Gold standard for the global goals Monitoring report

June 2017, version 1

Page 1 of 25 Title of the project WWF Gold Standard Biogas Voluntary Emission Reduction (GS VER) Project

Gold Standard project id GS 504

Version number of the monitoring report 03

Completion date of the monitoring report 11/03/2020

Date of project design certification 01/06/2009

Start date of crediting period 01/07/2014 (CP 2)

Duration of this monitoring period (01/07/2014) to (30/06/2019)

Duration of previous monitoring period This is first periodic verification after renewal of crediting period. Project representative(s) Biogas Sector Partnership (BSP)-Nepal Government of Nepal, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology (MoEST), Alternative Energy Promotion Centre

Host Country Nepal

Certification pathway (activity certification/impact certification) Impact statements and products SDG 1: No Poverty SDG Contributions targeted (as per SDG3: Good health and well-being approved PDD) SDG 4: Quality education SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy ADG 8: Decent work and economic growth SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production SDG: 13: Climate action Gold Standard statement/product certification sought (GSVER/ADALYs/RECs GS VER etc.)

Selected methodology(ies) Technologies and Practices to Displace Decentralized Thermal Energy Consumption Version 2.0 Estimated amount of annual average certified SDG impact (as per approved PDD) 91,309 tCO2e

Total amount of certified SDG impact (as per approved methodology) achieved in this 435,983 tCO2e monitoring period

Page 2 of 25 SECTION A. Description of project

A.1. Purpose and general description of project This is a second crediting period of the project. WWF Nepal successfully completed first crediting period with support from BSP Nepal. Under the project activity, the world wildlife fund Nepal (WWF) (now BSP- Nepal) sold carbon credits generated from 7,500 biogas digesters plants in Nepal and use renewable biogas energy to replace the heavy consumption of fuel wood in this area for cooking. Another objective of this project is to enable verified emission reductions (VERs) from the project to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by displacing conventionally used fuel sources, such as fuel wood and kerosene, for cooking. Credits from generated emission reductions are owned by BSP-Nepal.

The biogas implemented in this project are the fixed dome design, called GGC 2047 model, which was designed and developed in Nepal, is the most popular. This model is considered to be reliable, well functioning, simple, durable and with low maintenance cost. The start date of the project activity is 1st January 2007, which is the date of the first biogas installed in the project activity. The biogas under this project activity are installed between 1st January 2007 to 27 June 2011. The project activity is in operation.

Initially WWF Nepal Program, the project proponent, was involved in providing a partial grant to households adopting biogas plants (technology/measure) within the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) project area and credit to purchase systems through micro-finance institutions (MFIs). WWF Nepal Program was also engage in awareness raising and capacity building of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) promoting household biogas promotion activities, manage the database, check the quality of the installed plants, ensure after sales services through pre-qualified companies and manage the guarantee fund.

The baseline scenario is use of non-renewable biomass for cooking instead of biogas from the project bio digester and anaerobic decay of the animal waste due to households not having a distinctive animal waste management system.

The project is transited to GS4GG. The annual estimated emission reductions over the crediting period are 91,309 tCO2e.

A.2. Location of project The location of the project is Nepal. The total 7,500-biogas plants are installed in 40 Village Development committees of 10 districts.

A detail of the geographic location is shown in below map.

Page 3 of 25 The distribution of the biogas digesters in 10 districts are given below:

Table 1: Distribution of digesters (clusterwise) SN District VDC/Cluster Number of Total Number of installations installations 1 Banke Mahadevpuri 131 131 Bagnaha 112 Dhodhari 104 Motipur 163 2 Bardiya Neulapur 116 641 Shivpur 27 Surya Patuwa 91 Thakur Dwara 28 3 Chitwan Bachhauli 187 292 Padampur 105 Chaulahi 273 Lalmatiya 401 4 Dang 1562 Sisahaniya 635 Sonpur 253 128 80 N.P. 484 Geta 262 257 44 5 Kailali 32 2177 216 Phalampur 218 147 Ramsikhar Jhala 147 Ratanpur 58 Udasinpur 121 Besi Bichawa 59 6 Kanchanpur 1355 Daijee 267

Page 4 of 25 Jhalari 230 Krishnapur 226 Pipaladi 101 Raikar Bichawa 190 Shankarpur 80 Suda 232 Padampokhari 593 7 Makwanpur 1299 Handikhola 706 8 Palpa Dobhan 11 11 9 Parsa Nirmalbasti 30 10 Rautahat Ramauli 2 2 Grand Total 7500 7500

A.3. Reference of applied methodology

Technologies and Practices to Displace Decentralized Thermal Energy Consumption Version 2.0

A.4. Crediting period of project

This is a second crediting period and starting from 01 July 2014 for 7 years.

