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The , 1884 The Aurora

4-1884

The Aurora 12.2

Iowa State Agricultural College

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44 SOIENOE ""QvIT:::S: FR.AOTIOE."

Vol. XII.] Iowa State Agricultural College, April! 1884. [No. 2

TIIE TWO MYSTERIES. The child that enters life comes not with We know not what it is, dear, this sleep so knowledge or intent, deep and still, So those who enter death must go as little The folded hands, the awful calm, the cheek children sent. so pa!e and cllill, Nothmg is known. But I believe that God The lids that will not lift again, though we is overhead; may call and call, And as life is to the living, so death is to the dead. The strange, white solitude of peace that -Whitman. settles over all. We know not what it means. dear, this deso­ 'l'IIE NAZARENE. lr.te heart-pain; This dread to take our daily way, and walk "'ALTER l\fCHENI:Y· in it again; 11.-Poh'.tical Relation of ,Tudect to Rome. We know not to what other sphere the loved I B.-Purpose of the 1Vazarene.-3.' Ana- who leave us go . lijsi'.s of Ms O!iarcicter. 4.-Perfection :N"or why we're left to wonder still; nor why .f r;.. T, ., .. . r. I, fl . f we do not know. q Hl/3 eacmn,r1s. u.- I~ uence q ~His Br.ample. 6.-T!te Christ of tlie Bnt this we know; Onr loved and dead, if Ji'11t11re. they should come this day, Should come and ask us, "what is lifer" not Two thousand years ago ,Judea was one of us could say. startled by the question, "Can any good Life is a mystery as deep as ever death cmn come out Nazareth?" That question is be; still asked, and in every heart it finds an Yet oh, how sweet it is to ns, this life we live and see! answer. From the rrn,tic simplicity of 'l'hen might they say--those ! ones-­ that lowly town is1meklwn arms upon t.lw crosi,, b)ps;11.•~ LTTERARY. the human race and points to a victory craft and violence, meamwss and pride; eternal, to a life of perfect peace. Soli­ His patience under sorrow and suffering, tary and alone, He entert>d the flood­ the sneers of enemies and the betrayal gates of avarice and passio11, breaRted of friends; the marvelous penetration of the storms of treachery and death, and His genius; the matchless beauty of His turned the tide of human destiny. He character; the loneliness of His mission burst all local bonds, ohliterated person­ in an alien world, wrapt Him in the deep­ al Rtrife and national contention hy pro­ est solitude of an impenetrable person­ claiming the brotlwrhood of men. He ality. Nowhere in the reeords of the hridged the cha,- of death with hope world is seen a pictun• of loftier tender­ and s11hstit11ted for the dream of the ness, grander 1mhlimity, or sweeter poet a belief that thrills the chord,- of beauty than when, sickened at sdfislrnes,; every heart. ] le realizt>d the perfect and sin, Ilt> tunwd from the hypocri:-y day, the element of religion, the link of canting sympathy and boasting char­ behn•en the soul and God-the golden ity, to the smiling purity of an innocent link of love. Love-home! "Father child. Lifting it in His arms, He press­ and mother of life and light a11d joy!" ed it to His heart and poured upon tlwir Christ irn,pired love, Ion• inspired the startled senses and shrunken souls that home, and home inspired poetry, paint­ withering l't>buke, "Of ,mch is the King­ ing, the soul and heavt•n. And to-day dom of Heaven." each loving heart, each hallowed hearth­ Love has 110 diviner emblem than the stone, ('al·h happy home that blesses the Good Shepherd. Beniticenee, no ideal humau ra1·t>, stamls as a templ1· of thanks­ so perfect as that "it is better to give giving--a monumPnt to the mpmory of than to receive." Fidelity to duty, no the lowly Xazare1w. He .is tlH• grand loftier standard than a life laid down at har111011ious hlPnding of snhlirnest pre­ its command. Self-sacrifice, 110 dream cept awl d1vi1wst exampll'. From the ,;o perft>ct as the l't>{'tmls of his dt>ath highways of .Ternsak•m, from the syna­ upon the cross. g·og11t>s of .J ll(lPa, from the shadPs of Humanity has ever despisPd her great­ Ciethsemane arnl tlw starry top of Olivt>t, est be1wfactors; offored ht>r noblest :,;ons canw tlw germ principk•s of progrPss, upon the alter of popular di,-content. hroad as tlw wi,lt>st human 1·onception, From tht> darkness of dm1geons, from graudt•r thall tlw chor11s of the 111or11ing tlw thomy path of exile, from tht> i,;tt>ps stars. Tht> highest civilization this of the gallows and the "thud" of the worl.J will t>Yer k11ow, lies veilNl in that guillotim, comes th(• sorrowful wail of gn111dPst of human precqits-the (-fol­ persecut,ed genius. Sorrow and teari- is de11 Rul(•; awaiting only perfecte<1 c11l­ tht· price of trnth; placing heavy loads tun· of heart and mind to purgP and on many ht•arts and inm crowni, 011 many hlt>ss and glorify tlw earth. His abhor brows. '•Calvari(•,- arP everywhere, ou n'll<'l' of rite;- and 1•en•111011iP,- at a timt> whil'h virt11P is l'nwitied and nail,. and wlw11 all rt>ligion was a form; His free­ spears draw g11ilt.]p;;s blood.'' '!'his is dom from supPrstition in a profo1111(1ly tlw tragt>dy of history-the deepest, s111wrstitio11" :t,!.W: His fort.itwle 1111fl<•r ,larkPst ,tai11 upon th<• aunal, of 011r raee. 32 LITERARY.

