Recommended Citation Format CHAPANO, C. 2002. a Checklist of Zimbabwean Grasses

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Recommended citation format CHAPANO, C. 2002. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 16. Pretoria.

Produced by National Herbarium & Botanic Garden Box A889 Avondale Harare Tel: 263-4-744170/745230/708938 Fax: 263-4-708938 E-mail: [email protected]

Published by Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET), c/o National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, 0001 Pretoria and National Herbarium, Box A889, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Printed in 2002 in the Republic of South Africa by Capture Press, Pretoria, (27) 12 349-1802.

ISBN 1-919795-66-9

© 2002 SABONET. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the permission of the copyright holder. The National Herbarium & Botanic Garden of Zimbabwe (address above) would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a source.

Cover pictures: front cover: A photo of mutsvairo/umthanyelo (made from Aristida junciformis) taken from Mbare Market in Harare by Anthony Mapaura. back cover: Gloriosa superba L., flame lily. Artist: Sue Williams.

Cover design: Antoinette Burkhardt, Pretoria, South Africa (27) 82 909-0109.

Text design and layout: Antoinette Burkhardt.

SABONET web site: http://www.sabonet.org

This report is a joint product of the National Herbarium and Botanic Garden of Zimbabwe and the Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) and was made possible through support provided by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)/United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/World Conservation Union-Regional Office for southern Af- rica (IUCN ROSA) (Plot no. 14818 Lebatlane Road, Gaborone West, Extension 6 Gaborone, Botswana), under the terms of Grant No. 690-0283-A-00-5950. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, the GEF/UNDP, the SABONET Steering Committee or SABONET National Working Groups. LOCATION

Physical address: the National Herbarium and Botanic Garden is situated about 4 km North of the Harare city centre within the suburb of Alexandra Park, on the corner of Fifth Street extension and Downie Avenue. It is easily accessed from either Fifth Street or Sam Nujoma Street.

Postal address: National Herbarium and Botanic Garden P. O. Box A889 Avondale Harare ZIMBABWE Tel.: 263-4-744170/ 708938/ 745320 Fax: 263-4-708938/ 704543 E-mail: [email protected]

MANDATE

The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden is a centre for research and information on the indigenous plants of Zimbabwe. It is responsible for the study of Zimbabwe flora in order to promote its conservation, development and sustainable use. Its mission is: To increase knowledge and appreciation of Zimbabwean plants. It fulfills this mission by looking after the plant specimens that are the essential resource material required in studying plant characters in order to arrive at their identity and names. The National Herbarium stores pre- served plant specimens while the living specimens are grown in the National Botanic Garden.

The institute has three interlinked sections: the herbarium, the botanic garden and the education centre.

The Herbarium has about 500 000 plant specimens. It is the main reference centre for research on identifying and naming plants of the Flora Zambesiaca Region. This region comprises Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Mo- zambique, Botswana and the Caprivi.

The Botanic Garden grows over 900 trees and shrubs of Zimbabwe in groups to show the associations that are found in various parts of the country. It has sections with trees of the Highveld, Lowveld and Eastern High- lands. Also growing are a number of trees from other countries that have climatic conditions similar to Zimba- bwe e.g. Asia and Australia.

The Education Centre disseminates information on the plants of Zimbabwe and the plant kingdom in general to educational institutions especially schools.

The aims and objectives of the National Herbarium and Botanic Garden can be summarized as follows: i ) to conserve, enhance and curate Zimbabwe’s principal collection of botanical specimens for national and international reference and study; ii) to do scientific research and documentation on Zimbabwean plants and plant communities based on the herbarium collection and field surveys; iii) to provide botanical services to Government Departments, NGOs, students, researchers and the public; iv) to provide a focal point for the international network of herbaria, in order to facilitate research on the flora of Zimbabwe and the region by national and international researchers; v) to provide a pleasant and peaceful environment in which the Harare community can enjoy activities that are compatible with Botanic Garden management; vi) to raise revenue that will help in the development and maintenance of the National Herbarium and Botanic Garden.

ADMINISTRATION

The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden is administered by the Division of Agricultural Research and Extension (AREX), in the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement, in conjunction with the Bo- tanic Garden Fund Committee. The latter is a Board of Trustees who are appointed by the Minister of Agricul- ture. Their main role is to compliment government efforts in the running of the institute by raising funds. Some of the notable achievements of this committee in recent years include the fencing and upgrading of the public car park, the construction of the Restaurant, Desert House, Education Centre, Office Block of the nursery and the refurbishment of the National Herbarium. In short, the Botanic Garden Fund Committee spearheads almost all development projects at the National Herbarium and Botanic Garden. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses i

A checklist of

Zimbabwean grasses

Christopher Chapano

2002

Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 16 ii A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

Acknowledgements

The National Herbarium and Botanic Garden would like to thank the directorate of the Department of Research and Specialist Services and the Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement in Zimbabwe for the support that they gave to the SABONET project.

Many thanks also to Ms Nozipo Nobanda for coordinating the project and for providing sound advice at every stage.

A lot of encouragement and assistance in the compilation of this document came from Mr Anthony Mapaura, Mr Ezekiel Kwembeya and Mr Soul Shava.

Special thanks to Dr Patrick Phiri, University of Zambia, Mr Shakkie Kativu, University of Zimbabwe, Ms Lyn Fish and Dr Otto Leistner of the National Botanical Institute, South Africa, for their comments. Thanks also to Mrs Beverley Momberg, National Botanical Institute, for providing editorial assistance and valuable advice on the layout of the checklist.

Appreciation is extended to the SABONET Project for supporting this publication, with donor funds made available by GEF-UNDP and USAID/IUCN ROSA. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses iii

Contents

Introduction ...... 1

Map of the Floristic Regions of Zimbabwe ...... 2

Checklist of Zimbabwean grasses ...... 3

Distribution maps of selected grasses...... 18

Index ...... 23

References ...... 25 iv A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

Education Centre in the National Botanic Garden. (Photo: Anthony Mapaura)

Desert House in the National Botanic Garden. (Photo: Anthony Mapaura)

Entrance to the National Herbarium. (Photo: Anthony Mapaura)

Botanic Garden Restaurant. (Photo: Anthony Mapaura) A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 1

Introduction

The flora of Zimbabwe comprises about 6 000 plant species belonging to over 200 families. Of this number, the grass family Poaceae, is the largest and can easily be considered as the most important. It accounts for about 540 species, 22 of which are naturalized, spread over 152 genera. This accounts for approximately 10% of the national vascular plant collection.

This checklist is derived from the grass collection that is housed at the National Herbarium of Zimbabwe (SRGH). The arrangement is numerical according to Clayton & Renvoize (1986). An alphabetical list is provided as an index to guide other users not familiar with the Clayton & Renvoize system. Synonyms were taken from the main references on the grasses of Zimbabwe—Fernandes et al. (1971), Bennett (1980), Launert & Pope (1989) and Pope (1999). Author citations for species follow Brummitt & Powell (1992) and Brummitt (1992) for genera.

The checklist is followed by maps showing the national distribution of 26 grass species which play an important role in the Zimbabwean economy and agriculture. Some species of Oryza and Eleusine are important as crops, while others like Hyparrhenia are of importance in the construction industry both at household level and for commercial use.

Guide for using this checklist i) Accepted genus and species names are in bold print, e.g. Oxytenanthera abyssinica. Author names of species are not given after the equal sign (=). ii) Synonyms are in italics, e.g. Bambusa abyssinica. Not all synonyms for a species are listed. iii) Naturalized taxa are preceded by an asterisk (*) e.g. Festuca *arundinacea. These are species that were introduced from outside Zimbabwe but now occur in the wild as part of the natural flora. iv) Letters after the author name(s) and separated by commas, indicate the distribution of species within Zim- babwe as reflected by the SRGH collection. A map showing these geographical divisions is given overleaf. N, northern; W, western; C, central; E, eastern; and S, southern. 2 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

Map of the floristic regions of Zimbabwe

Zambia Mozambique 16º

Lake Kariba Kariba Mt. Darwin 17º N

Harare Victoria Falls 18º C Nyanga Mts. Mutare 19º W Gweru

Mts. Bulawayo Masvingo Chimanimani 20º GREAT DYKE Plumtree E Botswana S 21º N

Beit Bridge 22º

0 60 120 180 240 300 km South Africa

C, central; E, eastern; N, northern; S, southern; W, western. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 3

Checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

39 BAMBUSA Schreb. *minor L., C, E abyssinica A.Rich. = Oxytenanthera abyssinica 124 POA L. balcooa Roxb., C *annua L., N, W, C, E (P. bipollicaris Hochst.) 47 OXYTENANTHERA Munro binata Nees, E abyssinica (A.Rich.) Munro, N, W, C, E bipollicaris Hochst. = P. annua (Bambusa abyssinica A.Rich.) gangetica Roxb. = Eragrostis gangetica (O. borzii Mattei) leptoclada A.Rich., W, E pilosa L. = Eragrostis pilosa 52 OLYRA L. sarmentosa Thunb. = Eragrostis sarmentosa latifolia L., E tef Zuccagni = Eragrostis tef

76 ORYZA L. 125 DACTYLIS L. barthii A.Chev., N *glomerata L., C, E longistaminata A.Chev. & Roehr., N, W, C punctata Steud., S 164 STREBLOCHAETE Pilg. longiarista (A.Rich.) Pilg., E 81 LEERSIA Sw. denudata Launert, N, C, E, S 171 HELICTOTRICHON Schult. hexandra Sw., N, W, C, E, S elongatum (A.Rich.) C.E.Hubb., C, E, S

