Table of Contents Sisters Set up a Waxwork Busi- Ness
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University of Oklahoma Graduate College
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE SCIENCE IN THE AMERICAN STYLE, 1700 – 1800 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By ROBYN DAVIS M CMILLIN Norman, Oklahoma 2009 SCIENCE IN THE AMERICAN STYLE, 1700 – 1800 A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY ________________________ Prof. Paul A. Gilje, Chair ________________________ Prof. Catherine E. Kelly ________________________ Prof. Judith S. Lewis ________________________ Prof. Joshua A. Piker ________________________ Prof. R. Richard Hamerla © Copyright by ROBYN DAVIS M CMILLIN 2009 All Rights Reserved. To my excellent and generous teacher, Paul A. Gilje. Thank you. Acknowledgements The only thing greater than the many obligations I incurred during the research and writing of this work is the pleasure that I take in acknowledging those debts. It would have been impossible for me to undertake, much less complete, this project without the support of the institutions and people who helped me along the way. Archival research is the sine qua non of history; mine was funded by numerous grants supporting work in repositories from California to Massachusetts. A Friends Fellowship from the McNeil Center for Early American Studies supported my first year of research in the Philadelphia archives and also immersed me in the intellectual ferment and camaraderie for which the Center is justly renowned. A Dissertation Fellowship from the Gilder Lehrman Institute for American History provided months of support to work in the daunting Manuscript Division of the New York Public Library. The Chandis Securities Fellowship from the Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens brought me to San Marino and gave me entrée to an unequaled library of primary and secondary sources, in one of the most beautiful spots on Earth. -
About Women/Loyalists/Patriot
CK_4_TH_HG_P087_242.QXD 10/6/05 9:02 AM Page 183 Teaching Idea Encourage students to practice read- ing parts of the Declaration of Independence and possibly even Women in the Revolution memorize the famous second section. “Remember the ladies,” wrote Abigail Adams to her husband, John, who was attending the Continental Congress in Philadelphia. While the delegates did not name women in the Declaration of Independence, the “ladies” worked hard for independence. The Daughters of Liberty wove cloth and sewed clothing for the Continental army. Before the war, they had boycotted British imports, including Teaching Idea tea and cloth. The success of these boycotts depended on the support of women, Some women acted as spies during who were responsible for producing most of the household goods. the Revolutionary War. Have students Phillis Wheatley was born in Africa, kidnapped by slavers when she was make invisible ink for getting mes- about seven or eight, and brought to North America. John Wheatley, a rich Boston sages back and forth across enemy merchant, bought her as a servant. His wife, Susannah, taught Wheatley to read lines. For each student, you will need: and write, and she began composing poems as a teenager. Her first book of poet- 4 drops of onion juice, 4 drops of ry was published in London in 1773. The Revolution moved her deeply because lemon juice, a pinch of sugar in a of her own position as a slave, and she composed several poems with patriotic plastic cup, a toothpick to be used as themes, such as “On the Affray [Fighting] in King Street on the Evening of the a writing instrument, and a lamp with 5th of March 1770,” which commemorates the Boston Massacre, and one about an exposed lightbulb. -
Brainy Quote ~ Benjamin Franklin 026
Brainy Quote ~ Benjamin Franklin 026 “If you would be loved, love, and be loveable.” ~ Benjamin Franklin 026 ~ Ok “Jika Anda ingin dicintai, mencintailah, dan jadilah seorang yang dapat dicintai.” ~ Benjamin Franklin 026 ~ Ok Apakah Anda ingin dicintai? Mampukah Anda mencintai orang lain sebagaimana Anda ingin dicintai? Tahukah Anda bagaimana cara mencintai? Dapatkah Anda dicintai seperti Anda ingin mencintai orang lain? Mencintai dan dicintai merupakah dua kondisi yang saling mendukung dan berada dalam posisi seimbang. Seseorang yang ingin dicintai maka ia harus mampu mencintai. Demikian juga, seseorang yang mau mencintai, maka ia pun harus dapat dicintai. Demikianlah yang pernah disampaikan Benjamin Franklin, dikenal sebagai Bapak Pendiri Amerika Serikat, berkebangsaan Amerika, hidup dalam rentang tahun 1706-1790, melalui quote-nya, ‘If you would be loved, love, and be loveable.’ Secara bebas diterjemahkan, ‘Jika Anda ingin dicintai, mencintailah, dan jadilah seorang yang dapat dicintai.’ Cintai merupakan dua arah! Saling mencintai merupakan wujud bila kita memiliki cinta dan kita dapat memperoleh cinta. Setiap orang yang dapat saling berbagi dan saling meneguhkan merupakan buah dari cinta sejati. Tidak ada cinta satu arah! Hal yang sulit kita mau mencintai bila kita sendiri tidak mau dicintai. Demikian juga, hal yang mustahil kita memperoleh cinta bila kita pun tidak berniat untuk mencintai. Tuhan telah menganugerahkan cinta kasih kepada manusia. Maka sudah seyogyanya kita mampu mencintai semua ciptaan-Nya, terutama sesama manusia. Orang-orang yang dipenuhi cinta kasih adalah orang-orang kaya, terlepas dari kekayaan harta benda yang dimilikinya. Seseorang yang kaya raya secara materi dan kebendaan, bila ia tidak memiliki cinta kasih, sesungguhnya ia orang yang miskin. Brainy Quote ~ Benjamin Franklin 026 Page 1 Kita mampu mencintai bila kita juga mau dicintai. -
Camp Followers, Nurses, Soldiers, and Spies: Women and the Modern Memory of the Revolutionary War
History in the Making Volume 9 Article 5 January 2016 Camp Followers, Nurses, Soldiers, and Spies: Women and the Modern Memory of the Revolutionary War Heather K. Garrett CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the United States History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Recommended Citation Garrett, Heather K. (2016) "Camp Followers, Nurses, Soldiers, and Spies: Women and the Modern Memory of the Revolutionary War," History in the Making: Vol. 9 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol9/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Articles Camp Followers, Nurses, Soldiers, and Spies: Women and the Modern Memory of the Revolutionary War By Heather K. Garrett Abstract: When asked of their memory of the American Revolution, most would reference George Washington or Paul Revere, but probably not Molly Pitcher, Lydia Darragh, or Deborah Sampson. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate not only the lack of inclusivity of women in the memory of the Revolutionary War, but also why the women that did achieve recognition surpassed the rest. Women contributed to the war effort in multiple ways, including serving as cooks, laundresses, nurses, spies, and even as soldiers on the battlefields. Unfortunately, due to the large number of female participants, it would be impossible to include the narratives of all of the women involved in the war. -
Jefferson and Franklin
Jefferson and Franklin ITH the exception of Washington and Lincoln, no two men in American history have had more books written about W them or have been more widely discussed than Jefferson and Franklin. This is particularly true of Jefferson, who seems to have succeeded in having not only bitter critics but also admiring friends. In any event, anything that can be contributed to the under- standing of their lives is important; if, however, something is dis- covered that affects them both, it has a twofold significance. It is for this reason that I wish to direct attention to a paragraph in Jefferson's "Anas." As may not be generally understood, the "Anas" were simply notes written by Jefferson contemporaneously with the events de- scribed and revised eighteen years later. For this unfortunate name, the simpler title "Jeffersoniana" might well have been substituted. Curiously enough there is nothing in Jefferson's life which has been more severely criticized than these "Anas." Morse, a great admirer of Jefferson, takes occasion to say: "Most unfortunately for his own good fame, Jefferson allowed himself to be drawn by this feud into the preparation of the famous 'Anas/ His friends have hardly dared to undertake a defense of those terrible records."1 James Truslow Adams, discussing the same subject, remarks that the "Anas" are "unreliable as historical evidence."2 Another biographer, Curtis, states that these notes "will always be a cloud upon his integrity of purpose; and, as is always the case, his spitefulness toward them injured him more than it injured Hamilton or Washington."3 I am not at all in accord with these conclusions. -
Who Has the 2 President of the United States?