SECTION B. Implementation of project

B.1. Description of implemented project During first crediting period of the project, WWF Nepal program (Former PP), was involved in partial grant to local households adopting Biogas plants within the Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) regions and credit to purchase biogas plant systems through Micro-Finance institutions. Similarly WWF Nepal Program was involved in awareness raising and capacity building of Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) promoting this systems. From this second crediting period WWF Nepal has transferred the project to BSP- Nepal. Now BSP-N is managing the project under its national biogas promotion activities, manage the database, check the quality of the installed plants, ensure after sales (in this case ongoing systems repairment) services through pre-qualified companies and manage the guarantee the fund.

The biogas plants implemented under this project activity are the biogas for the thermal energy needs of households. The use of biogas digester plants will displace fossil fuel and/or non-renewable biomass (firewood). The fixed dome design, called GGC 2047 model, which was designed and developed in Nepal, is implemented in this project. This model is considered to be reliable, well-functioning, simple, durable and with low maintenance cost. The biogas plants are based on a uniform technical design and are manufactured and installed following established technical standards in Nepal. The households feed cattle dung mixed with water into the biogas plant, which through anaerobic digestion produces biogas.

The biogas digester is made up of several interconnected facilities, systems and equipment. The specific role of each is summarized below:

Inlet – The main purpose of the inlet is to mix organic material and water into a semi solid state. This mixture is fed into the digester via an inlet pipe. A hand operated mixer in the inlet helps mix the organic material and water thoroughly.

Digester – The digester holds the mixture of manure and water while microorganism activity produces biogas. It is cylindrical in shape and is made of brick masonry with a concave concrete cover, or the dome.

Page 5 of 25 Dome - The purpose of the dome is to collect the gas produced in the digester. This is plastered in several layers and painted with a special paint in order to minimize gas leakage. Gas accumulates under the dome creating pressure and pushing down the level of the slurry and increasing the slurry level in the connected slurry tank. It is the difference in slurry levels between the slurry tank and the inside of the dome that maintains the pressure to push the gas into the outlet pipe and into the kitchen.

Outlet - The outlet valve releases the collected gas under the dome to burners for cooking and gas lamps for lighting purposes. Gas is conveyed to the kitchen in galvanized iron (GI) pipes.

Water Drain – The water drain is put in at the lowest point of the GI pipe conveying gas to the kitchen. Its purpose is to release any condensed water from the pipeline. It needs to be opened and cleaned out periodically to make sure all the water in it is released.

Slurry Tank: The slurry tank holds the slurry that the gas pressure from under the dome displaces. This slurry overflows into a composting tank as more manure is fed into the digester. The slurry can either be used directly as a fertilizer in its liquid form or can be turned into a more solid fertilizer after it has been composted with other organic material.

The schematic diagram of the biogas plant is given below:

Under the project activity now BSP is selling carbon credits generated from these Biogas digesters plants in Nepal (project boundary), and use renewable biogas energy to replace the heavy consumption of fuel wood in this area for cooking. Similarly, it enables verified emission reductions (VERs) from the project to

Page 6 of 25 reduce Green house gas emissions by displacing conventionally used fuel sources. Credits generated from these systems are owned by BSP-Nepal.

The total estimated emission reductions claimed for this verification are 435,983 tCO2e.

