Changing Relationships in the Irish Borderlands
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How the Elizabethans Explained Their Invasions of Ireland and Virginia
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1994 Justification: How the Elizabethans Explained their Invasions of Ireland and Virginia Christopher Ludden McDaid College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the European History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation McDaid, Christopher Ludden, "Justification: How the Elizabethans Explained their Invasions of Ireland and Virginia" (1994). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625918. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-4bnb-dq93 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Justification: How the Elizabethans Explained Their Invasions of Ireland and Virginia A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fufillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Christopher Ludden McDaid 1994 Approval Sheet This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts r Lucfclen MoEfaid Approved, October 1994 _______________________ ixJLt James Axtell John Sel James Whittenourg ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.............................................. -
Violence and the Sacred in Northern Ireland
VIOLENCE AND THE SACRED IN NORTHERN IRELAND Duncan Morrow University of Ulster at Jordanstown For 25 years Northern Ireland has been a society characterized not so much by violence as by an endemic fear of violence. At a purely statistical level the risk of death as a result of political violence in Belfast was always between three and ten times less than the risk of murder in major cities of the United States. Likewise, the risk of death as the result of traffic accidents in Northern Ireland has been, on average, twice as high as the risk of death by political killing (Belfast Telegraph, 23 January 1994). Nevertheless, the tidal flow of fear about political violence, sometimes higher and sometimes lower but always present, has been the consistent fundamental backdrop to public, and often private, life. This preeminence of fear is triggered by past and present circumstances and is projected onto the vision of the future. The experience that disorder is ever close at hand has resulted in an endemic insecurity which gives rise to the increasingly conscious desire for a new order, for scapegoats and for resolution. For a considerable period of time, Northern Ireland has actively sought and made scapegoats but such actions have been ineffective in bringing about the desired resolution to the crisis. They have led instead to a continuous mimetic crisis of both temporal and spatial dimensions. To have lived in Northern Ireland is to have lived in that unresolved crisis. Liberal democracy has provided the universal transcendence of Northern Ireland's political models. Northern Ireland is physically and spiritually close to the heartland of liberal democracy: it is geographically bound by Britain and Ireland, economically linked to Western Europe, and historically tied to emigration to the United States, Canada, and the South Pacific. -
Dziadok Mikalai 1'St Year Student
EUROPEAN HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY Program «World Politics and economics» Dziadok Mikalai 1'st year student Essay Written assignment Course «International relations and governances» Course instructor Andrey Stiapanau Vilnius, 2016 The Troubles (Northern Ireland conflict 1969-1998) Plan Introduction 1. General outline of a conflict. 2. Approach, theory, level of analysis (providing framework). Providing the hypothesis 3. Major actors involved, definition of their priorities, preferences and interests. 4. Origins of the conflict (historical perspective), major actions timeline 5. Models of conflicts, explanations of its reasons 6. Proving the hypothesis 7. Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Northern Ireland conflict, called “the Troubles” was the most durable conflict in the Europe since WW2. Before War in Donbass (2014-present), which lead to 9,371 death up to June 3, 20161 it also can be called the bloodiest conflict, but unfortunately The Donbass War snatched from The Troubles “the victory palm” of this dreadful competition. The importance of this issue, however, is still essential and vital because of challenges Europe experience now. Both proxy war on Donbass and recent terrorist attacks had strained significantly the political atmosphere in Europe, showing that Europe is not safe anymore. In this conditions, it is necessary for us to try to assume, how far this insecurity and tensions might go and will the circumstances and the challenges of a international relations ignite the conflict in Northern Ireland again. It also makes sense for us to recognize that the Troubles was also a proxy war to a certain degree 23 Sources, used in this essay are mostly mass-media articles, human rights observers’ and international organizations reports, and surveys made by political scientists on this issue. -
