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Redalyc.Nacionalismo E Antiliberalismo Em Portugal. Uma Visão Histórico-Política (1820-1940)
Historia Crítica ISSN: 0121-1617 [email protected] Universidad de Los Andes Colombia Castro Leal, Ernesto Nacionalismo e antiliberalismo em Portugal. Uma visão histórico-política (1820-1940) Historia Crítica, núm. 56, abril-junio, 2015, pp. 113-135 Universidad de Los Andes Bogotá, Colombia Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=81138621006 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto 113 Nacionalismo e antiliberalismo em Portugal. Uma visão histórico-política (1820-1940)Ï Profesor Asociado del Departamento de Historia e investigador del Centro de Historia de Facultad de Letras de la Universidad de Lisboa (Portugal). Licenciado en Historia, magíster y doctor en Historia Contemporánea de la misma Universi- dad. Entre sus publicaciones recientes se encuentran: Partidos e Programas. O Campo Partidário Republicano Português (1910-1926) (Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade Ernesto de Coimbra, 2008); “Abel Varzim, o Catolicismo Social e a Crítica dos Totalita- Castro Leal rismos”, en Poder e Moralidade. O Totalitarismo e outras Experiências Anti-liberais na Mo- dernidade, ed., José Maurício de Carvalho (São Paulo: Annablume/Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, 2012), 91-104; “Modernistas Portugueses e Ideias de Europa. Entre o Cosmopolitismo e o Nacionalismo”, en Repensar a Europa. Europa de Longe, Europa de Perto, eds., José Eduardo Franco, Beata Cieszynska y Teresa Pin- heiro (Lisboa: Gradiva, 2013), 131-138. [email protected] Artículo recibido: 03 de febrero de 2014 Aprobado: 12 de junio de 2014 Modificado: 18 de junio de 2014 DOI: dx.doi.org/10.7440/histcrit56.2015.05 Ï El presente artículo es producto de una pesquisa mayor titulada “Nacionalismo e Antiliberalismo em Portugal, 1789-1945”, la cual no recibió ningún tipo de financiamiento. -
A Historiography of Fascism
History in the Making Volume 6 Article 5 2013 A Historiography of Fascism Glenn-Iain Steinback CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the Political History Commons Recommended Citation Steinback, Glenn-Iain (2013) "A Historiography of Fascism," History in the Making: Vol. 6 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol6/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Articles History Department’s 2013 Faculty Choice Award A Historiography of Fascism By Glenn-Iain Steinback Abstract: A long-standing historical debate revolves around the definition, fundamental nature and historical constraints of the concept of fascism. A wide array of scholarly questions about the political and ideological nature of fascism, the minimum or necessary traits of a fascist movement, arguments over the classification of semi-fascist groups and the concept of generic fascism characterize this debate. The result is a substantial body of scholarly research replete with competing theories for the evolution and origin of fascism as a concept, of individual fascist movements and even over the geographic and temporal application of the term itself within history. This paper is a historiography of fascist studies that illuminates the development of the scholarly narrative and understanding of fascism. Beginning with the historically contemporary Marxist perceptive of fascism, this paper examines competing and complimentary understandings of the phenomenon across the twentieth century, including various theories for the evolution of fascism in Europe, the relationship to and placement of fascism in the broader political spectrum, and the debate over fascism as a form of political religion. -
Três Teses Sobre a Ucronia E a Floresta
Três teses sobre a Ucronia e a Floresta Utópica: a propósito do Integralismo Lusitano Autor(es): Archer, Paulo Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/43723 DOI: DOI:https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-8925_24_10 Accessed : 24-Sep-2021 03:22:27 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. impactum.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt P a u l o A r c h e r Revista da Historia das Ideias Vol. 24 (2003) TRÊS TESES SOBRE A UCRONIA E A FLORESTA UTÓPICA A propósito do Integralismo Lusitano "Entre o que vive e a vida P'ra que lado corre o rio?" Fernando Pessoa "Liberdade e libertação são uma tarefa que nunca acaba" Umberto Eco Um dos problemas nucleares suscitados por alguns estudos de história intelectual, das ideias e da cultura, consiste na decifração do lugar e das relações que entre si os movimentos dos intelectuais articulam. -