And the gem of ,Judea, the lowly Naza­ life we see a dying worlil regenerated; rene, who placed in every breast the an aged world made young with love flowers of hope, the principles of peace, and hope. "re see darkness illuminated, the key to a Godlike life; who lifted so­ despair dispelled. "\Ve see the fountairni ciety from the whirlpools of passions of purity opened to nations "effete with that would engulf the soul;who carried the ilrunkenness of crime." "\Ye see hu­ no light but love and laid the foundation manity rising from the depths of des­ for a Heaven on earth, was ensnared by pondency into the sunlight of a civiliza­ the kiss of deception-crushed by treach­ tion that illuminates the darkest corners ery and death. of the earth. "\Ve see the dens of lm1t The Roman spear had pierced His and tyranny give away to sweet and i-ide. The cup of bittere:-it anguish was happy homes. We see the majestic acts placed against his quivering lips. The of one grand drama ,:ontinued through crown of cruel thorns was pressed upon nineteen centuries of darkness and of His pallid brow; and yet He taught the light. grande8t philmmphy this world will ever There are tenets of the Christian the­ know. ology that can never gain the settled Scourged and beaten, nailed upon a sanction. of the world. There are tradi­ crosA, raised like a felon between two tions clinging to its founder that must thieves, despised by those He had labor­ remain forever in diRpute. But voice­ ed to elevate, cursed by those He had less and fruitless will be those years struggled to save, as the warm currents when His example is forgotten and HiR of his painful life ebbed i,lowly out, He principleR find no foothold in the heart. gazed upon that sea of faces aglow with 'l'he strong RhackleA of war may fetter the mockery of derision and scorn, the earth. 'l'he cries of avarice and pas­ raised His eyes to Heaven, and from His sion may Atill, for a time, the guiding broken heart went up the prayer:"Father, voice of conscience. But the forgive them, they know not what they "Follow me" of the lowly Nazarene still do." His head sank upon His bosom, drowns the sneers of sin and the incredu­ and between that :-ioul and thi:-i world of lous murmurs of impatient skepticism. sin, settled a cloud that human eycts can vV e Rtand to-day upon the threshold never pierce. That cloud still rolls. But of a new era-in the golden dawning of the eye8 of love can overlook it, the in­ a better Christian age. When hypoc­ cense of true prayer can rise above it risy shall find no place within the sacred aml the dew of blessings can descend. precincts of the human heart. When Never before or since have human the sunlight of mercy shall fall upon a eyes looked upon a life so perfect, a race, clad in the robes of humanity and character so beautiful and granil, so re­ justice. When life ,;hall be a blmi,dng plete with benefit to our race. Mocked, and death shall have no sting. "\Vhen despised, murdereil, defamed, He sym­ the flower that bloomed upon Golgotha'R bolized a beauty the grandest, a victory height Ahall mingle its perfume of last­ the widest, a triumph that has revolu­ ing love with the incense of harmony tionizeil the world. As a reimlt of that and peace that rise.: from the altar of a LITERARJ'. united world's tlevotion. 1\~h<•n from I They are the world's benefactors and 0ver;- heart aml 0very land shall eorne its llestroy0rn; its conquerors and its eon­ au ,•1lflleHs ~m1g-tlw anthem of ag<·s- q11ered. They are its literary geniuses, one grall(l hosauna to tlw highest: who rise above the mediocrity of the "PeaC'e on <•arth, go()(l will to men." eommonplaee like light-houses on a Ynwn all tlw 0arth shall be a temph'. craggy coast. 'rliey arc its strong states- 1\rnl hi,ghcHt of all npon the ]Wir eharacters mon· uni-1 lJocliecl in this m:v;sterious and rnagnifi­ qm·, mid their isolation more complete. cent rnin. LITERARY.

Then, for a time, let us drop the veil I\ ordinately ambitious, both haughty both between us and all the world beside, brilliant. forget the character of ancient peoples' Burr had more power over people mighty men; shut out from our view when in contact with them, but Arnold those personages whose clay grew tinted by carrying his_ treachery farth~r brought flowers long ere those seemino- spectre equally upon himself the crushmg power barks touched the sands of Sah~ador· and of popular indignation. When reason confine ourselves to a study of the char-' held the scepter of power, both survey- acter of Burr and the circumstances ed the future with keenest eye. But, which surrou~ded and helped mould when passion usurped his sacred throne, that character. they plunged with impetuosity into the present. Both distinguished themselves When the craft was first launched on for military valor and mental activity. the undulating ocean of humanity, be­ Both had abilities for positions most fore its timbers bad been tried, and at difficult. Both gave valuable succor in the moment when a pilot was needed our colonial struggle for life and freedom. most, the compass was lost and lost for­ Burr, because of his greater grasp of ever. Burr's mother, borne by angels' intellect, rose to a higher pinnacle of arms, rose to the regions of glory, and popularity, and because of this his baser left her boy a friendless orphan in a sel­ acts seemed lower in the scale of human fish world. vice. Placed under the discipline of Puri­ Arnold, though lesser in intellect, tanism by a severe and unmovable uncle, equalled Burr in bravery, energy, and his proud, independent, and selfish spirit, execution. But, both had the gilded revolted at such a barrier to unbounded goals of their greedy ambitions placed freedom. He burst the bonds which farther from their grasps, both had held his restless spirit fast, and emerged treacherous and treasonable hearts and into the arena of action, a true knight; in both genius blazed but was untimely wholly unpracticed, but with resolution quenched in o'erwhelming passions. enough to face a from Pandemon- Having natures which knew not fail, ium. when defeated, when pride was wound­ Biblical truth, the safe-shield of fond ed, when hope of coveted power was en­ but departed parents-to that he yield· shrouded in a deep mist, when one man ed not. Desire for place and power o'er­ pointed the finger of shame and the mastered his noble nature, and the reins clamoring crowds derisively detested, of action were taken from conscience when their futures were dark with fear­ and given to policy. With an unswerv­ ful forebodings, then they grew de­ ing will and an ever earnest activity, he sperate and determimed to scale the bar­ forced himself to military fame, and re­ riers which barred then from glory:-but ceived the applause of the admiring both died in ignominy, despised by their world. countrymen. Burr and Benedict Arnold were strang- Military fame grew too slow for Burr's ely and strikingly alike. Both were in- insatiated desires. Political turmoil LITERARY. !-)5

