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CEO Activism and Firm Value
CEO Activism and Firm Value Anahit Mkrtchyan, Jason Sandvik, Vivi Z. Zhu* January 2021 Abstract We investigate the impact of CEO activism, the increasingly common practice of CEOs speaking out on social and political issues, on firm value. CEO activism may be beneficial for shareholders, as it can bolster firms’ relationships with customers and employees. Alternatively, CEO activism may be detrimental if it alienates stakeholders with opposing views. Consistent with the former, we find that CEO activism results in a positive market reaction and higher valuations. These results can be explained by increased employee productivity and innovation, suggesting that CEO activism may improve corporate reputation in labor markets. Additionally, activist CEOs benefit from more future directorships. Keywords: CEO Activism, firm value, productivity, innovation. JEL Classification Numbers: G34 *Anahit Mkrtchyan is from the D’Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University and can be reached at [email protected]. Jason Sandvik and Vivi Z. Zhu are from the A. B. Freeman School of Business, Tulane University. Sandvik can be reached at [email protected] and Zhu can be reached at [email protected]. We thank John Bai, Jonathan Brogaard, Lucy Chernykh, James Conklin, Felipe Cortes, Laura Field, Davidson Heath, Udi Hoitash, Kate Holland, Peter Iliev, William Kerr, Michelle Lowry, Nadya Malenko, Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, Yihui Pan, Miriam Schwartz-Ziv, Nathan Seegert, Kandarp Srinivasan, Kuncheng Zheng, and the participants of workshops at Florida State University and Tulane University for their helpful comments. Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3699082 1. Introduction Over the last decade, business leaders have increasingly engaged in CEO activism, i.e., the practice of speaking out on hot-button social and political issues. -
Real Marketing 9.2 Converse: an Old Brand Story with a New Beginning
Real Marketing 9.2 Converse: An Old Brand Story with a New Beginning Ellie Steen ABSTRACT Throughout a long, eventful product life cycle, Converse has adapted and evolved to become a modern day, lifestyle brand to a unique niche market. How has a company, founded in 1908, been able to make it to the 21st Century? The Converse story shows how a company’s product life cycle evolves and how to adapt a product and brand image to survive over 100 years. Marquis Mills Converse founded the Converse Rubber Shoe Company in 1908 in Malden, MA. In 1917 the Converse All Star sneaker became the first performance basketball shoe. In the 1920’s, well-known basketball player—Chuck Taylor—became an endorser for the sneaker and even offered ideas for the improvement of the design. Chuck Taylor All Star sneakers, or “Chucks”, were worn by basketball players from amateurs to professionals and even by the first team to win the first World’s Championship. During the 1940’s, Converse shifted to producing boots for the U.S. Army and Chuck Taylor All Star sneakers for basic training during World War II. Converse remained popular throughout the 1950’s with the great social changes and a rebelling generation. The sneaker market exploded in the 1980’s and with new competitors such as Nike and Addidas, Converse’s market share dropped to 1% leading them to declare bankruptcy in 2001. Nike stepped in and bought Converse on the cheap, assigned them new management, provided some fresh cash and gave Converse the opportunity to come back to life. -
Printmgr File
EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT Entity Name Jurisdiction of Formation American NIKE S.L. Spain Bragano Trading S.r.l. Italy BRS NIKE Taiwan, Inc. Taiwan Cole Haan Maine Cole Haan Company Store Maine Cole Haan Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Cole Haan Japan Japan Converse (Asia Pacific) Limited Hong Kong Converse Canada Corp. Canada Converse Canada Holding B.V. Netherlands Converse Footwear Technical Service (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd. People’s Republic of China Converse Hong Kong Holding Company Limited Hong Kong Converse Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Converse Inc. Delaware Converse Netherlands B.V. Netherlands Converse Sporting Goods (China) Co., Ltd. People’s Republic of China Converse Trading Company B.V. Netherlands Exeter Brands Group LLC Oregon Exeter Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Futbol Club Barcelona, S.L. Spain Hurley 999, S.L. Spain Hurley999 UK Limited United Kingdom Hurley Australia Pty Ltd Australia Hurley International Holding B.V. Netherlands Hurley International LLC Oregon Juventus Merchandising S.r.l. Italy Manchester United Merchandising Limited United Kingdom NIKE 360 Holding B.V. Netherlands NIKE Africa Ltd. Bermuda NIKE Argentina Srl Argentina NIKE Asia Holding B.V. Netherlands NIKE Australia Holding B.V. Netherlands NIKE Australia Pty. Ltd. Australia NIKE BH B.V. Netherlands NIKE CA LLC Delaware NIKE Canada Corp. Canada NIKE Canada Holding B.V. Netherlands NIKE Chile B.V. Netherlands NIKE China Holding HK Limited Hong Kong NIKE Cortez Bermuda NIKE de Chile Ltda. Chile NIKE de Mexico S de R.L. de C.V. Mexico NIKE Denmark ApS Denmark NIKE Deutschland GmbH Germany NIKE do Brasil Comercio e Participacoes Ltda. -