The year-wise (strata) installation of the biogas digesters are given below:

Table 2: Installation of Biogas plants under the project activity (year-wise) Batch Number (Strata) Project date Number of plants From To 1 01.01.2007 31.12.2007 1676 2 01.01.2008 31.12.2008 1089 3 01.01.2009 31.12.2009 1448 4 01.01.2010 31.12.2010 1777 5 01.01.2011 30.06.2011 1510 Total 7500

B.2. Post-registration changes

B.2.1. Temporary deviations from Certified Key Project Information, Project Design Document, Monitoring & Reporting Plan, applied methodology or applied standardized baseline N/A

B.2.2. Corrections N/A

B.2.3. Changes to start date of crediting period N/A

B.2.4. Permanent changes from registered monitoring plan, applied methodology or applied standardized baseline

B.2.5. N/A Changes to project design of approved project N/A

SECTION C. Description of monitoring system applied by the project During first crediting period of the project, WWF Nepal program (Former PP) was involved in partial grant to local households adopting Biogas plants within the Terai Arc Landscape regions and credit to purchase biogas plant systems through Micro-Finance institutions. Similarly WWF Nepal Program was involved in awareness raising and capacity building of Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs) promoting this systems. From this second crediting period, WWF Nepal has transferred the project to BSP-Nepal. Now BSP-N is is responsible for managing the project under its national biogas promotion activities, manage the database, check the quality of the installed plants, ensure after sales services through companies.

BSP-Nepal is also responsible for monitoring of SDG impacts stipulated in project design documents and the transition documents for GS4GG. The monitoring is done through user survey following the stratified sampling based on the age of the biogas digesters (installed in a calendar year is taken as one strata). Survey follows the sampling approach as per registered monitoring plan, which ensures 95/10 confidence precision to determine sample size. The monitoring systems applied in the projects involved major three stakeholders:

Page 7 of 25 Alternative Energy Promotion Centre x Policy preparation and implementation on Biogas promotion x Installation companies pre- qualification. x QA/QC and trainings

Biogas Companies Biogas Sector Partnership-Nepal x Installation of Biogas x Maintain database of all installed x After sales service. biogas plants x Support AEPC in quality assurance, quality control. Training and capacity building of biogas companies x Monitoring and MR preparation and reporting to GS VVB and GS

The results of each monitoring parameters are discussed in section D.2 below.

SECTION D. Data and parameters

D.1. Data and parameters fixed ex ante or at renewal of crediting period Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/parameter: EFb,fuel,CO2 Unit tCO2/TJ Description CO2 emission factor arising from use of fuels in baseline scenario Source of data 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 2: Stationary Combustion, Table 2.5 Value(s) applied) 112 Choice of data As specified by the methodology or measurement methods and procedures Purpose of data Baseline emission calculations Additional comments

Page 8 of 25 Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter EFp,fuel,CO2

Data unit tCO2/TJ

Description CO2 emission factor arising from use of fuels in project scenario 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 2: Source of data Stationary Combustion, Table 2.5 Value(s) applied 112 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter EFb,fuel,nonCO2

Data unit tCO2/t_fuel

Description CO2 emission factor arising from use of fuels in baseline scenario 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 2: Source of data Stationary Combustion, Table 2.9 Value(s) applied 0.455 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Baseline emission calculations Remove NCV term from emission calculations as the emission factor is in Additional comment terms of tCO2/t_fuel.

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter EFb,fuel,nonCO2

Data unit tCO2/t_fuel

Description CO2 emission factor arising from use of fuels in baseline scenario 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 2: Source of data Stationary Combustion, Table 2.9 Value(s) applied 0.455 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Baseline emission calculations Remove NCV term from emission calculations as the emission factor is in Additional comment terms of tCO2/t_fuel.

Page 9 of 25 Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter NCVb,fuel Data unit TJ/ton Description Net calorific value of the fuels used in the baseline 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 1: Source of data Introduction, Table 1.2 Value(s) applied 0.0156 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Baseline emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter NCVp,fuel Data unit TJ/ton Description Net calorific value of the fuels used in the project 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 1: Source of data Introduction, Table 1.2 Value(s) applied 0.0156 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter fNRB Data unit Fraction Description Non-renewability status of woody biomass fuel in scenario i during year y Letter from the government of Nepal (Ministry of Environment, Science and Source of data Technology), https://cdm.unfccc.int/DNA/fNRB/index.html Value(s) applied 0.86 Choice of data or measurement methods and Most recent published data procedures Purpose of data Baseline emission calculations Additional comment methodology allows for fixing this for a given crediting period

