BALCANICA XLV BALCANICA XLV, Belgrade 2014, 1–496 UDC 930.85(4–12) ISSN 0350–7653 ACADEMIE SERBE DES SCIENCES ET DES ARTS INSTITUT DES ÉTUDES BALKANIQUES BALCANICA XLV ANNUAIRE DE L’INSTITUT DES ÉTUDES BALKANIQUES Rédacteur en chef DUŠAN T. BATAKOVIĆ Directeur de l’Institut des Études balkaniques Membres de la Rédaction JEAN-PAUL BLED (Paris), LJUBOMIR MAKSIMOVIĆ, ZORAN MILUTINOVIĆ (London), DANICA POPOVIĆ, BILJANA SIKIMIĆ, SPIRIDON SFETAS (Thessaloniki), GABRIELLA SCHUBERT (Jena), NIKOLA TASIĆ, SVETLANA M. TOLSTAJA (Moscow) BELGRADE 2014 UDC 930.85(4–12) ISSN 0350–7653 SERBIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS INSTITUTE FOR BALKAN STUDIES BALCANICA XLV ANNUAL OF THE INSTITUTE FOR BALKAN STUDIES Editor-in-Chief DUŠAN T. BATAKOVIĆ Director of the Institute for Balkan Studies SASA Editorial Board JEAN-PAUL BLED (Paris), LJUBOMIR MAKSIMOVIĆ, ZORAN MILUTINOVIĆ (London), DANICA POPOVIĆ, BILJANA SIKIMIĆ, SPIRIDON SFETAS (Thessaloniki), GABRIELLA SCHUBERT (Jena), NIKOLA TASIĆ, SVETLANA M. TOLSTAJA (Moscow) BELGRADE 2014 Publisher Institute for Balkan Studies Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Belgrade, Knez Mihailova 35/IV www.balkaninstitut.com e-mail: [email protected] The origin of the Institute goes back to the Institut des Études balkaniques founded in Belgrade in 1934 as the only of the kind in the Balkans. The initiative came from King Alexander I Karadjordjević, while the Institute’s scholarly profile was created by Ratko Parežanin and Svetozar Spanaćević. The Institute published Revue internationale des Études balkaniques, which assembled most prominent European experts on the Balkans in various disci- plines. Its work was banned by the Nazi occupation authorities in 1941. The Institute was not re-established until 1969, under its present-day name and under the auspices of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. It assembled a team of scholars to cover the Balkans from prehistory to the modern age and in a range of different fields of study, such as archaeology, ethnography, anthropology, history, culture, art, literature, law. This multi- disciplinary approach remains its long-term orientation. Volume XLV of the annual Balcanica is printed with financial support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia CONTENTS FOREWORD The Eightieth Anniversary of the Institute for Balkan Studies (1934–2014) . 7 ARTICLES ARCHAeoLOGY Nikola Tasić, Some Reflections on the Migrations of Palaeo-Balkan Peoples in Pre-Roman Times . 15 Borislav Jovanović, The Eastern Celts and their Invasions of Hellenistic Greece and Asia Minor . 25 MEDIEVAL STUdieS Božidar Ferjančić & Ljubomir Maksimović, Sava Nemanjić and Serbia between Epiros and Nicaea . 37 Danica Popović, Eulogiae Terrae Sanctae of St Sava of Serbia . 55 Jovanka Kalić, A Millennium of Belgrade (Sixth-Sixteenth Centuries): A Short Overview . 71 Desanka Kovačević Kojić, On the Composition and Processing of Precious Metals Mined in Medieval Serbia . 97 Sima M. Ćirković, The Double Wreath: A Contribution to the History of Kingship in Bosnia . 107 Momčilo Spremić, Le Despote Stefan Lazarević et « Sieur » Djuradj Branković . 145 ETHNOLOGY Ljubinko Radenković, Bread in the Folk Culture of the Serbs in Its Pan–Slavic Context . 165 ART HISTORY Ljiljana Stošić, The Bay of Cattaro (Kotor) School of Icon-Painting 1680–1860 . 187 MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY HISTorY Jelena Milojković-Djurić, David Urquhart’s Perceptions of the Eastern Question. The Affairs of Serbia . 203 Slobodan Jovanović, Jovan Ristić : écrivain et historien . 221 Mihailo Vojvodić, Stojan Novaković et la politique étrangère de la Serbie 229 Vasilije Dj Krestić, Croatian Pretensions to Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1848 . 267 Dimitrije Djordjević, Pašić and Milovanović in the Negotiations for the Conclusion of the Balkan Alliance of 1912 . 295 Dušan T. Bataković, Serbia, the Serbo-Albanian Conflict and the First Balkan War . 317 Dragoljub R. Živojinović, King Nikola and the Territorial Expansion of Montenegro, 1914–1920 . 353 Georges-Henri Soutou, La France et le problème des Nationalités pendant la guerre de 1914–1918 : le cas de la Serbie . 369 Vojislav Stanovčić, The Absolute Power of the Sovereign, Bureaucracy, Democracy and Constitutional Government in the Works of Slobodan Jovanović . 399 Radovan Samardžić, Vladimir Ćorović: TheL ast Polyhistor . 435 Konstantin V. Nikiforov, Modernization Mixed with Nationalism . 443 Review ESSAY Boris Begović, In Search of Lost Time: A View of Contemporary Historiography on the Origins of the First World War . 453 REVIEWS Aleksandra Djurić Milovanović: Sanja Bošković, Kosovski kulturološki mit 469 Dušan T. Bataković: Paschalis M. Kitromilides, Enlightenment and Revolution. The Making of Modern Greece . 