Terrorism Knows No Borders
TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS October 2019 his is a special initiative for SEFF to be associated with, it is one part of a three part overall Project which includes; the production of a Book and DVD Twhich captures the testimonies and experiences of well over 20 innocent victims and survivors of terrorism from across Great Britain and The Republic of Ireland. The Project title; ‘Terrorism knows NO Borders’ aptly illustrates the broader point that we are seeking to make through our involvement in this work, namely that in the context of Northern Ireland terrorism and criminal violence was not curtailed to Northern Ireland alone but rather that individuals, families and communities experienced its’ impacts across the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and beyond these islands. This Memorial Quilt Project does not claim to represent the totality of lives lost across Great Britain and The Republic of Ireland but rather seeks to provide some understanding of the sacrifices paid by communities, families and individuals who have been victimised by ‘Republican’ or ‘Loyalist’ terrorism. SEFF’s ethos means that we are not purely concerned with victims/survivors who live within south Fermanagh or indeed the broader County. -
Colonialism, Postcolonialism and Northern Ireland
The Elephant in the Room: Colonialism, Postcolonialism, and Northern Ireland1 Bryonie Reid Independent Writer and Artist ABSTRACT: In this paper I address the position of Northern Irish Protestants within (or without) discourses of colonialism and postcolonialism on the island of Ireland. I contend that this position is a problematic one, which calls into question certain assumptions about the colonial or postcolonial nature of Ireland historically and in the present day. Further, I suggest much theory on the subject neglects the complexities of the relationship between contemporary Northern Irish Protestants and the seventeenth-century colonization of Ulster. This is a pity, because it limits understanding of the historical and ongoing conflict in Northern Ireland, as well as concepts of identity and place. I use an autobiographical methodology as a means of reflecting on the multiplicity of individual stories, and the role they might play in opening out discussion of colonial legacies and postcolonial contexts in Northern Ireland and Ireland today. n 2010 and 2011, I worked on a project called Troubling Ireland. Conceived by Danish curators Kuratorisk Aktion, its aim was to explore the operations of capitalism, colonialism Iand postcolonialism in contemporary Ireland. The project unfolded through a series of workshops attended by a group of artists and curators and held over the course of a year in Dublin, Manorhamilton in County Leitrim, Belfast and Limerick. The Manorhamilton workshop addressed the reproduction of colonial patterns of thought and behavior within global capitalism. Acknowledging the town’s plantation history, artist Anna Macleod shaped the workshop around the town’s forgotten histories and contemporary currents of politico-religious conflict. -
Orange Alba: the Civil Religion of Loyalism in the Southwestern Lowlands of Scotland Since 1798
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2010 Orange Alba: The Civil Religion of Loyalism in the Southwestern Lowlands of Scotland since 1798 Ronnie Michael Booker Jr. University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Booker, Ronnie Michael Jr., "Orange Alba: The Civil Religion of Loyalism in the Southwestern Lowlands of Scotland since 1798. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/777 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Ronnie Michael Booker Jr. entitled "Orange Alba: The Civil Religion of Loyalism in the Southwestern Lowlands of Scotland since 1798." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. John Bohstedt, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Vejas Liulevicius, Lynn Sacco, Daniel Magilow Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by R. -