now presented itself, to lure this cunn­ destruction the monster who gloated ing intriguer, who held at heart but the over his diabolical crime! luster of self. Ever has it been the history of the When revolution had just ceased; world, that when a man by force of ge­ amid the conflict of legislators; coinci­ nius or circumstances rises to an emi­ dent with the prayers and curses of vic­ nence where but few can rival, one who torious and defeated partisans; during has almost reached the haven of his the excitement and contentions incident hope, upon falling becomes desperate to an imminent French revolution; when and dangerous. judgment was warped by patriotic pas­ Aaron Burr was no exception. sion-in this chaos of confusion, Aaron Other glories glowed in the west. A Burr constructed his air-castles, cold and great scheme now flashed across that pro­ calm on the surface, but beneath boiling digiously active intellect. A new nation with the molten lava of a quenchless rose out of chaos. Homes, cities, com­ purpose. merce, schools, churches, came into ex­ istence in a moment. A nation rolled in With the treason which was afterward wealth, and a second Solomon, in the developed and revealed to the world, person of Aaaron Burr, ruled from a with the rigor of a Satanic angel, he la­ gorgeous throne. bored for the highest place in the na­ Fanatical as was this dream, to it he tion, but, thank God! was thwarted. made everything else auxiliary; and with His designs began to be discerned and this destroying went Blennerhas­ even a governorship was refused him. sett's home. By magic art the lord of To vent his wrath and glut his vengeance, that fairy land was lured, and his para­ he dealt the death blow to the Federal­ dise blasted. From the crushed spirit of ist leader, a man of earnest endeavor the lovely wife gushed forth in pathetic and national repute. verse the melting tale of woe. It touched Tiger-like was Hamilton tracked and not the heart of Burr. Chicanery was harrassed, until, notwithstanding all his his means, self-worship his practice, ag­ intellectual power and the grandeur and grandizement his end. magnanimity of his great soul, he yield­ Although acquitted by a jury, Burr ed to that cursed custom which gave to never was vindicated before the public. our growing nation a taint of hell. Ban­ Completely ostracised at home, his ishing the adoring offspring of youth greatest hope was for succor in foreign and innocence, the wife who worshipped lands. But, none came. Buffeted from and the nation which needed him, he left nation to nation, whether with peasant all to dwell in the foreign domain of or prince, in England or on the continent, damned duelists. free or under surveillance, the same fate Well might an injured and bereaved awaited him everywhere-poverty and people cry for vengeance upon the insid­ disappomtment. ious who drew to death thii- beau­ To America's shores he came to breathe tiful embodiment of manhood! Well his last. But, before he could fly to the might an indignant people devote to realms of infinity, his crowning grief :rn LITERARY. ramc to curse him. His only clepository of anrl sink henC'ath its weight. All exist­ affection; the one whom he loved with encC' i" bnt a continne

'\Vhat seems more pitiable than that stained with tears. His weary feet no wretched man, as he roamed the streets longer wander homeless and in sorrow, of the great city pierced by the chilling and his noble soul now rests upon the blasts and the agonizing memories of bosom of "Him who doeth all things those happier times when he was blessed well." with the comforts for which he pleaded Let the tears of humanity and the now in vain! charity of loving hearts forgive the The cold, drenching rain as it pattered errors of this noble, wretched man, and upon the glaring, frigid stones, found an may love and gratitude reverence and echo in the heart of that silent sufferer. bless his name. '\Vith a moan of anguish he reeled against ''Surely when thy spirit took its flight the railing of a palace wherein the wealth 'l'o realms beyond the azure dome, and luxury, the pride and pomp of Lon­ God's angels, beckoning. said to thee, don life held sway. 'Welcome to heaven,Home,Sweet Home'." There arc times when the heart, stirred by thoughts and feelings of the past, SCIENTIFIC. seems to rise on eagle wings into the RIGHT OF PRIVATE PROPER'rY heaven of heavens-into God's very IN LAND. presence. We see and hear things un­ speakable; emotions such as these anni­ We maintain that man has a right to hilate all time. In a moment we live a private property in land. Ancl thcttrir;ht life time and crowd eternity into an is a civilized right granted him by the con­ hour. ditions o.f his natitre; by the state o.f Ms Such were the emotions that filled his civilization; by tlie generous arrctngements breast. The wondrous panorama of his o.f nature to meet the demctncl o.f hieman life flashed across his dizzy brain, he weal; by the law moral thrmtgh the acts o.f started, he listened, he hears a sound Government ancl society by virtue (~f their that thrills his very soul, for borne on established laws 10/licli exercise Jmiscliction angel wings, like a vision of vanished and control 1·atlwr than dominion ctncl years, a dream of a buried past, was ownership. wafted to the ears of that lonely man, Each of these several count,; we shall the matchless magic of "Home, Sweet sustain, and therefrom shall be our Home." proof. Surely if there is a God who feels for From nature and her working forces suffering and pities sorrow, upon the was the earth evolved. On it and within book of eternity is recorded that wailing it were always millions of things useful cry, and the tears from that broken to man and adapted to her wants. In­ heart, now glitter in a diadem of joy. herent in these were variom1 forces and In the city of Tunis, still serving his properties, heat, light, crystalization, country and blessing his fellow men, the electricity, vegetable life and growth. book of his life was closed. Its every In the center, to control these forces, was page glitters with a noble act, its every placed the consummation of evolution in chapter is darkened with sorrow and the scale of life-MAN, who, by virtue of SCIENTIFIC. 89

