Συνέντευξη Του Βλαντιμίρ Ιγκορέβιτς Άρνολντ (Vladimir Igorevich Arnold)
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Shaw' Preemia
Shaw’ preemia 2002. a rajas Hongkongi ajakirjandusmagnaat ja tuntud filantroop sir Run Run Shaw (s 1907) omanimelise fondi, et anda v¨alja iga-aastast preemiat – Shaw’ preemiat. Preemiaga autasustatakse ”isikut, s˜oltumata rassist, rahvusest ja religioossest taustast, kes on saavutanud olulise l¨abimurde akadeemilises ja teaduslikus uuri- mist¨o¨os v˜oi rakendustes ning kelle t¨o¨o tulemuseks on positiivne ja sugav¨ m˜oju inimkonnale.” Preemiat antakse v¨alja kolmel alal – astronoomias, loodusteadustes ja meditsiinis ning matemaatikas. Preemia suurus 2009. a oli uks¨ miljon USA dollarit. Preemiaga kaas- neb ka medal (vt joonist). Esimesed preemiad omistati 2004. a. Ajakirjanikud on ristinud Shaw’ preemia Ida Nobeli preemiaks (the Nobel of the East). Shaw’ preemiaid aastail 2009–2011 matemaatika alal m¨a¨arab komisjon, kuhu kuuluvad: esimees: Sir Michael Atiyah (Edinburghi Ulikool,¨ UK) liikmed: David Kazhdan (Jeruusalemma Heebrea Ulikool,¨ Iisrael) Peter C. Sarnak (Princetoni Ulikool,¨ USA) Yum-Tong Siu (Harvardi Ulikool,¨ USA) Margaret H. Wright (New Yorgi Ulikool,¨ USA) 2009. a Shaw’ preemia matemaatika alal kuulutati v¨alja 16. juunil Hongkongis ja see anti v˜ordses osas kahele matemaatikule: 293 Eesti Matemaatika Selts Aastaraamat 2009 Autori~oigusEMS, 2010 294 Shaw’ preemia Simon K. Donaldsonile ja Clifford H. Taubesile s¨arava panuse eest kolme- ja neljam˜o˜otmeliste muutkondade geomeetria arengusse. Premeerimistseremoonia toimus 7. oktoobril 2009. Sellel osales ka sir Run Run Shaw. Siin pildil on sir Run Run Shaw 100-aastane. Simon K. Donaldson sundis¨ 1957. a Cambridge’is (UK) ja on Londonis Imperial College’i Puhta Matemaatika Instituudi direktor ja professor. Bakalaureusekraadi sai ta 1979. a Pembroke’i Kolled- ˇzistCambridge’s ja doktorikraadi 1983. -
Alwyn C. Scott
the frontiers collection the frontiers collection Series Editors: A.C. Elitzur M.P. Silverman J. Tuszynski R. Vaas H.D. Zeh The books in this collection are devoted to challenging and open problems at the forefront of modern science, including related philosophical debates. In contrast to typical research monographs, however, they strive to present their topics in a manner accessible also to scientifically literate non-specialists wishing to gain insight into the deeper implications and fascinating questions involved. Taken as a whole, the series reflects the need for a fundamental and interdisciplinary approach to modern science. Furthermore, it is intended to encourage active scientists in all areas to ponder over important and perhaps controversial issues beyond their own speciality. Extending from quantum physics and relativity to entropy, consciousness and complex systems – the Frontiers Collection will inspire readers to push back the frontiers of their own knowledge. Other Recent Titles The Thermodynamic Machinery of Life By M. Kurzynski The Emerging Physics of Consciousness Edited by J. A. Tuszynski Weak Links Stabilizers of Complex Systems from Proteins to Social Networks By P. Csermely Quantum Mechanics at the Crossroads New Perspectives from History, Philosophy and Physics Edited by J. Evans, A.S. Thorndike Particle Metaphysics A Critical Account of Subatomic Reality By B. Falkenburg The Physical Basis of the Direction of Time By H.D. Zeh Asymmetry: The Foundation of Information By S.J. Muller Mindful Universe Quantum Mechanics and the Participating Observer By H. Stapp Decoherence and the Quantum-to-Classical Transition By M. Schlosshauer For a complete list of titles in The Frontiers Collection, see back of book Alwyn C. -
Notices of the AMS 595 Mathematics People NEWS