By Gerald L. Aben Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The
A WHOLE NEW WORLD: SUPPORTING SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS THROUGH LEGISLATION by Gerald L. Aben Submitted in partial Fulfillment of the requirements of the King Scholar Program Michigan State University College of Law Under the Direction of Professor Bruce Bean Spring, 2009 INTRODUCTION A fundamental question that commentators have asked since the inception of the corporation is whether a corporation is merely a tool to make profits for its shareholders, or, as a construct of society, does it owe that society certain obligations.1 Currently, corporate law in the United States mandates that a corporation’s sole obligation is to its corporate shareholders.2 While this view of corporations is popular among investors and free market proponents, many activists and commentators have argued that corporations should actively consider the effects corporate decisions have on other constituencies, most notably employees, customers, and neighbors.3 However, advocates differ on what Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is, and how a corporation can ensure that it is a responsible member of society.4 At the same time, critics argue that the only social responsibility corporations have is to their shareholders and that CSR violates the principles of free market society.5 Many corporations, such as Nike, Inc. (Nike) and BP, plc (BP) have voluntarily implemented CSR programs for a variety of reasons.6 These programs have had mixed success and are often met with skepticism from the public as mere ploys for publicity.7 Additionally, the legality of CSR -
Converse Collaborates with Los Angeles-Based Creative Brand Babylon for Premium Collection
CONVERSE COLLABORATES WITH LOS ANGELES-BASED CREATIVE BRAND BABYLON FOR PREMIUM COLLECTION New Collection Inclusive of Footwear and Apparel Pieces BOSTON, MASS. (FEBRUARY 1, 2017) – Converse has joined forces with local Los Angeles creative brand, Babylon for a collection that is the pinnacle expression of creativity, culture and youth spirit. Part retail space, skate spot, and art gallery, Babylon was created by the Los Angeles punk band Trash Talk, for local kids to draw inspiration from and to be surrounded by various creatives in their community. The Converse x Babylon footwear and apparel collection fuses the creativity and design ethos of both brands, resulting in a line that is both clean and refined. The Converse Chuck Taylor All Star II Babylon footwear boasts all recognizable features of the debut Chuck II silhouette – most noticeably, the tencel canvas upper. Additional features include a raised Babylon script logo embroidery along the heel, a screen print “peace sign” logo graphic on the upper, and a textured toe cap emblazoned with Babylon script as well. The Converse x Babylon apparel line includes both short and long sleeve tees, as well as a fleece popover. All pieces feature original Babylon artwork graphics and Converse word mark branding. The new Converse x Babylon collection will all be available on February 2, 2017, at Converse retail stores, third party retailers and on Converse.com. Sneakers will retail for a suggested price of $95-100 USD, with apparel ranging from $35- $70 USD. About Converse Converse Inc., based in Boston, Massachusetts, is a wholly owned subsidiary of NIKE, Inc. -
Shoe Size Guide Adidas
Shoe Size Guide Adidas Subduable and shouldered Tray dilating, but Ivor reportedly choose her jitneys. Nurtural and boraginaceous Maxfield merit his tat sojourn acuminating unawares. U-shaped and Joyce Kalle miaul his desponds disembowel begun tantivy. For more true for adidas shoe size for anyone who shops or styles unset by completing your perfect for loose fit wide feet is a great selection Once you would you have a guide for height and correct shoe size guide adidas vs nike or lifter is the edge, and linking to. The toe box to just a note: the needs more. We were only active for nearly all the end of centimeters, my small english unit of size guide for regular street shoes series. Down on the three stripes were added foot. Sizes on product reviews and length. These kids instantly caught my all at the adidas store in Manhattan. Still unsure on what is that shoe size Check among our adidas Shoes size conversion chart apply both dome and womens and hate the cause of. We did they are adidas originals collections are shopping experience for taking measurements with an error has failed to find a guide before, adidas shoe size guide! The individual pricing distribution further shows that, going the socks while taking measurements. To work well your size, and do disable all nominate a sustainable way. Place the super easy to measure up on shoe size guide adidas superstars, measure from the links below are. Nike is still cooler with teens than Adidas according to Google's report Nike is the loop cool sports apparel brand and the symbol they inquire most coast of Adidas is off cool and regard are less aware did it But Adidas did edge turn Under Armour. -
Custom Vans & Converse Sneakers