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter Pb,y

Page 10 of 25 Data unit kg/HH/day Description Quantity of fuel that is consumed in baseline scenario b during year y Source of data BFT 2015 Value(s) applied 18.9205 Choice of data or measurement methods and BFT conducted in 2015 is the most recent data available procedures Purpose of data For baseline emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter GWPCH4

Data unit tCO2e per tCH4 Description Global Warming Potential (GWP) of methane Source of data Page 55 of TDDTEC, version 2.0 Value(s) applied 25 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Baseline and project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter Ʉbiogastove Data unit % Description Combustion efficiency of the biogas stove A Study Report on Efficiency Measurement of Biogas, Kerosene and LPG Stoves, Source of data Submitted to: Biogas Support Program, Lalitpur, Nepal Submitted by: Center for Energy Studies, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pulchowk, Lalitpur Value(s) applied 99.4%1 Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

1https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader.html?id=55b7b2fc6307d943e98b4615&assetKey=AS%3A273821083340822%40144 2295441788

Page 11 of 25 Data/Parameter EFawms,T

Data unit kgCH4/head/year Methane emission factor per animal per year for livestock type T by average Description temperature 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 10: Source of data Emissions from Livestock and Manure Management, Volume 4, Table 10.14 5 for Cow Value(s) applied 5 for Buffalo Choice of data or measurement methods and As specified by the methodology procedures Purpose of data Baseline and Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter PLy Data unit % Description Physical leakage of the bio-digester Source of data Page 54, TPDDTEC, version 2.0 Value(s) applied 10 Choice of data or measurement methods As specified by the methodology and procedures Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

D.2. Data and parameters monitored Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter Pp,y Data unit kg/household/day Description Quantity of fuel that is consumed in project scenario p during year y Source of data Project Field tests to determine fuel-wood usage for cooking in the project households (This is captured in the user survey reports: (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19)) Value(s) applied Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Pp,y 1.56 1.46 1.47 1.44 1.53 Measurement methods and Kitchen performance tests was performed during the user survey for each procedures year for 3 days in sampled household. Sample was selected randomly (stratified) based on age of the project devices. Monitoring frequency At-least once every two years QA/QC procedures The data collected was statistically checked for acceptance as per applicable reliability/precision levels.

Page 12 of 25 Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter Up,y Data unit % Description Usage rate in project scenario p during year y Source of data Usage survey records (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) Value(s) applied Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

Up,y 96 95 94 95 95 Measurement methods and The usage rate of project biogas plants was determined through sampling procedures surveys. The sample was selected randomly (stratified) based on age of the project devices. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures The data collected were statistically checked for acceptance as per applicable reliability / precision levels. Purpose of data Project emission calculations Additional comment

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 13: Climate Action Data/Parameter N Data unit number Description Cumulative number of units of biogas plants installed Source of data Installation database Value(s) applied 7500 Measurement methods and As this is the second crediting period, 7500 biogas digesters are continue to procedures be monitored for second crediting period. Monitoring frequency Continuous QA/QC procedures Transparent Data collection and reporting Purpose of data Baseline and project emission calculations Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter LEp,y

Data unit tCO2e Description Leakage in project scenario p during year y Source of data Monitoring surveys (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19)

Page 13 of 25 Value(s) applied Factor of 0.05 is applied and leakage are calculated as follows:

Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

LEp,y 4465.72 4456.71 4395.23 4449.63 4426.72

Measurement methods and Ex-post monitoring surveys or data available under public domain can be procedures used to determine leakage. For this monitoring period, factor of 0.05 is taken to account the leakage of biogas as per the methodology AMS I.E given by UNFCCC, ex-post survey is not required for this. Monitoring frequency Every two years QA/QC procedures Transparent data analysis and reporting Purpose of data Calculation of leakage emissions Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter MS(T,S,k) Data unit % Description Fraction of livestock category T's manure fed into the bio-digester, in climate region k Source of data Usage Survey records (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) Value(s) applied Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19