I have Benjamin Franklin. I have Paul Revere. I have the first card. Who has a prominent member of the Continental Congress Benjamin Franklin was a prominent that helped with the member of the Continental Declaration of Congress, who helped with the Paul Revere was a Patriot who Declaration of Independence. warned the British were coming. Independence? Who has a patriot who made a daring ride to warn Who has the ruler who colonists of British soldier’s taxed on the colonies? arriving? I have King George III I have the Daughters of Liberty. I have Loyalist. Loyalists were colonists who remained loyal to England King George III taxed the during the Revolutionary The Daughters of Liberty spun colonies. period. Who has the group that cloth in support or the boycott of English goods. Who has the group formed included Martha Washington Who has the term for a in response to the Stamp that spun cloth to support colonist that remained loyal to Act, which is responsible for the boycott of English England? the Boston Tea Party? goods? I have the Sons of Liberty. I have Nathan Hale. I have Patriot. The Sons of Liberty were formed in response to the Stamp Act. Nathan Hale was a Patriot spy that Patriots were in favor of They were responsible for the was hung by the British. independence from England. Boston Tea Party. Who has the American Who has the term for a nd colonist in favor of Who has the 2 spy who was hung by independence from president of the the British? England? United States? I have the John Adams. -
FFRU Volume 6 - Page 1 (2Nd Edition) FFRU Volume 6 - Page 2 (2Nd Edition) Table of Contents Editors Message
FFRU Volume 6 - Page 1 (2nd Edition) FFRU Volume 6 - Page 2 (2nd Edition) Table of Contents Editors Message...............................................................................................................................4 Samuel Franklin and Letitia Borrows..............................................................................................5 1800 Pennsylvania Census...............................................................................................................8 Burlington County, New Jersey Marriages......................................................................................8 The Franklin Family Descendants of John, Benjamin and Josiah ...................................................9 A Mystery Story: The Case Of the Origins of John Franklin, Sr. (1729-1819 of Burke County, North Carolina...................................................................12 Queries ...........................................................................................................................................28 Names Index ..................................................................................................................................30 Places Index ...................................................................................................................................33 FFRU Volume 6 - Page 3 (2nd Edition) Editors Message Help in finding maiden names! In the lower left hand corner of most deeds, you will find signatures of two to four witnesses. The first one is always -
Genealogical Sketch Of
Genealogy and Historical Notes of Spamer and Smith Families of Maryland Appendix 2. SSeelleecctteedd CCoollllaatteerraall GGeenneeaallooggiieess ffoorr SSttrroonnggllyy CCrroossss--ccoonnnneecctteedd aanndd HHiissttoorriiccaall FFaammiillyy GGrroouuppss WWiitthhiinn tthhee EExxtteennddeedd SSmmiitthh FFaammiillyy Bayard Bache Cadwalader Carroll Chew Coursey Dallas Darnall Emory Foulke Franklin Hodge Hollyday Lloyd McCall Patrick Powel Tilghman Wright NEW EDITION Containing Additions & Corrections to June 2011 and with Illustrations Earle E. Spamer 2008 / 2011 Selected Strongly Cross-connected Collateral Genealogies of the Smith Family Note The “New Edition” includes hyperlinks embedded in boxes throughout the main genealogy. They will, when clicked in the computer’s web-browser environment, automatically redirect the user to the pertinent additions, emendations and corrections that are compiled in the separate “Additions and Corrections” section. Boxed alerts look like this: Also see Additions & Corrections [In the event that the PDF hyperlink has become inoperative or misdirects, refer to the appropriate page number as listed in the Additions and Corrections section.] The “Additions and Corrections” document is appended to the end of the main text herein and is separately paginated using Roman numerals. With a web browser on the user’s computer the hyperlinks are “live”; the user may switch back and forth between the main text and pertinent additions, corrections, or emendations. Each part of the genealogy (Parts I and II, and Appendices 1 and 2) has its own “Additions and Corrections” section. The main text of the New Edition is exactly identical to the original edition of 2008; content and pagination are not changed. The difference is the presence of the boxed “Additions and Corrections” alerts, which are superimposed on the page and do not affect text layout or pagination. -
How Did Women Support the Patriots During the American Revolutionary War?