89 EHRHARTA Thunb. 173 AVENA L. erecta Lam. var. natalensis Stapf *byzantina K.Koch, C erecta Lam. var. erecta, E *fatua L., C *sterilis L., C, S 104 FESTUCA L. *arundinacea Schreb., C 181 KOELERIA Pers. abyssinica A.Rich., E capensis (Steud.) Nees, E africana (Hack.) Clayton, E (Aira capensis Steud.) (Pseudobromus africanus (Hack.) Stapf) (K. cristata sensu A.Rich.) (Pseudobromus silvaticus K.Schum.) cristata sensu A.Rich. = K. capensis caprina Nees, E (F. nubigena subsp. caprina (Nees) St.-Yves) 188 HOLCUS L. costata Nees, E *lanatus L., E (F. milanjiana Rendle) engleri (Pilg.) Clayton, E 191 AIRA L. (Pseudobromus engleri (Pilg.) Clayton) capensis Steud. = Koeleria capensis fusca L. = Leptochloa fusca milanjiana Rendle = F. costata 195 ANTHOXANTHUM L. nubigena subsp. caprina (Nees) St.-Yves = *odoratum L., C F. caprina 196 PHALARIS L. 104/1 PSEUDOBROMUS K.Schum. *minor Retz., N, W, C, E, S africanus (Hack.) Stapf = Festuca africana engleri (Pilg.) Clayton = Festuca engleri 197 AGROSTIS L. silvaticus K.Schum. = Festuca africana alba var. schimperiana (Steud.) Engl. = A. schimperiana 109 LOLIUM L. continuata Stapf, C, E *multiflorum Lam., C, E greenwayi C.E.Hubb. = A. producta *perenne L., W, C, E, S lachnantha Nees, N, W, C, E *temulentum L., C, E (A. lachnantha Nees var. glabra Gooss. & Pa- pendorf) 121 BRIZA L. lachnantha Nees var. glabra Gooss. & Papen- *maxima L.,W, E dorf = A. lachnantha 4 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

197 AGROSTIS L. (cont.) Henrard = A. adscensionis producta Pilg., E aequiglumis Hack., N, C, S (A. greenwayi C.E.Hubb.) andoniensis Henrard = A. rhiniochloa schimperiana Steud. = Polypogon schimpe- argentea Schweick. = A. mollissima subsp. rianus argentea (A. alba var. schimperiana) atroviolacea Hack. = A. recta barbicollis Trin. & Rupr. = A. congesta subsp. 212 POLYPOGON Desf. barbicollis *monspeliensis (L.) Desf., S borumensis Henrard = A. scabrivalvis subsp. semiverticillatus (Forssk.) Hyl. = P. viridis borumensis schimperianus (Steud.) Cope, E brainii Melderis, W (Agrostis alba var. schimperiana (Steud.) Engl.) (A. serrulata sensu Stent & J.M.Rattray) (Agrostis schimperiana Steud.) canescens Henrard subsp. canescens, N, W *viridis (Gouan) Breistr. congesta Roem. & Schult. subsp. barbicollis (P. semiverticillatus (Forssk.) Hyl.) (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter, N, W, C, E, S (A. barbicollis Trin. & Rupr.) 227 BRACHYPODIUM P.Beauv. congesta Roem. & Schult. subsp. congesta, N, flexum Nees, E W, C, E, S contractinodis Stent & J.M.Rattray = A. 250 BROMUS L. junciformis subsp. macilenta *catharticus Vahl, N, W, C, E cumingiana Trin. & Rupr., N, C (B. unioloides Kunth) (A. delicatula A.Rich.) *diandrus Roth, C cumingiana var. diminuta (Mez) Jacq.-Fél. = A. *hordeaceus L. subsp. ferronii (Mabille) diminuta P.M.Sm., C cumingiana var. usiseta Stent & J.M.Rattray = *inermis Leyss., C A. diminuta leptoclados Nees, E curvata (Nees) T.Durand & Schinz = A. ad- pectinatus Thunb., C scensionis unioloides Kunth = B. catharticus delicatula A.Rich. = A. cumingiana denudata Pilg., W, C 255 TRIBOLIUM Desv. diffusa Trin. subsp. burkei (Stapf) Melder- *pusilla Nees, S is, N (A. diffusa Trin. var. burkei (Stapf) Schweick.) 257 ELYTROPHORUS P.Beauv. diffusa Trin. var. burkei (Stapf) Schweick. = A. globularis Hack., N, W, C diffusa subsp. burkei spicatus (Willd.) A.Camus, N, W, C diminuta (Mez) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E, S (A. cumingiana var. diminuta (Mez) Jacq.-Fél.) 293 PHRAGMITES Adans. (A. cumingiana var. uniseta Stent & J.M.Rattray) australis (Cav.) Steud., N, W, C, E eriophora Henrard = A. leucophaea mauritianus Kunth, N, W, C, E, S filiformis Henrard = A. scabrivaivis subsp. borumensis 297 SARTIDIA De Winter fontismagni Schweick. = A. stipoides angolensis (C.E.Hubb.) De Winter, W, S graciliflora Pilg. = A. stipitata subsp. graciliflora 298 STIPAGROSTIS Nees hispidula Henrard, N, W, S hirtigluma (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter subsp. hordeacea Kunth, N, W, C, S patula (Hack.) De Winter, S junciformis Trin. & Rupr. subsp. macilenta uniplumis (Licht.) De Winter var. intermedia (Henrard) Melderis, N, W, C, E, S (Schweick.) De Winter, N, W, S (A. contractinodis Stent & J.M.Rattray) uniplumis (Licht.) De Winter var. neesii (A. macilenta Henrard) (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter, W, S junciformis Trin. & Rupr. subsp. welwitschii uniplumis (Licht.) De Winter var. uniplumis, (Rendle) Melderis, N, W, C, E, S S (A. pardyi Stent & J.M.Rattray) leucophaea Henrard, W, C, S 299 ARISTIDA L. (A. eriophora Henrard) adscensionis L., N, W, C, E, S macilenta Henrard = A. junciformis subsp. (A. adscensionis L. subsp. guineensis (Trin.& macilenta Rupr.) Henrard) meridionalis Henrard, N, W, C, E, S (A. curvata (Nees) T.Durand & Schinz) mollissima Pilg. subsp. argentea (Schweick.) adscensionis L. subsp. guineensis (Trin. & Rupr.) Melderis, W, E, S A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 5

(A. argentea Schweick.) 324 TRIRAPHIS R.Br. mollissima Pilg. subsp. mollissima, N, W, C, schinzii Hack., W, C, E, S S pardyi Stent & J.M.Rattray = A. junciformis 337 LEPTOCHLOA P.Beauv. subsp. welwitschii chinensis (L.) Nees, E, S pilgeri Henrard, N, W, C, E, S falcata Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa ramifera Pilg. = A. stipitata subsp. ramifera fusca (L.) Kunth, N, W, C, E, S recta Franch., N, C, E (Diplachne fusca (L.) P.Beauv. & Schult.) (A. atroviolacea Hack.) (Festuca fusca L.) rhiniochloa Hochst., N, W, C, E, S panicea (Retz.) Ohwi, N, E, S (A. andoniensis Henrard) uniflora A.Rich., N, W, E, S scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. borumensis (Henrard) Melderis, N, W, C, S 337/1 DIPLACHNE P.Beauv. (A. borumensis Henrard) fusca (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. = (A. filiformis Henrard) Leptochloa fusca scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. contracta (De Win- menyharthii Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa ter) Melderis, N, W, C, E scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. scabrivalvis, N, W, 340 TRIPOGON Roem. & Schult. C, E, S minimus (A.Rich.) Steud., N, W, C, E, S serrulata sensu Stent & J.M.Rattray = A. brainii 342 OROPETIUM Trin. stipitata Hack. subsp. graciliflora (Pilg.) capense Stapf, S Melderis, N, W, C, S (A. stipitata Hack. var. graciliflora (Pilg.) 343 ODYSSEA Stapf De Winter) paucinervis (Nees) Stapf, W, E, S (A. graciliflora Pilg.) stipitata Hack. subsp. ramifera (Pilg.) 344 BEWSIA Gooss. Melderis, C biflora (Hack.) Gooss., N, W, C, E, S (A. ramifera Pilg.) stipitata Hack. subsp. robusta (Stent & 348 LOPHACME Stapf J.M.Rattray) Melderis, N, W, C, S digitata Stapf, C (A. stipitata var. robusta (Stent & J.M.Rattray) De Winter) 349 LEPTOCARYDION Stapf stipitata Hack. subsp. spicata (De Winter) vulpiastrum (De Not.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S Melderis, S stipitata Hack. subsp. stipitata, W, C, S 350 TRICHONEURA Andersson stipitata Hack. var. graciliflora (Pilg.) De Win- grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman, N, W, C, E, S ter = A. stipitata subsp. graciliflora (T. grandiglumis var. minor (Rendle) Chippind.) stipitata Hack. var. robusta (Stent & J.M. grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman var. minor Rattray) De Winter = A. stipitata subsp. (Rendle) Chippind. = T. grandiglumis robusta stipoides Lam., W, S 352 DINEBRA Jacq. (A. fontismagni Schweick.) retroflexa (Vahl) Panz. var. condensata transvaalensis Henrard, W S.M.Phillips, N, W, E, S vestita Thunb., N, W, C, E, S (Chaetaria vestita (Thunb.) Beauv.) 356 ERAGROSTIS Wolf vinosa Henrard = A. stipitata subsp. graci- acraea De Winter, W, C, E liflora acutissima Jedwabn. = E. nindensis aethiopica Chiov., N, W, E, S 299/1 CHAETARIA P.Beauv. amabilis (L.) Hook. & Arn., W vestita (Thunb.) Beauv. = Aristida vestita (E. tenella (L.) Roem. & Schult.) angusta Hack. = E. rotifer 301 ENNEAPOGON P.Beauv. arenicola C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E cenchroides (Roem. & Schult.) C.E.Hubb., N, aspera (Jacq.) Nees, N, W, C, E, S W, E, S atrovirens (Desf.) Trin., N, W, C desvauxii P.Beauv., S auriculata Hack. = E. echinochloidea scoparius Stapf, W, E, S barrelieri Daveau, N, C bicolor Nees, W, C, S 302 SCHMIDTIA Steud. ex J.A. Schmidt biflora Hack. ex Schinz, W pappophoroides Steud., N, W, C, E, S blepharolepis Hack. = E. hispida 6 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