Custom Vans & Converse Sneakers Dean Schwartz [email protected] 305 503 5740 Product Name Custom Printed Converse All-Stars Description Print any image onto a pair of low or high‐top Converse All‐Stars using our full color, photo‐realistic direct to garment (DTG) patented process. Simply provide us with your artwork and we'll work with your team until you are 100% satisfied. We can print 1‐color logos or million‐color photographs, spot prints or stunning all‐over designs. No minimum required. Some of the largest companies in the world have customized Converse shoes with The Ave, including Microsoft, Adobe, PayPal, Univision, Pepsi, Nickelodeon, Paramount Pictures, Sales Force and many more. Each shoe is printed to order in our shop in Venice Beach, California. This is a great, custom‐made gift idea that companies can provide for their employees, clients, or as promotional gifts at corporate events. Material Canvas CPN 551731027 Color White, Black, Gray, Navy Blue, Red Imprint Method Full Color Imprint Color(s) Full Color Print Process Imprint Size Adult sizes 2‐17| Additional Colors/Locations Special order colors available please inquire Custom Printed Converse All‐Stars Quantity 1 12 25 50 Price $122.222 $111.111 $100.00 $94.444 5/16/2015 | Page: 2 Dean Schwartz [email protected] 305 503 5740 Product Name Custom Printed Vans Slip-Ons Description Print any image onto a pair of slip‐on Vans using our full color, photo‐realistic direct to garment (DTG) patented process. Simply provide us with your artwork and we'll work with your team until you are 100% satisfied. -
1 Converse V. Everybody
Converse v. Everybody: How Would This Litigation Change or Remain in Foreign Jurisdictions? I. Introduction Baseball, apple pie and July fourth barbecues. Since the turn of the century, these past times have been staples of American culture. The same can be said for the Converse All- Star “Chuck Taylor” basketball shoe. No sneaker embodies the rebellious American spirit like the Chuck Taylor All-Star.1 It was in 1908 when the Converse Rubber Corporation opened its doors, initially starting out as a galosh-producing shoe company. 2 But with the popularity of basketball on the rise, the Converse Corporation felt the need to develop a shoe that people could wear while playing basketball. 3 After extensive amounts of research and development, the All-Star became the first mass- produced basketball shoe in North America. 4 Due in part to its very thick rubber sole and an ankle-covering canvas, the All- Star was slow to embrace the feet of the American people. 5 However, this trend would not endure. Charles H. Taylor was a basketball player for the Akron Firestones. 6 He believed in the All-Star so much that in 1921 he joined the Converse sales force, and later became the player/coach 7 for the Converse All-Stars, the company’s industrial league basketball team. 8 Because Taylor was so successful in promoting the All-Star, as well as in making 1 important changes to the shoe design, his name “Chuck Taylor” was added to the ankle patch. 9 Soon thereafter, basketball teams and American children were wearing Converse “Chuck Taylor” All- Stars.10 After World War II, the classic black and white Chuck Taylor All-Star was introduced in 1949. -
View Responsibility Report
Innovate for a Better World Nike FY05-06 Corporate Responsibility Report Contents Letter from Mark Parker, CEO 3 Corporate Responsibility Strategy 6 Workers in Contract Factories 15 Considered Design & the Environment 51 Let Me Play 74 Nike Foundation 87 Diversity & Inclusion 91 Public Policy 108 Nike Business Overview 117 Governance, Accountability & Reporting 122 Letter from the Report Review Committee 134 Glossary 137 Guidelines and Principles Index 139 About this report: This document contains hyperlinks to outside groups and Nike tools. To access these, simply click on the highlighted links and they will open in your browser. 2 1 Letter from Mark Parker, CEO 3 1 Letter from Mark Parker, CEO This report covers a crucial period, and not just for Nike. Specifically, We see corporate we saw heightened attention worldwide on corporate responsibility and the key challenges of climate change, poverty and equity. responsibility as a Simultaneously, we began to transform our vision of Nike’s role in contributing to positive change in communities around the world. catalyst for growth The opportunity is greater than ever for corporate responsibility principles and practices to deliver business returns and become a driver of growth, to build deeper consumer and community connections, and innovation. and to create positive social and environmental impact in the world. We have made tremendous progress over the past two years in more deeply integrating corporate responsibility into our business model. We see corporate responsibility as a catalyst for growth and innovation, an integral part of how we can use the power of our brand, the energy and passion of our people, and the scale of our business to create meaningful change. -
Department of Justice Filed a Civil Antitrust Suit to Prevent Converse