his superiority, became master of the Iistence of both land and its products are forces ;,ilent and the objects visible. He brought about by a common cause-na­ issued his command. at the opening of ture's forces from a common origin­ the great battle to all lower forms of nature's storehouse. How can we divide life and material "To adapt themselves the two? Upon the so-called products to their surroundings and his comfort, or of the land in a reverted state does the be crushed;" and the chroniclers tell us land depend for its fertility, and other that they either conformed or left the things being equal, its consequent value. crushing room. On these material and Take the case of the potato in its native utilizing forces man set to work, and the state. What is this tuber but earth trans­ products created from the pre-exist_ing formed by favoring conditions which material were wrought out as value and labor can control! Is it-can it be made set apart as the -property of the pro- yours? No, according to your postulate ducer. "transformation of land" which the po- N ow the question arises : On what tato represents, does not warrant its classes of material are we at liberty to claim as your property. When does it execute labor, thereby making them our become yours? When you dig it sim­ own? John Locke says: "'Vhatever ply transformed earth exposed to your man removes ont of the state that na- v1s10n. "\Vhen you carry it home? No, tnre hath provided. and left in, he hath simply a change of place of transformed mixed his labor with it and join eel some- earth. "\Vhen it is cooking? No, sim­ thing that is his own, thereby making it ply palatable earth. "\Vhen you masti­ his property." And certainly if the man cate it? No, simply crushed earth. who removes a cluster of grapes from When you digest it and it becomes a the vine makes it his own; if the man part of your system? No, simply a who hews a timber from the stately pine higher stage in the progress of this in nature's waving forest makes it one transformation. Hence yon are denied of his possessions; if the man who tames the ownenihip of yourself. A communi­ the wild courser of the plains and subdues ty of goods! Your body representing him to his will, is made secure in his stock, of which you hold perhaps two or possession; will not nature's wilderness, three shares. N .. w in the complication where grow the thorn and thistle, and what will say our Greenback friend if rank flouriid1es the weed, when entered you water the stock?-a conclusion in by man, cleared of its noxious vegeta- keeping with the premises yon have fur­ tion, rescued from its venomom: growths, 1 nished us. For you have denied man admitted to the light of the sun to yield I the fundamental material on which to a golden harvest for the sustenance of direct his labor, and thereby denied the mankind-will his title not be secured? ownership of himself. But suppOl'ie you deny, as do some, the This brings us to our second count : transforming power of labor applied to Rig/it conferred by tlie state of civiliza­ land, yet admit, as ,fo all, its application tion. Here we repudiate all pre-historic to the prodnctR of land. Let us see ~ and pre-social evidence. Not that we where your logic will lead us. The ex- 1 coula not use it to an advantage, (for we 40 S CIB;_\'TLPf('. shall quote it hereafter), but we arc prosperon:-- posterity. Ancl smce land treating of an e:clsting social ,;ptem that fnrnishcs a stable means for the trans­ regarcls property in land, ancl to have mission of property from one• generation been c01rniderecl right in the ante-social to another, according to our prop,lsition, past docs not prol!e it right or wrong to- it consecrates the right of priYate prop­ day. Right is a principle subject to eYo- erty i11 land. Otherwise gray hairs, know­ lution as anything else. ,vhen yon lead ing not whether its property might revert, me clown the zeologic stair and show me would follow the rnle: "Eat, drink, pre-historic antedelnvian man in each waste and dissipate, for to-morrow yon successive scale living unclcr the system may die." of a community of goods, then we may "By al1i(l11ce of man's labor icith na­ admit the commnnity of goocls as right t1we." It is this alliance that has given under sanction of anthority. However birth to the wealth of the world. Break the case cited by C(•rtain anthors could this correlation and yon check the wealth not at most have exil'sted more than a of the earth an

under these laws, receives the high sanc­ account for the endurance of "private tion of morality. As to the parts played property in land, unquestioned and by the government and society, acting as firm," since the dawn of civilization up· they do the part of protector to every to this, the noon-day of enlightenment, man in the fruits of his labor, thus cre­ and withstood the wrecks and triumphs ating additional value; for which in of unceasing change. An example of return they receive pay in shape of taxes, the "survival of the fittest and the tri­ duties, &c., besides holding jurisdiction umph of right." He speaks of people and control. Now this control will vary who once lived under a community of in degree according as the best interests goods system in remote parts of the of the controlled will demand. "\,Vhen earth, but are now things of the past, for objects of common good the claims remembered only by Henry George. of the government will supersede the Yes, we agree with him; only that private claims. In the establishment of which is right can endure. Thus we see a much-needed highway, lands may be hiA favorite system cannot exist in civili­ taken against the will of the owner, pro­ zation, and to be practiced must bring vided he receives a fair remuneration. us back to barbarism, his Utopia of Several writers of some note and fanat­ politics, Herbert Spencer, would grant icism, such as Henry George, disavow all private ownership from the law of ne­ private rights to the soil, and say the cessity, and necessity is the law of civili­ true claim rests with the nation. Let us zation, drafted in the office of the N ebu­ atldress them a question which Spencer lre, tested by the congregated forces of addresses to the individual: "°\,Vhat right nature in the court of Progress, con­ has the government to the soil?" Look firmed in the march of evolution, and at the chronicles of a national claim. accepted by the intelligence of to-day. Violence, fraud, and superior cunning Finally, considering that we are sup­ marked national pre-emption. Original ported fully by Locke, and in the main deeds were written with the sword rather by Spencer, together with nearly all of than the pen; by soldiers rather than our modern political economists, we ac­ lawyers were the conveyances made; cept the universal instincts of man as blows were the current coin, and for superior to, and less fallible, than the seals blood rather than wax was used, hysterical hallucinations of any benight­ and with these claims on the parchment ed intellect assailed by the goblins of of tyranny the nation asserts its owner­ fanaticism, and therefore adopt the the­ ship. While the private lands, as I ory that "we have a right to private haye shown you, were rescued from a property in land "-Henry George to the state of nature and usually held in case contrary notwithstanding. C.H. S. of conquest by original owner, though under a new jurisdiction. PLAN'r-LICE. Mr. George, in starting out on the Under the general name of plant-lice land.question, says "only that which is or aphides arc grouped a number of very right can endure." How, then, does he common insects which, though small in 4:! seIESTIFI(}. size anrl fre:pe11tly in<'onspicuons in which ccmmence the ,,er;eR of' the com­ tlwir work, are ,;till of great c·conomic ing S(•ason. It has been estimatetl tha1 importance 011 account of their rnvagc·R the progeny of one of t1iPse asexual fe­ npon a g-reat v:uiety of important plant;; .. males may multiply itself by the fifth The common pbnt-lice of house plantH, 1 generation, to the enormous number of rose:,, apple and other common plants, r 5,fl04,noo,ooo, or by the eight gem·ration or the (!readetl phylloxera of the grape, to, -1-J. l ,4(jl ,010,000,000. or the wolly lice of apple, while sening 1Vere it not that tl1ese plant-lice are us as exampl1!S will al,m s<:>rve to repre- pre.n·d upon hy hosts of enemic•,1, a" Rent the distinguishing foatun·s of the well as recheecl by atmospheric in­ familv bv which the common onPs may fltwnces, this wonderful rate of increase he di~tin:~uished. · would canRl' them to overrun everything In hahitH ancl economy the plant-lice in the Hlrnpe of plant life, nntil they preHent many inten·Hting fratnrPR. Th0y wcmln a large mass of which is poun· to greater a mean,; for almost unlimit0d increase: sccr<'t.ions by irritating the secretory

