Jurnal Professional FIS UNIVED Vol. 2 No.2 Desember 2015 PRAKTIK INTERNASIONALISASI MEDIA BERITASATU MEDIA HOLDINGS Oleh

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Jurnal Professional FIS UNIVED Vol. 2 No.2 Desember 2015 PRAKTIK INTERNASIONALISASI MEDIA BERITASATU MEDIA HOLDINGS Oleh Jurnal Professional FIS UNIVED Vol. 2 No.2 Desember 2015 PRAKTIK INTERNASIONALISASI MEDIA BERITASATU MEDIA HOLDINGS Oleh: ANIS ENDANG SM Dosen Prodi Ilmu Komunikasi Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial UNIVED Bengkulu ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the practice of internationalization carried out by BeritaSatu Media Holdings in supporting global economic interests of Lippo Group Company. Internationalization is an implication of media industrialization which the media company owner sought to reduce the spatial distance to obtain greater profits. Theory of Political Economy Media used to see how media content represents the interests of certain political economy, especially from media owners. To view the practice of internationalization, the concept of spatialization was used. The analysis showed that the practice of internationalization was done by BeritaSatu Media Holdings visible from nine of thirteen brand-owned media were in English, the media focused on business economics and finance or the life of the upper class, BeritaSatu Media Holdings’ media distribution limited in cosmopolitan areas, some media published in Indonesia (The Straits Times, ThePeak) had editions in other countries, such as Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong. Of this trend was seen that the reader of BeritaSatu Media Holdings was segmented to the expatriate community and executives. The expatriate community and executives were capital market investors and financial markets, or the part of policy makers in the field of economy both in the private and public sectors who have the power or role for the current financial turnaround either within the scope of national, regional, and multinational. Keywords: Media, Spatialization, Internationalization, BeritaSatu Media Holdings . PENDAHULUAN buku dan majalah secara massal. Peradaban Manusia adalah makhluk yang berikutnya ditandai dengan ditemukannya memiliki sifat dasar rasa ingin tahu teknologi penyiaran radio pada tahun 1901 (curiosity) dan kebutuhan untuk eksistensi dan televisi pada tahun 1920an. Lalupada dan aktualisasi diri. Dua kebutuhan ini erasekarang, telah lahir media terhubung mendorong manusia untuk berkomunikasi (online media) atau internet yang melalui berbagai media, yang mana media ini berimplikasi pada alternatif baru dalam cara terus berubah sesuai perkembangan mendapatkan informasi sekaligus melakukan peradaban. Sebelum ditemukannya tulisan, kegiatan komunikasi.Golding & Murdock manusia memenuhi kebutuhan informasi (1997: 255) menekankan fenomena dengan bertanya kepada oranglain.Lalu pada perkembangan komunikasi ini sebagai masa kekuasan Caesar di Roma, mereka transformasi dari fenomena sosial tunggal memiliki media yang disebut acta yang tidak kompleks menuju fenomena diurna,yaitu menuliskan hasil pertemuan industri baru yang sangat maju, yang senat pada sebuah batu tulis yang ditempel di membawa implikasi luas dan beragam. dinding (Baran, 2012: 130). Penemuan mesin Berkaitan dengan perkembangan cetak oleh Guttenberg pada tahun 1450lalu teknologi ini, Noor (2010: 84-85) memungkinkan komunikasiterjadi dalam mengatakan bahwa secara tradisional, wilayah yang semakin luas melalui terbitnya perusahaan media beroperasi pada pasar yang 53 Jurnal Professional FIS UNIVED Vol. 2 No.2 Desember 2015 sesuai dengan konten dan potensi iklannya. jaringan pers meluas dengan sangat Perubahan teknologi yang cepat dan pesat cepat di seluruh negeri (seringkali lantas memudahkan pemain baru untuk melalui diversifikasi dari produk pers) memasuki bisnis media. Akibatnya, sehingga konglomerat media baru persaingan menjadi semakin ketat,sehingga seperti Grup Kompas-Gramedia dan untuk menjaga eksistensinya di pasar, Grup Grafiti Pers pun muncul (Nugroho, masing-masing perusahaan media berusaha Putri, Laksmi, 2012: 37) untuk melakukan ekspansi pasar.Globalisasi Dikatakan Golding & Murdock dan konvergensi teknologi yang terjadi (1997: 255), terdapat 2 konsekuensi dari sekarang ini juga membuka peluang bagi industrialisasi komunikasi sebagai hasil dari media untuk menyusun konten media ke meningkatnya skala investasi modal, yaitu: dalam berbagai format yang berbeda, yaitu (1) jumlah orang yang menggunakan media cetak, audio,audio-visual maupun online. Hal harus meningkat seiring dengan ini tentu saja mendorong bisnis media untuk meningkatnya biaya proses produksi produk beraliansi atau melakukan merger dan media, dan (2) kontrol finansial dan akuisisi dengan menjadi bagian dari perlengkapan yang dibutuhkan dalam konglomerasi dalam bentuk lintas memproduksi produk media cenderung kepemilikan (cross-media ownership) untuk dipegang oleh perusahaan-perusahaan besar, memperluas pangsa pasar. karena mereka memilikimodal besar yang Dalam konteks Indonesia,industri dibutuhkan dalam industri ini. Implikasinya, media sudah berkembang sejak akhir tahun berbagai cara dilakukan pemilik modal agar 1980an sebagai dampak dari arus liberalisasi keuntungan yang diperoleh medianya lebih ekonomi global yang terjadi di berbagai besar dibandingkan dengan ongkos produksi bidang, sehingga mau tak mau pemerintah yang dikeluarkan, termasukdengan mengatasi melakukan deregulasi ekonomi dengan masalah ruang dan waktu sehingga produk mengganti state regulation menjadi market medianya dapat dijangkau oleh lebih besar regulation(Sudibyo, 2004: 13-14). Era khalayak dalam waktu lebih singkat. Proses Reformasi lalu menjadi titik melesatnya untuk mengatasi rintangan ruang dan waktu perkembangan bisnis media, fenomena ini dalam kehidupan sosial ini disebut Henry dijelaskan Nugroho dkk sebagai berikut: Lafebvre(dalam Mosco, 2009: 157) sebagai ‘Industri media di Indonesia telah spasialisasi.Dalam bukunya, The Political mengalami pasang surut, dari menjadi Economy of Communication,Mosco alat untuk revolusi kemerdekaan di masa mengutip pemikiran Karl Marx dalam buku awal Republik ini berdiri (1945-1955), The Grundrisse (1973) yang dekat dengan menjadi pers partisan selama periode konsep spasialisasi, yaitu kecenderungan 1965-1980, dan kemudian menjadi kapitalisme untuk “memusnahkan ruang industri yang menjanjikan pada akhir dengan waktu”, yang mengacu pada tahun 1980an. Pada saat itu, para pertumbuhan kekuatan kapitalisme untuk politisi dan pejabat pemerintah mulai menggunakan dan memperbaiki sarana terlibat dalam bisnis media, dan ijin transportasi dan komunikasi, serta hanya diberikan kepada mereka yang mempersingkat waktu yang dibutuhkan mempunyai hubungan dekat dengan untuk memindahkan barang, orang, dan Presiden Soeharto. Situasi lalu berubah pesan, sehingga mengurangi pentingnya jarak sejak era Reformasi.Ijin untuk spasial sebagai sebuah kendala dalam mendirikan perusahaan media— perluasan modal karena dalam logika khususnya media cetak—dapat diperoleh kapitalisme,kekayaan yang terakumulasi dengan lebih mudah.Implikasinya, darisistem produksi, distribusi, dan 54 Jurnal Professional FIS UNIVED Vol. 2 No.2 Desember 2015 pertukaran ini akan diinvestasikan kembali domestik membuka diri terhadap arus oleh pemilik pribadi untuk memperoleh investasi asing, melakukan kegiatan eksport keuntungan yang lebih besar. dan berbagi kepemilikan saham dengan Konsekuensi dari proses ini adalah perusahaan asing.Dikatakan Arestis & konglomerasi, yang mengarah pada oligopoli Paliginis (dalam Toporowski, 2002: dan pemusatan (konsentrasi) kepemilikan 154),globalisasi meningkatkan saling media. Di Indonesia sendiri, hasil bergantungan ekonomi sebagai hasil dari penelitianNugroho dkk (2012) mencatat peningkatan perdagangan dan arus modal adanya 12 kelompok media besar yang internasional. mengendalikan hampir semua kanal media di Salah satu perusahaan media di Indonesia, termasuk didalamnya media Indonesia yang melakukan praktik penyiaran, media cetak dan media online. internasionalisasi adalah Beritasatu Media Mereka adalah:MNC Group(memiliki 3 Holdings yang merupakan anak perusahaan kanal televisi free-to-air, 20 jaringan televisi raksasa Lippo Group.Awalnya, Lippo Group lokal dan 22 jaringan radio dibawah anak merupakan perusahaanyang bergerak di perusahaanSindo Radio), Kelompok Kompas bidang perbankan dan didirikan oleh Mochtar Gramedia(memiliki KompasTV, 12 Riady, lalu kepemimpinan Lippo Group penyiaran radio di bawah anak perusahaan dilanjutkan oleh anaknya, yaitu James Riady. Radio Sonora, dan 89 perusahaan media Dalam situs Knowledge@Wharton, dimuat cetak), Elang Mahkota Teknologi, Visi Media hasil wawancaraJames Riady, CEO Lippo Asia(memiliki 2 stasiun televisi dan media Group, tentang geliat usahanya (terutama di online vivanews.com), Grup Jawa bidang properti dan perbankan) di kawasan Pos(memiliki 171 perusahaan media cetak, Asia Tenggara yang telah meluas hingga termasuk Radar Grup), Mahaka Media, CT China, Hongkong;Cook Island, Amerika Group, Beritasatu Media Holdingss(di Serikat, dan Australia. Tidak hanya itu, bawah Grup Lippo, telah mendirikan Internet Lippo Group juga berencana untuk Protocol Television BeritaSatuTV, kanal menginvestasikan dana US$10 juta di media online beritasatu.com dan sejumlah kawasan Asia Pasifik.Selain bergerak di surat kabar dan majalah), Grup Media, MRA bidang properti dan perbankan, perusahaan Media, Femina Group dan Tempo Inti ini juga bergerak di bidang telekomunikasi, Media. retail, perawatan kesehatan, dan merupakan Terpusatnya kepemilikan perusahaan pemilik Universitas Pelita Harapan. Dalam media oleh kelompok perusahaan besar dapat laman berita suarapengusaha.com edisi 25 terjadi melalui beberapa cara, yaitu: Januari 2013, disebutkan bahwa Lippo Group integrasi, diversifikasi, dan internasionalisasi bekerjasama denganCaesars
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