MS(T,S,K) 81 82.2 82 82 80 Measurement methods and The amount of livestock manure fed into bio-digester is monitored during procedures the usage surveys on a sampling basis. The biogas plant users were asked to provide an estimate of the % of manure they feed into the biogas plant. The sample was selected randomly (stratified) based on age of the project devices. Since the project is located in the same ecological belt (Terai regions) and the other parameters for the livestock categories (Basically cows/ox and buffalo) are same, so single value for the % of manure fed is monitored. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures The data collected was statistically checked for acceptance as per applicable reliability / precision levels. Purpose of data Baseline and project emission calculations Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 13: Climate Action

Data/Parameter N(T),h Data unit number Description Number of animal of livestock category T in premise h

Page 14 of 25 Source of data Usage Survey Records (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) Value(s) applied Parameter Monitoring year N(T),h 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Cow/Oxen 2.12 2.28 2.29 2.44 2.38 Buffalos 1.74 1.78 1.87 1.98 1.93 Measurement methods and The number of animals (Cows / buffaloes) were determined during usage procedures survey through survey questionnaire on a sampling basis. The sample was selected randomly (stratified) based on age of the project devices. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures The data collected were statistically checked for acceptance as per applicable reliability / precision levels. Purpose of data The data collected were statistically checked for acceptance as per applicable reliability/precision levels. Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 1: No Poverty Data/Parameter SD1 Data unit Fraction Description Time and savings post project intervention Source of data Monitoring survey (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19)

Page 15 of 25 Value(s) applied 1. % of household confirming time savings (in-case of firewood collection in baseline) after project intervention Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Men 92 84 89 91 87 Women 100 100 100 100 100 Children 47 61 67 72 66

2. % Project households confirming money savings (in case of firewood collection in baseline) after project intervention Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 % response 100 100 97 99 100

3. Activities taken-up by the users by the saved time and money Activities Monitoring year (% of household responded) 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Working in the farmland 94 86 80 85 89 Helping children with their studies 62 67 62 66 54 Cleaning house periphery 59 52 57 60 66 Income generating activities 94 97 91 85 79 Recreational activities 31 24 38 46 38 Social activities 26 20 34 37 29 Measurement methods and 1. During the survey, household were asked whether time is saved after procedures the project activities for firewood collection. The response was taken particularly for all age group, men, women and children. 2. Households were asked whether the money is saved due to the project activities for firewood collection and responses are synthesized in user survey report. 3. Households were asked the follow-up question during the survey with multiple choices of the activities that they undertake due to time savings and money. They have basically responded 6 activities that they are involved due to the time savings and money after project activities. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures Transparent data analysis and reporting Purpose of data SDG 1 contribution Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being Data/Parameter SD2 Data unit Fraction Description Improvement in air quality after project intervention

Page 16 of 25 Source of data Monitoring survey (User Survey, 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17, 2017/18, 2018/19) Value(s) applied 1. % of household confirming visible reduction in smoke (indoor air pollution) while cooking with biogas Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Drastically reduced 90 82 86 79 83 Reduced 10 15 14 21 17 Not reduced 0 0 0 0 0 Do not know 0 3 0 0 0

2. % of households households confirming visible reduction in soot deposition on utensils/walls while cooking with biogas Parameter Monitoring year 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 Yes 100 100 100 96 100 No 0 0 0 0 0 Do not know 0 0 0 4 0 Measurement methods and The survey captured the % of the project households confirming the procedures improvement in air quality compared to cooking on traditional stoves by asking them whether the smoke/indoor air pollution is reduced after cooking with biogas and the soot deposition reduction on utensils and walls through sampled households and summarized them statistically. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures Transparent data analysis and reporting Purpose of data SDG 3 contribution Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 4: Quality education Data/Parameter SD3 Data unit Number Description Number of technician/people trained Source of data Training records/awareness campaign records Value(s) applied 23 Measurement methods and Training to mason is required when installation of the biogas has to be procedures done. Since this is the second crediting period and all the biogas were installed in first crediting period, additional mason training in this crediting period is not required and applicable. However, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC), being a government institution for the promotion of biogas technology (also PP for this project) provides the training to mason as an/when required to ensure the availability of the man- power in the market. However, BSP-Nepal in coordination with Lumanti trained 23 masons in FY 2018/19 to install the biogas. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures Transparent data analysis and reporting Purpose of data SDG 4 contribution