Educational materials developed through the Howard County History Labs Program, a partnership between the Howard County Public School System and the UMBC Center for History Education. How did Women Support the Patriots During the American Revolutionary War? Historical Thinking Skills Assessed: Sourcing, Critical Reading, Contextualization Author/School/System: Barbara Baker and Drew DiMaggio, Howard County School Public School System, Maryland Course: United States History Level: Elementary Task Question: How did women support the Patriots during the American Revolutionary War? Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to contextualize and corroborate two sources to draw conclusions about women’s contributions to the American Revolution. Standards Alignment: Common Core Standards for English Language Arts and Literacy RI.5.3 Explain the relationships or interactions between two or more individuals, events, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text based on specific information in the text. W.5.1 Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information. SL.5.1 Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners on grade 5 topics and texts, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly. SL.5.1a Come to discussions prepared, having read or studied required material; explicitly draw on that preparation and other information known about the topic to explore ideas under discussion. SL.5.1d Review the key ideas expressed and draw conclusions in light of information and knowledge gained from the discussions. National History Standards Era 3: Revolution and the New Nation (1754-1820s) Standard 2: The impact of the American Revolution on politics, economy, and society College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework for Social Studies Standards D2.His.5.3-5 Explain connections among historical contexts and people’s perspectives at the time. -
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania WASHINGTON by JOSEPH WRIGHT, 1784 the Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania WASHINGTON BY JOSEPH WRIGHT, 1784 THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY The Powel Portrait of Washington by Joseph Wright N THE EARLY 1930's when the selection of the best likeness of Washington for official use during the Washington Bicentennial I was being made, the choice narrowed down to a portrait painted by Joseph Wright for Mrs. Samuel Powel and the bust by Houdon. Though the experts agreed that the portrait was probably the better likeness, the bust was selected since it had long been nationally known. The portrait, on the other hand, had never been on public display and had been seen only by generations of Powels and their friends.1 It was not until the 1930's that it emerged from that state of privacy. Its history dates back to the autumn of 1783 and the arrival at Washington's headquarters at Rocky Hill, near Princeton, New Jersey, of a young artist, Joseph Wright. Born in nearby Borden- town in 1756, the son of Patience Wright, who was probably America's first sculptress, Wright had accompanied his mother to England in 1772. There he studied painting under Benjamin West 1 John C. Fitzpatrick, editor of The Writings of George Washington, told Mr. Powel this anecdote. Robert J. H. Powel, Notes on the "Wright" Portrait of General George Washington, copy provided by the Newport Historical Society. 419 420 NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT October and John Hoppner, who married his sister. After a brief stay in France, where he painted Franklin, he returned to America intent on capturing a likeness of Washington. -
Stepping out of Her Place: a New Look at Women's Roles During Selected Wars in U.S. History
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2004 Stepping out of her place: a new look at women's roles during selected wars in U.S. history Nicole Lynn Bowen Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Bowen, Nicole Lynn, "Stepping out of her place: a new look at women's roles during selected wars in U.S. history" (2004). LSU Master's Theses. 526. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/526 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STEPPING OUT OF HER PLACE: A NEW LOOK AT WOMEN’S ROLES DURING SELECTED WARS IN U.S. HISTORY A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of Curriculum and Instruction by Nicole Lynn Bowen B.A., Birmingham-Southern College, 2002 May 2004 I dedicate this work to my loving husband, Christopher, and my parents James and Rose Jordan. Thank you Chris for being by my side every step of the way, being my partner and my friend, encouraging me, and never letting me lose faith. Thank you Mom and Dad for always believing in me, being a constant and steady source of support throughout my education, and making me believe that I can do anything I put my mind to. -
DIFFERENTIATING INSTRUCTION Economic Interference
CHAPTER 6 • SECTION 2 On March 5, 1770, a group of colo- nists—mostly youths and dockwork- ers—surrounded some soldiers in front of the State House. Soon, the two groups More About . began trading insults, shouting at each other and even throwing snowballs. The Boston Massacre As the crowd grew larger, the soldiers began to fear for their safety. Thinking The animosity of the American dockworkers they were about to be attacked, the sol- toward the British soldiers was about more diers fired into the crowd. Five people, than political issues. Men who worked on including Crispus Attucks, were killed. the docks and ships feared impressment— The people of Boston were outraged being forced into the British navy. Also, at what came to be known as the Boston many British soldiers would work during Massacre. In the weeks that followed, the their off-hours at the docks—increasing colonies were flooded with anti-British propaganda in newspapers, pamphlets, competition for jobs and driving down and political posters. Attucks and the wages. In the days just preceding the four victims were depicted as heroes Boston Massacre, several confrontations who had given their lives for the cause Paul Revere’s etching had occurred between British soldiers and of the Boston Massacre of freedom. The British soldiers, on the other hand, were portrayed as evil American dockworkers over these issues. fueled anger in the and menacing villains. colonies. At the same time, the soldiers who had fired the shots were arrested and Are the soldiers represented fairly in charged with murder. John Adams, a lawyer and cousin of Samuel Adams, Revere’s etching? agreed to defend the soldiers in court.