356 ERAGROSTIS Wolf (cont.) inamoena K.Schum., N, W, C, E, S botryodes Clayton, W (E. galpinii Stent) brainii (Stent) Launert, N, W, C japonica (Thunb.) Trin., N, W, C, E, S buchananii K.Schum. = E. nindensis (Diandrochloa namaquensis (Nees) De Winter) caesia Stapf, E (E. namaquensis Nees) caniflora Rendle, E jeffreysii Hack. = E. curvula capensis (Thunb.) Trin., N, W, C, E, S jeffreysii sensu Simon = E. glandulosipedata castellaneana Buscal. & Muschl., N lappula Nees, N, W, C, E, S chalcantha Trin. = E. racemosa (E. comata Peter) chapelieri (Kunth) Nees, N, W, C, E, S (E. uniglumis sensu Simon) (E. dolichostachya Peter) lasiophylla K.Schum. = E. racemosa chaunantha Nees = E. lehmanniana latifolia Cope, N cilianensis (All.) Vignolo ex Janch., N, W, C, lehmanniana Nees, W, C, E, S E, S (E. chaunantha Nees) (E. polysperma Peter) (E. vansonii Bremek. & Oberm.) ciliaris (L.) R.Br. leptotricha Cope, W (E. ciliaris var. brachystachya Boiss.) longipaniculata De Wild. = E. mollior (E. ciliaris var. latifolia Hack.) macilenta (A.Rich.) Steud., N ciliaris var. brachystachya Boiss. = E. ciliaris (E. dekindtii Pilg.) ciliaris var. latifolia Hack. = E. ciliaris (E. passa Rendle) cimicina Launert, W margaritacea Stapf = E. rotifer collocarpa K.Schum. = E. tenuifolia marlothii Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa comata Peter = E. lappula membranacea Hack. ex Schinz, N congesta Oliv., E mollior Pilg. ex R.E.Fr., E (E. eichingeri Pilg.) (E. longipaniculata De Wild.) crassinervis Hack., W, S namaquensis Nees = E. japonica (E. poecilantha Stapf) nebulosa Stapf = E. planiculmis curvula (Schrad.) Nees, N, W, C, E, S nindensis Ficalho & Hiern, N, W, C, E, S (E. jeffreysii Hack.) (E. acutissima Jedwabn.) cylindriflora Hochst., N, W, C, E, S (E. buchananii K.Schum.) (E. rigidor Pilg.) (E. denudata Hack.) (E. trichophora Coss. & Durieu) pallens Hack., W, C, S cylindriflora sensu Simon = E. glandulosi- (E. dura Stapf) pedata paradoxa Launert, N, W, C, E, S dekindtii Pilg. = E. macilenta passa Rendle = E. macilenta densa De Winter = E. welwitschii patens Oliv., N, W, C, E, S denudata Hack. = E. nindensis patentipilosa Hack., N, W, C, E, S desoluta Launert, E (E. pseudosclerantha Chiov.) dolichostachya Peter = E. chapelieri phyllacantha Cope, C dura Stapf = E. pallens pilosa (L.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S echinochloidea Stapf, W (Poa pilosa L.) (E. auriculata Hack.) plana Nees, N, W, C, E, S eichingeri Pilg. = E. congesta planiculmis Nees, N, W, C friesii Pilg., N, W, C (E. nebulosa Stapf) (E. valida Pilg.) podotricha Chiov. = E. porosa galpinii Stent = E. inamoena poecilantha Stapf = E. crassinervis gangetica (Roxb.) Steud., N, W, C, E polysperma Peter = E. cilianensis (Poa gangetica Roxb.) porosa Nees, N, W, E, S glandulosipedata De Winter, N, W, C, E (E. podotricha Chiov.) (E. cylindriflora sensu Simon) procumbens Nees, W (E. jeffreysii sensu Simon) pseudosclerantha Chiov. = E. patentipilosa glischra Launert, W racemosa (Thunb.) Steud., C, E, S gummiflua Nees, W, C, S (E. chalcantha Trin.) habrantha Rendle, N, W, C, E, S (E. lasiophylla K.Schum.) heteromera Stapf rigidior Pilg. = E. cylindriflora (E. wilmsii Stapf) rogersii C.E.Hubb., N, W hierniana Rendle, N, W, C, E, S rotifer Rendle, N, W, C, E, S (E. uniglumis Hack.) (E. angusta Hack.) hispida K.Schum., N, W, C, E, S (E. margaritacea Stapf) (E. blepharolepis Hack.) saresbriensis Launert, N, C A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 7

sarmentosa (Thunb.) Trin., N, W, C, E, S 370 ELEUSINE Gaertn. (Poa sarmentosa Thunb.) africana Kenn.-O’Byrne, N, W, C, E, S sclerantha Nees subsp. sclerantha, E indica (L.) Gaertn., N, W, E sclerantha Nees subsp. villosipes (Jedwabn.) verticillata Roxb. = Acrachne racemosa Launert, N, W, C, E, S (E. sclerantha var. villosipes De Winter) 371 ACRACHNE Wight & Arn. ex Chiov. (E. villosipes Jedwabn.) racemosa (Roem. & Schult.) Ohwi, N, W, E, S sclerantha var. villosipes De Winter = E. scle- (Eleusine verticillata Roxb.) rantha subsp. villosipes stapfii De Winter, N, W, C, E, S 373 DACTYLOCTENIUM Willd. strigosa Anderson = E. viscosa aegyptium (L.) Willd., N, W, C, E, S superba Peyr., N, W, C, E, S (Dactyloctenium mpuetensis De Wild.) (E. superba var. contracta Peter) geminatum Hack., N, S superba var. contracta Peter = E. superba giganteum Fisher & Schweick., N, W, C, E, S tef (Zuccagni) Trotter, W, C, E mpuetensis De Wild. = D. aegyptium (Poa tef Zuccagni) tenella (L.) Roem. & Schult. = E. amabilis 377 SPOROBOLUS R.Br. tenuifolia (A.Rich.) Hochst., N, W, C, E, S acinifolius Stapf, N, W (E. collocarpa K.Schum.) (S. tenellus sensu Bennett) (Poa tenuifolia A.Rich.) africanus (Poir.) Robyns & Tournay, W, C tenuifolia A.Rich. = E. tenuifolia barbigerus Franch. = S. subtilis tincta S.M.Phillips, E bechuanicus Gooss., W (Stiburus alopecuroides (Hack.) Stapf) (S. spicatus sensu Simon) transvaalensis Gand. = E. viscosa centrifugus (Trin.) Nees, E tremula Hochst., N, W (S. filifolius Stent) trichophora Coss. & Durieu = E. cylindriflora (S. tysonii Stent) uniglumis Hack. = E. hierniana congoensis Franch., N, C, E uniglumis sensu Simon = E. lappula (S. eylesii Stent & J.M.Rattray) vacillans sensu Simon = E. venustula conrathii Chiov. = S. welwitschii valida Pilg. = E. friesii consimilis Fresen., N, W, E, S vansonii Bremek. & Oberm. = E. lehmanniana cordofanus (Steud.) Coss., N, W, E, S venustula Launert, N, W, C, S eylesii Stent & J.M.Rattray = S. congoensis (E. vacillans sensu Simon) festivus A.Rich., N, W, C, E, S villosipes Jedwabn. = E. sclerantha subsp. (S. festivus var. fibrosus Stent) villosipes (S. menyharthii Hack.) viscosa (Retz.) Trin., N, W, C, E, S festivus var. fibrosus Stent = S. festivus (E. strigosa Anderson) filifolius Stent = S. centrifugus (E. transvaalensis Gand.) fimbriatus (Trin.) Nees, N, W, C, E, S volkensii Pilg., E (S. fimbriatus var. latifolius Stent) welwitschii Rendle, W fimbriatus var. latifolius Stent = S. fimbriatus (E. densa De Winter) ioclados (Trin.) Nees, N, W, C, E, S wilmsii Stapf = E. heteromera kentrophyllus (K.Schum.) Clayton, N, W, C, E, S 356/1 DIANDROCHLOA De Winter mauritianus (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz, C, namaquensis (Nees) De Winter = Eragrostis E, S japonica mayumbensis Franch. = S. molleri menyharthii Hack. = S. festivus 356/2 STIBURUS Stapf micranthus (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz, N, W, C, S 365 POGONARTHRIA Stapf (S. psammophilus Stent & J.M.Rattray) fleckii (Hack.) Hack., N, W, S molleri Hack., N, W, C, E, S (Pogonarthria tuberculata Pilg.) (S. mayumbensis Franch.) squarrosa (Roem. & Schult.) Pilg., N, W, C, (S. secundispiculus Chiov.) E, S mopane Cope, N (Diplachne menyharthii Hack.) myrianthus Benth., N, W, C, E (Eragrostis marlothii Hack.) nitens Stent, W, S (Leptochloa falcata Hack.) panicoides A.Rich., N, W, C, E, S tuberculata Pilg. = P. fleckii paniculatus T.Durand & Schinz, N, W, C, E piliferus Kunth, C, E 8 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