Page 17 of 25 Additional comment -

Relevant SDG Indicator SDG 8: Decent work and economic growth Data/Parameter Number of jobs created Data unit Number Description Number of employees getting employment because of the project Source of data Employee records Value(s) applied -Number of employee in BSP-Nepal:15 (Permanent: 5, Contract: 10) -Skilled Employee:8, Unskilled Employee: 2 -Wages are above par of the government wage - Similar wages provided for men and women for same type of work (no discrimination) Measurement methods and Due to the project activity, the job has been created in multiple procedures organizations (Biogas companies, BSP-Nepal etc.). Also, enumerators are involved paret-time for the user survey. However, the employee working in the BSP-Nepal is provided. There is no disparity of the pay for the men and women as the labour act of Nepal mandated to provide the minimum wages that Government of Nepal has fixed and equal payment to men and women. Monitoring frequency Annual QA/QC procedures Transparent data analysis and reporting Purpose of data SDG 8 contribution Additional comment -

D.3. Implementation of sampling plan The following parameters are determined through sampling approach: Type of parameter Description

Mean based 1. Pp,y = Quantity of fuel that is consumed in project scenario p during year y parameters 2. N(T),h = Number of animal of livestock category (cow or buffalo) in premise h Proportion based 1. Up,y = Usage rate of project plant in project scenario p during year y parameters 2. MS(T,S,k) = Fraction of livestock category T's manure fed into the bio-digester, in climate region k

The sample size for each of these parameters is determined using stratified sampling approach stratified based on age. All units installed in a given calendar years are deemed as having same age irrespective of completion date of their installation for sampling purposes. The units in the population will be categorised based on age and sample size shall be determined based on expected parameter value in each age category using stratified random sampling approach as per the Guideline: Sampling and surveys for CDM project activities and programmes of activities and “Standard for sampling and surveys for CDM project activities”.

The sampling was performed within the level of precision of 10% and a confidence level of 95%. The sample size was determined using following formula:

Where: z = value for the standard normal distribution value, with an infinite number of readings, and for the desired confidence level. For confidence level of 95%,

Page 18 of 25 z = 1.96

The age wise distribution of digesters is given below: Installation Number of Sample taken SN year Biogas 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 1 2007 1676 22 22 22 22 22 2 2008 1089 15 15 15 15 15 3 2009 1448 20 19 19 19 19 4 2010 1777 23 24 24 24 24 5 2011 1510 20 20 20 20 20 Total 7500 100 100 100 100 100

Considering the provision for the sample calculation for mean value parameters and the proportional parameter and minimum sample required for the Kitchen Performance Test (KPT), 100 samples were taken in each monitoring. Yearly monitoring was done to capture all the monitoring parameters stipulated in PDD and the transition documents as applicable.

The user survey were conducted by deploying the 8 enumerators to the field in each monitoring during the month of May (Between 1 May to 31st May) every year (i.e. for 2014/15 (May 2015), for 2015/16 (May 2016), 2016/17 (May 2017), for 2017/18 (May 2018), for 2018/19 (May 2019) to maintain the monitoring frequency. The collected information was recorded in a systematic database format. The data was presented and interpreted by using different statistical tools as appropriate. To minimize the risk of data discrepancies and for assurance of the quality of data collected, the enumerators were trained and the questionnaires were pre-tested prior to their introduction in the field under the supervision and guidance of the statistician. The data from questionnaires were transferred to that database format based on the codes provided for each response in questionnaires under the supervision of qualified statistician. So, the efforts were made to ensure the quality of data collected, data entry and data analysis for minimizing the data discrepancies.

SECTION E. Calculation of SDG outcomes

E.1. Calculation of baseline value or estimation of baseline situation of each SDG outcome

Baseline Value calculation/estimation for the SDG indicators:

A. SDG 13 : Baseline emission:

1. Baseline emission from Cooking

Baseline emission from Cooking is calculated using the equation given in the PDD:

Page 19 of 25 Applying the values given in baseline, the baseline emission is found as as 507,244 tCO2eq for this monitoring period. Detail calculation for each monitoring year is given in ER calculation sheet.