471 Veljko Stanić: Vasilije Dj. Krestić, Srbi u Ugarskoj 1790–1918 . 474 Jelena N. Radosavljević: Teodora Toleva, Vlijanieto na Avstro-Ungarija za săzdavaneto na albanskata nacija (1896–1908) . 476 Dušan Fundić: Gerhard Hirschfeld & Gerd Krumeich, Deutschland im Ersten Weltkrieg . 479 Miloš Vojinović: M. MacMillan, The War That Ended Peace — The Road to 1914 . 482 Aleksandra Djurić Milovanović: Miodrag Ciuruşchin, Political and Diplomatic Relations of Romania and Serbia Between 1903 and 1914 . 487 Dušan Fundić, Herfried Münkler, Der Große Krieg. Die Welt 1914–1918 . 491 T HE EIGHT IET H ANNIVERSARY OF T HE I NST I T U T E FOR BALKAN S T UDIES (1934–2014) The history of the Institute for Balkan Studies of the Ser- bian Academy of Sciences and Arts has seen two distinct phases but linked by one underlying idea: fostering schol- arly interpretation of the past of the region and encour- aging the Balkan nations to learn more about and get to better know one another. Within a span of eighty years the Institute was inactive for more than a quarter century: from 1941, when it was closed down at the order of the Nazi German occupying authorities, until 1969. In the first phase of its work the Institute was subsidized by King Alexan- der I Karadjordjević of Yugoslavia, in the second by the Republic of Serbia through the Serbian Academy of Sciences as its most prestigious scientific institution. Since the pre-war Institute was seen as a royalist establishment by the new communist regime, its post-war successor was given a somewhat more up-to-date name to highlight the scholarly dimension of balkanology, a field of study that brings together various disciplines of humanities and social sciences.1 It is interesting that the name of the new Institute (Balkanološki in- stitut) in French and English was the same as the name of the old Insti- tute (Balkanski institut). To indicate continuity between the two institu- tions which share the same mission and more or less the same concept, the new Institute has retained the already widely known logo of the old one. It has been a continuity discretely suggested, and implicitly confirmed by the scholarly orientation of the new Institute for Balkan Studies. Today, eighty years since the founding of the original Institute, the continuity becomes quite obvious if one compares the themes studied, the titles of monographs, edited volumes and conference publications or the contents of the Institute’s journal. The former Revue internationale des études balkaniques has been re- 1 Cf. more in Ratko Parežanin, Za Balkansko jedinstvo (Munchen: Iskra, 1979); Le me- morial de l’Institut des Etudes balkaniques, Balcanica XXX–XXXI (1999–2000), with bibliographies of both Institutes; Ivan Obradović, ”Balkanski institut”, Godišnjak za društvenu istoriju 3 (2010), 43–62. 8 Balcanica XLV (2014) named Balcanica, again to avoid being ideologically objected to for continu- ing traditions of the interwar Kingdom of Yugoslavia, something the Titoist regime would not have allowed. Since the interwar Institute was perceived as a personal project of King Alexander, whose vision was the vision of a pacified Balkans steadily advancing through a team effort in an atmosphere of reconciliation and cooperation, it was necessary that the new Institute should have no association, at least not an obvious one, with the old Insti- tute. As we have seen, this association was discreetly suggested nonetheless, and readily decipherable by those who knew about the interwar Institute and its work. So it happened that all unsold copies of the interwar Institute’s publications were stored in the successor Institute and, in the following years, carefully distributed to interested scholarly institutions in the region and in the world wherever the past of the Balkans was studied. King Alexander I of Yugoslavia gladly accepted the proposal by the journalist Ratko Parežanin of founding an institute for Balkan studies and became its main sponsor, setting aside as much as 400,000 dinars, a hand- some sum at the time. Namely, a need was felt to challenge the widespread stereotypes about the Balkans as a “powder keg” in the backwoods of civi- lized Europe and draw attention to regional values and achievements which were little known or thought little of in the western world. The idea of starting the Institute essentially revived the old nineteenth-century slogan “Balkans to the Balkan peoples” and coincided with King Alexander’s own political programme of concluding a Balkan pact and establishing lasting peace in the Balkans. But the King was assassinated in Marseilles in Oc- tober 1934, at the very beginning of his visit to France, by a conspiracy of Croat and Bulgarian nationalists abetted by Hungarian revisionists and sponsored by Mussolini. The assassination