NEWS Mathematics People contrast electrical impedance Takeda Awarded 2017–2018 tomography, as well as model Centennial Fellowship reduction techniques for para- bolic and hyperbolic partial The AMS has awarded its Cen- differential equations.” tennial Fellowship for 2017– Borcea received her PhD 2018 to Shuichiro Takeda. from Stanford University and Takeda’s research focuses on has since spent time at the Cal- automorphic forms and rep- ifornia Institute of Technology, resentations of p-adic groups, Rice University, the Mathemati- especially from the point of Liliana Borcea cal Sciences Research Institute, view of the Langlands program. Stanford University, and the He will use the Centennial Fel- École Normale Supérieure, Paris. Currently Peter Field lowship to visit the National Collegiate Professor of Mathematics at Michigan, she is Shuichiro Takeda University of Singapore and deeply involved in service to the applied and computa- work with Wee Teck Gan dur- tional mathematics community, in particular on editorial ing the academic year 2017–2018. boards and as an elected member of the SIAM Council. Takeda obtained a bachelor's degree in mechanical The Sonia Kovalevsky Lectureship honors significant engineering from Tokyo University of Science, master's de- contributions by women to applied or computational grees in philosophy and mathematics from San Francisco mathematics. State University, and a PhD in 2006 from the University —From an AWM announcement of Pennsylvania. After postdoctoral positions at the Uni- versity of California at San Diego, Ben-Gurion University in Israel, and Purdue University, since 2011 he has been Pardon Receives Waterman assistant and now associate professor at the University of Missouri at Columbia. -
SCIENTIFIC REPORT for the YEAR 1999 ESI, Boltzmanngasse 9, A-1090 Wien, Austria
The Erwin Schr¨odinger International Boltzmanngasse 9 ESI Institute for Mathematical Physics A-1090 Wien, Austria Scientific Report for the Year 1999 Vienna, ESI-Report 1999 March 1, 2000 Supported by Federal Ministry of Science and Transport, Austria ESI–Report 1999 ERWIN SCHRODINGER¨ INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, SCIENTIFIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1999 ESI, Boltzmanngasse 9, A-1090 Wien, Austria March 1, 2000 Honorary President: Walter Thirring, Tel. +43-1-3172047-15. President: Jakob Yngvason: +43-1-31367-3406. [email protected] Director: Peter W. Michor: +43-1-3172047-16. [email protected] Director: Klaus Schmidt: +43-1-3172047-14. [email protected] Administration: Ulrike Fischer, Doris Garscha, Ursula Sagmeister. Computer group: Andreas Cap, Gerald Teschl, Hermann Schichl. International Scientific Advisory board: Jean-Pierre Bourguignon (IHES), Giovanni Gallavotti (Roma), Krzysztof Gawedzki (IHES), Vaughan F.R. Jones (Berkeley), Viktor Kac (MIT), Elliott Lieb (Princeton), Harald Grosse (Vienna), Harald Niederreiter (Vienna), ESI preprints are available via ‘anonymous ftp’ or ‘gopher’: FTP.ESI.AC.AT and via the URL: http://www.esi.ac.at. Table of contents Statement on Austria’s current political situation . 2 General remarks . 2 Winter School in Geometry and Physics . 2 ESI - Workshop Geometrical Aspects of Spectral Theory . 3 PROGRAMS IN 1999 . 4 Functional Analysis . 4 Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics . 7 Holonomy Groups in Differential Geometry . 9 Complex Analysis . 10 Applications of Integrability . 11 Continuation of programs from 1998 and earlier . 12 Guests via Director’s shares . 13 List of Preprints . 14 List of seminars and colloquia outside of conferences . 25 List of all visitors in the year 1999 . -
Gauge Field, Strings, Solitons, Anomalies and the Speed of Life
GAUGE FIELDS, STRINGS, SOLITONS, ANOMALIES, AND THE SPEED OF LIFE Antti J. Niemi1, 2, 3, ∗ 1 Laboratoire de Mathematiques et Physique Theorique CNRS UMR 6083, F´ed´eration Denis Poisson, Universit´ede Tours, Parc de Grandmont, F37200, Tours, France 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 803, S-75108, Uppsala, Sweden 3Department of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China Abstract It's been said that mathematics is biology's next microscope, only better; biology is mathematics' next physics, only better [1]. Here we aim for something even better. We try to combine mathe- matical physics and biology into a picoscope of life. For this we merge techniques which have been introduced and developed in modern mathematical physics, largely by Ludvig Faddeev to describe objects such as solitons and Higgs and to explain phenomena such as anomalies in gauge fields. We propose a synthesis that can help to resolve the protein folding problem, one of the most important conundrums in all of science. We apply the concept of gauge invariance to scrutinize the extrinsic geometry of strings in three dimensional space. We evoke general principles of symmetry in combi- nation with Wilsonian universality and derive an essentially unique Landau-Ginzburg energy that describes the dynamics of a generic string-like configuration in the far infrared. We observe that the energy supports topological solitons, that pertain to an anomaly in the manner how a string is framed around its inflection points. We explain how the solitons operate as modular building blocks from which folded proteins are composed. -
