SENEGAL Feed the Future 2015-16 Zone of Influence Indicator Assessment Report May 2017
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SENEGAL Feed the Future 2015-16 Zone of Influence Indicator Assessment Report May 2017 Prepared for the United States Agency for International Development, USAID Contract Number AID-OAA-I-12-00042/AID-OAA-TO-14-00046. Implemented by International Development Group LLC (IDG), with data collection support from Centre de Recherche pour le Développement Humain (CRDH). Recommended Citation: International Development Group LLC, 2016, Feed the Future Senegal 2015-16 Zone of Influence Indicator Assessment Report, Virginia, USA. Cover photo credit: Tamara Glazer USAID/Senegal Contact: Abdoulaye Dia Agriculture Specialist [email protected] International Development Group LLC Contact: Elly Preotle Senior Manager 1100 North Glebe Road, Ste 950, Arlington, VA 22201, USA 571.336.7972 [email protected] Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. i List of Acronyms .................................................................................................................. iii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................... v Background ....................................................................................................... v Interim Assessment Indicators ..................................................................... v Interim Assessment Data Sources .............................................................. vi Summary of Key Findings .............................................................................. vi 1. Background ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Feed the Future Overview .............................................................. 1 1.2 Feed the Future ZOI Profile ............................................................ 2 1.2.1 Rationale for ZOI Selection ............................................ 3 1.2.2 Demography of the ZOI .................................................. 4 1.2.3 Agriculture in the ZOI ..................................................... 5 1.3 Purpose of This Report .................................................................... 6 2. Methodologies for Obtaining Interim Values for Feed the Future Indicators ............................................................................................. 7 2.1 Data Sources ....................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Primary Data: The ZOI Interim Survey in Senegal ................................................................................. 8 Questionnaire Design ................................................................................... 10 Fieldwork ......................................................................................................... 12 Limitations of the Survey ............................................................................. 13 ZOI Interim Survey Response Rates ......................................................... 14 2.2 Measures and Reporting Conventions Used Throughout This Report ................................................................ 15 2.2.1 Standard Disaggregates .................................................. 15 2.2.2 Reporting Conventions .................................................. 17 3. ZOI Interim Survey Population .................................................................. 19 3.1 Demographics ................................................................................... 19 3.2 Living Conditions ............................................................................. 21 3.3 Education ........................................................................................... 23 4. Household Economic Status ....................................................................... 25 4.1 Daily Per Capita Expenditures ...................................................... 26 4.2 Prevalence and Depth of Poverty in the ZOI ........................... 27 4.2.1 The $1.25 Poverty Threshold ....................................... 28 4.2.2 The National Poverty Threshold ................................. 29 4.2.3 The National Extreme Poverty Threshold ................ 31 5. Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture .................................................. 34 5.1 Overview ........................................................................................... 34 5.2 Agricultural Production .................................................................. 37 5.3 Productive Resources ..................................................................... 40 5.4 Leadership in the Community ....................................................... 42 Feed the Future Senegal 2015-16 Zone of Influence Interim Indicator Assessment i 5.5 Time Use ........................................................................................... 43 6. Hunger and Dietary Intake .......................................................................... 45 6.1 Household Hunger .......................................................................... 45 6.2 Dietary Intake ................................................................................... 46 6.2.1 Dietary Diversity among Women Age 15-49 Years ................................................................................... 46 6.2.2 Infant and Young Child Feeding .................................... 51 7. Nutritional Status of Women and Children ............................................ 56 7.1 Body Mass Index of Women Age 15-49 Years ......................... 56 7.2 Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight among Children Under 5 Years .................................................................................. 58 7.2.1 Stunting (Height-for-Age) .............................................. 58 7.2.2 Wasting (Weight-for-Height) ....................................... 60 7.2.3 Underweight (Weight-for-Age) .................................... 62 8. Summary and Conclusions .......................................................................... 65 References ........................................................................................................................... 67 Appendix 1. Supplementary Data and Figures .............................................................. 69 A1.1. Interim Feed the Future Indicator Estimates ............................. 69 A1.2. Poverty at the $1.90 (2011 PPP) per person per day threshold ............................................................................................ 71 Appendix 2. Methodology ................................................................................................. 72 A2.1 Sampling and Weighting ................................................................. 72 A2.2 Poverty Prevalence and Expenditure Methods ......................... 74 A2.3 Criteria for Achieving Adequacy for Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Indicators .................................... 76 Appendix 3. Feed the Future Results Framework ....................................................... 80 Appendix 4. List of 2015 ZOI Communes and Population ....................................... 81 Appendix 5. List of 2012 Truncated Baseline ZOI Communes ................................ 85 Appendix 6. Population of Individuals by Category in the Current ZOI and the Sub-ZOI, Senegal 2013 .......................................................................... 87 Feed the Future Senegal 2015-16 Zone of Influence Interim Indicator Assessment ii List of Acronyms 5DE Five Domains of Empowerment ANSD Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie BFS Bureau for Food Security BMI Body Mass Index CI Confidence Interval Collaborative Management for Sustainable Fisheries Future in COMFISH Senegal CPI Consumer Price Index CR Communautés Rurales CRDH Centre de Recherche pour le Développement Humain DEFF Design Effect DHS Demographic and Health Survey DR Districts de Recensement EA Enumeration Area EG Economic Growth ERA Education and Research in Agriculture FANTA Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project GOS Government of Senegal GPI Gender Parity Index HHS Household Hunger Scale IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding LCU Local Currency Unit LSMS Living Standards Measurement Survey M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MAD Minimum Acceptable Diet MDD-W Women’s Minimum Dietary Diversity MDG Millennium Development Goals MS Monitoring System MYS Multi-Year Strategy NLA Nutrition-Led Agriculture NRVCC Nutrient-Rich Value Chain Commodity Feed the Future Senegal 2015-16 Zone of Influence Interim Indicator Assessment iii ORS Oral Hydration Solution Peace Corps Agriculture Participating Agency Program PAPA Agreement PCE Economic Growth Project PPP Purchasing Power Parity PPS Probability Proportional to Size PSU Primary Sampling Unit RF Results Framework SD Standard Deviation SFZ Southern Forest Zone SRV Senegal River Valley SSU Secondary Sampling Units USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States Dollar USG United States Government WDDS Women’s Dietary Diversity Score WEAI Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index ZOI Zone of Influence Feed the Future Senegal 2015-16 Zone of Influence Interim Indicator Assessment iv Executive Summary Background Feed the Future, led by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), seeks to reduce