The 1981 Brixton Uprisings
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rtll- Look at the man orr the right-is he asking the way to the Labour Exchange? Werethe thousandsinvolved in the up- risingsasking for jobs? Look at the picture below. What are they holding in their hands-petitions, cfassifiedjob ads, the Morning Stor, Ietters to MPs, Labour Party member- ship forms? The uprisingswere a step in the right direction. Not only did peopleref use their everyday boredom, hardshipand repression, but they also had a fucking good time! Sincethen we've seenthe'Peoples March For Jobs', designed-like the Right To Work Campaign-to cadr in on discontent while trying to reduce us to beggingfrom the system instead of overthrowing it. So m uch for the left's fake ,anger,, fake 'resistance',fake'funl- We needa new world. THE1981 BRIXTON UPRISINGS St:IZE THE STREETS WORKPLACES & SHOPS We Want To Riot, Not To Worh: The 1981Brixton Uprtstngs Publishedby the Riot Not To Work Collective,April 1982. Copyright,but may be reproducedby other non-profit seditiousgroups. Cover: basedon a London WorkersGroup leaflet,May 1981. WE WANT TO RIOI, NOT TO WORK: Printing: Little A, Ltd. C1 MetropolitanWharf, Wapping Wall, London E1. THE 1981 BRIXTONUPRISINGS Distributed by: A Distribution, 84b WhitechapelHigh Street, London E 1 Contents Introduction: ITS FAMOUSMARKET 3 ITII TT II I I III I III II IIII II I I WELCOMETO BRIXTON AND TORY EXPRESS .IT WASTHE THING TO DO' 6 So, It's not youth trendy teachers or unemploymentor slack parents immigration or even THE IMPOSSIBLECLASS 30 and lead poisoning "alienation" werecausing the riots like sniffin glue ilI FROMOFFENCE TO DEFENCETO ...? 39 areyou kidding me? it's somethingto do Appendix: And, No.oneis behindit THE CASEOF PATRICIA GIAMBI 47 the Front-line residents or leadingit of Railton Road the Stateonly just destroyed their own homes outflanked it to discredit the police? We all played apart in it Suremate, and I'll never forget it Whateveryou say you fuckwit I meanto say dull, it wasn't. PatRIOTism It's not a matt€r 6.6.6t of why "they" rioted but why "you" did not? and which High streets and which areas will be next? '% wF' tl!l.t!) 'E revolt elsewhere. wz. k ffi :wr x,& ffiil 'trb;- ::,?,lffWl *':'b. =o o LL crowds to gather in those strategicspaces. o L = Early evening,April 11: Policebtoik off Raitton o- (but soon the uprisingwas to overcomethem and spreadout to the main Brixton shoppingareal. Ioyment can be saidto have'caused'the uprisingsonly in that it hasserved to by the market We enjoyed the brea$down of the authority normally imposed shift a major point of classconfrontation from the workplace onto the sleets' money' gavea economy upon our lives, as the experienceof 'shopping without but it has certainly not generatedmass demands for yet more wage-labour. and freed us from the new, unintendedmeaning to Brixton's'famous market' The article alsolooks critically at that old cliche,'the community'. The term compulsion to buy and sell. normally evokesthe traditional proprietary'community' encompassingthe authority of teechers,shopkeepers, family sftucture,etc. The uprisings,how- romantic memoriesnor to We're now recalling the uprisingsneither to evoke ever, marked a breakdown of that respectablecommunity as it gaveway to a present pamphlet with the feeling that make detached 'analysis'. Rather, we this new oppositional community which the state must try to disorganise. 'The the hot- we're emergingfrom 'the coldest winter in 30 years' into what could be Imposiible class' ends by askinghow to build 'an oppositional community of pamphlet some test summer yet. We hope that the material in this contributes creativeactivity which can defend itself againstthe state and political parties... the same insight useful to any strugglesyet to come-whether or not they take building on the more creativemoments of the recent revolts'. form as last year. (This entire article is basedon a much longer one originally written iust after It's important for us to say that all the contributors to this pamphlet are white. the July uprisings. The full versionappears in a supplement to Anarchy no.33 desc- Recognisingthe centrality of black resistanceto racism in the uprisings,we but without the new beginning speciallywritten for this pamphlet.) ribe how such resistancebecame a larger entry point for our own refusal of mere 'survival' as wagedor unwagedworkers, as women, etc. Although we have ex- periencedorploitation, harassmentand coercion in somewhat different ways than black and Asian people, we came to fight the samebattles in the streetsagainst the sameenemy-the police. At the sametime, we are all too aware that tensions between blacls and whites, men and women, persistafter the uprisings. This pamphlet contains three main sections,each dealing