Ethnicising Ulster's Protestants
Ethnicising Ulster’s Protestants Tolerance, Peoplehood, and Class in Ulster-Scots Ethnopedagogy Peter Robert Gardner Jesus College, The University of Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Contents Figures and Tables iv Abbreviations and Short Forms v Acknowledgements vi Word Limit and Plagiarism Statement vii Abstract viii Chapter One: Introduction 1 1.1 Research Questions, Methods and Chapter Overview 5 1.2 Tolerance, Peoplehood, Dignity 7 Chapter Two: Protestantism, Unionism and Consociational Ideology 11 2.1 Shifting Peoplehoods 12 2.1.1 From British Rule to Unionist Rule 12 2.1.2 From Multiplicity toward Britishness 15 2.1.3 Defeatism and the Cultural Turn 18 2.2 Consociationalism, Normativity, Power 21 2.3 Ulster-Scots 26 2.3.1 Ethnic Peoplehood 26 2.3.2 Who are the Ulster-Scots? 30 2.3.3 “Revival” 35 2.4 Conclusion 38 Chapter Three: Communal Segregation and Educational Peace-Building 39 3.1 The Current State of Segregation 39 3.2 Segregated Education 45 3.3 Education and Peace-Building 55 3.4 Conclusion: De-segregating the Mind 63 Chapter Four: Methods 65 4.1 Research Design and Methods 65 4.1.1 Educational Materials 66 4.1.2 Interviews 67 4.1.3. Primary School Survey 69 4.2 Analysis 70 4.2.1 Euphemism, “Telling” and Reading Silences 72 4.2.2 Reflexivity, Stickiness and Power Dynamics 75 4.3 Conclusion 78 Chapter Five: The Development of Ulster-Scots Education 79 5.1 Processes of Peoplehood-Building 79 5.2 Three Phases of Development 81 5.2.1 Phase One: Grass-Roots Education, Elite Lobbying -
Richmount News
The Richmount Archers Club in action. Robert Tiffney and Edition 8 Thomas Wilson getting ready to shoot their arrows. We have a full December 2013 range of archery equipment at the Richmount Centre. Anyone interested Richmount News in joining may have 3 free trial sessions after that they must become a member of the Northern Ireland Field Archers Association which costs Published by Richmount Rural Community Association £30 per annum. There are concessions for family membership. For de- Working together for all in our community tails on joining the Archery Club please contact Keith Sharpe on 07546272774 In this issue: Richmount Elders : A great success After some 10 weeks of our Richmount Elders project it has exceeded all expectations. We are nowLoneless almost packed to capacity with upwards of 50 people attending our Thursday sessions which are open from 11.00 am to 3.30 pm. Morning and afternoon tea/coffee is provided together with a substantial lunch. These lunches are cooked by our volunteers with the men and women cooking on alternative weeks. The men are winning hands down in the competition on who can put up the tastiest dishes ( The editor must declare his bias in this ). The feedback from our elders has been excellent and the quality , variety and presentation of lunches and entertainment has brought universal praise. This is a tremendous achievement for our Association and credit must go to our volunteers who give up their time to make all this happen. More volunteers are welcome as we don’t want to tire our existing ones out. -
The Political Role of Northern Irish Protestant Religious Denominations
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work 2-1991 The Political Role of Northern Irish Protestant Religious Denominations Henry D. Fincher Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Recommended Citation Fincher, Henry D., "The Political Role of Northern Irish Protestant Religious Denominations" (1991). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/68 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. - - - - - THE POtJ'TICAIJ I~OI~E OF NOR'TI-IERN IRISH - PROTESrrANrr REI~IGIOUS DENOMINATIONS - COLLEGE SCIIOLAR5,/TENNESSEE SCIIOLARS PROJECT - HENRY D. FINCHER ' - - FEnRlJARY IN, 1991 - - - .. - .. .. - Acknowledgements The completion of this project would have been impossible without assistance from many different individuals in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland. I appreciate the gifts of interviews from the MP's for South Belfast and South Wirral, respectively the Reverend Martin Smyth and the Honorable Barry Porter. Li kewi se, these in terv iews would have been impossible without the assistance of the Rt. Hon. Merlyn Rees MP PC, who arranged these two insightful contacts for me. In Belfast my research was aided enormously through the efforts of Mr. Robert Bell at the Linen Hall Library, as well as by the helpful and ever-cheerful librarians at the University of Ulster at Jordanstown. -