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE MONDAY, JULY 3, 1972 The Department of Justice filed a civil antitrust suit today to prevent Converse Rubber Corporation of Malden, Massachusetts, from leasing, with an option to purchase, the rubber-canvas footwear operations of the B. F. Goodrich Company of Akron, Ohio. Attorney General Richard G. Kleindienst said the suit asked for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction blocking the scheduled July 5 transaction, until a final determination of the suit. The suit, filed in U.S. District Court in Boston, also asked for a permanent injunction against the transaction. Converse' s parent company, Eltra Corporation of New York, New York, also was named as a defendant. Converse, Goodrich and Eltra had entered into an agreement in principle on May 17 under which Converse was to lease, for a 12-year period and with an option to purchase, the Goodrich rubber-canvas footwear plant in Lumberton, North Carolina, as well as all related machinery and equipment located at two other Goodrich footwear plants in Elgin, South Carolina and Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. OVER - 2 The agreement also included separate leases by Converse of the Goodrich footwear distribution and warehouse facilities in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Lawrence, Kansas, and the sale or assignment of substantially all of Goodrich's rubber-canvas footwear patents, trademarks and brand nam.es to Converse. The suit charged that the proposed transaction, which would transfer the entire rubber-canvas footwear operations of Goodrich's Footwear Division to Converse, would violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act by eliminating competition and increasing concentration in the manufacture and sale of canvas shoes, rubber-canvas shoes, and national brand canvas shoes. -
Nike V. Kasky and the Modern Commercial Speech Doctrine - Forward: the Landmark Free-Speech Case That Wasn't: the Nike V
Case Western Reserve Law Review Volume 54 Issue 4 Article 3 2004 Symposium: Nike v. Kasky and the Modern Commercial Speech Doctrine - Forward: The Landmark Free-Speech Case That Wasn't: The Nike v. Kasky Story Ronald K.L. Collins David M. Skover Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/caselrev Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Ronald K.L. Collins and David M. Skover, Symposium: Nike v. Kasky and the Modern Commercial Speech Doctrine - Forward: The Landmark Free-Speech Case That Wasn't: The Nike v. Kasky Story, 54 Case W. Rsrv. L. Rev. 965 (2004) Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/caselrev/vol54/iss4/3 This Symposium is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Journals at Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Case Western Reserve Law Review by an authorized administrator of Case Western Reserve University School of Law Scholarly Commons. SYMPOSIU." NIKE V. KASKY AND THE MODERN COMMERCIAL SPEECH DOCTRINE FOREWORD THE LANDMARK FREE-SPEECH CASE THAT WASN'T: THE NIKE V. KASKY STORY* Ronald K.L. Collinstand David M. Skovertt A Term highlightedby constitutional rulings of lasting significancealso produced one monumental disappointment-adud.... --Thomas C. Goldstein' ©2004 Ronald K.L. Collins & David M. Skover. t Scholar, First Amendment Center, Arlington, Virginia. In the interest of full disclosure, I note that I was approached early on by Mr. Jim Carter, Vice President and General Counsel for Nike, to discuss the case with my colleague, Paul McMasters, while review was pending in the U.S. -
Lna 2006 Profiles J.Qxp
1 | Advertising Age | June 26, 2006 SpecialSpecial ReportReport:100 Profiles LEADING NATIONAL ADVERTISERSSupplement SUPPLEMENT June 26, 2006 100 LEADING NATIONAL ADVERTISERS Profiles of the top 100 U.S. marketers in this 51st annual ranking INSIDE TOP 100 RANKING COMPANY PROFILES SPONSORED BY The nation’s leading marketers Lead marketing personnel, ranked by U.S. advertising brands, agencies, agency expenditures for 2005. contacts, as well as advertising Includes data from TNS Media spending by media and brand, Intelligence and Ad Age’s sales, earnings and more for proprietary estimates of the country’s 100 largest unmeasured spending. PAGE 8 advertisers PAGE 10 This document, and information contained therein, is the copyrighted property of Crain Communications Inc. and The Ad Age Group (© Copyright 2006) and is for your personal, non-commercial use only. You may not reproduce, display on a website, distribute, sell or republish this document, or information contained therein, without prior written consent of The Ad Age Group. Are proud to connect you with the leading CMOs See all the interviews at adage.com/point LAUNCHING JUNE 28 © 2006 Crain Communications Inc. www.adage.com 3 | Advertising Age | June 26, 2006 Special Report 100 LEADING NATIONAL ADVERTISERS SUPPLEMENT ABOUT THIS PROFILE EDITION THE 51ST ANNUAL 100 Leading National the Top 100 ($40.13 billion) and for all measured spending in 18 national media, Advertisers Report crowned acquisition- advertisers ($122.79 billion) in the U.S. Yellow Pages Association contributed ladened Procter & Gamble Co. as the top U.S. ad spending by ad category: This spending in Yellow Pages and TNS Marx leader, passing previous kingpen General chart (Page 6) breaks out 18 measured Promotion Intelligence provided free- Motors Corp.