Bab 1 Pendahuluan 1.1 Latar Belakang Bahasa

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Bab 1 Pendahuluan 1.1 Latar Belakang Bahasa Bab 1 Pendahuluan 1.1 Latar Belakang Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi terpenting bagi kehidupan manusia sehari- hari. Saat berbicara dengan satu sama lain, seseorang memiliki gaya bahasa dan berbicara yang berbeda-beda dan itulah keunikan dari bahasa. Bahasa mampu menyatukan banyak orang, juga mampu menjadi jembatan bagi setiap suku bahkan setiap negara karena dengan kesamaan bahasa maka dapat satu dengan yang lain, sehingga akan timbul perasaan mengerti satu sama lain. Setiap manusia dalam berkomunikasi dengan suatu bahasa tertentu, seringkali terkandung didalamnya kata-kata kiasan yang menggantikan maksud sebenarnya dari apa yang ingin disampaikan oleh pembicara kepada lawan bicaranya, walaupun kata-kata kiasan umum dalam penggunaannya saat berkomunikasi, tak dapat dipungkiri bahwa hal ini lebih banyak ditemui pada karya-karya puisi dan lirik-lirik lagu,mulai dari zaman dahulu atau masa modern. Kata-kata kiasan dalam bahasa merupakan suatu bagian yang unik dalam berkomunikasi maupun berkarya. Kata-kata kiasan ini disebut dengan majas, dan majas memiliki berbagai macam jenis oleh karena itu penulis tertarik untuk memfokuskan penelitian pada majas karena menurut penulis, majas merupakan suatu hal yang menonjol dan menarik untuk dibahas lebih mendalam. Dalam bahasa terdapat berbagai macam majas, namun penulis akan memfokuskan penelitian pada majas Metafora, Metafora di dalam sebuah lirik lagu pada lagu pop modern di Jepang kaitannya dengan teori Gambare dalam masyarakat Jepang. 1 Konsep Gambare yang berlaku di dalam masyarakat Jepang yakni semangat dan ketekunan yang tinggi dalam menjalankan pilihan hidupnya dan mengerjakan setiap pekerjaan yang ditugaskan kepadanya. Gambare juga yang membuat seseorang mampu untuk melakukan sesuatu sampai akhir dan bertahan walau banyak halangan dan rintangan menghadang. Teori yang akan digunakan dalam menganalisis Metafora dalam lagu Glamorous Sky ini yang pertama adalah teori semantik yang dikemukan oleh J.D Parera (1991). Semantik menurut Kridalaksana (2008:216) adalah bagian struktur bahasa yang berhubungan dengan makna ungkapan dan juga dengan struktur makna suatu wicara, sistem dan penyelidikan makna dan arti dalam suatu bahasa atau bahasa pada umumnya. Selain teori semantik, penulis juga menggunakan teori majas Metafora yang dapat menjelaskan arti kedua berdasarkan persamaan atau perbandingan. Untuk menjelaskan lebih mendalam tentang hubungan Yume「夢」dengan konsep Gambare yang tersirat dalam lirik lagu Glamorous Sky dikaitkan dengan perjuangan Mika Nakashima untuk meraih impiannya menjadi seorang penyanyi di Jepang. 2 1.1.1 Profil Mika Nakashima Nakashima Mika (中島 美嘉 ), lahir pada 19 Februari 1983 di Hioki, prefektur Kagoshima, merupakan seorang penyanyi,model dan artis. Terlahir dan besar di Kyuushuu, Mika merupakan anak paling kecil dari tiga bersaudara. Semenjak usianya masih belia, ia sudah ingin menjadi seorang penyanyi oleh sebab itu ia memutuskan untuk masuk SMA dan kuliah lagi. Pada umur 17 tahun ia terpilih dari 3000 gadis lainnya untuk menjadi tokoh utama perempuan pada Fuji TV Drama musim gugur tahun 2001, Kizudarake no Love Song (Tainted Love Song). Ia meluncurkan debut single-nya didukung oleh Sony Music Associated Records dengan judul single Stars, yang juga menjadi theme song dari drama tersebut pada bulan November,. Single tersebut juga menjadi salah satu dari best-selling single dari Mika. Single keduanya berjudul Crescent Moon, sebuah lagu dengan tema tahun 80-an dibatasi produksinya hanya 100,000 kopi saja dan langsung terjual habis pada hari pertama peluncurannya. Ia kembali meluncurkan single ketiganya yang berjudul One Survive Pada bulan Maret tahun 2002, dan video klip pertamanya Film Lotus, lalu diikuti lagi pada bulan Mei, single keempatnya Helpelss Rain, single kelima di bulan Agustus ,Will, yang terjual sampai lebih dari 140,000 kopi. Keduanya masuk dalam 20 besar hits lagu dan terjual kurang lebih 100,000 kopi, membuktikan bahwa Nakashima adalah bintang baru yang menjanjikan. 3 Sejak debutnya pada tahun 2001 sampai pada tahun 2010 ini, Mika Nakashima telah meluncurkan 31 singles dan 10 album, termasuk diantaranya pada tahun 2005 ia menyanyikan lagu Glamorous Sky yang dijadikan lagu untuk drama Jepang berjudul Nana. 1.2 Rumusan Permasalahan Penulis akan menganalisis makna majas Metafora dalam lagu Glamorous Sky. 1.3 Ruang Lingkup Permasalahan Ruang lingkup permasalahan dalam skripsi ini akan dibatasi pada makna Metafora Yume「夢」, yang dihubungkan dengan konsep Gambare dalam lirik lagu Glamorous Sky diciptakan oleh Mika Nakashima. 1.4 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian Tujuan yang ingin dicapai oleh penulis dalam skripsi ini secara umum adalah untuk pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan secara khusus adalah mengetahui hubungan Metafora dari kata Yume「夢」dengan konsep Gambare dalam lirik Glamorous Sky oleh Mika Nakashima. Penulis juga berharap bahwa hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi mereka yang ingin mengetahui hubungan Metafora dari lagu Glamorous Sky pada kata Yume「夢」dengan konsep Gambare yang berlaku dalam masyarakat Jepang. 4 1.5 Metode Penelitian Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah deskriptif –analitis dan dengan mengumpulkan data dan bahan yang didapat dari SALLC Binus, dan Japan Foundation serta dari sumber-sumber media lain seperti internet kemudian menganalisis penelitian berdasarkan pada data-data yang telah dikumpulkan dan didukung dengan buku-buku dari sumber-sumber yang telah disebutkan. 1.6 Sistematika Penulisan Bab 1 Pendahuluan menjelaskan latar belakang permasalahan, rumusan permasalahan, ruang lingkup permasalahan, tujuan dan manfaat penelitian, metode penelitian dan sistematika penelitian Pada Bab 2 Landasan Teori, berisi seluruh teori yang penulis gunakan sebagai dasar untuk menganalisis data dalam bab 3. Teori-teori yang penulis gunakan antara lain teori semantik, konsep Gambare. Dalam Bab 3 Analisis Data, penulis akan menganalisis Metafora Yume「夢」 dihubungkan dengan konsep Gambare pada lagu Glamorous Sky oleh Mika Nakashima berdasarkan pada teori yang telah dijelaskan pada bab 2. Dalam Bab 4 Simpulan, penulis akan membuat simpulan berdasarkan apa yang telah diteliti sebelumnya. Dalam bab 5 Ringkasan, penulis akan menulis kembali secara singkat isi dari skripsi ini. 5 .
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