within a short time. I~ is known as the ·1 duct,;. Other species. mak<:> capti.ves of asexual method, sometimes also called, the lice and k<:>ep the>m within the ant parthenogenesi,1, and may he stated; hill as "cattle," where they can avail briefly as follows: In the Rpring the in-! themselves of their sweets hy "milking" dividuals hatched from tlw eggs that I them at th0ir plea,mre. have passed the winter or from eggs laid In some cases the ants build shed;, of in spring hy female,- that have hibernated, earth over the colonies of plant-lice from are wingless and all capable of bringing which they derive their supplies of honey forth young, which are in tnrn able to Sir .John Lnbhoek in his delightful little pr()(luce living individuals similar in na- book on "Ants TI0es and 1Vasps" ;;ay,;: tnre, and so on for from five to 0ight "'rlw ather of different species of aphiR. The common fall comes, when a generation ·of per- hrown garden ant Lrrsius n(qer devot<:>s feet males and females is pr()(lucerl itself principally to aphidcs which fre­ The females of this generation lay eggs <1nent twigs and leaycs: Lmd11s 1mm­ which again pass the winter and will ne11s, to the aphides which live on th~ produce in spring the asexual females, hark of tree.~; while tlw little yellow ant J'iCIENTIFIC. 43

Lasi1ts jlaviis keeps flocks and herds of leaves of apple. It is a common Rpecies, the root-feeding aphides." but rarely remains abundant long enough Only a few day:-, since (April 2Bcl,) in to cause very serious injury. 'fhe rose tearing opcll a rotten stump I found a plant-louse (Arosae) is a similar species large colony of antR and great mnnhcrn working on roses. of plantR-lice, ,10 numerous in fact that The cherry plant-louse (A cerasi) is they seemed as plentiful as the ants jet black and will fre<1ucntly he found them~clves: they were light yellow in clustered in immense numbers upon the color, from confinement in the dark. outer twigs of cherry trees. The com­ 'l'his loss of color in plallt-lice kept by mon sumac gall, formed by the sumac ants has led to the discovery that the na­ gall louse (Pemphigus rhois) is a blad­ tural green color is dne to the presence der like growth upvn the underside of of chlorophyll. It is not deemed poRRi­ the leaves. If opened it will he found hle that the chlorophyll may be olitain­ to be peopled with numerous plant-lice ecl directly from the plants and not elabo­ of all sizes and enclosed in a downy mass. rated in the animal tissue, from GallR of a similar nature, though differ­ the fact that it iR found in species ing in shape, are found upon poplar, cot­ living on the petals of flowers, and further tonwood, elm and other trees. i-tudy is necesRary to determine the real The pine-louse (Chermes pinicorticis) meaning of its presence. attacks the twigs and smaller branches The care of the plant-lice

of destroying great numbers of the plant­ lice. The larvre of the syrphmi flies are also active in their attacks upon these THE AUf\Of\A, insects, as are also the coceinellre and some of the members of the great PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE Ichneumon family, which is sa well ~LITEHHHY f SIJGIETIES~ known for its parasitic habits. These parasitie and predatory insects ought to OF THE be guarded as much as possible against Irrwa: Sta:EH fl.yricuIEura:I GrrlIHyH. injury, since they perform such an im­ portant office, where artificial means are EDITORIAL STAFF. for the most part of but little avail. W. A. GROW, '851~ - - Editor-in-Chief. ANNIE E. HENttY, '84, - - Literary. For artificial remedies it has been FANNIE WIL~ON. '84, - - Scientific· found that the use of sulpher and tobac­ C.H. SLOAN, '84, - Local. co fumes or pyrethrum powder, where BOARD OF DIRECTORS. it is practicable, as in green-houses or for A. S. HITCHCOCK, '84, Pres. - Bachelor. house plants. gives a very effectual check EDNA BELL, '84, Sec'y. - - - Cliolian. to the injuries of the aphides. For the W. M. HAYS. '8-5, Treas. - Philomathean. C. A. CAREY, '85, Solicitor. - Crescent. gall-making species there seems to be no ready means at hand by which to con­ TERMS. tend with them; but where the circum­ One Year, in advance, $1.00 stances will warrant the outlay of time Single Copy, .12 THE AURORA will be forwarded to all it may be of some advantage to collect subscribers until ordered discontinued and and destroy the infested leaves. This of all arrearages paid. Book Notices given free of all books sent course should be done as nearly as possi­ us by authors or publishers. ble at a time when the leaf has per­ Rates of Advertising furnished on appli­ cation. formed its office as such, but before the Address all communications to insects escape from the gall, which neces­ "THE AURORA," sitates watching them during the latter Al\IES, low A. part of the summer. WE regret to acknowledge the exist­ HERBERT OSBORN. ence in our college of an element so lost to self-respect and decency as to be ca­ TnE Laities' Pearl and Electra have pable of the shameless insolence exhib­ been consolidated and appears in an en­ ited in chapel one evening lately. vVe larged form, but still retains the name had hardly thought that any of the stu­ of Electra. The Electra is published at dents would so lower themselves as to Louisville, Ky., and bears the impress of interrupt any speaker with groans and experience and ability. As a family hisses, much less so treat an officer of the journal it is wide awake, charming, in­ institution while in the performance of terestmg, and is particularly adapted to his duty. the cultivation of the older young peo­ No terms of denunciation are too se­ ple. vere to be applied to persons guilty of EDITORIAL. 45