The Poverty of Philosophy and Its Contemporary Relevance
Crisis, Revolution, and the Meaning of Progress: The Poverty of Philosophy and its Contemporary Relevance Michael Joseph Roberto Proudhon and Marx ABSTRACT: In 1847, Marx wrote The Poverty of Philosophy, his polemical response to Pierre Joseph Proudhon’s System of Economical Contradictions Or, The Philosophy of Poverty, published a year earlier. Marx and Proudhon were the principal antagonists in the struggle for influence and control of the emerging European workers movement then fueled by the first great crisis of modern capitalism. While Marx propagated communist revolution as a solution to the crisis, Proudhon sought to preserve “good capitalism” by attempting to formulate a new political economy that would reconcile contradictions of capitalist exchange by means of reciprocal agreements and transactions; in a word, mutualism. In The Poverty of Philosophy, Marx took Proudhon to task for creating a massive “dialectical phantasmagoria” in the System of Economical Contradictions. Usually regarded as his first detailed treatment of political economy, Marx’s book also contains an implicit conception of social and historical progress based on the principles of contradiction, paradox, and Copyright © 2009 by Michael Joseph Roberto and Cultural Logic, ISSN 1097-3087 Michael Joseph Roberto 2 practice. Today, as the U.S. experiences an irreversible and possibly terminal capitalist crisis, Marx’s polemic against Proudhon remains instructive as an historical, theoretical, and practical-political guide. Key features of the Marx- Proudhon divide in the 1840s are now being recast in contemporary guises and forms. The Left must distinguish between revolutionary Marxist solutions and variations of the New Proudhonism. While Marxism holds the potential for revolutionary, socialist transformation and renewed social progress, the New Proudhonism seeks to save “good capitalism” – ironically and tragically, carrying with it the plausibility of a more coercive and barbarous system. -
Robert O. Paxton-The Anatomy of Fascism -Knopf
Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page b also by robert o. paxton French Peasant Fascism Europe in the Twentieth Century Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, 1940–1944 Parades and Politics at Vichy Vichy France and the Jews (with Michael R. Marrus) Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page i THE ANATOMY OF FASCISM Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page ii Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page iii THE ANATOMY OF FASCISM ROBERT O. PAXTON Alfred A. Knopf New York 2004 Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page iv this is a borzoi book published by alfred a. knopf Copyright © 2004 by Robert O. Paxton All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Distributed by Random House, Inc., New York. www.aaknopf.com Knopf, Borzoi Books, and the colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc. isbn: 1-4000-4094-9 lc: 2004100489 Manufactured in the United States of America First Edition Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page v To Sarah Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page vi Paxt_1400040949_8p_all_r1.qxd 1/30/04 4:38 PM Page vii contents Preface xi chapter 1 Introduction 3 The Invention of Fascism 3 Images of Fascism 9 Strategies 15 Where Do We Go from Here? 20 chapter 2 Creating Fascist Movements 24 The Immediate Background 28 Intellectual, Cultural, and Emotional -
Le Cercle Proudhon, Entre Édouard Berth Et Georges Valois
