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Impacts of Bt Brinjal (Eggplant) Technology in Bangladesh

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Impacts of Bt Brinjal (Eggplant) Technology in Bangladesh DRAFT REPORT IMPACTS OF BT BRINJAL (EGGPLANT) TECHNOLOGY IN BANGLADESH Akhter U. Ahmed, John F. Hoddinott, Naveen Abedin, and Nusrat Z. Hossain With assistance from Julie Ghostlaw, Aklima Parvin, Wahid Quabili, and Shabnaz Zubaid In collaboration with Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Department of Agricultural Extension Agricultural Policy Support Unit Ministry of Agriculture, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and Data Analysis and Technical Assistance International Food Policy Research Institute Bangladesh Policy Research and Strategy Support Program February 2019 IMPACTS OF BT BRINJAL (EGGPLANT) TECHNOLOGY IN BANGLADESH Akhter U. Ahmed*1, John F. Hoddinott**, Naveen Abedin*, and Nusrat Zaitun Hossain* With assistance from Julie Ghostlaw*, Aklima Parvin*, Wahid Quabili*, and Shabnaz Zubaid* In collaboration with Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Department of Agricultural Extension Agricultural Policy Support Unit Ministry of Agriculture, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and Data Analysis and Technical Assistance Prepared for United States Agency for International Development Grant Number: EEM-G-00-04-00013-00 Submitted by International Food Policy Research Institute Bangladesh Policy Research and Strategy Support Program House 10A, Road 35, Gulshan 2, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh February 2019 1Akhter Ahmed ([email protected]) is the corresponding author for comments and queries. *International Food Policy Research Institute **Cornell University (former IFPRI researcher) TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF Tables ................................................................................................................................. iii LIST OF Figures ................................................................................................................................. v Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ vi Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... vii Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background and Motivation .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Development of the Study .................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Objectives of the Study ......................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Organization of the Evaluation Report ................................................................................. 3 2. Research Design .......................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Designing an Impact Evaluation: An Overview ..................................................................... 4 2.2 Evaluation Methods .............................................................................................................. 5 2.3 Method Used for Estimating Impacts of the Bt Brinjal Technology ..................................... 6 2.4 Research Questions ............................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Selection of Study Area ......................................................................................................... 9 2.6 Sample Size Calculations ..................................................................................................... 10 2.6.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 10 2.6.2 Sample Size Calculations for the Bt Brinjal Impact Evaluation ..................................... 11 3. Data for the Evaluation ............................................................................................................. 14 3.1 Baseline and Endline Surveys .............................................................................................. 14 3.1.1 Survey Questionnaires .................................................................................................. 14 3.1.2 Training ......................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.3 Survey Administration .................................................................................................. 16 3.1.4 Quality Control ............................................................................................................. 17 3.2 Randomization and Balance ................................................................................................ 17 3.3 Attrition ............................................................................................................................... 19 3.4 Qualitative Research ........................................................................................................... 20 3.4.1 Qualitative Protocol ...................................................................................................... 21 i 3.4.2 Qualitative Fieldwork ................................................................................................... 22 4. Bt Brinjal Study Implementation ............................................................................................... 24 4.1 Project Partners ................................................................................................................... 24 4.1.1 Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) ...................................................... 24 4.1.2 Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) ................................................................ 24 4.1.3 International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) .................................................... 25 4.1.4 Agricultural Policy Support Unit (APSU) ....................................................................... 26 4.1.5 Cornell University ......................................................................................................... 26 4.1.6 Data Analysis and Technical Assistance (DATA) ........................................................... 26 4.2 Project Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 26 4.2.1 Monitoring Training for DAE Officials ........................................................................... 26 4.2.2 Farmers’ Training .......................................................................................................... 27 4.2.3 Input Packages for Farmers .......................................................................................... 27 4.2.4 Seedling Production and Transplantation .................................................................... 28 4.2.5 Pest Infestation ............................................................................................................. 29 4.2.6 Flowering of Plants ....................................................................................................... 29 5. Profile of Survey Households .................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 30 5.2 Characteristics of Survey Households ................................................................................. 30 5.3 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 36 6. Impacts of Bt Brinjal: Pest Infestation and Insecticide Use ...................................................... 37 6.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 37 6.2 Pests and Insecticides .......................................................................................................... 37 6.3 Impact Analysis .................................................................................................................... 41 6.4 Impact on the Toxicity Level of Pesticides Used ................................................................. 42 6.5 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 49 7. Impacts of Bt Brinjal: Brinjal Production and Yields ................................................................. 50 7.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 50 7.2 Data and Descriptive Statistics ............................................................................................ 50 7.3 Basic Impact Results ............................................................................................................ 52 7.4 Mechanisms and Extensions ............................................................................................... 54 ii 7.5 Summary ............................................................................................................................
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