377 SPOROBOLUS R.Br. (cont.) pycnothrix Trin., N, W, C, E, S psammophilus Stent & J.M.Rattray = S. micran- (C. leptostachya Hochst.) thus roxburghiana Schult., N, W, C, E, S pyramidalis P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S (C. myriostachya Hochst.) sanguineus Rendle, N, W, C, E, S (C. polystachya Roxb.) schlechteri Schweick. = S. centrifugus tenella K.D.Koenig = Tetrapogon tenellus secundispiculus Chiov. = S. molleri virgata Sw., N, W, C, E, S spicatus (Vahl) Kunth, N, W spicatus sensu Simon = S. bechuanicus 392 EUSTACHYS Desv. stapfianus Gand., N, W, C, E, S paspaloides (Vahl) Lanza & Mattei, N, W, C, stolzii Mez, N, W, C E, S subtilis Kunth, N, C, E, S (S. barbigerus Franch.) 396 ENTEROPOGON Nees tenellus sensu Bennett = S. acinifolius macrostachyus (A.Rich.) Benth., N, W, C, E, tysonii Stent = S. centrifugus S uniglumis Stent & J.M.Rattray, N, W virginicus (L.) Kunth, W, S 399 WILLKOMMIA Hack. (S. virginicus var. major Franch.) sarmentosa Hack., W virginicus var. major Franch. = S. virginicus welwitschii Rendle, E 401 CRASPEDORHACHIS Benth. (S. conrathii Chiov.) africana Benth., N, W, C, E, S digitata Kupicha & Cope, C, S 385 LEPTURUS R.Br. rhodesiana Rendle, N, W, C, E, S radicans (Steud.) A.Camus, E, S (C. rhodesiana var. gracilior C.E.Hubb.) (Monerma radicans (Steud.) Hack.) rhodesiana var. gracilior C.E.Hubb. = C. rhode- (Ophiuros radicans Steud.) siana

385/1 OPHIUROS C.F.Gaertn. 406 CTENIUM Panz. radicans Steud. = Lepturus radicans concinnum Nees, N, C, E somalense (Chiov.) Chiov., C, E 385/2 MONERMA auct. radicans (Steud.) Hack. = Lepturus radicans 407 MICROCHLOA R.Br. abyssinica Hochst. = M. kunthii 387 LINTONIA Stapf altera (Rendle) Stapf, E nutans Stapf, W, S (Rendlia altera (Rendle) Chiov.) (Negria melicoides Chiov.) caffra Nees, N, W, C, E, S indica (L.f.) P.Beauv., N, W, C 387/1 NEGRIA Chiov. kunthii Desv., N, W, C, E, S melicoides Chiov. = Lintonia nutans (M. abyssinica Hochst.)

389 TETRAPOGON Desf. 407/1 RENDLIA Chiov. mossambicensis (K.Schum.) Chippind. = altera (Rendle) Chiov. = Microchloa altera Chloris mossambicensis tenellus (Roxb.) Chiov., W, E, S 409 CYNODON Rich. (Chloris tenella K.D.Koenig) *aethiopicus Clayton & Harlan, N, C, E dactylon (L.) Pers., N, W, C, E, S 391 CHLORIS Sw. *incompletus Nees, C abyssinica Hochst. = C. gayana nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis, N, diluta Renvoize, C W, C, E, S gayana Kunth, N, W, C, E, S nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. robusta Clayton (C. abyssinica Hochst.) & Harlan, C, E (C. glabrata Andersson) *plectostachyus (K.Schum.) Pilg., C glabrata Andersson = C. gayana *transvaalensis Burtt Davy, C leptostachya Hochst. = C. pycnothrix mossambicensis K.Schum., E, S 411 BRACHYACHNE (Benth.) Stapf (Tetrapogon mossambicensis (K.Schum.) Chip- chrysolepis C.E.Hubb. = B. patentiflora pind.) fulva Stapf, E myriostachya Hochst. = C. roxburghiana patentiflora (Stent & J.M.Rattray) C.E.Hubb., polystachya Roxb. = C. roxburghiana N, W, C, S A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 9

(B. chrysolepis C.E.Hubb.) coloratum L. var. coloratum, N, W, C, E, S (B. upembaensis Van der Veken) (P. crassipes Mez) upembaensis Van der Veken = B. patentiflora (P. swynnertonii Rendle) compositum L. = Oplismenus compositus 413 SCHOENEFELDIA Kunth crassipes Mez = P. coloratum var. coloratum transiens (Pilg.) Chiov., S deustum Thunb., N, C, E, S dimidiatum L. = Stenotaphrum dimidiatum 414 POGONOCHLOA C.E.Hubb. dregeanum Nees, N, W, C, E, S greenwayi C.E.Hubb., E ecklonii Nees, N, W, C, E (P. pectinatum Rendle) 434 TRAGUS Haller eickii Mez, E arenarius Bremek. & Oberm. = T. racemosus eruciforme Sm. = Brachiaria eruciformis berteronianus Schult., N, W, C, E, S fluviicola Steud., N, W koelerioides Asch., W (P. aphanoneurum Stapf) (T. racemosus var. major Hack.) (P. purpurascens Mez) racemosus (L.) All., W glabrescens Steud. = P. subalbidum (T. arenarius Bremek. & Oberm.) glandulopaniculatum Renvoize, E racemosus var. major Hack. = T. koelerioides gracilicaule Rendle, N (P. verruciferum Mez) 441 PEROTIS Aiton graciliculme Napper = P. poaeoides leptopus Pilg., N, W, C graniflorum Stapf, N, W patens Gand., N, W, C, E, S haplocaulos Pilg., W vaginata Hack., N, W, C heterostachyum Hack., N, W, C, E, S hirtellum L. = Oplismenus hirtellus 448 POECILOSTACHYS Hack. humidicola Rendle = Brachiaria humidicola oplismenoides (Hack.) Clayton, E hymeniochilum Nees, E, S (Chloachne oplismenoides (Hack.) Robyns) (P. snowdenii C.E.Hubb.) ianthum Stapf = P. brazzavillense 448/1 CHLOACHNE Stapf inaequilatum Stapf & C.E.Hubb., E, S oplismenoides (Hack.) Robyns = Poecilo- infestum Peters, N, W, C, E, S stachys oplismenoides italicum L. = Setaria italica jubatum Fig. & De Not. = Brachiaria jubata 449 PSEUDECHINOLAENA Stapf juncifolium Stapf = P. natalense polystachya (Kunth) Stapf, C, E kalaharense Mez, N, W, E, S (Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Roberty) kasumense Renvoize, W (Echinolaena polystachya Kunth) laevifolium Hack. = P. schinzii laticomum Nees, E, S 451 OPLISMENUS P.Beauv. leucacranthum K.Schum. = Brachiaria burmannii (Retz.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S leucacrantha (Panicum burmannii Retz.) madipirense Mez, N compositus (L.) P.Beauv., C, E, S maximum Jacq., N, W, C, E, S (Panicum compositum L.) (P. maximum var. altissimum Kuntze) hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S (P. maximum var. trichoglume Robyns) (Panicum hirtellum L.) maximum var. altissimum Kuntze = P. maxi- undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult., E mum (Panicum undulatifolium Ard.) maximum var. trichoglume Robyns = P. maximum 455 PANICUM L. merkeri Mez, W acutissimum Peter = P. poaeoides meyerianum var. grandeglume Stent & aphanoneurum Stapf = P. fluviicola J.M.Rattray = Eriochloa meyeriana arcurameum Stapf, N, W, C, E, S micrococcum (Mez) Peter = Sacciolepis micro- atrosanguineum A.Rich., N, W, S cocca bechuanense Bremek. & Oberm., W monticola Hook.f., N, E brazzavillense Franch., C, E natalense Hochst., N, W, C, E, S (P. ianthum Stapf) (P. juncifolium Stapf) brevifolium L., E nervatum (Franch.) Stapf, E bulawayense Hack. = Urochloa oligotricha (Isachne nervata Franch.) burmannii Retz. = Oplismenus burmannii nigropedatum Ficalho & Hiern = Brachiaria chambeshii Renvoize, N nigropedata colonum L. = Echinochloa colona novemnerve Stapf, N, W, C, E, S 10 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

455 PANICUM L. (cont.) interrupta (Willd.) Stapf, N, W, C nudiglume var. major Rendle = Brachiaria (Panicum interruptum Willd.) grossa interruptum Willd. = S. interrupta oryzoides Ard. = Echinochloa oryzoides luciae Simon = S. spiciformis pectinatum Rendle = P. ecklonii micrococca Mez, N peteri Pilg., E (Panicum micrococcum (Mez) Peter) (Polyneura squarrosa Peter) spiciformis (A.Rich.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S phragmitoides Stapf, W, E (S. huillensis (Rendle) Stapf) (P. phragmitoides var. lasioneuron Stapf) (S. luciae Simon) phragmitoides var. lasioneuron Stapf = P. transbarbata Stapf, N phragmitoides typhura (Stapf) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S poaeoides Stapf, W (S. glaucescens Stapf) (P. acutissimum Peter) (P. graciliculme Napper) 474 ACROCERAS Stapf porphyrrhizos Steud., N, W, C macrum Stapf, N, W, C, S proliferum var. longijubatum Stapf = P. subalbidum 476 ECHINOCHLOA P.Beauv. purpurascens Mez = P. fluviicola aristifera (Peter) Robyns & Tournay = E. ha- repens L., N, W, C, S ploclada repentellum Napper, N, C colona (L.) Link, N, W, C, E, S sabiense Renvoize, N, W, C, E, S (Panicum colonum L.) schinzii Hack., N, C, E, S colona var. frumentacea (Link) Ridl. = E. fru- (P. laevifolium Hack.) mentacea serrifolium Hochst. = Brachiaria serrifolium frumentacea Link, W, C, E, S snowdenii C.E.Hubb. = P. hymeniochilum (E. colona var. frumentacea (Link) Ridl.) subalbidum Kunth, N, W, C, E, S haploclada (Stapf) Stapf, N, W, E, S (P. glabrescens Steud.) (E. aristifera (Peter) Robyns & Tournay) (P. proliferum var. longijubatum Stapf) holubii (Stapf) Stapf = E. pyramidalis swynnertonii Rendle = P. coloratum var. co- jubata Stapf, N, W, C, S loratum *oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch, W tephrosanthum Schinz = P. maximum (Panicum oryzoides Ard.) trichocladum Hack. ex K.Schum., E polystachya (Kunth) Roberty = Pseudechino- trichoides Sw., N, C laena polystachya trichonode Launert & Renvoize, N, W, C, E, polystachya Kunth = Pseudechinolaena poly- S stachya undulatifolium Ard. = Oplismenus undulat- pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase, N, W, ifolius C, S verruciferum Mez = P. gracilicaule (E. holubii (Stapf) Stapf) wiehei Renvoize, E stagnina (Retz.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, S xantholeucum Schinz = Brachiaria xantho- ugandensis Snowden & C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, leuca E, S zambesiense Renvoize, N, W *utilis Ohwi & Yabuno, N