LE CERCLE PROUDHON, ENTRE EDOUARD BERTH ET GEORGES VALOIS A l’époque où il publie ses Méfaits des intellectuels , en 1914, la grande idée du très sorélien Edouard Berth, décrit par Yves Guchet comme le « plus remarquable peut-être des collaborateurs » des Cahiers du Cercle Proudhon 1, est que Maurras et Sorel se complètent l’un l’autre à la façon d’Apollon et de Dionysos. « L’Action française qui, avec Maurras, est une incarnation nouvelle de l’esprit apollinien, par sa collusion avec le syndicalisme qui, avec Sorel, représente l’esprit dionysien, écrit-il, va pouvoir enfanter un nouveau grand siècle , une de ces réussites historiques qui, après elles, laissent le monde longtemps ébloui et comme fasciné »2. Berth, on aura l’occasion de le voir, changera d’avis par la suite. Mais il ne fait pas de doute que cette conclusion correspond alors aux leçons qu’il a tirés de sa participation aux activités du Cercle Proudhon, cénacle entouré aujourd’hui, près d’un siècle plus tard, d’une sorte d’aura mythique, mais dont l’histoire et la signification exigent d’être mises en perspective de façon plus large. Le principal animateur du Cercle Proudhon n’a toutefois pas été Edouard Berth, mais Georges Valois, personnage atypique dont l’itinéraire, en dépit des quelques travaux qui lui ont été consacrés, reste encore trop peu connu. De l’anarchisme à l’Action française Georges Valois, de son vrai nom Alfred-Georges Gressent, est né le 7 octobre 1878 à Paris, dans une famille ouvrière et paysanne. Son père, un Normand venu s’installer comme boucher à Montrouge, meurt accidentellement trois ans plus tard. -
Proudhon's Influence in Belgium: Nationalism and Culture
Proudhon’s influence in Belgium: nationalism and culture Erik Buelinckx 2009 Contents Abstract 3 Proudhon in Belgium (1858–1862). Nationalism and Culture. 3 Proudhon’s influence in Belgium: nationalism and culture. 4 Introduction ................................. 4 Trialectics? .................................. 5 Proudhon and Belgium ........................... 6 Proudhon and religion ............................ 10 Proudhon and nationalism ......................... 11 Georges Sorel ................................. 13 Hendrik de Man ............................... 16 Rudolf Rocker ................................ 17 Conclusion .................................. 20 Key literature 21 2 Abstract Proudhon in Belgium (1858–1862). Nationalism and Culture. Erik Buelinckx will reflect on the influence Proudhon eventually had onright wing nationalism in Belgium and abroad. This influence can be retraced toa broader pilfering of Proudhon’s ideas to sustain far-right ideologies across Europe and is an important, if negative element of Proudhon’s legacy and one which must be engaged with. After bringing up the links Proudhon had with Belgium, theuse and abuse of some of his ideas on religion and nationalism will be presented, fol- lowed by his influence on Georges Sorel, Hendrik de Man and Rudolf Rocker, three, more or less forgotten, but in their time influential thinkers of the first halfofthe twentieth century. 3 Proudhon’s influence in Belgium: nationalism and culture. Introduction ‘The people has never done anything else but praying and paying: we believe the time has come to make them PHILOSOPHIZE’ (1860, v1, p. II). In Brussels, writing these lines for the new introduction to the second edition of his key work De la Justice dans la Révolution et dans l’Église, Proudhon could seem to be overly optimistic that during and after his lifetime, and at least regarding his own texts, this would show true. -
Fascism in Europe, 1919-1945
Fascism in Europe, 1919–1945 ‘An excellent brief survey of fascism which treats all the major themes and problems, and is highly recommended.’ Stanley Payne, University of Wisconsin-Madison ‘The first book which makes the era of fascism as a whole fully intelligible to the student and the general reader.’ Roger Griffin, Oxford Brookes University Fascism in Europe, 1919–1945 surveys the elusive and controversial phenom- enon which is still the object of interest and debate over fifty years after its defeat in the Second World War. It introduces recent scholarship and continuing debates on the nature of fascism as well as often contentious con- tributions by foreign historians and political scientists. From the pre-First World War intellectual origins of fascism to its demise in 1945, this book examines: • the two ‘waves’ of fascism – in the period immediately following the First World War and in the late 1920s and early 1930s; • whether the European crisis created by the Treaty of Versailles allowed fascism to take root; • why fascism came to power in Italy and Germany, but not anywhere else in Europe; • fascism’s own claim to be an international and internationalist move- ment; • the idea of ‘totalitarianism’ as the most useful and appropriate way of analysing the fascist regimes. With a timeline of key dates, maps, illustrations, a glossary and a guide to further reading, Fascism in Europe, 1919–1945 is an invaluable introduction to this fascinating political movement and ideology. Philip Morgan is Senior Lecturer in Contemporary European History at the University of Hull. His previous publications include Italian Fascism, 1919–1945 (1995) and Italy, 1915–1940 (1998). -