such a misdemeanor-an offence against personalities, of any description, and it propriety and decency for which there is the intention of the editors of the Au­ was no excuse except the promptings of RORA to k9ep its columns as free as pos­ their own malignant natures. sible from all matter of that sort. As a A slight tendency in this direction has general thing such topics are uninterest­ been noticed on one or two other occa­ ing to all except the parties to the dis­ sions, hnt not so decided as on the even­ cusi,ion, and for this reason, if no other, ing in question. It might be well to they should be carefully excluded. note in thi;,; connection that the disturb­ The few lines relative to the local edi­ ance was pretty well located, and that it tor of laRt year which appeared in our invariably proceed,- from the same part last issue, may perhaps have been un­ of the house. called for; however the present local \Ve are glad to state that the distnrb­ scribe thought the circumstances would ern were but few, and that they find no bear him out in writing as lie did, hence sympathizers among the better class of their appearance. students, who should do all in their power to discourage and put a stop to T1rn new Board of Trustees met in such dishonorable practices. regular session Tuesday, May uth, and organized by electing G. W. Mott, of Am,; we to have a college base hall the Tenth district, chairman, and Prof. clnb this year, or has inten•st in this E. \V. Stanton, secretary. Mr. Dysart, sport giYen entirdy away to roller skat­ of the Fifth district, the opposing candi­ ing and kindred amnsement1-1? \Ve have date for chairman, was defeated for that the material necessary for a first class position by a vote of four for to seven club, and only need organization and against. 'l'he resignation of Prof. T. E. practice to place a clnh in the field which Pope, of the Department of Chemistry, can successfully compete with the best was the most surprising feature of the of them. seRsion. The resignation of Prof. Pope 'l'he game is healthy, amusing and one will be learned with universal regret by which requires consid(•rablc skill besides the Alumni, students and friends of the being the national game. \Ve under­ institution. In him Iowa, as well as her stand that a challenge haR been received Agricultural College, loses one of her from Cornell to play a game, either here best men, and there is but little consola­ or there, as our boys may choose, the for us in the fact that what is our loss is visiting club to have their expenses paid Massachusetts' gain. 'l'he Board was re­ by the home club. If sufficient cash can luctant to accept, and did all in their be raised by our boys to pay these ex­ power to have him recall his resignation, penses a game will probably he played but he had already taken a position in here some time this month. an eastern college, and could not be pre­ vailed upon to change his decision. The \VE hardly think the colnmns of a Department of Chemistry, under his effi­ college paper just the place for discus­ cient care and supervision, has gained a sing perwnal matters or indulging in fame which is as well earned and wide- R/Jl'i ORTAL.

------· ------spreatl a., it i~ (lPsen·in,g. He _[;U('" at :·t·:1d from the· Hook of -:\' atm·<' all arouml tht• expiration o!· tlw 1,rn,,ent scl100I yt•ar u, ope•1wd ,1·idc. '\Yl' comnwnee 0H1· l in•,: :i, Rtnre~ti11µ: mui rontine in lww t:i make hoi:h ends me~t. the toe character. '\'\Tm. Foster, of Dc•s ;\loi1w,, mH1 the month. *· •:,- * Thl•re is a R,nnpat!ty, a fellowship in NtHCltcnt li fr ,yas electe,1 architt•ct of th<' iillilt1ing, tn that is ,•1mohling arn1 pnre. Tliong·h be en·ctetl 'I1he orations were all e>xce11ent, and a only unplea:-sm11 fentm-<• being the ,;ettk­ credit hoth to the• oratorn and the states ment of tlw eonteHt behn•('ll the two whieh they repreRc•nted. Below we give Iow:1 t1elegntions. By a ha11ot of fl} the names of thP se1·eral contestants, for, to (5 againHt, thiN wnR (kei

T1rn following ri!~olutions W<'l"l' arlopt­ all(l llevoted e,:pecially to "practical edu­ erl by the G. A. R. P0st. of Boone at itR cation." The TVm·ld makes a number of regular Ression, held April 2G, HlR4. In­ very practical remarlrn, ancl without asmuch as they contain some facts which don ht will he a great succeRs, practically have not comci to light before, we give com:iclered. them a plaec in our columns. The lines which appear in italic are of p0culiar 'rim Ariel 1:- one of the spiciest ex force, anrl to tlwm we i11Yite the careful changes we receive. ------_-_-_-_-_-_-_----:__-_-_-_-_- consicleration of thoRc who have been talking so lonclly about Gen. Gccl