Quantum Field Theory and Differential Geometry
Quantum Field Theory and Differential Geometry W.F. Chen Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 2E9 Abstract We introduce the historical development and physical idea behind topological Yang-Mills the- ory and explain how a physical framework describing subatomic physics can be used as a tool to study differential geometry. Further, we emphasize that this phenomenon demonstrates that the interrelation between physics and mathematics have come into a new stage. 1 Introduction In the past 20th century the interrelation between mathematics and theoretical high energy physics had gone through an unprecedented revolution. The traditional viewpoint that math- ematics is a language tool of describing a physical law and a physical problem stimulates the development in mathematics has been changed considerably. Mathematics, especially one of its branches, differential geometry, has begun to merge together with the theoretical framework de- scribing subatomic physics. The effect of theoretical physics on the advancement in mathematics is no longer indirect and unilateral. It is well known that Einstein’s theory of general relativity had ever greatly promoted the study on Riemannian geometry. But now it is not the case any more, and it is rather than a physical principle is becoming a tool of studying mathematics. A remarkable phenomenon is during the past twenty years a number of Fields medalists’ works are relevant to theoretical physics. Especially, in 1990 a leading theoretical physicist, Professor Edward Witten at the Institute of Advanced Study in Princeton, was awarded the Fields Medal for his pioneering work using a relativistic quantum field theory to study differential topology of low-dimensional manifold. -
Gravitation and General Relativity at King's College London
Gravitation and General Relativity at King’s College London D C Robinson Mathematics Department King’s College London Strand, London WC2R 2LS United Kingdom [email protected] September 17, 2019 ABSTRACT: This essay concerns the study of gravitation and general relativity at King’s College London (KCL). It covers developments since the nineteenth century but its main focus is on the quarter of a century beginning in 1955. At King’s research in the twenty-five years from 1955 was dominated initially by the study of gravitational waves and then by the investigation of the classical and quantum aspects of black holes. While general relativity has been studied extensively by both physicists and mathematicians, most of the work at King’s described here was undertaken in the mathematics department. arXiv:1811.07303v3 [physics.hist-ph] 16 Sep 2019 1 1 Introduction This essay is an account of the study of gravitation and general relativity at King’s College London (KCL) and the contributions by mathematicians and physicists who were, at one time or another, associated with the college. It covers a period of about 150 years from the nineteenth century until the last quarter of the twentieth century. Beginning with a brief account of the foundation of the College in the 19th century and the establishment of the professorships of mathematics and natural science it concludes in the early 1980’s when both the College and the theoretical physics research undertaken there were changing. During the nineteenth century the College was small and often strug- gled. Nevertheless there were a number of people associated with it who, in different ways, made memorable contributions to the development of our understanding of gravity. -
April 2012 Contents