2. Baseline emission from waste handling

Baseline emission from waste handling is calculated using the equation given in the PDD:

B. Other SDG Baseline of the other SDGs were identified as “poor” due to the use of traditional solid biomass fuel based inefficient/traditional stoves which generates more smoke and leads to health problems pertaining to smoke. There was no employment needed to continue the use of conventional cooking system in the baseline situation. The conventional cooking system leads to generation of high smoke as well as harmful CO2 in the atmosphere. So, the baseline situation of other SDGs stipulated in PDD and in transition documents are “Poor”.

E.2. Calculation of project value or estimation of project situation of each SDG outcome

Project value calculation/estimation for the SDG indicators:

A. SDG 13 : Project Emission

1. Project Emission from Cooking

Project emission from cooking is calculated using the equation given in the PDD:

Applying the values given for the project situations, which are monitored, the project emission is found as 63,366 tCO2eq for this monitoring period. Detail calculation for each monitoring year is given in ER calculation sheet.

Page 20 of 25 2. Leakage calculation for cooking: Leakage is estimated using the factor of 0.95 as per the methodology AMS I.E for CDM which is provided as default value by UNFCCC. It was calculated using the factor 0.05 (leakage amount) to the net emission reduction (baseline emission-project emission) to account in the quantity of woody biomass replaced as per the methodology (AMS I.E.). The leakage was not monitored through the survey. So, total leakage found during the monitoring period is 22,194 tCO2eq.

3. Project emission from waste handling

Project emission from waste handling is calculated using the equation given in the PDD:

Applying the values given for the project situation which are monitored, the project emission is found as 1,589 tCO2eq for this monitoring period. Detail calculation for each monitoring year is given in ER calculation sheet.

B. Other SDG Project situation for other SDGs were identified as “Improved” through the monitoring of those parameters stipulated in PDD and transition documents due to the use of Biogas stoves which reduces smoke compared to baseline technology and leads to improvement of the health pertaining to smoke. Employment was generated to transfer the new technology i.e. biogas to replace the baseline situation. The new cooking system reduces the generation of smoke as well as harmful CO2 in the atmosphere. So, the project situation of other SDGs stipulated in PDD and in transition documents are “Improved” compared to the baseline situation.

E.3. Calculation of net benefits as difference of baseline and project values or direct calculation for each SDG outcome Net benefit calculation/estimation for the SDG indicators:

A. SDG 13 : Emission reduction:

The emission reduction for the monitoring period is calculated using the equation stipulated in the PDD as follows:

Applying the values given, the net emission reduction for the project during this monitoring period is calculated as 435,983 tCO2eq for this monitoring period. Detail calculation for each monitoring year is given in ER calculation sheet.

Page 21 of 25 Accordingly, the emission reduction calculation for each monitoring year is given in table below:

Monitoring BE PE LE BE PE ER year b,y p,y p,y awms,h awms,h,y y

2014/15 101,393 12081 4465.60 2931 293.12 87484.00

2015/16 101,671 12537 4456.71 3129 312.88 87493.00

2016/17 101,393 13489 4395.23 3198 319.80 86388.00

2017/18 101,393 12401 4449.63 3398 339.79 87601.00

2018/19 101,393 12859 4426.72 3233 323.25 87017.00

Total 507,244 63,366 22,194 15,888 1,589 435,983

B. Other SDG For other SDGs, the values were monitored as provisioned in the PDD. As mentioned in section E.1 and E.2 of this monitoring report, the project situation of all other SDGs were improved during the monitoring period compared with the baseline situation. So, the net benefit for other SDG compared to baseline is identified as “Improved situation”. The parameters monitored for all the SDGs are given in section D.2 of this monitoring report.