LOCAL. ages stand forth stiff, straight and stylish, "like the spines on the back of -Rink. the fretful porpentine." --Sunshine. -"Distance lends enchantment." So -Pahuchas. thought the person who separated the -April ;.,howers. chapel chairs hy such cruel distance. -Ilepatica Acutiloba. Sunday morning conversation by the or­ -German small-clotheR. gan must take a higher key. -And Rmmrrection pie. -Eugene Hall's poetical entertain­ -Did you get caught? ment was given to a small hut apprecia­ tive audience. It followed too closely -Put out your light. on the Imel;; of the contest to be a finan­ -Did you "hook on to the point?" cial success. -Freshman meeting-" Independence -Features of the rink-No end of forever." "vV all Flowers." Some forget to roll on -Archie sleeps in the "liall"-Lonnie their skates and roll on their bodies. by the "Lane." -vVe have attended protracted ortho­ -1\Iany ,Juniors come from cottage dox meetings, and have seen many souls for meals, ancl now the spinster table is converted. vV e have aJso seen, after the no longer so. revivalist had gone, those converts turn -Faculty-" i'l"o c:mse for action." again to the path of iniquity. But never Trembling Seniors reJoice. "On with have we seen such hack-:sliding as is the ball-let urape-slwt be unconfined." done at the "rink." -Not butter, but ;;tudents that are -It is to be deplored that we must be rancid. Had we never stlHlied "Sike" punished for the sins and mistakes of we would never have thought we were our predecessors, yet it seems to be the to blame. case. For there is our subscription list _:The ,Junior claRH have finished the short and our advertising columns sadly study of the Frurie Qnecme and have bare. taken up Milton. -A certain Senior lady was heard to -Ex-President vVelch's mansion, de­ sigh, "One cannot live on love alone." spite the bold site it occupies and the "\Ve would advise a certain young .Junior enlivening scene around it, seems lonely gentleman to enter that as an item in and for;.;aken. "A castle forsaken by its his book of "possible reso1H"ce,." noble knight." -The gifts of Providence are myste­ -Genius Appreciated.-A ,Junior vet, rious, and sometimes rilmost over-looked. having drawn an artiRtic(?) monogram, Class in Agricultnral Chemistry, about waR eommended by the Prof. and direct­ to pursne that study all term, when it ed to draw a blister. was founcl that the catalogue required -The boys are patronrnrng· · t I1e II· ar- hut nine wPeks. vard cut, and now their hirsute appenrl- -Study of Ego and non-Ego-practi- LOCAL. 49

cal illustration of Ego. 8t11Clent-"Prof., the dew time. .Junior girls, profiting by I can't see that proposition as the anthor their example, made a like raid on Kirk­ does, hence it is entirely out of order." wood Hall with similar intent and re­ --One young man of the Freshman sults. class who thonght aloud will not be so -Prof. of PRychology--,Vhattrain of H(e)asty in advising the faculty to take thought is excited as shown in students a sabterraneau trip. He was invited to taking out their watches? Ans.-Do I close the college doors from the outside. recite next? How soon will the hell -Dorn, yoor room smoke? If so, there ring? is but one method of repentance: "Cast -Anyone caught cater-wauling in the your bread upon the waters." Do the Senior section will be declared hy the gronnds Hmoke in your vicinity? If ,;o, " Senior Vigilance Committee " (who withdraw from cover of that smoke or meet nightly in the "Hall,") a.fossil of you may get.firecl. the Psychozoic age, and placed in the -We invite the attention of our read­ muRenm and immersed in that favorite ::>rs to the advertisement of the law de­ element, alcohol. partment of the State University of -The study of Psychology seems like Iowa, which appears in this isime. 'I'his taking one ont into the middle of the iA probably one of the best schools in deep before he'd learned to swim, and the State for anyonr desiring a legal ed­ before he is tall enough to wade, then ucation. Special information may be forsake him, saying, "It is dryer on the had by addressing Lewis \V. Rosi,;, Chan­ shore-we'd advise you to get there." cellor, Iowa City, Iowa. -Lady believers in Woman Suffrage -At last the Freshman class has in­ have resolved to remove the last objec­ creased to such proportions, and become tion to their voting. They have sub­ such a promising infant, that the "Sophs" jected themselves to military duty. A have thought it not wasting a name to Broom Brigade has been formed (with bestow it on the Freshman. That's dish-cloth ammunition we are informed), right, Sophi.;.; we place a tender plant and women will go forth conquering and in your care; nourish it well, that it may to conquer; for her strength is the be able to blossom out with some elegant strength of ten men, because the stroke programmes in June, 1885. of hei· broom iR sure. -How harsh to my ears is the racket of -We don't want to he inquisitive, Seniors, When slumber my eye-lids have firmly but we would like to ask the Juniors of kissed down; the Kirkwood Hermitage why Mr. But of all the wild uproar that's cursed by Ladely was oblig,,d to clo the sweeping the sleeper, in the halls himself. Condemned in the darkness by the Proc­ --The Sophomore girls, recognizing tor's mad frown, the demands of the year with a Hnfficient Is that low, rumbling rattle like the coming of battle- accumulation of Sio, waited at the back That mad rushing twelve-pounder that entrance for the boyR, who a~pearrd m rolled down the hall. 50 LOC~·IL.