International Association of Mathematical Physics News Bulletin April 2012 Contents International Association of Mathematical Physics News Bulletin, April 2012 Contents Before the Congress 3 Stochastic integrability and the KPZ equation 5 Negligible numbers 10 On the prevalence of non-Gibbsian states in mathematical physics 15 News from the IAMP Executive Committee 25 Obituary Vladimir Savelievich Buslaev 28 Bulletin editor Valentin A. Zagrebnov Editorial board Evans Harrell, Masao Hirokawa, David Krejˇciˇr´ık, Jan Philip Solovej Contacts http://www.iamp.org and e-mail: [email protected] Cover photo: Josiah Willard Gibbs (February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903), professor of mathematical physics at Yale in 1871, founding father of Statistical Mechanics, made seminal theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics. In this issue see the Aernout van Enter article about a non-Gibbsian Statistical Mechanics. The views expressed in this IAMP News Bulletin are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the IAMP Executive Committee, Editor or Editorial board. Any complete or partial performance or reproduction made without the consent of the author or of his successors in title or assigns shall be unlawful. All reproduction rights are henceforth reserved, mention of the IAMP News Bulletin is obligatory in the reference. (Art.L.122-4 of the Code of Intellectual Property). 2 IAMP News Bulletin, April 2012 Editorial Before the Congress by Antti Kupiainen (IAMP President) A much awaited part of the International Congress of Math- ematical Physics has in recent years been the prize ceremony taking place during the opening day of the Congress. In that ceremony are awarded the IAMP prizes, which are the Henri Poincar´ePrize and the IAMP Early Career Award and also the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics prizes for young scientists. -
A Life in Mathematical Science Part I: Growing-Up, Student and Postdoc Years
A Life in Mathematical Science Part I: Growing-Up, Student and Postdoc Years Nicholas Stephen Manton FRS ∗ Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. March 2017 { September 2018 Abstract This memoir has been prepared in response to the Royal Society's request for Fellows to write an autobiography. There is more here of a personal nature than the Royal Society needs, but also a review of my scientific work and recollections about some of the scientists I have met and worked with. ∗email: [email protected] 1 1 Introduction It is interesting to look back on one's life and career, recall some key memories, and try to assess the significance of one's contribution to science. My life has not been very eventful from the public's perspective. I'm little known outside a modest circle of theoretical physicists and some mathematicians, and have not appeared as a scientist on TV. I have hardly ever been interviewed by journalists, except once for Finnish radio when Stephen Hawking was unavailable. But I have had an interesting time in science, and most of my social life revolves around interactions with academic colleagues and graduate students. For over 30 years, family life has been with my wife Anneli Aitta and our son Ben. I am currently 65 and expect to retire in about two years. I would hope to be involved with research beyond retirement, and to keep writing articles and maybe another book. But I have had some health problems recently, so felt that it was a good time to start on this memoir. -
Gravitation and General Relativity at King's College London
Eur. Phys. J. H 44, 181{270 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1140/epjh/e2019-100020-1 THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL H Gravitation and general relativity at King's College London D.C. Robinsona Mathematics Department, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK Received 13 April 2019 / Received in final form 1 July 2019 Published online 2 September 2019 c The Author(s) 2019. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract. This essay concerns the study of gravitation and general relativity at King's College London (KCL). It covers developments since the nineteenth century but its main focus is on the quarter of a century beginning in 1955. At King's research in the twenty-five years from 1955 was dominated initially by the study of gravitational waves and then by the investigation of the classical and quantum aspects of black holes. While general relativity has been studied extensively by both physicists and mathematicians, most of the work at King's described here was undertaken in the mathematics department. 1 Introduction This essay is an account of the study of gravitation and general relativity at King's College London (KCL) and the contributions by mathematicians and physicists who were, at one time or another, associated with the college. It covers a period of about 150 years from the nineteenth century until the last quarter of the twentieth century. Beginning with a brief account of the foundation of the College in the 19th century and the establishment of the professorships of mathematics and natural science it concludes in the early 1980's when both the College and the theoretical physics research undertaken there were changing. -
Lectures on Quantum Mechanics Leon A. Takhtajan
Lectures on Quantum Mechanics Leon A. Takhtajan Department of Mathematics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3651, USA E-mail address: [email protected] Contents Chapter 1. Classical Mechanics . 1 1. Lagrangian Mechanics . 2 1.1. Generalized coordinates . 2 1.2. The principle of the least action . 2 1.3. Examples of Lagrangian systems . 6 1.4. Symmetries and Noether theorem . 11 1.5. One-dimensional motion . 15 1.6. The motion in a central field and the Kepler problem . 17 1.7. Legendre transformation . 20 2. Hamiltonian Mechanics . 24 2.1. Hamilton’s equations . 24 2.2. The action functional in the phase space . 26 2.3. The action as a function of coordinates . 28 2.4. Classical observables and Poisson bracket . 30 2.5. Canonical transformations and generating functions . 32 2.6. Symplectic manifolds . 34 2.7. Poisson manifolds . 41 2.8. Hamilton’s and Liouville’s representations . 45 3. Notes and references . 48 Chapter 2. Foundations of Quantum Mechanics . 49 1. Observables and States . 51 1.1. Physical principles . 51 1.2. Basic axioms . 51 1.3. Heisenberg’s uncertainty relations . 58 1.4. Dynamics . 59 2. Quantization . 61 2.1. Heisenberg’s commutation relations . 62 2.2. Coordinate and momentum representations . 66 2.3. Free quantum particle . 71 2.4. Examples of quantum systems . 76 2.5. Harmonic oscillator . 78 2.6. Holomorphic representation and Wick symbols . 85 3. Weyl relations . 92 3.1. Stone-von Neumann theorem . 92 3.2. Invariant formulation . 98 iii iv CONTENTS 3.3. Weyl quantization . 101 3.4. -
Interview with Professor L.D. Faddeev Conducted by M
Interview Interview with Professor L.D. Faddeev conducted by M. Semenov-Tian-Shansky (St. Petersburg, Russia) Introduction Professor Ludwig Faddeev is widely known for his con- The Henri Poincaré prize tributions to mathematics and theoretical physics, which have reshaped modern mathematical physics. His work The interview with Ludwig Faddeev mentions the many on quantum fi eld theory (QFT) has prepared the ground prizes he has been awarded over the years. Here we for the gauge fi eld theory revolution of the 1970s. His say a little about one of them: the Henri Poincaré prize, contributions to the many body problem in quantum which is sponsored by the Daniel Iagolnitzer Foundati- mechanics and to the inverse scattering problem are on. There is no need to introduce the man whom it was among the deepest achievements in this area. His pio- named after to readers of this newsletter. neering work on the quantum inverse scattering method The prize was founded ten years ago, following a (QISM) started a wide new fi eld of research, ranging proposal by the Iagolnitzer Foundation, with the aim of from solvable models in quantum fi eld theory to quan- recognising outstanding contributions in mathematical tum groups. physics and contributions that lay the groundwork for novel developments in the fi eld. It also serves to recog- Professor Faddeev was born in nise and support young people who exhibit exceptional 1934 in Leningrad (now St. Peters- promise. The prize is awarded every three years at the burg) into a family of prominent International Mathematical Physics Congress and in Russian mathematicians.