Nacionalismo E Antiliberalismo Em Portugal. Uma Visão Histórico-Política (1820-1940)Ï
113 Nacionalismo e antiliberalismo em Portugal. Uma visão histórico-política (1820-1940)Ï Profesor Asociado del Departamento de Historia e investigador del Centro de Historia de Facultad de Letras de la Universidad de Lisboa (Portugal). Licenciado en Historia, magíster y doctor en Historia Contemporánea de la misma Universi- dad. Entre sus publicaciones recientes se encuentran: Partidos e Programas. O Campo Partidário Republicano Português (1910-1926) (Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade Ernesto de Coimbra, 2008); “Abel Varzim, o Catolicismo Social e a Crítica dos Totalita- Castro Leal rismos”, en Poder e Moralidade. O Totalitarismo e outras Experiências Anti-liberais na Mo- dernidade, ed., José Maurício de Carvalho (São Paulo: Annablume/Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, 2012), 91-104; “Modernistas Portugueses e Ideias de Europa. Entre o Cosmopolitismo e o Nacionalismo”, en Repensar a Europa. Europa de Longe, Europa de Perto, eds., José Eduardo Franco, Beata Cieszynska y Teresa Pin- heiro (Lisboa: Gradiva, 2013), 131-138. [email protected] Artículo recibido: 03 de febrero de 2014 Aprobado: 12 de junio de 2014 Modificado: 18 de junio de 2014 DOI: dx.doi.org/10.7440/histcrit56.2015.05 Ï El presente artículo es producto de una pesquisa mayor titulada “Nacionalismo e Antiliberalismo em Portugal, 1789-1945”, la cual no recibió ningún tipo de financiamiento. Aspectos preliminares de este artículo fueron presentados en “Antiliberalismo. Vias de pensamento e de acção”, em Dança dos Demónios. Intolerância em Portugal (Antissemitismo, anticlericalismo, anti-islamismo, antijesuitismo, antifeminismo, antiliberalismo, antiprotestantismo, antimaçonismo, anticomunismo, antiamericanismo), eds. António Marujo e José Eduardo Franco (Lisboa: Círculo de Leitores/Temas e Debates, 2009), 484-533. -
The Nature of Fascism Revisited
THE NATURE OF FASCISM REVISITED ANTÓNIO COSTA PINTO THE NATURE OF FASCISM REVISITED SOCIAL SCIENCE MONOGRAPHS, BOULDER DISTRIBUTED BY COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, NEW YORK 2012 © 2012 António Costa Pinto ISBN 978-0-88033-666-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2009939128 Printed in the United States of America For my son Filipe Contents !. List of Figures and Tables vii 2. Preface and acknowledgements ix 1. Fascists: A ‘revolutionary right’ in interwar Europe ! 2. The origins of fascist ideology: The Sternhell debate "# 3. New interpretations (I): The constituencies of fascism $% 4. New interpretations (II): Conceptual problems &' 5. Fascism, dictators, and charisma %# 6. Ruling elites, political institutions, and decision- making in fascist-era dictatorships: Comparative perspectives (# 7. Fascism, corporatism, and authoritarian institutions in interwar European dictatorships !!# 8. Index !)! List of Figures and Tables Figures 5.1 *e charismatic triangle 82 Tables 5.1 Forms of political legitimation 85 6.1 Ministers’ occupational background (%) 108 6.2 Political o+ces held by ministers (%) 109 7.1 Dictatorship and corporatism in Europe (1918–45) 125 The origins of 2 fascist ideology: The Sternhell debate With Ni droite ni gauche: L’idéologie du fascisme en France, published in 1983, the Israeli historian Zeev Sternhell completed a stage in his research on fas- cist ideology and its origins, thus -nishing the work begun with Maurice Barrès et le nationalisme français, followed in 1978 by La droite révolutionnaire (1885–1914): Les origines françaises du fascisme. Although it is this latter work that de-nes Sternhell’s theoretical and methodological premises, it was Ni droite ni gauche that unleashed a polemic that was both rich and far-reaching.1 *e debate began, naturally, in France, where it went beyond the aca- demic world, became politicized, got into the press, and eventually reached the courts. -
Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand
5 NIOD STUDIES ON WAR, HOLOCAUST, AND GENOCIDE Knegt de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce Alfred and Jouvenel de in the Thought Political of Bertrand Liberalism andFascism, Europeanism Daniel Knegt Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce NIOD Studies on War, Holocaust, and Genocide NIOD Studies on War, Holocaust, and Genocide is an English-language series with peer-reviewed scholarly work on the impact of war, the Holocaust, and genocide on twentieth-century and contemporary societies, covering a broad range of historical approaches in a global context, and from diverse disciplinary perspectives. Series Editors Karel Berkhoff, NIOD Thijs Bouwknegt, NIOD Peter Keppy, NIOD Ingrid de Zwarte, NIOD and University of Amsterdam International Advisory Board Frank Bajohr, Center for Holocaust Studies, Munich Joan Beaumont, Australian National University Bruno De Wever, Ghent University William H. Frederick, Ohio University Susan R. Grayzel, The University of Mississippi Wendy Lower, Claremont McKenna College Fascism, Liberalism and Europeanism in the Political Thought of Bertrand de Jouvenel and Alfred Fabre-Luce Daniel Knegt Amsterdam University Press This book has been published with a financial subsidy from the European University Institute. Cover illustration: Pont de la Concorde and Palais Bourbon, seat of the French parliament, in July 1941 Source: Scherl / Bundesarchiv Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Typesetting: Crius Group, Hulshout Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. isbn 978 94 6298 333 5 e-isbn 978 90 4853 330 5 (pdf) doi 10.5117/9789462983335 nur 686 / 689 Creative Commons License CC BY NC ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0) The author / Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2017 Some rights reserved. -
Do Integralismo Lusitano Ao Nacional Sindicalismo: Tensões E Conflitos
Passagens. Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica ISSN: 1984-2503 [email protected] Universidade Federal Fluminense Brasil Do Integralismo Lusitano ao Nacional Sindicalismo: tensões e conflitos Cazetta, Felipe Do Integralismo Lusitano ao Nacional Sindicalismo: tensões e conflitos Passagens. Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica, vol. 9, núm. 3, 2017 Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil Disponível em: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=337353512016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15175/1984-2503-20179306 Este trabalho está sob uma Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0. PDF gerado a partir de XML Redalyc JATS4R Sem fins lucrativos acadêmica projeto, desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa acesso aberto Felipe Cazetta. Do Integralismo Lusitano ao Nacional Sindicalismo: tensões e conflitos Artigos Do Integralismo Lusitano ao Nacional Sindicalismo: tensões e conflitos Del Integralismo Lusitano al nacionalsindicalismo: tensiones y conflictos From Lusitanian Integralism to National Syndicalism: Tensions and Conflicts De l’intégralisme lusitain au national-syndicalisme : Tensions et conflits 从葡萄牙的统一主义到民族-工联主义:紧张和冲突 Felipe Cazetta 1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15175/1984-2503-20179306 Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Brasil Redalyc: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa? [email protected] id=337353512016 Recepção: 20 Janeiro 2016 Aprovação: 03 Abril 2017 Resumo: Este artigo tem como proposta examinar a trajetória do Integralismo Lusitano, e seu desdobramento de inclinações ao fascismo, o Nacional-Sindicalismo. De início há a análise do surgimento do movimento monárquico português e suas estratégias e experiências políticas para instaurar seu projeto de monarquia orgânica em Portugal. Em segundo momento, propõe-se a análise das estratégias de discurso praticadas por Rolão Preto, líder do Nacional Sindicalismo, nos diferentes momentos de sua experiência política até o exílio, contemplando, portanto, conflitos com Oliveira Salazar, ditador de Portugal.