455/2 POLYNEURA Peter 479 ORYZIDIUM C.E.Hubb. & Schweick. squarrosa Peter = Panicum peteri barnardii C.E.Hubb. & Schweick., W

465 SACCIOLEPIS Nash 481 ALLOTEROPSIS C.Presl africana C.E.Hubb. & Snowden, N, C cimicina (L.) Stapf, N, W, C, S brevifolia Stapf = S. chevalieri gwebensis Stent & J.M.Rattray = A. semialata chevalieri Stapf, N, W, C, E subsp. eckloniana (S. brevifolia Stapf) semialata (R.Br.) Hitchc. subsp. semialata, N, claviformis Simon = S. indica W, C, E, S curvata (L.) Chase, E, S semialata (R.Br.) Hitchc. subsp. eckloniana glaucescens Stapf = S. typhura (Nees) Gibbs Russ., E gracilis Stent & J.M.Rattray = S. indica (A. gwebensis Stent & J.M.Rattray) huillensis (Rendle) Stapf = S. spiciformis indica (L.) Chase, C 485 BRACHIARIA (Trin.) Griseb. (S. claviformis Simon) arrecta (T.Durand & Schinz) Stent, N, W, C, E (S. gracilis Stent & J.M.Rattray) (B. latifolia Stapf) A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 11

bovonei (Chiov.) Robyns, N, W, C, E, S brachyura (Hack.) Stapf, W, C, S (B. viridula Stapf) mosambicensis (Hack.) Dandy, N, W, C, E, S brachylopha Stapf = B. serrata (U. pullulans Stapf) brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (U. rhodesiensis Stent) (B. brizantha var. angustifolia Stent & J.M.Rattray) oligotricha (Fig. & De Not.) Henrard, N, W, brizantha var. angustifolia Stent & J.M.Rattray C, E, S = B. brizantha (Panicum bulawayense Hack.) deflexa (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb. ex Robyns, N, (U. bolbodes (Steud.) Stapf) W, C, E, S panicoides P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S (Pseudobrachiaria deflexa (Schumach.) Launert) pullulans Stapf = U. mosambicensis dura Stapf, W ramosa (L.) Nguyen = Brachiaria ramosa (B. dura var. pilosa J.G.Anderson) rhodesiensis Stent = U. mosambicensis dura var. pilosa J.G.Anderson = B. dura trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S eruciformis (Sm.) Griseb., N, W, C, E, S (Panicum eruciforme Sm.) 488 ERIOCHLOA Kunth filifolia Stapf = B. subulifolia fatmensis (Hochst. & Steud.) Clayton, W, S grossa Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (E. nubica (Steud.) Thell.) (Panicum nudiglume var. major Rendle) macclounii Stapf, N, W humidicola (Rendle) Schweick., N, W, C, E, meyeriana (Nees) Pilg., N, W, C, E, S S (Panicum meyerianum var. grandeglume Stent & (Panicum humidicola Rendle) J.M.Rattray) jubata (Fig. & De Not.) Stapf, N, W, C nubica (Steud.) Thell. = E. fatmensis (Panicum jubatum Fig. & De Not.) latifolia Stapf = B. arrecta 495 PASPALUM L. leucacrantha (K.Schum.) Stapf, W *plicatulum Michx., C (Panicum leucacranthum K.Schum.) *dilatatum Poir., N, C, E, S malacodes (Mez & K.Schum.) Scholz, N distichum L., N, W, C (B. poaeoides Stapf) glumaceum Clayton, N, C nigropedata (Ficalho & Hiern) Stapf, N, W, lamprocaryon K.Schum., W C, E, S *notatum Flüggé, C, E, S (Panicum nigropedatum Ficalho & Hiern) orbiculare G.Forst. = P. scrobiculatum poaeoides Stapf = B. malacodes polystachyum R.Br. = P. scrobiculatum pubifolia (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = B. xan- scrobiculatum L., N, W, C, E, S tholeuca (P. orbiculare G.Forst.) ramosa (L.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (P. polystachyum R.Br.) (Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen) *urvillei Steud., N, C, E rugulosa Stapf, N (B. umboensis Stent & J.M.Rattray) 500 AXONOPUS P.Beauv. scalaris Pilg., E *affinis Chase, E, S serrata (Thunb.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S *compressus (Sw.) P.Beauv., E, S (B. brachylopha Stapf) serrifolia (Hochst.) Stapf, E, S 503 SETARIA P.Beauv. (Panicum serrifolium Hochst.) angustifolia Stapf = S. sphacelata subulifolia (Mez) Clayton, N, W, C, E chevalieri Stapf = S. megaphylla (B. filifolia Stapf) ciliolata Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. incrassata umbellata (Trin.) Clayton, C, E eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. incrassata (Panicum umbellatum Trin.) homonyma (Steud.) Chiov., N, W, C, E, S umbellatum Trin. = B. umbellata incrassata (Hochst.) Hack., N, W, C, E, S umboensis Stent & J.M.Rattray = B. rugulosa (S. ciliolata Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) viridula Stapf = B. bovonei (S. eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) xantholeuca (Schinz) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (S. palustris Stapf) (B. pubifolia (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (S. phanerococca Stapf) (Panicum xantholeucum Schinz) (S. rudifolia Stapf) interpilosa Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. petiolata 485/1 PSEUDOBRACHIARIA Launert *italica (L.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, S deflexa (Schumach.) Launert = Brachiaria (Panicum italicum L.) deflexa lindenbergiana (Nees) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S longiseta P.Beauv., N, W, C, E 487 UROCHLOA P.Beauv. (S. paniciformis Rendle) bolbodes (Steud.) Stapf = U. oligotricha 12 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

503 SETARIA P.Beauv. (cont.) subglabrum (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = megaphylla (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz, N, Melinis subglabra W, C, E, S stolzii (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis (S. chevalieri Stapf) repens subsp. repens orthosticha Herrm., N, W, C, E, S villosum (Parl.) Chiov. = Melinis repens pallide-fusca (Schum.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. subsp. repens pumila palustris Stapf = S. incrassata 517/1 MELINIS P.Beauv. paniciformis Rendle = S. longiseta ambigua Hack. subsp. ambigua, N, W, C, E petiolata Stapf & C.E.Hubb., N, W, E, S (M. longicauda (Mez) Stapf) (S. interpilosa Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) ambigua Hack. subsp. longicauda (Mez) phanerococca Stapf = S. incrassata Zizka, N phragmitoides Stapf = S. incrassata effusa (Rendle) Stapf, E pseudaristata (Peter) Pilg., W kallimorpha (Clayton) Zizka, N, W, C, E, S pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult., N, W, C, E, S (Rhynchelytrum kallimorphon Clayton) (S. pallide-fusca (Schum.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) longiseta (A.Rich.) Zizka subsp. bellespicata (S. ustilata De Wit) (Rendle) Zizka, N, W, C, E, S rudifolia Stapf = S. incrassata (Rhynchelytrum bellespicatum (Rendle) Stapf & sagittifolia (A.Rich.) Walp., N, W, C, E, S C.E.Hubb.) sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss, N, W, C, E, S longiseta (A.Rich.) Zizka subsp. longiseta, N, (S. angustifolia Stapf) W, C, E, S (S. torta Stapf) (Rhynchelytrum minutiflorum (Rendle) Stapf & torta Stapf = S. sphacelata C.E.Hubb.) ustilata De Wit = S. pumila macrochaeta Stapf & C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E, verticillata (L.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S S maitlandii Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = M. minuti- 504 PASPALIDIUM Stapf flora obtusifolium (Delile) N.D.Simpson, N, C, E, minutiflora P.Beauv., C, E S (M. maitlandii Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (P. platyrrhachis C.E.Hubb.) nerviglumis (Franch.) Zizka, N, W, C, E, S platyrrhachis C.E.Hubb. = P. obtusifolium (Rhynchelytrum nyassanum (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) 512 STENOTAPHRUM Trin. (Rhynchelytrum setifolium (Stapf) Chiov.) *dimidiatum (L.) Brongn., C, S repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. grandiflora (Panicum dimidiatum L.) (Hochst.) Zizka, N, W, C, E, S (Rhynchelytrum grandiflorum Hochst.) 514 TRICHOLAENA Schrad. repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. nigricans (Mez) monachne (Trin.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb., N, W, Zizka, N C, E, S repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. repens, N, W, (T. monachne var. annua J.G.Anderson) C, E, S monachne var. annua J.G.Anderson = T. mo- (Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E.Hubb.) nachne (Rhynchelytrum stolzii (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (Rhynchelytrum villosum (Parl.) Chiov.) 517 RHYNCHELYTRUM Nees subglabra Mez, N, W, C, E, S bellespicatum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = (Rhynchelyntrum eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) Melinis longiseta subsp. bellespicata (Rhynchelyntrum subglabrum (Mez) Stapf & grandiflorum Hochst. = Melinis repens subsp. C.E.Hubb.) grandiflora tenuissima Stapf, N, C, E, S eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb = Melinis subglabra 518 HYLEBATES Chippind. kallimorphon Clayton = Melinis kallimorpha cordatus Chippind., N minutiflorum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis longiseta subsp. longiseta 521 STEREOCHLAENA Hack. nyassanum (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = cameronii (Stapf) Pilg., N, W, C, E, S Melinis nerviglumis (Chloridion cameronii (Stapf) Pilg.) repens (Willd.) C.E.Hubb. = Melinis repens (S. jeffreysii Hack.) subsp. repens jeffreysii Hack. = S. cameronii setifolium (Stapf) Chiov. = Melinis nerviglumis 521/1 CHLORIDION Stapf cameronii (Stapf) Pilg. = S. cameronii A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 13