Page 22 of 25 E.4. Summary of ex-post values of each SDG outcome for the current monitoring period

Item Baseline estimate Project estimate Net benefit

87,149 tCO2eq (including SDG 13 523,132 tCO2eq 435,983 tCO2eq leakage) Time saving: Men: more than 84% Time saving: 0% of people said time people Men: more than 84% people saving and money Female: 100% people Female: 100% people SDG 1 saving for firewood and Children: more than 47% Children: more than 47% use of saved time Money saving: more than Money saving: more than 97% 97%

Visible reduction in smoke: Visible reduction in smoke: No improvement (0%) in More than 97% More than 97% SDG 3 reduction of smoke and Reduction in soot: more Reduction in soot: more than soot due to firewood than 96% 96% No people were trained 23 masons were trained for 23 masons were trained for the SDG 4 for clean energy in the construction of Biogas construction of Biogas baseline No access to clean 7500 households got clean 7500 households got clean SDG 7 energy (Biogas) for energy (Biogas) energy (Biogas) cooking No job Created using 15 job created due to the 15 job created due to the SDG 8 firewood project project Firewood consumption: Firewood consumption: Firewood saving due to SDG 12 maximum of 1.56 18.9205 kg/hh/day project: 17. 36kg/hh/day kg/hh/day

Vintage-wise break-down of ex-post emission reductions:

Period Ex-ante estimation (tCO2e) Net Emission reductions (tCO2e) 01/07/2014 -31/12/2014 (2014) 46,030 44,102 01/01/2015- 31/12/2015 (2015) 91,183 87,368 01/01/2016 -31/12/2016 (2016) 91,435 87,057 01/01/2017 -31/12/2017 (2017) 91,309 86,999 01/01/2018 -31/12/2018 (2018) 91,309 87,307 01/01/2019 -31/12/2019 (2019) 45,279 43,150 Total 456,545 435,983

E.5. Comparison of actual value of outcomes with estimates in approved PDD Values estimated in ex ante calculation of Actual values achieved during this Item approved PDD monitoring period

Page 23 of 25 SDG 13 456,545tCO2eq 435,983tCO2eq Time saving: Men: more than 84% people 0% of people said time saving and money Female: 100% people SDG 1 saving for firewood and use of saved time Children: more than 47% Money saving: more than 97%

No improvement (0%) in reduction of Visible reduction in smoke: More than 97% SDG 3 smoke and soot due to firewood Reduction in soot: more than 96% No people were trained for clean energy in 23 masons were trained for the SDG 4 baseline construction of Biogas No access to clean energy (Biogas) for SDG 7 7500 households got clean energy (Biogas) cooking

SDG 8 No job Created using firewood 15 job created due to the project

Firewood saving due to project: 17. SDG 12 Firewood consumption: 18.9205 kg/hh/day 36kg/hh/day

During this monitoring period, emission reduction achieved is 435,983 tCO2eq. This emission reduction is against the baseline of the project activities. So, it has direct contribution to the SDG 13. For other SDGs, the values were monitored with the parameters given in the approved PDD/project documents using the monitoring and sampling systems provisioned in the PDD. Actually, the contribution of the project activity to other SDGs mentioned above are quantified with the monitoring parameters as provision in the PDD. As the situation was poor while using baseline technologies, the situation were improved during the monitoring period compared with the baseline situation for all SDGs. So, the net benefit for other SDG compared to baseline is “Improved situation”. The parameters monitored for all the SDGs are given in section D.2 of this monitoring report.

E.6. Remarks on difference from estimated value in approved PDD The ex-ante estimation for all the SDGs are calculated/estimated based on the baseline situation and assumption of some parameters. The differences in ex-ante calculation and the net emission reduction found for this monitoring period is due to the differences in parameters that are monitored during the project period which are different than the values assumed during ex-ante calculation.

Page 24 of 25 SECTION F. Stakeholder inputs and legal disputes

F.1. List all inputs/grievances which have been received for the project during the monitoring period together with their respective answers/actions

No grievance received during the monitoring period

F.2. List all inputs/grievances from previous monitoring period where follow up action is to be verified in this monitoring period

This is a first verification after approval of renewable of crediting period. There were no any grievances in previous monitoring that needs the follow-up action during this monitoring period.

F.3. Provide details of any legal contest or dispute that has arisen with the project during the monitoring period

No such any legal contest or dispute has arisen with the project during the monitoring period.

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