with the eventson a and division among those who,for a while, joined together as an insurgent com- different level and each written by different contributors. munity. How do we get beyond that deadend cycle? Just after the July riots, for example,the crowd in a Wolverhamptoncourt- D 'IT WAS THE THING TO DO' room almost succeededin freeing their mates from the dock. However, during Generalisationsabout eventsare hardly useful unlessthelr reflect the experience the winter, hundredsof people faced prison sentencesin the samekind of iso- expresstheir of those involved in them. The contributors to the first section lation which prevailed beforehand. Capitalisn will continue to defeat us if April uprising- The thoughts, feelingsand aspirationsduring the courseof the rebellion remainsconfined to the warmest months, to specialanniversaries or gives information about Brixton and the first account also iome background to counter-attacksagainst only the most blatant police provocations-ultimately upri$ng. All theseaccounts were originally written eventswhich led up to the Ieavingthe initiative with the state. just now remained unpublished (except for the first one, afterwards but until With theseproblems in mind, the article looks at the inability of the Brixton Freedom). which we reprint fuom defencegroups to sustainthe 'creativemoments' of the revolts,instead express- section after a quotation in the Scarman Ironically enough, we entitle this entire ing a disorganisationand powerlessnesswhich limited the July uprisingas much he had taken part in the riots: 'It was Report from a black youth explaining why asdid the advancein police tacticsthen. The article makestentative suggestions how the initial incident set off an the thing to do.' Our accountshelp to explain for possiblenew organisationalforms for defendingthe targetsof staterepression participation than simply black male youth; uprising attracting a much broader and for generalisingthe rebellionof the oppositionalcommunity. Wheneverwe question why it did not extend even further in ai the sametime, they pose the of do reach a point of confrontation leading to the next uprising, the groundwork timespanand territorY. could already be laid for taking it beyond defenceof ghetto territory, towards transformingthe whole of daily life, destroyingthe rule of capitaland the state. To concludeour Introduction, we remind readersthat our contributorsmostly Iive in the Brixton area,so the writing naturally emphasisesthesituation there' Although we sometimesrefer to eventsin other citiesas well, we're limited in fully incorporatingthose into our analysis.We hope that this pamphletwill analysisand the state'scontainment strategies. Street confrontations can be inspirepeople elsewhere-inToxteth, st.Paul's,Handsworth, Moss side,etc.- understoodas rezulting from the system'sfailure to police the capitalist labour to publicisetheir experiencesas weli. market throughmore subtlemeans, given the recenttransformation in the natureof employmentas well as unemployment,especially as a resffuctured --Riot Not To Work Collective, economycomes ro requirefar lessskilled, permanent labour power. unemp- March1982 .IT WASTHE THING TO DO' THE FIRE THIS TIME Brixton riots will be Bv now the social and economic background to the list, borough in whidt i#tl; ; ;;;";Ple. A housing waiting in the *?':qtdTdt Brfi; is situated, of ta,ooo, n tiita of tle housing stock ithabout 2 out of 3 of the unemployed being black; in London, it being twice the ies. l the Railton Road (Frondine/Mayall EustonI r Kings Ctoss 'Blues' (parties with sound systems Pun BRlXTlIll Sre Sta Frontline a black caafb etntre has lecet City and further down a formet black boolis TON sTATr0il Victorir Ste bookshop.Peopledownheretendtoliveontlrelett-oversotcaPrn$t I Waterloo board for demolit- EE; ;;t. io, yooq the Triangle has been on tJre drawing Sta to carry this out' iorr-S,itot fy i" tfie last tto t* eny-attemPt been made been goming down piece- B But tJre council keep running out of money so it has maze of sueets Camberwell rnttrng u ro,r[h *" tJot evin rottgh"t' How€ver' the come undet BRIXTON ^"4, front'lir" look brighter as they,have increasingly ;;;?A; blacks' Jftro"""pn ion of white, libetai professionals and self'madc TtP:"tobl" - and the powri the Frontline ah""" ,nrt distinctcultures - the black "o and on thefringes of *hil _ and it is *e tucr< cuturre which prcdominates The blacks hove their *mO O" yourrg wtit s put iApon"' Dopi and Reggae' cultural identity ;;;;g"A; _-p"toi,I tili, grn"r ih"tt independent ^a - relevant aspect of that is not easily co'opted or diludd' Perhapsthe most mu{ a street culture this ctrlture (in terms of the riots) is that it is very are always crowds of blacks [Jatpr." itrdtn **aol. wirper or-summer.$erb occupying ttreir social out on