523 MEGALOPROTACHNE C.E.Hubb. macrourum Trin., N, W, C, E, S albescens C.E.Hubb., W (P. glaucocladum Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (M. glabrescens Roiv.) (P. macropogon Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) glabrescens Roiv. = M. albescens massaicum Stapf, S polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. atrichum 524 DIGITARIA Haller (Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) Brunken, N acuminatissima Stapf, N, W, E polystachion (L.) Schult. subsp. polystach- (D. acuminatissima subsp. inermis P.Goetgh.) ion, N, C, E acuminatissima subsp. inermis P.Goetgh. = D. (P. subangustum (Schum.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) acuminatissima purpureum Schumach., N, W, C, E, S adscendens (Kunth) Henrard = D. ciliaris setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov., W, C, E angolensis Rendle, N, C, E thunbergii Kunth, C, E apiculata Stent = D. maitlandii trisetum Leeke, C, S brazzae (Franch.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (P. typhoides (Burm.f.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler, N, C, E, S typhoides (Burm.f.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = P. tri- (D. adscendens (Kunth) Henrard) setum comifera Pilg., N, W, C, E unisetum (Nees) Benth., N, C, E (D. lunularis Henrard) (Beckeropsis uniseta (Nees) K.Schum.) compressa Stapf, N debilis (Desf.) Willd., N, W, C, E, S 533/1 BECKEROPSIS K.Schum. diagonalis (Nees) Stapf, N, C, E, S uniseta (Nees) K.Schum. = Pennisetum diversinervis (Nees) Stapf, C unisetum eriantha Steud., N, W, C, E, S (D. livida Henrard) 534 CENCHRUS L. (D. nemoralis Henry) biflorus Roxb., W eylesii C.E.Hubb., N, C, S ciliaris L., N, W, C, E, S friesii Pilg. = D. longiflora gayana (Kunth) Stapf, N, W, C, S 539 ANTHEPHORA Schreb. gazensis Rendle, N, W, C, E, S gracilis Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = A. truncata lancifolia Henrard = D. pearsonii pubescens Nees, S livida Henrard = D. eriantha truncata Robyns, N, S longiflora (Retz.) Pers., E, S (A. gracilis Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (D. friesii Pilg.) lunularis Henrard = D. comifera 546 ISACHNE R.Br. maitlandii Stapf & C.E.Hubb., E, S aethiopica Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = I. mauritiana (D. apiculata Stent) mauritiana Kunth, E maniculata Stapf, W (I. aethiopica Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S nervata Franch. = Panicum nervatum monodactyla (Nees) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S nemoralis Henry = D. eriantha 549 COELACHNE R.Br. nitens Rendle, N, C, E, S africana Pilg., E nuda Schumach., N, C, E (C. paludosa Peter) pearsonii Stapf, E (D. lancifolia Henrard) 557 ARUNDINELLA Raddi perrottetii (Kunth) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S nepalensis Trin., W, C, E, S pseudodiagonalis Chiov., N (A. rigida Nees) remotigluma (De Winter) Clayton, N, C rigida Nees = A. nepalensis sanguinalis (L.) Scop., N, W, C, E scalarum (Schweinf.) Chiov., N, C, E 559 DANTHONIOPSIS Stapf setifolia Stapf, E chimanimaniensis (J.B.Phipps) Clayton, E ternata (A.Rich.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (Gazachloa chimanimaniensis J.B.Phipps) thouaresiana (Flüggé) A.Camus, N, C, E, S dinteri (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb., S velutina (Forssk.) P.Beauv., N, W, C, E, S (Jacquesfelixia dinteri (Pilg.) J.B.Phipps) (D. zeyheri (Nees) Henrard) minor Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = D. viridis zeyheri (Nees) Henrard = D. velutina petiolata (J.B.Phipps) Clayton, W (Rattraya petiolata J.B.Phipps) 533 PENNISETUM Rich. pruinosa C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E, S *clandestinum Chiov., W, C, E, S (D. pruinosa var. gracilis C.E.Hubb.) glaucum (L.) R.Br., N, W, C (Petrina pruinosa (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps) (P. typhodes (Burm.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) pruinosa var. gracilis C.E.Hubb. = D. pruinosa 14 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

559 DANTHONIOPSIS Stapf (cont.) 562 ZONOTRICHA (C.E.Hubb.) J.B. Phipps viridis (Rendle) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C inamoena (K.Schum.) Clayton (D. minor Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (D. westii J.B.Phipps) 563 TRICHOPTERYX Nees westii J.B.Phipps = D. viridis dregeana Nees, E, S elegantula subsp. stolziana J.B.Phipps = T. stol- 559/1 GAZACHLOA J.B.Phipps ziana chimanimaniensis J.B.Phipps = Danthoniopsis flavida Stapf = Loudetia flavida chimanimaniensis gigantea Stapf = Tristachya superba gracillima C.E.Hubb. = T. marungensis 559/2 JACQUESFELIXIA J.B.Phipps lanata Stent & J.M.Rattray = Loudetia lanata dinteri (Pilg.) J.B.Phipps = Danthoniopsis marungensis Chiov., E dinteri (T. gracillima C.E.Hubb.) stolziana Henrard 559/3 RATTRAYA J.B.Phipps (T. elegantula subsp. stolziana J.B.Phipps) petiolata J.B.Phipps = Danthoniopsis petiolata 565 LOUDETIA Steud. arundinacea (A.Rich.) Steud., N 559/4 PETRINA J.B.Phipps flavida (Stapf) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E, S pruinosa (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps = Danthoni- (Trichopteryx flavida Stapf) opsis pruinosa lanata (Stent & J.M.Rattray) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, S 561 TRISTACHYA Nees (Trichopteryx lanata Stent & J.M.Rattray) hispida (L.f.) K.Schum. = T. leucothrix simplex (Nees) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E, S hitchcockii (C.E.Hubb.) Conert = T. luala- superba De Not. = Tristachya superba baensis leucothrix Nees, N, W, C, E, S 569 ERIOCHRYSIS P.Beauv. (T. hispida (L.f.) K.Schum.) brachypogon (Stapf) Stapf, C, E lualabaensis (De Wild.) J.B.Phipps, W pallida Munro, E, S (T. hitchcockii (C.E.Hubb.) Conert) purpurata (Rendle) Stapf, E lualabaensis Clayton = T. lualabaensis nodiglumis K.Schum., N, W, C, E, S 570 MISCANTHUS Andersson (Dolichochaete longispiculata (C.E.Hubb.) junceus (Stapf) Pilg., N, W, C, E, S J.B.Phipps) (Miscanthidium junceum (Stapf) Stapf) (Dolichochaete nodiglumis (K.Schum.) J.B.Phipps) violaceus (K.Schum.) Pilg., C, E, S rehmannii Hack., N, W, C (Miscanthidium violaceum (K.Schum.) Robyns) (Dolichochaete rehmannii var. pilosa (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps) 570/1 MISCANTHIDIUM Stapf (T. rehmannii var. helenae (Buscal. & Muschl.) junceum (Stapf) Stapf = Miscanthus junceus C.E.Hubb.) violaceum (K.Schum.) Robyns = Miscanthus rehmannii var. helenae (Buscal. & Muschl.) violaceus C.E.Hubb. = T. rehmannii superba (De Not.) Schweinf. & Asch., N, W, 571 IMPERATA Cirillo C cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. africana (Anders- (Loudetia superba De Not.) son) C.E.Hubb. = I. cylindrica (Trichopteryx gigantea Stapf) cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. major (Nees) welwitschii var. major C.E.Hubb. = T. nodi- C.E.Hubb. = I. cylindrica glumis cylindrica (L.) Raeusch., N, W, C, E, S (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. africana (Anders- 561/1 DOLICHOCHAETE (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps son) C.E.Hubb.) longispiculata (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps = Tri- (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. major (Nees) stachya nodiglumis C.E.Hubb.) nodiglumis (K.Schum.) J.B.Phipps = Trista- chya nodiglumis 572 EULALIA Kunth rehmannii var. mosambicensis J.B.Phipps = Tri- aurea (Bory) Kunth, N, W, C stachya rehmannii (E. geniculata Stapf) rehmannii var. pilosa (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps = geniculata Stapf = E. aurea Tristachya rehmannii villosa (Thunb.) Nees, E A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 15