Ulster Loyalist Perspectives on the IRA and Irish Republicanism James
University of Huddersfield Repository McAuley, James W. and Ferguson, Neil ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Ulster Loyalist Perspectives on the IRA and Irish Republicanism Original Citation McAuley, James W. and Ferguson, Neil (2016) ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Ulster Loyalist Perspectives on the IRA and Irish Republicanism. Terrorism and Political Violence, 28 (3). pp. 561-575. ISSN 0954- 6553 This version is available at http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/27270/ The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/ Us & Them Running Heading: US & THEM ‘Us’ and ‘Them’: Ulster Loyalist Perspectives on the IRA and Irish Republicanism James W McAuley (University of Huddersfield) Neil Ferguson (Liverpool Hope University) Correspondence concerning this article should be sent to James W. McAuley, Institute for Research in Citizenship and Applied Human Sciences, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Huddersfield, England, UK. -
Rebuilding Together
REBUILDING TOGETHER Connecting Boston, Massachusetts and Irish America with Northwest Ireland SPONSORS: CHARITY SPONSOR: Corporate Identity Guidelines Guthán/Tel: 074 9153900 | Facs/Fax: 074 9172812 | Ríomhphost/Email: [email protected] www.ccdhunnangall.ie www.donegalcoco.ie Diaspora Community Business Government The 12th annual Golden Bridges Conference and Awards will take place virtually on 20 November 2020 from our broadcast studio in the Guildhall, Derry. Our purpose is to build mutually beneficial links of community, culture, commerce and education across the Atlantic. Eastern Standard Time Irish Standard Time 8:30am Máirtín Ó Muilleoir, Publisher, The Irish Echo 1:30pm 8:35am Welcome to the Twelfth Annual Golden Bridges Conference 1:35pm Martin J. Walsh, Mayor of Boston (Invited) Cllr Rena Donaghy, Cathaoirleach, Donegal County Council Cllr Brian Tierney, Mayor of Derry and Strabane District Council 8:50am Dispatches/Teachtaireachtaí 1:50pm Lament for the Wild Geese performed by flutist Amy Gillen 8:55am A Connected Northwest, Strength in Alliances and Strategic 1:55pm Partnerships, INW a Unique Post-Brexit Opportunity, Bridge to UK and EU John Kelpie, CEO, Derry and Strabane District Council and John McLaughlin, CEO, Donegal County council in conversation with Jeananne Craig, Journalist 9:15am A Northwest Ireland Gateway through the Brexit Challenge. 2:15pm Introduction: Charlie McConalogue TD, Minister for Agriculture Chair: Paul McFadden, Broadcaster Sinéad McLaughlin, MLA, SDLP, Foyle Pearse Doherty TD, Donegal 9:50am Dispatches/Teachtaireachtaí. -
Loyalism Is a Form of Group Identity Based on the Idea of Loyalty to the Political Status Quo
Loyalism is a form of group identity based on the idea of loyalty to the political status quo. The status quo is typically an imperial order like the Spanish or British empires or the French ancien regime. Sometimes, as in the Spanish case, the term ‘royalist’ is used, while at other times ‘counter-revolutionary’ may be applied. What is significant from the point of view of nationalism and ethnic studies is that in some cases entire ethnic groups may define themselves through their loyalty to a monarch. In colonial situations, numerous ethnic groups like the Ambonese in Indonesia or Karen of Burma favoured retention of the colonial tie and were ‘loyal’ in this way. However, these groups did not rely on loyalty to the Empire as a prop of identity. In historical terms, use of the word ‘loyalist’ has therefore principally focused on those ‘British’ peoples who defined themselves through their loyalty to the British Empire in North America and Ireland. In the United States in the mid-eighteenth century, there was no movement for independence. The settlers, 98 percent of them Protestant and 80 percent deriving from the British Isles, were content to remain in the empire. They defined themselves as English-speaking Protestants who had won a victory for Britain in the Seven Years’ War of 1756-63 against the Catholic French and their Indian allies in North America. The sphere of battle covered present-day Canada (Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia) as well as the United States (New York, Pennsylvania) in one undifferentiated whole. George Washington played an important role on the British side.