-Sophomore lady is surprised to find grant a new leai -The military company, proud, or­ general course, afte>r preparing for ex­ derly and dashing, aided by an excellent aminations and reviews on the ·' Inade­ band, promises fair to revive the mili­ quacy of the ultimate analp;is of allnvial tary spirit from its lethargic sleep of '83. soils and description of the snpraorbital -All praise is due Capt. Lincoln for aspect of the occipito-frontal region of the unwavering prosecution of a work to the corniervati ve faculty," were unpre­ its accomplishment in the face of the pared to expatiate on the blai-ted crus­ unjust criticism that had taken him to tacean of the tri-assic age. task ere he had fairly begun. -Is there to be a lady'fi course insti­ -Philos have had a law suit. tuted? or is the school to be attended State of Iowa vs. W. H. Wier. only by gentlemen? Looking over Trrn We thought that the long-continne1 AURORA of'75 it showed whole number of defiance to law and authority would gentlemen 140; whole number ladies 71. arouse the Philos' sense of justice A striking contrast to the present condi­ against tln:s their spoiled protege the tion of affairs. Let the move> for a next time he dealt out the "mother of Ladies' Course, with Domestic Economy evil" to fallen man. The case was quite as the central idea, l>e encouraged. exciting, and brought forth a great deal -During the temporary absence of of embryonic legal ability; and before a Prof. Stalker the V cterinary class was jury of his fellow cioiUzeclPhilos he was conducted by Mr. Morrison. His des­ found guilty of selling "sticky" water cription of inter-ossemi ligaments, inter­ to the once proud but now fallen Jack­ spersed with a lively account of the son. charms and beauties of his conntrywo­ He was condemned to pay for ten man, the ,Jersey Lily, made his lecture pounds of peanuts, to be eaten by the interesting, amusing and instructive. voracious Philos. Freddy Gebhart, beware! Your laurels Later.-We understand that the crim­ are unsafe. inal ha:- decided not tu pay his fine, and -Prof. Wynn preached an exceeding­ will stay it out in jail! ly interesting sermon on the lately dis­ Still later.-The prisoner has relented covered books of the apostles, setting in his determination to look through the forth the true polity of the primitive iron bars, and has come down with the Christian Church. Like all of the pro­ peanuts. fessor's sermons, it was a fair but firm -Bachelors May 3d conducted a Moot discussion of the leading religious dis­ Senate. cussion of the day: Whether we shall That conservative body so well per- LOCAL. 51

8onified by the Bachelors showed their and enthusiasm, will ere long be consid­ legislative ability on that new and !',tart- ered eRsential factorR in our college. ling issue Ro lately sprung upon the -We are requested to correct a refer­ puhlic, Free Trade. Senators from ence to one of the students regarding "Way Back," "Ul) the Countrv," "Dixie," l · J t rn authorslup of an article published in "'l'he Slope," '.'Utah," and all the rest of tie1 " L ead er, " concerning ex-Pre.Welch. the States Rat upon oppmiite ends of the 'l'he student in question denies the auth­ tariff teeter-board until this Sphinx of orship, yet claims to know the true auth­ American politics was settled now and or. \Vhile we willingly accept his denial, forever and that American labor and in- we think he is not justified in withholding dustry were to be protected. the author's name from the students that -Three new societies have been or- the author might be held up in the light ganized by the members of the three of scorn by every student for his malig­ special courses, viz: Veterinary, Agri- nant attack on ex-Pres. Welch. culture and Engineering. Their objects -SCENE A.T AMES: are the discussion and co-operative in­ -Girl on contest, second place, vestigation of subjects directly relating Senior sees her-'"pretty face," to their particular course. They all hold Row in convention-Senior there, their meetings once in two weeks on Fri­ Spends his time admiring short hair. ,day evening. Sec:eding delegates start for Des Moines; 'l'he Veterinary society consists of ten Dissenting troop-lady won't join. Manager in carriage conveys her to town, earneBt workers, with 01-1borne as Mr. Smitten Senior must hoof it down; president. His journey to Capital in fancy sees The Agricultural society consiRts of The Lady's company him will please twenty-nine good men to add new im­ Buys his ticket-awaits the train- petus and system to the pursuit of their Looks for Lady-lOoks in vain. course. Maurice Vincent chairman. Lady gets telegram, "Need not come," Dyer's credentialed-" May now go home." The Engineering Society is made up Senior on train-there alone, of the members from the Mechanical Where's the lady? must have flown. and Engineering courses, who have here­ He searched for her near and far, tofore been earnestly working, hut with 'l'hrough passenger, baggage and smoking- no formal co-operation, the want of car; He goes to Des Moines to win his game; which this society will fill, and bring Lady goes home-has "killed her game;'' them into closer sympathy with each Senior returns with fearful pace, other in their work, and aid their profes­ Much wiser for his wild-goose chase. son, in making this the most firmly estab­ - College Organ. lished engineering school in the west. -The young gentlemen(??) who took 'l'he formation of these several societies is occasion after chapel services, May 5th, a laudable project, and we commend the to show disrespect to the President and Faculty in furnishing them with rooms lack of dignity in themselves, may have and setting apart a suitable time for their the satisfaction of knowing that their meetings. We assume and expect that course was not sustained by the law­ these societies, if conducted with energy abiding students. And we owe it to our ------President aR law-abiding stuclents to I 'R:1. \Y. D. and Deacon each paid the censme all snch acts of disreRpect. I College a Rhort visit. The former is -}IaRnrn1>-At Albion, Iowa, March teaching in the viciriity of Des J\Ioines; 27th, "\Vill A. Scott to ::Hiss Carrie Pierce. the latter is------Thc groom is our oltl friend\\~. A. Scott, '8:L Lottie Estes is visiting frienrts in once a member of Clas,1 'N2. He iR at Ame,;. Her ill-health i:c: y,2t considered prc~ent editor of the "Pukwana Prel'!s," Rerio:1s, hnt lwr many friends a~e Rti11 Dakota T'y, wher0 he has repaired with hopeful. his bride, were onr well wishes pursue '77. ,J. "\V. Doxsec, besides being part- him Rtill. ner in the msst extensive law hm,iness in Monticello, iH seeking fame in the "sanc­ ALUMNI. tnm" in the firm Herrick & Doxsce, editorR and proprietol's of the "Monti­ 's:i. Aggie \Vest is teaching m the cello Express." His letters to the paper Amt's Rchool. during his late southern tour were lively and entertaining. '83. A. G. AnclrcwR camp, left his sha,low and