582 TRACHYPOGON Nees 597 ISCHAEMUM L. capensis (Thunb.) Trin. = T. spicatus afrum (J.F.Gmel.) Dandy, N, W, C, E, S spicatus (L.f.) Kuntze, N, W, C, E, S (I. brachyatherum (Hochst.) Hack.) (T. capensis (Thunb.) Trin.) (I. glaucostachyum Stapf) arcuatum (Nees) Stapf = I. fasciculatum 584 SORGHUM Moench brachyatherum (Hochst.) Hack. = I. afrum *dochna (Forssk.) Snowden, C fasciculatum Brongn., N, W, C, E, S almum Parodi = S. halepense (I. arcuatum (Nees) Stapf) bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. arundinaceum franksae J.M.Wood = Phacelurus franksae (Desv.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S glaucostachyum Stapf = I. afrum (S. verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf) roseomentosum J.B.Phipps, W, S bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet, N 598 THELEPOGON Roth (S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf) elegans Roem. & Schult., N halepense (L.) Pers., N, W, C, S (S. almum Parodi) 603 SEHIMA Forssk. sudanense (Piper) Stapf = S. bicolor subsp. ischaemoides Forssk., N, W, C, E, S drummondii versicolor Andersson, N, W, C, E, S 606 ANDROPOGON L. verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf = S. bicolor appendiculatus Nees, E subsp. arundinaceum brazzae Franch.,W chinensis (Nees) Merr., N, W, C, E, S 586 SORGHASTRUM Nash (A. schinzii Hack.) bipennatum (Hack.) Pilg., N, C, E distachyos L., E friesii (Pilg.) Pilg., N, W, C, S eucomus Nees, N, W, C, E, S fastigiatus Sw., N, W, C, E, S 588 CLEISTACHNE Benth. (Diectomis fastigiata (Sw.) Kunth) sorghoides Benth., N, C, E gayanus Kunth var. polycladus (Hack.) Clay- ton, N, W, C, E, S 589 VETIVERIA Bory (A. gayanus Kunth var. squamulatus (Hochst.) nigritana (Benth.) Stapf, N, W, C Stapf) gayanus Kunth var. squamulatus (Hochst.) 590 CHRYSOPOGON Trin. Stapf = Adropogon gayanus var. poly- montanus Trin. var. tremulus (Hack.) Stapf = cladus C. serrulatus huillensis Rendle, C, E, S serrulatus Trin., N, W, C, S lacunosus J.G.Anderson, E (C. montanus Trin. var. tremulus (Hack.) Stapf) laxatus Stapf, W, C, E ligulatus (Stapf) Clayton, W, C, E 591 DICHANTHIUM Willemet mannii Hook.f., E annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf var. papillosum (A. flabellifer Pilg.) (A.Rich.) de Wet & Harlan, N, W, C, E, S perligulatus Steud., N, C, E, S (D. nodosum sensu Acocks) roseus Napper = A. textilis aristatum (Poir.) C.E.Hubb., C schinzii Hack. = A. chinensis bladhi (Retz.) Clayton = Bothriochloa bladhii schirensis A.Rich., N, W, C, E, S nodosum sensu Acocks = D. annulatum var. (A. schirensis A.Rich. var. angustifolius Stapf) papillosum schirensis A.Rich. var. angustifolius Stapf = A. schirensis 594 CAPILLIPEDIUM Stapf textilis Rendle, N, C parvifolium (R.Br.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (A. roseus Napper)

595 BOTHRIOCHLOA Kuntze 606/1 DIECTOMIS Kunth bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake, N, W, C, E, S fastigiata (Sw.) Kunth = Andropogon fasti- (B. glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus) giatus (Dichanthium bladhii (Retz.) Clayton) glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus = B. bladhii 608 CYMBOPOGON Spreng. insculpta (A.Rich.) A.Camus, N, W, C, E, S *citratus (DC.) Stapf, C radicans (Lehm.) A.Camus, N, W, C, E, S caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (C. excavatus (Hochst.) Stapf) 596 EUCLASTA Franch. excavatus (Hochst.) Stapf = C. caesius condylotricha (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf, N, C giganteus Chiov., N, C, S 16 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

608 CYMBOPOGON Spreng. (cont.) (H. glauca Stent) nardus (L.) Rendle, N, W, C, E, S variabilis Stapf, N, C, E, S (C. validus Burtt Davy) welwitschii (Rendle) Rendle, N plurinodis (Stapf) Burtt Davy = C. pospischilii pospischilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, S 614 HYPERTHELIA Clayton (C. plurinodis (Stapf) Burtt Davy) dissoluta (Nees) Clayton, N, W, C, E, S validus Burtt Davy = C. nardus (Hyparrhenia dissoluta (Nees ex Steud.) C.E. Hubb.) 609 SCHIZACHYRIUM Nees brevifolium (Sw.) Büse, N, W, C, E 616 ELYMANDRA Stapf exile (Hochst.) Pilg., N, W, C, E, S grallata (Stapf) Clayton, N, W, C, E (S. inclusum Stent) (Hyparrhenia eylesii C.E.Hubb.) inclusum Stent = S. exile lithophila Clayton, E jeffreysii (Hack.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S (S. ursulus Stapf) 618 MONOCYMBIUM Stapf mukuluense B.K.Simon, N, C, E, S ceresiiforme (Nees) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S sanguineum (Retz.) Alston, N, W, C, E, S ursulus Stapf = S. jeffreysii 621 HETEROPOGON Pers. contortus (L.) Roem. & Schult., N, W, C, E, S 610 ARTHRAXON P.Beauv. melanocarpus (Elliott) Benth., N, W, C, E, S lancifolius (Trin.) Hochst., N, W, E 622 THEMEDA Forssk. 611 DIHETEROPOGON (Hack.) Stapf triandra Forssk., N, W, C, E, S amplectens (Nees) Clayton, N, W, C, E grandiflorus (Hack.) Stapf, C, E 624 URELYTRUM Hack. agropyroides (Hack.) Hack., C, E, S 612 HYPARRHENIA Fourn. (U. squarrosum Hack.) anamesa Clayton, N, W, C, E, S squarrosum Hack. = U. agropyroides bracteata (Willd.) Stapf, N, C, E, S collina (Pilg.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S 625 LOXODERA Launert cymbaria (L.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S caespitosa (C.E.Hubb.) Simon, C dichroa (Steud.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S diplandra (Hack.) Stapf, E 626 ELIONURUS Kunth dissoluta (Nees ex Steud.) C.E.Hubb. = Hyper- argenteus Nees = E. muticus thelia dissoluta muticus (Spreng.) Kunth, N, W, C, E, S dregeana (Nees) Stapf, N, E (Elionurus argenteus Nees) eylesii C.E.Hubb. = Elymandra grallata trapnellii C.E.Hubb. = E. tripsacoides familiaris (Steud.) Stapf, N tripsacoides Willd., N, C filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. filipendula, (E. trapnellii C.E.Hubb.) N, W, C, E, S filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. pilosa 627 PHACELURUS Griseb. (Hochst.) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S franksae (J.M.Wood) Clayton, E finitima (Hochst.) Andersson, N, C, E, S (Ischaemum franksae J.M.Wood) gazensis (Rendle) Stapf, N, E, S glauca Stent = H. tamba 628 VOSSIA Wall. & Griff. hirta (L.) Stapf, N, C, E cuspidata (Roxb.) Griff., N, W, S newtonii (Hack.) Stapf var. macra Stapf, N, C, E 629 HEMARTHRIA R.Br. newtonii (Hack.) Stapf var. newtonii, N, C, altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb., N, W, C, E E, S nyassae (Rendle) Stapf, N, W, C, E, S pilgeriana C.E.Hubb., C, E 631 RHYTACHNE Desv. poecilotricha (Hack.) Stapf, N, W, C, E rottboellioides Desv., C, E, S quarrei Robyns, C, E rudis Stapf, N, W, C 632 COELORACHIS Brongn. rufa (Nees) Stapf var. rufa, N, W, C, E, S afruarita (Stapf) Stapf, C, E, S schimperi (A.Rich.) Stapf, N, C, S (Rottboellia afruarita Stapf) tamba (Steud.) Stapf, N, C A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 17

635 ROTTBOELLIA L.f. 637 HACKELOCHLOA Kuntze afruarita Stapf = Coelorachis afruarita granularis (L.) Kuntze, N, W, E, S cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton, N, W, C, E, S 651 COIX L. (Rottboellia exaltata L.f.) lacryma-jobi L., C exaltata L.f. = R. cochinchinensis 18 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

Distribution maps of useful grasses

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20

21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Oryza longistaminata A.Chev. & Roehr. Phragmites mauritianus Kunth

16 16

17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20

21 21

0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Avena sterilis L. Aristida junciformis Trin. & Rupr. subsp. macilenta (Henrard) Melderi

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. Eragrostis cylindriflora Hochst. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 19

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Eleusine africana Kenn. Paspalum dilatatum Flüggé

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Panicum maximum Jacq. Setaria incrassata (Hochst.) Hack.

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Setaria sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss 20 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. grandiflora (Hochst.) Zizka Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Digitaria milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf Loudetia flavida (Stapf) C.E.Hubb.

16 16

17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Digitaria eriantha Steud. Loudetia simplex (Nees) C.E.Hubb. A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 21

16 16

17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21

0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. arundinaceum (Desv.) Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Fawc. & Rendle Stapf

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Hyparrhenia filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. filipendula

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21

0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Vetiveria nigritana (Benth.) Stapf Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf var. rufa 22 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 0 100 km 0 100 km 22 22

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Hyperthelia dissoluta (Nees) Clayton Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 23

Index

A Diheteropogon, 16 Dinebra , 5 Acrachne, 7 Diplachne, 5 Acroceras, 10 Dolichochaete, 14 Agrostis, 3,J4 Aira, 3 E Alloteropsis, 10 Andropogon, 15 Echinochloa, 10 Anthephora, 13 Ehrharta, 3 Anthoxanthum, 3 Eleusine, 7 Aristida, 4 Elionurus, 16 Arthraxon, 16 Elymandra, 16 Arundinella, 13 Elytrophorus, 4 Avena, 3 Enneapogon, 5 Axonopus, 11 Enteropogon, 8 Eragrostis, 5–7 B Eriochloa, 11 Eriochrysis, 14 Bambusa, 3 Euclasta, 15 Beckeropsis, 13 Eulalia, 14 Bewsia, 5 Eustachys, 8 Bothriochloa, 15 Brachiaria, 10, 11 F Brachyachne, 8 Brachypodium, 4 Festuca, 3 Briza, 3 Bromus, 4 G

