothecium thamnoliae var. taimyricum new to Nepal; S. thamnoliae var. thamnoliae new to Australia, Falkland Islands, Japan and Papua New Guinea; Sphaeropezia santessonii new to Japan; Stigmidium frigidum new to Japan; Thamnogalla crombiei new to Australia, Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, North Korea and Papua New Guinea. Cornutispora ciliata is newly reported from Thamnolia. Material of Polycoccum vermicularium is shown to be morphologically heterogeneous. KEYWORDS. – Biodiversity, biogeography, lichenicolous mycobiota. INTRODUCTION Thamnolia Ach. ex Shaer. (Icmadophilaceae) is among the host lichen genera with the highest diversity of known lichenicolous fungi (Diederich et al. 2018b). At least 26 species of these fungi have been documented from Thamnolia (Diederich et al. 2018a; Zhurbenko 2012, 2017; also herein). Although thamnoliicolous fungi have been specifically treated by Ihlen (1995) and Zhurbenko (2012), including an identification key presented in the latter, their distribution and frequency is still poorly known. Here we provide new distributional records, range extensions and taxonomic notes on thamnoliicolous fungi that were found in conjunction with examining material at several major herbaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is based on 81 specimens of lichenicolous fungi found on Thamnolia deposited in H (33 specimens) and TNS (48 specimens).
    [Show full text]
  • Alpine National Park – Around Benambra, Buchan and Bonang Visitor Guide
    Alpine National Park – around Benambra, Buchan and Bonang Visitor Guide In the heart of the Australian Alps, this is one of Victoria’s largest and most remote areas of national park. The rugged landscape features the magnificent Snowy River and Suggan Buggan Valleys, the headwaters of the Murray River and spectacular peaks including the Cobberas and Mount Tingaringy. Getting there Tingaringy Falls – 800m, 50 minutes return. This part of the Alpine National Park adjoins Kosciuszko National Park along its northern boundary and the Snowy River National Park This short but steep walk leads through an open forest dominated to the south. by magestic Silvertop Ash and Red Stringybark before arriving at a The park is between 440 and 500 km north-east of Melbourne. The viewing platform, overlooking the beautiful waterfalls. The trail main access roads are all unsealed, narrow and winding and begins at Tingaringy Track, which is only accessible by 4WD and is generally unsuitable for caravans. closed seasonally. The Snowy River Road accesses the Snowy River at Willis on the Australian Alps Walking Track state border. This road becomes the Barry Way across the border and passes through Kosciuszko National Park en route to Jindabyne. The Bonang Road from Orbost is an alternative approach - McKillop The long distance Australian Alps Walking Track (AAWT) passes Road branches from it a few kilometres south of Bonang. through this area on its 650 km route between Walhalla (Gippsland, Vic.) and the Namadgi National Park Visitor Centre (near Canberra, The Limestone-Black Mountain Road crosses the central part of the ACT).
    [Show full text]
  • Background Paper 1 of 3 the Ecology of Wild Horses and Their
    The Ecology of Wild Horses and their Environmental Impact in the Victorian Alps May 2013 Background Paper 1 of 3 The Ecology of Wild Horses and their Environmental Impact in the Victorian Alps Wild horse exclusion plot, Native Cat Flat 2004 (source: Parks Victoria). Parks Victoria May 2013 This paper was written by: Joanna Axford 1, Michelle Dawson 2 and Daniel Brown 3 1 Formerly Parks Victoria, Bright 2 Eco Logical Australia 3 Parks Victoria, Bright Acknowledgements : Arn Tolsma and Nick Clemann (Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, DEPI) provided content and reviewed this paper. Charlie Pascoe, Dave Foster and Mike Dower (Parks Victoria) provided information on wild horse impacts in the Alpine National Park, and Malcolm Kennedy (formerly Parks Victoria) reviewed this paper. Joanne Lenehan, PhD candidate (University of New England), provided unpublished results of her study into wild horse impacts in Guy Fawkes River National Park. Alison Matthews (Charles Sturt University), Associate Professor J. Gilkerson (Equine Infectious Disease Laboratory, University of Melbourne) and H. Crabb (Principal Veterinary Officer-Intensive Farming Systems, DEPI Victoria) were consulted on various sections of this paper. The Ecology of Wild Horses and their Environmental Impact in the Victorian Alps May 2013 Acronym List ABA: Australian Brumby Alliance ABMA: Alpine Brumby Management Association AALC: Australian Alps Liaison Committee AANPs: Australian Alps National Parks ANP: Alpine National Park BAW: Bureau of Animal Welfare COP: Code of
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Feral Horses
    THE Th1PACT OF FERAL HORSES (Equus caballus) ON SUB-ALPINE AND MONTANE ENVIRONMENTS IN AUSTRALIA. Jennifer Dyrtng 1990 A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Applied Science, Division of Resource and Environmental Science, University of Canberra. ERRATA: p 15: ANON 1989c should read ALPINE PLANNING PROJECT TEAM 1989c p 63: Table 4.16 should read Table 4.1 p 67: Figs 4.2a & b should read Figs 4.4 a & b p 93: Willis (1970a & b) should read Willis (1970. 1972) ADDITIONS TO BmLIOGRAPHY: PERRY, RJ. and BRAYSHER, M.L. (1986) A technique for estimating the numbers of eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus. grazing a given area of pasture. Aust. WildI. Research 13: 335-338. PORTER. W.F. and CHURCH. K.E. (1987) Effects of environmental pattern on habitat preference analysis. J. Wildl. Management 51: 681-685. Statement of Originality: I certify to my authorship of the thesis ''The Impact of Feral Horses (Equus caballus) on Subalpine and Montane Environments in Australia." in terms of the Statement of Requirements for the Higher Degree Committee. f , ~'- ____ 'I'~ v'-'-.-\ -- "~\ ~"-' '\- '--"-......-':"""\ J ennifer Dyring Acknowledgements: Many thanks are due to the following people for help in the production of this thesis: Dr. Jim Hone. for supervision and critical comment. New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service staff. particularly: Ian Pulsford and Eda Addicott for administration of the proj ect; Dave Darlington. Megan Bowden. Craig Dickman for advice and field assistance; Paul Hardy and Andy Spate for advice; Steve Deck. Greg Byrne and George Freebody for local infonnation. and Reuben Byrne and crew for infonnation and track maintenance.
    [Show full text]
  • Walk-Issue24-1973.Pdf
    Terms and Conditions of Use Copies of Walk magazine are made available under Creative Commons - Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike copyright. Use of the magazine. You are free: • To Share -to copy, distribute and transmit the work • To Remix- to adapt the work Under the following conditions (unless you receive prior written authorisation from Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc.): • Attribution- You must attribute the work (but not in any way that suggests that Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc. endorses you or your use of the work). • Noncommercial- You may not use this work for commercial purposes. • Share Alike- If you alter, transform , or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitations on Liability. Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc. makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any content of this work. Melbourne Bushwalkers Inc. disclaims any warranty for the content, and will not be liable for any damage or loss resulting from the use of any content. DON'T BE LEFT BEHIND! KEEP UP WITH THE LEADERS - Use ''FLINDERS'', Australia's No. 1 Camping & Hiking equipment. HIKE TENTS • 11 MODELS RUCKSACKS • 11 MODELS 'H' FRAMED • 6 MODELS 'VENTURERS' HIGH PACK • NEW PATENTED DESIGN • CAPES • ACCESSOR I ES * VICTORIAN DISTRIBUTORS Aussie Disposals Molony, J Auski Myer Emporium (all stores) Bush Gear Sam Bear Footscray Disposals Scout Shop (all stores) Girl Guides' Association Waalwyk Camping Mainland Stores Geelong Disp., Geelong Melb. Sports Depot Ray's Disp., Geelong Mitchell's Army & Moe Disp., Moe Navy Store Oakleigh Disposals eHIGH PACK FLINDERS GEAR IS FULLY GUARANTEED TO BUY THE BEST QUALITY IS SOUND INVESTMENT Editor: Warren Baker Advertising: A tho I Schafer Distribution: Graham Wills-Johnson Barry Short All enquiries to: Melbourne Bushwalkers, Box 17510, G.P.O., Melbourne, 3001 WALK is a voluntary, non-profit venture published by the Melbourne Bushwalkers in the interests of bushwalking as a healthy and enjoyable recreation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Victorian Naturalist for Januaiy, 1S91 (Vol
    THE Victorian Naturalist: THE JOURNAL & MAGAZINE OP THE ijfyld ^UitMtalfete' €ki of ttotoria. MAY, 1922, TO APRIL, 1923. 1b0ll. BDitOl : MR. F. G. A. BARNARD, The Author of each Article is responsible for the facts and opinions recorded; Melbourne: WALKER, MAY & CO., PRINTERS, 429-431 BOURKE-STREET 1923, - INDEX. vu ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE Aboriginal Implements 63, 64, rt5 - Bream Creek : Shell Mounds 156 Broken Hill District, Map of - 132 Cast of Fossil Sea-Urchin - - 158 Eucalypt, A Tall - - 169 Grampians, Map of 88 Gravel Pit, Studley Park - - 158 Spry, The late Mr. F. P. - 60 Torquay : An Upraised Sea-Bed 35 Torquay : Bird Rock and Cliffs 34 Trees, Measurement of 169, 170, 171 ERRATA. Page 12—Note referring to errors in April (1022) Naturalist. Page 38, line 25—" Collected by Mr. E. H. Hatfield ll should follow " N.S.W." in line 28. 14— ! 1 Page CO, line ' zoologist should read "curator.' Page 97, line- 7—For " Conospermum " read " Comesperntunt' 1 Page 98, line 20—For ' D. corymbosum ll read " D. floribunda." Page 130, line 8—For '•' lygosid « read * iycosid.'- 1 Page 148—Correction of statement on page 82; Page 151, line 4 from bottom—For " markings u read " colour.' 1 c m Uictorian naturalist. Vol. XXXIX—No. I. MAY 4, 1922. No. 461 FIELD NATURALISTS' CLUE OF VICTORIA. The ordinary monthly meeting of the Club was held at the Royal Society's Hall on Monday evening, ioth April, 1922, The president, Mr F. Chapman, A.L.S , occupied the '-chair, and about 70 members and visitors were present. report. A report of the visit to the Clifton Hill quarries on Saturday.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Alps
    Australian Heritage Database Places for Decision Class : Natural Item: 1 Identification List: National Heritage List Name of Place: Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves Other Names: Place ID: 105891 File No: 1/08/284/0028 Primary Nominator: 4107 Minister for the Environment and Heritage Nomination Date: 30/01/2007 Principal Group: Alpine environments Status Legal Status: 30/01/2007 - Nominated place Admin Status: 03/06/2008 - Assessment by AHC completed Assessment Assessor: Recommendation: Place meets one or more NHL criteria Assessor's Comments: Other Assessments: : Location Nearest Town: Thredbo Village Distance from town (km): Direction from town: Area (ha): 1608650 Address: The Alpine Wy, Thredbo Village, NSW, 2625 LGA: Yass Valley NSW Alpine Shire VIC Towong Shire VIC East Gippsland Shire VIC Wellington Shire VIC Australian Capital Territory ACT Snowy River Shire NSW Bombala Shire NSW Mansfield Shire VIC Tumbarumba NSW Tumut NSW Cooma-Monaro NSW Location/Boundaries: About 1,653,180ha, comprising the following national parks and reserves located in the Australian Alps: Brindabella National Park, about 12050ha, 35km south-south-west of Yass, NSW; Namadgi National Park, about 105900ha, 35km south-west of Canberra, ACT; Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve, about 5500ha, 25km south-west of Canberra, ACT; Bimberi Nature Reserve, about 7100ha, 55km east-south-east of Tumut, NSW; Scabby Range Nature Reserve, about 3400ha, 25km north of Adaminaby, NSW; Kosciuszko National Park, about 690000ha, 10km west of Jindabyne, NSW; Alpine National Park, about 646000ha, 5km south-east of Mount Beauty, VIC; Snowy River National Park, about 98700ha, 25km north-north-west of Orbost, VIC; Avon Wilderness Park, about 40000ha, 30km north-north-west of Maffra, VIC.
    [Show full text]
  • Muelleria 18: 7Ð25 (2003)
    Muelleria 18: 7–25 (2003) New species and a new hybrid in the Viola hederacea species complex, with notes on Viola hederacea Labill. Kevin R. Thiele* and Suzanne M. Prober Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, CSIRO, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 *Author for correspondence Abstract The Viola hederacea Labill. species complex is widespread in south-eastern Australia. It has often been considered problematic, with numerous forms difficult to adequately diagnose and distinguish. This paper results from an assessment of the complex based on extensive field observations, which have shown that the complex is tractable and comprises a number of morphologically and ecologically distinct species. Two new species, Viola banksii K.R. Thiele & Prober sp. nov.,and V. eminens K.R. Thiele & Prober sp. nov., and a new hybrid, V. × zophodes K.R. Thiele & Prober nothosp. nov.,are described and illustrated, and a new circumscription provided for Viola hederacea sens. str. Introduction The Viola hederacea Labill. species complex comprises all taxa in Viola Section Erpetion (Sweet) Becker, characterised by non-leafy stipules and flowers that are saccate rather than spurred on the anterior petal. Apart from a single doubtful collection from Malaya (Moore 1962), the complex is restricted to Australia, where it has a wide distribution from south-eastern South Australia, through southern Victoria, Tasmania, and eastern New South Wales to Queensland north as far as Atherton (Fig. 1; Adams 1982; Seppelt 1986; James 1990; Entwisle 1996). Many forms are recognisable over this range. Adams (1982), in the most recent treatment of the complex, described a number of subspecies of V.
    [Show full text]
  • Feral Horses in the Alp's
    FERAL HORSES IN THE ALP'S Report of a Workshop, Howmans Gap, Victoria 12 -14 October 1992 Edited by: BRYAN W ALTERS DCNR and MARK HALLAM ANCA .:-. :,.- .' @.. " --.· ~' © Australian Alps Liaison Committee, June, 1993 ISBN 0 7306 2592 3 This work is copyright. Cop~ght in this printed edition is held by the Australian Alps Liaison Committee. Apart from any use as peimitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Copyright in individual papers, photographs and graphic images is held by the author/owner. Permission for reproduction of these items should also be directed to the author/copyright holder. Copies of this publication are available from: Australian Alps Liaison Committee C/- Australian Nature Conservation Agency G.P.O. Box 636 CANBERRA ACT 2601. Telephone (06) 2500355 The opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily express the views of any of the government ministers, heads of authorities or the Australian Alps Liaison Committee. ii· -....' .,':'; ... ~ .:. ·'.i: CONTENTS Page Workshop Recommendations v Acknowledgments VI Introduction Abstracts and Papers Presented . Feral Horse Biology, Reproduction~ Behaviour & . DaveBennan 5 Population Prediction Fertility Control Bryan Waiters 11 The Impact of Feral Horses on Sub-Alpine and J ennifer Dyring 13 Montane Environments in Australia Managing Vertebrate Pests: Feral Horses Dave Bennan 15 State Policies, Programs and Special Requirements Mark Hallam 21 Welfare Issues, Public Attitudes and Perceptions Bryan. WaIters 23 Acceptable Impacts - Bona Fide Horse Operations John Harris 25 Uses of Horses in Park Management Neil Ward 27 Feral Horses in New South Wales Paul Hardey 29 Brumby Running Clubs in Victoria Richard L auri er 31 Workshop Session Findings, Session Points and Recommendations Monitoring' Horses and Their Impacts 35 Attitudes and Education .
    [Show full text]