C Gazachloa, 14

Capillipedium, 15 H Cenchrus, 13 Chaetaria, 5 Hackelochloa, 17 Chloachne, 9 Helictotrichon, 3 Chloris, 8 Hemarthria, 16 Chloridion, 12 Heteropogon, 16 Chrysopogon, 15 Holcus, 3 Cleistachne, 15 Hylebates, 12 Coelachne, 13 Hyparrhenia, 16 Coelorachis, 16 Hyperthelia, 16 Coix, 17 Craspedorhachis, 8 I Ctenium, 8 Cymbopogon, 15,J16 Imperata, 14 Cynodon, 8 Isachne, 13 Ischaemum, 15 D J Dactylis, 3 Dactyloctenium, 7 Jacquesfelixia, 14 Danthoniopsis, 13,J14 Diandrochloa, 7 K Dichanthium, 15 Diectomis, 15 Koeleria, 3 Digitaria, 13 24 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

L R

Leersia, 3 Rattraya, 14 Leptocarydion, 5 Rendlia, 8 Leptochloa, 5 Rhynchelytrum, 12 Lepturus, 8 Rhytachne, 16 Lintonia, 8 Rottboellia, 17 Lolium, 3 Lophacme, 5 S Loudetia, 14 Loxodera, 16 Sacciolepis, 10 Sartidia, 4 M Schizachyrium, 16 Schmidtia, 5 Megaloprotachne, 13 Schoenefeldia, 9 Melinis, 12 Sehima, 15 Microchloa, 8 Setaria, 11,J12 Miscanthidium, 14 Sorghastrum, 15 Miscanthus, 14 Sorghum, 15 Monerma, 8 Sporobolus, 7,J8 Monocymbium, 16 Stenotaphrum, 12 Stereochlaena, 12 N Stiburus, 7 Stipagrostis, 4 Negria, 8 Streblochaete, 3

O T

Odyssea, 5 Tetrapogon, 8 Olyra, 3 Thelepogon, 15 Ophiuros, 8 Themeda, 16 Oplismenus, 9 Trachypogon, 15 Oropetium, 5 Tragus, 9 Oryza, 3 Tribolium, 4 Oryzidium, 10 Tricholaena, 12 Oxytenanthera, 3 Trichoneura, 5 Trichopteryx, 14 P Tripogon, 5 Triraphis, 5 Panicum, 9,J10 Tristachya, 14 Paspalidium, 12 Paspalum, 11 U Pennisetum, 13 Perotis, 9 Urelytrum, 16 Petrina, 14 Urochloa, 11 Phacelurus, 16 Phalaris, 3 V Phragmites, 4 Poa, 3 Vetiveria, 15 Poecilostachys, 9 Vossia, 16 Pogonarthria, 7 Pogonochloa, 9 W Polyneura, 10 Polypogon, 4 Willkommia, 8 Pseudechinolaena, 9 Pseudobrachiaria, 11 Z Pseudobromus, 3 Zonotricha, 14 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 25

References

BENNETT, K.E. 1980. Keys to Zimbabwe grass FERNANDES, A., LAUNERT, E. & WILD, H. 1971. species. Kirkia 11, 2. Government Printers, Gramineae. Flora zambesiaca 10, 1. London. Salisbury. LAUNERT, E. & POPE, G.V. 1989. Gramineae. Flora BRUMMITT, R.K. & POWELL, C.E. (eds). 1992. zambesiaca 10, 2. London. Authors of plant names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. POPE, G.V. 1999. Gramineae. Flora zambesiaca 10, 3. London. BRUMMITT, R.K. 1992. Vascular plant families and genera. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 26 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses

About SABONET

This publication is a product of the Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET), a programme aimed at strengthening the level of botanical expertise, expanding and improving herbarium and botanic garden collections, and fostering closer collaborative links among botanists in the southern African subcontinent.

The main objective of SABONET is to develop a strong core of professional botanists, taxonomists, horticulturists, and plant diversity special- ists within the ten countries of southern Africa (Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zam- bia and Zimbabwe). This core group will be competent to inventory, monitor, evaluate, and conserve the botanical diversity of the region in the face of specific development challenges, and to respond to the technical and scientific needs of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

To enhance the human resource capacity and infrastructure available in the region, SABONET offers training courses, workshops, and collaborative expeditions in under-collected areas. The programme produces a newsletter, SABONET News, and a series of occasional publications, the Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report Series, of which this publication is part.

SABONET is co-funded by: • The United States Agency for International Development (USAID/World Conservation Union—Regional Office for southern Africa (IUCN-ROSA) • The Global Environment Facility (GEF)/United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

For more information about our projects in southern Africa contact one of the following addresses:

General enquiries about SABONET MALAWI SWAZILAND SABONET Coordinator National Herbarium and Botanic National Herbarium c/o National Botanical Institute Gardens of Malawi (Mr Gideon Dlamini) Private Bag X101 (Dr Augustine Chikuni) Malkerns Agricultural Research Pretoria 0001 P.O. Box 528 Station South Africa Zomba P.O. Box 4 Tel: (27) 12 804 3200 Tel: (265) 525 388/118/145 Malkerns Fax: (27) 12 804 3211/5979 Fax: (265) 524164/108 Tel: (268) 52 82111/83017/83038 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (268) 52 83360/83490 http://www.sabonet.org E-mail: [email protected] MOZAMBIQUE ANGOLA LMA Herbarium (Mr Calane da Silva) ZAMBIA Luanda Herbarium Instituto Nacional de Investigaçáo Herbarium (Dr Patrick Phiri) (Prof. Esparança Costa) Agronómica Department of Biological Sciences Universidade Agostinho Neto Caixa Postal 3658 University of Zambia Rua Fernando Pessoa No. 103 Mavalane P.O. Box 32379 Villa Alice Maputo Lusaka Caixa Postal 3244 Tel: (258) 1 460 255/130/190/097 Tel: (260) 1 293 158 Tel: (244) 2 336 168 Fax: (258) 1 460 074 Fax: (260) 1 294806/253952 Fax: (244) 2 336 168 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] NAMIBIA ZIMBABWE BOTSWANA National Herbarium National Herbarium and Botanic Gar- National Herbarium (Dr Gillian Maggs-Kölling) den (Mr Nonofo Mosesane) National Botanical Research Institute (Ms Nozipo Nobanda) Private Bag 00114 Private Bag 13184 Alexandra Park Gaborone Windhoek Avondale Tel: (267) 373860/374616 Tel: (264) 61 202 2020 Harare Fax: (267) 311186/302797 Fax: (264) 61 258 153 Tel: (263) 4 708 938/744170/725313/ E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] 745230 Fax: (263) 4 728 317/708 938 LESOTHO SOUTH AFRICA E-mail: [email protected] National Environment Secretariat National Herbarium (Mr Thulo Qhotsokoane) (Prof. Gideon Smith) Ministry of Environment National Botanical Institute Private Bag A23 Private Bag X101 Maseru 100 Pretoria 0001 Tel: (266) 311 767 Tel: (27) 12 804 3200 Fax: (266) 310 506/321505 Fax: (27) 12 804 3211/5343 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses 27

Other publications in this series

1. *Southern African national herbaria: status reports, 1996. C.K. Willis (ed.). March 1997. 59 pp. ISBN 1-874907-36-6.

2. *Index herbariorum: southern African supplement. G.F. Smith and C.K. Willis (eds). September 1997. 55 pp. ISBN 1-874907-37-4.

3. PRECIS Specimen database user guide. C.A. Prentice and T.H. Arnold. May 1998. 130 pp. ISBN 1-874907-39-0.

4. *†Inventory, evaluation and monitoring of botanical diversity in southern Africa: a regional capacity and institution building network (SABONET). B.J. Huntley, E.M. Matos, T.T. Aye, U. Nermark, C.R. Nagendran, J.H. Seyani, M.A.C. da Silva, S. Izidine, G.L. Maggs, C. Mannheimer, R. Kubirske, G.F. Smith, M. Koekemoer, G.M. Dlamini, P.S.M. Phiri, N. Nobanda and C.K. Willis. November 1998. 73 pp. ISBN 1-919795-36-7.

5. *Plant taxonomic and related projects in southern Africa. T.H. Arnold and M. Mössmer (compilers). November 1998. 101 pp. ISBN 1-919795-34-0.

6. *†Southern African herbarium needs assessment. G.F. Smith, C.K. Willis and M. Mössmer. July 1999. 88 pp. ISBN 1-919795-45-6.

7. *A checklist of Namibian plant species. P. Craven (ed.). November 1999. 206 pp. ISBN 1-919795-37-5.

8. †Index herbariorum: southern African supplement. Second edition. G.F. Smith and C.K. Willis. December 1999. 181 pp. ISBN 1-919795-47-2.

9. *Making your garden come alive!—Environmental interpretation in botanical gardens. M. Honig. May 2000. 96 pp. ISBN 1-919795-50-2.

10. †Plant taxonomic expertise—An inventory for southern Africa. M. Mössmer and C.K. Willis. July 2000. 350 pp. ISBN 1-919795-53-7.

11. *Southern African botanical gardens needs assessment. D.J. Botha, C.K. Willis and J.H.S. Winter. November 2000. 156 pp. ISBN 1-919795-54-5.

12. Action plan for southern African botanical gardens. C.K. Willis and S. Turner (eds). 2001. 35 pp. ISBN 1-919795-61-8.

13. Conspectus of southern African Pteridophyta. J.P. Roux. 2001. 223 pp. ISBN 1-919795-58-8.

14. Southern African plant Red Data Lists. J.S. Golding (ed.). 2002. 256 pp. ISBN 1-919795-64-2.

15. Addressing the needs of the users of botanical information. Y. Steenkamp and G.F. Smith. (June 2002) 56 pp. ISBN 1-919795-65-0. (reprinted in August 2002)

* Out of print.

† Available in PDF format on the SABONET web site: http://www.sabonet.org/publications/ download.htm 28 A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses