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QUOTABLE QUOTE "It is clear that every promise made by Canada to Great Britain has been shattered."

- Grand Chief Phil Fontaine

See Page 3

May 10, 1993 Canada's National Aboriginal News Publication Volume I I No. 4 $1.00 plus G.S.T. where applicable

Signs of spring ea a n Trees are budding, birds are chirping and kids are outside loving every minute of it. Missy Derocher (left) and Danielle Pagett are strapping on their roller blades to take advantage of snow -free pavement and warm spring weather in Edmonton.

To receive Windspeaker in your mailbox every two weeks, just send your bill puts cheque of money order NWT rights at risk in the amount of $28 (G.S.T. By D.B. Smith would help safe -guard Native Tungavik Federation of any such agreement." Windspeaker Staff Writer rights in the act by ensuring that Nunavut to the panel three But representatives from the V nothing permitted under the weeks ago, Erasmus said. northern Native groups asked 150 E new legislation affected exist- "Nothing in the bill or any that the Conservative wording YELLOWKNIFE EDM TA ing or future land claim rights, land titles ordinance enacted by be withdrawn, Skelly said. Erasmus said. the Commissioner in Council of "They felt that the wording The absence of a protective But such protection was a Territory to replace the Land would be more restrictive. And clause in a new land titles bill abandoned when a seven -mem- Titles Act abrogates or derogates the federal government didn't NAME; could affect treaty rights and the ber legislative committee from any aboriginal or treaty want a non -derogation clause, future of land claims, northern charged with amending the bill right of the Aboriginal peoples so they withdrew it." Natives claim. failed to agree on the exact word- of Canada, including rights that As a result of the deadlock, ADORE The Dene Nation, the ing. may be acquired by way of land there will be no "substantial" Tungavik Federation of If passed, C -103 would re- claim agreements," the TFN's differences in the bill when it Nunavut, the Council of Yukon scind federal legislation govern- version read. goes back to the House for the Indians and the Metis Nation of ing the registration of land titles But the wording was voted last reading, Skelly said. the Northwest Territories peti- and hand such authority over to down 4 -3 by a conservative ma- The Dene and other north- tioned the federal government the Yukon and the Northwest jority of committee members, ern Natives are concerned that to include a "non -derogation' Territories. POSTA said New Democrat MP for the absence of a protective clause clause in the text of Bill C -103, It would allow the territorial Comox -Alberni and Aboriginal will jeopardize land claim nego- the Land Titles Repeal Act. governments' own land titles Affairs critic Bob Skelly. tiations by giving the territories legislation to come into force, The following week, the too much control over disputed "We wanted a non- deroga- giving them the right to register Conservatives proposed that lands. $.10 charge on all tion clause to recognize treaty land titles, an authority they are "nothing in this Act abrogates "We believe we own the gi NSF Cheques and aboriginal rights, to make it currently exercising in the name or derogates from any rights land," Erasmus said. "But this $40 for all subscriptions clear that this act won't reduce of the federal government. that now exist, or that may be will prevent us from making any our ability to get working trea- NWT 1 outside Canada liberal MP for acquired, by way of a. land interim steps. It will solidify the ties," said Dene Nation chief Bill Nunatsiaq, Jack Anawak, sub- claims agreement with any government's right to con: ,i the Erasmus. L J mitted a non -derogation clause Aboriginal people of Canada land." - PUBLICATION MAIL REGISTRA770N #2177 A non -derogation clause originally proposed by the or preclude the negotiation of SeeRights, Page 3. PAGE 2, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER News

rebuked Careers 14,15 Lonefighter's trial judge incidenf was not seri- TheCanad ian JudicialCouncil Canadian Alliance in Solidarity cided that the Economic Development to warrant a formal has reproached the judge who pre- with the Native Peoples over ous enough 10,11 investigation, which would have sided over the 1991 trial of Native MacLean's behavior during the 35 council members, activist Milton Born With A Tooth. trail. involved all director Jeannie Thomas News 1- 3,7,R1 -3,5,7 Three members of the coun- A letter to the Lethbridge - executive conduct committee based organization dated April 6 said. cil's judicial who dis- that Justice Laurie confirmed the panel's findings that The three justices concluded met by Our Opinion 4 MacLean did not conduct himself "Mr. Justice MacLean had displayed cussed MacLean's case appropriately in the trial that saw an insensitivity to cultural and reli- means ofatelephoneconferencecall she said. Their deci- Bom With A Tooth sentenced to 18 gious differences." in late March, Richard Wagamese 5 a few days later. months in jail on six weapons The panel also concluded that sion was released was not available for charges. MacLean "displayed discourtesy MacLean but he has admitted, in R4,5 Born With A Tooth, leader of a to defense council, characterized comment, Sports alliance's complaint, group of Peigan Indians known as evidence with unnecessarily response to the Milton Born With A Tooth during the the Lonefighter's Society, was colorful and meaningless epitaphs that he made mistakes Your Opinion 5 charged after shots were fired at later overturned MacLean's ruling, and, generally, did not conduct trial. MacLean also told the council RCMP officers at a protest at the however, and ordered a new trial. himself in an appropriate manner a semi- Oldman River dam project in Sep- The new date has yet to be set. for a trial involving sensitive and that he has since attended workshops on cultural tember 1990. The council's review came in cultural issues." nar and The Alberta Court of Appeal the wake of complaints filed by the The Ottawa -based council de- differences.

The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples held New Brunswick chiefs consider tax reforms threedaysof sessionswith businessmen, economic and By D.B. Smith gling with the province over the Tomah, Stewart Paul, Albert ment's position. development officers Intergovernmental Affairs representatives from Windspeaker Staff Writer issue of delivering goods to re- Levyand EverettMartin said they the want time to examine both of the Minister Edmond Blanchard said businesorganizations. The serves as a way of avoiding tax. Under the new tax law, on- province's latest offers before status Indians would not have to end goal of the National FREDERICTON reserve status Natives will be making their decision. pay the 11- per -cent tax as long as Round Table on Economic exempt from thé tax if the goods Natives across New Bruns - goods were bought, delivered to, Development and Re- The conflict over a sales tax are purchased on the reserve or wickreactedviolentlylastmonth used or consumed on reserves. sources is developing rec- exemption between on- reserve, have goods for use on the reserve to the province's March 31 The province hopes to generate ommendations on improv- status Natives and the province delivered there by the vendor or budget, in which Frank an additional $1 million per year ing the economic condi- of New Brunswick has momen- the vendor's agent. McKenna's Liberal government from the new tax law. tions of Native people. tarily subsided. The province offered two proposed to revoke the provin- The road blocks did not, See Pages 10,11. The chiefs of the Union of delivery options, said deputy cialsalestaxexemptionfromsta- however, come without a price New Brunswick Indians will not Minister of Intergovernmental tus Indians living on reserves. By tag. Provincial of ficials estimated make any moves until they have Affairs Donald Dennison. April 3, Natives across New repairs to provincial highways, thoroughly considered the pro- 'The first involves some kind Brunswick had begun mounting damaged by blockade bonfires blocks on provincial high - and redirectingheavy traffic onto Despite a provincial court vincial government's latest tax of proof of residency and status,' road residency ways and later on the Trans- secondary and service roads, declaring it un- reform offer, a union spokesman he said. "Proof of decision would be given at the point would $170,000. Solicitor constitutional, fish sellers "They've had a meeting with sale. The second is a kind of re- The blockades were disas- General Bruce Smith also said in southern Ontario con- the Minister of Finance," said fundsystemforoff-reservegoods sembled, however, after emer- thebill for policing services at the '41 tinue to follow a ban on Darrell Paul. 'They put the pro- consumed on reserves." gency meetings over the Easter blockades, which included over- selling fish caught by posal to the chiefs and the chiefs But the head of the Union of weekend between New Bruns - time for RCMP officers and re- Chippewas of Nawash and will consider it." New Brunswick Indians, Roger wick officials and the union ap- pair costs to damaged police ve- Saugeen bands. The ven- The union is currently hag- Augustine, and union chiefs Len parently clarified the govern- hicles, would run $350,000. dors fear the Ministry of Natural Resources, which issued the ban last year, Bill C -3 I Aboriginals find a political voice will fine them. Saugeen generation. To Chief Richard Kahgee re- By Dina O'Meara organizations in Alberta, says Calgary Metis Association, date the younger this, he proposes cre- sponds. Windspeaker Staff Writer founder Russel White. White, whose mother married a accomplish -Indian, reinstated in ating new bands, such as family, See Page R2. The Indian Association of non was Alberta represents people on re- 1985 to the Alexander Band. He's community or urban bands, re- EDMONTON serves, the Metis Nations serve not interested in moving back to gional or ancestral bands. the Metis, and the Native Coun- the reserve and he believes many White's first priority is to es- Aboriginals reinstated under cil of Canada represents non -sta- reinstated Aboriginals feel the tablish a membership of Bi Il C-31 M1 BillC-31 will haveapolitical voice tus Natives. Because of their same. Aboriginals. The association The Advertising to negotiate their rights in the mandates, Bill C -31 status Indi- "Why should I be forced to needs 1,500 members to be rec- voice. deadline for the near future. ans are often excluded. live on areserve ?I'm52yearsold ognized as a representative The Bill C -31 Association of "We're asking to be part of and I've lived in an urban setting For more information on the May 24th issue Alberta is an ambitious project the system, but with our own all my life," said White. Bill C -31 Association of Alberta, is Thursday, May created to represent the interests people doing the work," White White would like to see the contact Russel White at (403)476- of Aboriginals falling through the said. establishment of urban reserves 7959. Or write to him at 12713 -88 14, 1993. cracks of the three major political A former politician with the and new land bases to accommo- St., Edmonton, AB T5E 3G9. NATION IN BRIEF Native woman barred from debate will still lodge the complaint with the commission. katchewan holds Ottawa responsible for its dire A Native woman who says she was barred from enter- financial situation, the band's chief said. The band ing a Tory leadership debate in Calgary plans to file a Minister meets with Lubicons refused to accept its annual ceremonial treaty pay- complaint with the Canadian Human Rights Commis- Alberta's social services minister said he would discuss the ment, a symbol of the financial relationship be- sion. Vickie Crowchild-Aberdeen said she was thrown position of the Lubicon Indians with the provincial cabinet tween the band and the federal government. Chief up against a wall by a Progressive Conservative party following a meeting with the band's chief April 27. Mike Calvin McArthur cited unhonored treaties, paltry security guard when she tried the enter a meeting at the Cardinal met with Lubicon band Chief Bernard Ominayak funding from Indian Affairs and a general sense of Roundup Centre on April 30. The guard told her no and council members in Little Buffalo, Alberta at his own distrust as his reasons for rejecting the payment. Natives were allowed in, Crowchild -Aberdeen said. request The face -to -face discussion came over a month McArthur hopes the move will draw attention to Tony Hall, a professor of Native American studies at the after an independent reportinitiated by the provincial New the band's situation. Unemployment on the reserve University of Lethbridge and a witness to the incident, Democrats suggested the long -standing land claim dispute is high and people are starting to look for someone said he saw a woman being pushed and someone from be referred to a third party arbitrator like the United Nations to blame, he said. the Tory party telling her Natives weren't allowed. Tory Human Rights Commission. The NDP were pleased with party official Diane Colley- Urquhart described the inci- news of the meeting, said Alberta NDP MLA Barry Chivers. Saskatchewan land claim accepted dent as "unfortunate." Other party officials suggested, 'The provincial and federal governments owe the Lubicon Members of the Thunderchild Indian band, 100 kilo- however, that the woman had made up the whole story. fair compensation," he said. "I hope the recommendations metres southeast of Lloydminster, have overwhelm- Crowchild- Aberdeen said she was no t the only Native at of the settlement commission will provide the basis for ingly endorsed a land claim settlement. Band mem- the meeting. There were other Natives there who had furthering a speedyand negotiated settlement." Ominayak, bers will gain access to the mineral rights under tickets to getinbutwerealsousheredout,shesaid. "How who was in Brussels, Belgium speaking before the Euro- 38,000 acres of mineral -rich land, band spokesman can one of the guards at this debate tell us that no Natives pean Parliament, could not be reached for comment. Harrison Thunderchild said. The deal will also bring It's largest rre allowed ? " Crowchild -Aberdeen said. "Itwasa public in a cash settlement of $33 million. the forum." Police were called to investigate, but later de- Band blames feds for financial straits land entitlement settlement in Saskatchewan to date, Sas- Thunderchild said. ( lded not to lay charges. Crowchild- Aberdeen said she The Pheasant Rump First Nation in southeastern WINDSPEAKER, MAY I0, 1993, PAGE 3 News --1111111k Land .Act protested on Earth Day

By Amanda Heyman their protest and express concern Crowchild, rally organizer and Windspeaker Contributor that the leaders of the First member of the Tsuu Tina Nations were not acting with Nation. "Today we stand the best interests of all Natives together, otherwise we are going CALGARY at heart. to be faced with termination." The group wants Supporters of the proposed More than 100 angry people Aboriginals to realize that if the legislation, drafted by a B.C. attended a rally at the Harry legislation passes, it will not only group called the West Bank First Hayes Building in Calgary to result in taxation on Native land, Nations, say the act will expand protest the proposed Chartered but also a loss of treaty rights. treaty rights because it gives Land Act, to be introduced in Roy Littlechief of the Natives authority over their Parliament in June. Blackfoot Nation condemned land. They argue that the act Natives from four southern those First Nations leaders who would allow Natives to manage Alberta reserves rallied outside supported the legislation, the land themselves, without having the Indian Affairs Office on April first to be drafted by Indian to go through the Department of 22, Earth Day, to denounce the leaders. Indian Affairs. proposed law which they fear "We are going to lose our Potts, who comes from will leave reserves looking like a reserves if we don't come Hobbema, north of Calgary, patchwork quilt. together," he said. "Something said, "I really feel we -will lose Sarah Potts, rep resenting the has to be done." our land if this legislation passes, Coalition Against First Nations Members of the Tsuu Tina, just like in the United States." Genocide, told the crowd that Peigan, Stoney and Siksika She was referring to similar land an alarm went off when she first reserves attended the protest. All charter legislation in the U.S., heard about the proposed of the speakers called for Native which led to homelessness for legislation. unity to stop the proposed many Aboriginal groups "Our land, our rights - federal land law, and asked because they mismanaged everything is at stake," she said. protesters to sign the petition funds. When the time came to The coalition organized that was circulated. repay loans taken out on rallies across the country, "Our land is being taken mortgaged reservations, their Amanda Heyman choosing Earth Day to launch away from us," said Vicki lands were simply taken away. Members of four bands came together in Calgary on Earth Day to protest the government's proposed Chartered Land Act. Government's view overly optimistic Canada not fulfilling WINNIPEG The purpose of the document, however, was to give Native youth a more positive outlook, said The Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs has de- Jane Hagey, Director General of Management, In- constitutional promises information package released by the formation and Analysis for Indian Affairs. nounced an Aboriginal rights were Department of Indian and Northern Affairs "It was tobalance the picture," she said."In part for By D.B. Smith in the 1982 Consti- The department's Demographic Improve- the public, but in part for Native youth." Windspeaker Staff Writer embodied tution in Sections 25, 35 and ments in Reserve Life is full of incorrect informa- If Natives only hear negative reports about Section 25 was designed to tion, said assembly Grand Chief Phil Fontaine. reserve life, they are more inclined to adopt a 37. HILL, Man. Aboriginal rights from "The presents a disfigured view of negative view of themselves, GARDEN protect package effects resulting life on reserves and urban ghettos in Canadaand while the numbers are out of date, the report itself any adverse is not fulfilling its from the Canadian Charter. Manitoba," he said. "This is a classic case of must be viewed in a historical context. Canada "Things are get- part of the 1982 constitutional Section 35 constitutionally statistical ma- patriation bargain with the Aboriginal and nipulation by ting better," she guaranteed Crown where Natives are con - treaty rights of Indians. a federal cabi- "This is a classic case of statistical manipulation by a federal said. "They're not cerned, a British lord said. Morris' visit to the com- net minister to the existence of a redundant as good as any- cabinet minister trying justify has reneged on is- Hill April to jus- one around here Ottawa munity of Garden trying bureaucracy." -government hear presentations by tify the exist- wants it to be, but sues such as self 30 to treaty rights, said Lord Elders, chiefs and band mem- a re- - Phil Fontaine, Grand Chief, Assembly of Manitoba it's getting bet- and ence of British life in dundant bu- Chiefs ter." Michael Morris of the bers about Native Lords. only one of a se- reaucracy." The assembly House of Canada was "I'm very concerned that ries of face -to -face meetings The document, which was released last Febru- was also concerned that housing figures reported in 1982, in First Nations people. outlines several ways in which "substantial by Indian Affairs were overly optimistic. AMC our understanding with ary, regards to changes in the Peguis Chief Louis progress has been achieved in living conditions on figures show a 2,000 housing backlog in Manitoba Canada Bill, is not being im- Stevenson issued a warning to Canadian Indian reserves over the past several alone. that we in The chiefs also quoted a 1992 report by MP plemented with a will Morris during meetings years." were assured of at the time," he Stevenson said The most glaring example of Indian Affairs de- Larry Schneider, head of Parliament's Standing Winnipeg. Aboriginal peoples would "rise Fontaine said, were the figures on suicide Committee on Aboriginal Affairs, which show said. ception, Morris in Manitoba up" their situations rates. housing funds remain at 1983 levels. The report was unless for four last month at the soon. Gull Bay Chief The release reports suicide rates for status Indi- also said that of the 70,000 houses on reserves, days changed request the Assembly of Oliver Poile told Morris at an ans fell from 43 to 34.6 per 100,000 between 1982 and only half are adequate and suitable for living in of assembly earlier meeting in Thunder Bay 1986. and almost one -third of them are without clean Manitoba Chiefs, Bruce Spence the British government has an "Suicide by First Nations people are consist- water or sewage disposal. spokesperson said. The chiefs brought the obligation to take some respon- ently six times the Canadian average and Tom Indian Affairs reported, however, that 17 -year veteran of the British sibility for the agreements out- Siddon is telling Canadians the rate has dropped," more than 3,000 new homes were being built House of Parliament to Mani- lined in the Constitution. Fontaine said. every year and that 4,000 existing homes were toba to child welfare, Morris expects his final "In Manitoba alone, there were 160 First Na- being renovated "as quickly as possible." examine social conditions, self- govern- report to have little impact on tions suicides between 1988 and 1992 and the major- "I feel confident with the numbers, " said ment, justice and land entitle- either the Canadian or British ity of those were young men and women between Hagey. "Certainly there is a gap between Indians ments in the First Nations. governments. 24. In like such on reserves and the general population. But the ages of 15 and acountry Canada, Canada's patriation was Any positive changes to morbidity is unacceptable." we're trying to look at the big picture." contingent upon the protection the Third World living condi- of inherent Native rights, said tions faced by many Canadian NWT assembly Grand Chief Phil Natives will be the result of Fontaine. He hopes Morris will pressure from the "jury of pub- Continued from Page I. velopment. It does not grant any They are fuming over what present an lic opinion," he said. That control could include power to administer land. Erasmus called a lack of consulta- "Eleven years have gone Although he would not the sale of land and manage - "This transfer will have no tion. by," said Fontaine. "It is clear comment on his conclusions mentof renewable resources like effect on land claims," he said. "Our rights are recognized that every promise made by from the tour, Morris did say timber without consultation "What we are merely doing is and affirmed in court cases like Canada to Great Britain has he was pleased with the from Native groups, Erasmus ensuring there is a system in Sparrow," he said. been shattered." growth in awareness of Na- said. place for the registration of title "We were not involved in During negotiations in the tive issues in Canada. "This is a colonial situation and other interests, such as negotiations, we were not in- early 1980s, Morris was arie of "I've seen considerable and we are opposed to it," he easements." volved as witnesses when it was two members of Britain's changes since 1981, prior to said. "This is another step in the The new act would prohibit passed in the north." House of Lords who visited the Canada Bill," Morris said. move to provide power to the the registration of caveats The NWT government had Native communities in Mani- "The First Nations have be- territories without consent of our against unpatented Crown land, consulted with the Inuit, Dene toba. He later recommended come more organized since people. We will not surrender he said. and Metis twice by letter, said to the British government that 1981. For so many people, if our lands or rights." Northern Natives are con - Reid. Canada honor 19th century you don't know about the But the act is only a system of cerned, however, that the caveat Miles Pepper, assistant to the treaties between Queen Victo- problem, it doesn't exist. There registration, said Ross Reid, MP restriction would prevent them deputy minister of Justice in the ria and the First Nations as a has been an immense increase for St. John's Eastand Parliamen- from halting land registrations NWT, also said thatnorthem Na- condition of constitutional in the coverage of Native is- tary Secretary to the Minister of that infringe on Indian territory, tives were consulted about the patriation. sues." Indian Affairs and Northern De- Erasmus said. bill "a number of years ago." PAGE 4, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER Our Opinion Tory push of C- I03

AND 141A119 MAT may be a threat ONE F1NSNi£A -S0,1 1'9 OFF 7D CcAVBAKJN6 to Northern Natives MP I'M DPW .4. It may be spring time in Ottawa but it's definitely fall for the Natives in the north. As flowers push their way up through the soil in Parliament Hill gardens, the federal Tories are busy pushing a piece of questionable legislation through the House of Commons and Aboriginals are losing out in a big way. Bill C -103, the Land Titles Repeal Bill, is currently on the list for third and final reading in the House. This bill basically proposes to undo the existing federal Land Titles Act, which the territories are currently administering on Ottawa's behalf. The act provides a legal and administrative framework under which all land owners in the NWT and Yukon may register their interests in land. Applications are examined and scrutinized for outstanding interests and accuracy, and then recorded. Very simple. Bill C -103 proposes to repeal the federal act, thus allowing the territories to bring in their own legislation. Any territorial act would do much the same as the federal act did, but it's not that simple; C -103 has some other unnerving aspects. For one, the bill proposes to give the territories power that should only be reserved for the provinces. As many northern Cultural evolution a must for survival Native leaders have pointed out, that sets a dangerous prec- edent for further "devolution' of federal powers. Social evolution is inevita- Secondly, there is a clause in the bill that prohibits caveats ble in any group of people. We from being registered against unpatented Crown land. That adapt to the changes around means bands would not be able to put a stop order on court us without being consciously proceedings should they disagree with a land claim dispute. aware of the adaptations. The But the most disturbing aspect of C -103 has been the bill's social evolution that has oc- stealthy passage through the House of Commons. Both the curred in the last500 years was federal and territorial governments have said that Natives in the not necessarily by choice for North were alerted to the bill and had plenty of time to be our Native people. We have consulted. Ross Reid, Parliamentary Secretary to Indian Affairs been forced to adapt to foreign Minister Tom Siddon, said Native groups were consulted by standards that have been det- letter on two occasions. An NWT government spokesman wasn't rimental to the cultural base fested alternate lifestyles that this generation for a more com- sure exactly when those letters were sent, but he thought it might that was in existence. That affected the entire population, patible relationship with the have been sometime in 1988. doesn't mean that as individu- whether they be Native or oth- other people of Canada. Dene Nations Chief Bill Erasmus said the first time he heard als we must adopt the "white' erwise. The agricultural revo- We can survive as Native about the bill was through an Indian Affairs press release in mind style. brought advancement to people, as our Nativeness is- December 1992. Needless to say, that didn't leave much time for In response to Michael feeding the people, the indus- inside and we can retain our consultation. Kanentá s letter to the editor, I trial revolution produced ma- culture as individuals and still And when Native and federal officials finally got together to say, it is my opinion that as chinery and manufactured live within Canadian society. talk about protecting Aboriginal and treaty rights in the new act, Native individuals we main- items that eased everyday life, It's a little unrealistic to think no agreement could be reached. A non -derogation clause submit- tain freedom of choice, lifestyle, the technological revolution you could maintain a culture ted by the Tungavik Federation of Nunavut was voted down by mind style and the right to gave us technology. I suspect that existed hundreds of years a standing committee whose members were mostly Tory MPs. choose our mates from any cul- there aren't too many farmers ago; all cultures are subject to The Conservatives later submitted their own non -derogation tural denomination. Perhaps that are willing to sell the trac- evolution. Idealistic situations clause, but northern Natives turned it downbecause it was not we should encourage Natives tor and use the horse-drawn and reality are rarely one. comprehensive enough. In actual fact, there was not that much to marry Natives, but marriage plough, or too many manufac- The Elder's predicted that difference between the two, certainly not enough to require the is a matter of chemistry, not turers that will go back to as- there would be a resurgence of Tory veto. As a result, many northern Natives have taken the color. sembling with manual, time - culture with the seventh gen- position that the government didn't want the protective clause in Much has changed over the consuming labor. And sorry, eration. We are that generation the bill. There's little evidence to suggest otherwise. generations and many of these I'm not about to give up my and we are making changes. But protective clauses, standing committee votes and con- changes were beyond our con- computer for a typewriter. The strength to make those stant, aggressive lobbying by Native leaders cannot address the trol, In terms of "culture", there Michael, times have changes has survived from the real problem. The Canadian government has no understanding have been modifications that changed and the population has original inhabitants of Canada of nor concern for Native issues. And while some hope lies in the were necessary to survive in adapted to the changes. We can- hundreds of years ago. We Canadian populations newly -found awareness of Native is- the new environment created not physically go back in time have been robbed, killed, raped sues, Ottawa still consistently sets the limits of public pressure by the newcomers. Although to change the wrongs done to and exploited but we have by limiting what the public knows. modified, much of that culture us, so we endure and better plan maintained an integrity that And the relatively silent passage of Bill C -103 indicates that is reborn in this seventh gen- our futures. The alterations that strengthens our resolve to pre- Natives will continue to be at a disadvantage as long as Ottawa eration. the Native people are making serve our culture and our right has no interest in dealing honestly with our people beyond the In general, the revolutions in their lives to compensate for to live as we feel as individuals realm of the jury of public opinion. that Canada has faced mani- the past will take us through and as a nation.

law Linda Caldwell W C/i Noel McNaughton ri, EDITOR gy PRESIDENT Dina O'Meara O Joe Cardinal REGIONAL EDITOR A E, VICE PRESIDENT Vi David Smith Chester Cunningham NEWS REPORTER. (, Ethel Winnipeg . s4 TREASURER ® Rose Marie Willier PRODUCTION CO-ORDINATOR Joanne Gallien SECRETARY Windspeaker is published by the Aboriginal Multi -Media ACCOUNTS C) Harrison Cardinal Society of Alberta (AM NSA) every second Monday to provide Paul Macedo Dan McLean Carol Wilson information to the Aboriginal people. Windspeaker has a DIRECTOR OF MARKETING Lisa Ljevaja DIRECTORS circulation 43,000. of Windspeaker was established in 1983 RECEPTIONIST and is politically independent. Indexed in the Canadian Magazine Bill MacKay c, Advertisements designed, set and Index and indexed on -line in the Canadian Business & Current CARTOONIST produced by Tina Wood g_ Windspeaker as well as pictures, news cartoons, Affairs Database and Canadian Periodical Index, 35 mm microfilm: - CIRCULATION MANAGER o xTh editorial content and other printed material are the Micromedia, 20 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, MSC 2N8. Lori Rikley C.) C. property ofWindspeaker and may not be used without ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT the expressed written permission of Windspeaker 15001 - 112 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5M 2V6 Ph: (403) 455 -2700 1. or 800 -661 -5469 (/j Cliff Stebbings NE ALTA, SASK. MAN., ONT. Fax: (403) 455 -7639 W Laura Mould NE ALTA SASK, MAN, ONT, NWT MEMBERSHIPS o-1 Joanne Thibault '&C NW ALTA Native American journalists Association (NAJA) Publisher: Bert Crowfoot ., Alex Shearing S ALTA, a C, QUEBEC U.S National Aboriginal Communications Society (NACS) PUBLICATION MAIL REGISTRATION1l2177 WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE 5 Your Opinion Treatment of Lubicon "systematic exploitation" Dear Editor, by and witness the abuse of settlement, while pretending them (presumably to teach commission's recommendations, human rights currently taking that honest negotiations are them a lesson) is a betrayal of and to enter into honest, fair, and The Canadian Oblate Justice place in this country and taking place, is an abuse of trust. This has to stop! public negotiations on a nation - and Peace Commission, having remain silent. To destroy a power and thoroughly The recommendations to-nation basis with the Lubicon reviewed the final report of the people's way of life for dishonest. To reduce a once contained in the Lubicon people. Lubicon Settlement Commiss ion corporate gain is a heinous self -sufficient community to Settlement Commission's report Only then will Canada be of Review, is appalled by the crime. To then refuse to provide welfare dependence, and to offer, we believe, the means to a able to raise its head in the findings but applauds the them with the means to rebuild condemn the people to self - sol ution wi th d igni ty. To this end, international community as a recommendations. a suitable economy to replace destruction through suicide, we fully endorse all of the nation committed to upholding We are compelled to speak the one that was destroyed is drug and alcohol abuse and commission's recommendations. human rights and social justice out against the systematic unforgivable. To use the family violence, while at the It would be appropriate at this for all people. exploitation of the Lubicon greater power and virtually same time subverting their time for the federal and provincial people by both the federal unlimited resources of options by retroactive governments to announce to the Laurent Desaulniers government and the Alberta government to thwart any legislation, and the fast -track public their intentions to President, Canadian Oblate Justice government. We cannot stand attempts to reach a just creation of new bands around immediately implement the and Peace Commission, Quebec Mulroney government responsible Intact environment o Lubicon people essential to culture for sufferingbering f to Dear Editor, organizations have decided in of An letter to Prime Minis- ment implies, to 65,000 square ing around $1 million worth of collaborate the racist fraud open unceded ter Brian Mulroney. kilometres). The Lubicons oil from Lubicon territory As all eyes are riveted on white jurisdiction over agreed years ago to proposals every day since 1979; and that Oayquot Sound, the holocaust territory. Western Canada is Dear Mr. Mulroney, for a 243 -square -kilometre re- not a penny of compensation of unceded Qwa -Ba -Diwa Wilderness Committee serve; they simply wish to en- has been paid to the Lubicon territory in the Carmanah- currently soliciting $500 unabated. donations to adopt and name a I am a British citizen, cur - sure that their concerns about people, whose subsistence Walbran continues will tree, without the rently visiting Canada for a pe- wildlife management in the re- economy has been wrecked in Fletcher -Challenge soon Carmanah into the Cullite and consultation or consent of their I have maining 9,757 square kilome- the process and who now ex- build roads riod of some weeks. just time from friends back tres of ancestral territory will hibit the distressing gamut of Loganvalleys- thelastuntouched guardians since received, immemorial. While richly home in Britain and from oth- be taken into account by the social pathologies which have watersheds on southern Vancouver Island. cashing in on the name ers in Germany, copies of a Ca- government. become all too familiar in In- nadian government document Another of the document's dian country. The traditional tribal "Carmanah", nothing is done to lies is that the You and your ministers leadership of Qwa -Ba -Diwa has support the struggle to obtain concerning the Lubicon Lake the statement law. Nation's land claim. United Nations Humans Rights share moral responsibility formidable enemies arrayed justice under existing Indian seeks This document was sent out by Committee took the view that both for the sufferings of the against it The Tory and NDP Instead the committee multi- further alienation of Qwa -Ba- the Canadian High Commis- the federal government's Janu- Lubicon people and for the settler governments, Mac - Diwa lands into parks under sion in London and the Consu- ary 1989 offer to the Lubicons deliberate lies told to the Brit- national loggingcompanies in Dusseldorf. was fair and reasonable. The ish and German public by your Blo and Fletcher-Challange, and white jurisdiction. late recent by The weaves to- committee took the view that representatives in Europe. the co -opted puppet Native The decision document environmental groups gether distortion, omission and the process of negotiation with You should be aware that, "leadership" have all joined several -Ba- to accept $700,000 in funding falsehood into a tan- the government (not the con- although your consciences together to destroy the Qwa outright from the U.S./Pew family of gled web of outrageous men- tent of the government's deri- may have become dulled by Diwá s bid for sovereignty and Oil, with its well known dacity. sory offer) was the only hope the constant exercise of injus- freedom. Sun right - Among the lies that the for the Lubicons because they tice, the interests of your coun- The undamaged continuity links to the militant membership in the is the alle- would never get justice try are being hurt by the repu- of the environment is essential to including document contains Birch gation that the Lubicons are through the Canadian court tation which your government thecontinuityoftheircultureand white -supremacist John - nothing to 10,000 square kilo- system. is building abroad, a reputa- identity. Since Native, Society does now seeking the growing metres of land in addition to a These outrageous allega- tion for contempt for Cana- constitutional and international alleviate law recognize thatQwa -Ba -Diwa disillusionment with an elitist, 243 -square -kilometre reserve. tions are rendered even more da's First Peoples and for the frontierand and neo- colonialist The figure of 10,000 square kilo- toxic by the omission of sub- pristine wilderness of which is beyond their treaty racist non -Native environmental establishment. metres refers, as your govern- stantial matters of fact - for in- they were such exemplary the jurisdiction of ment knows, to the area of the stance, that oil companies op- guardians. govemmentand courts, theclear- Lubicons' ancestral territory. erating on unceded Lubicon cutting is ecocidal and genocidal. Peter Knighton theQwa- Ba -Diuu (The Lubicons do not claim land, in contravention of inter- Yours sincerely, It is regrettable that Speaker,Oficeof Aboriginal title, as the docu- national law, have been extract- Richard Solly mainstream environmental Hereditary Chief Baseball's a metaphor for Aboriginal life Tansi, ahnee and hello. and the swing of the bat. remember a very basic game - There's a certain amount of Anyway, it was then that the winning premise. If you're difficulty that arises from idea of baseball as a metaphor always swinging for the fences playing a game of baseball with came back to me. you sometimes miss the the enthusiasm of a 20 year old The Royal Commission on opportunity to just get on base. but using a 37- year -old body. Aboriginal Peoples is wending In baseball and in life it's singles You discover it on the field when its way towards Alberta. Soon it that win ball games more than the flyball you would normally will be our turn as Native grand slam home runs. have chased down with grace organizations, agencies and Right now, the Royal and dignity skims over your communities to express our Commission is the only game in head. Then you notice it the next sentiments regarding our town. Sometimes you have to morning as soon as you try to realities to this vaunted body. say that the Royal Commission fine points in the game because give up heckling when you're move. They, in turn, will record our is a hoax and that we've been they're too busy making a perturbed about the action, pick That's where I'm at this presentations and prepare a through this all before. There mockery of the players. up a mitt and get in the game. of the morning as I write this. The voluminous report to are those who claim that the Perhaps there is a certain I won't be part various aches, pains, cramps and government sometime within process is too selective and that truth to what they say. presentations to this commission stiffness keeping me company the next three years. those who really have a valid Certainly, Canada's aboriginal but I will be talking to those who today are vociferous reminders With the death of the reason to express their concerns peoples have been the object of are and expressing my concerns of yesterday's fun. national referendum last are being denied that a wealth of high-priced scrutiny about certain aggressive I've had an almost 30 -year October and the subsequent turn opportunity because the in the past and the present state realities. I will choose to believe love affair with baseball. There's by certain key national Native commission is operating under of action from our national that these representatives will still the passionate affinity for organizations away from the "by invitation only" method. representatives is more include my disenchantment in will the game I held at nine but it's Aboriginal self- govemmartand More voices say that three comatose than frenetic. After their reports and that they tempered these days by a more towards the nebulous arena of years is too long to wait. That the whirl of activity of the last be acted upon. And I will attend adult rationalism. I've gone healing, the Royal Commission what our communities need is decade this lull might seem hearings when they arrive. beyond the field of dreams and is the only game in town worth action and action now rather deafening. The aches and pains I feel come to recognize baseball as an the price of a ticket. than the going- through -the- In terms of the metaphor this morning aren't the greatest almost perfect metaphor for life In terms of the metaphor, motions routine of the Royal however, I choose to believe that things to endure. It's unpleasant every - Aboriginal life in particular. we're throwing the pitches and Commission. A cacophony of this is just the seventh inning to groan with each and It came back tome yesterday they're catching. voices with the echoes of their stretch. motion. But underneath all that while gazing in from my position Still, there are those out there futile referendum "yes" vote Maybe baseball is the is a glimmering of satisfaction in centre field. You can think the who bemoan the commission ringing in their heads. perfect metaphor for Aboriginal despite the agony. Because at most glorious thoughts while process. There are disparaging These are the hecklers in the life. Because in terms of current least, I was in the game waiting for the pitch to be thrown voices in our communities who stands. The ones who miss the political motions we need to Until next time, Meegwetch. PAGE 6, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER

Oki! lanai! Ah Neen! Kwe Kwe! Are you one of those kind of Na- tives who live only in the present? Ò Sometimeswhenyouareinacrowd PEOPLE PLACES Indian of people and amajor issue comes upaboutNativepeople,everybody by Ethel Winnipeg stops and looks at you. Then, peo- ple start to ask you questions that Country you've never really thought of be- fore. I find Aboriginal people like Community Events myself live only for the present, the almighty dollar and be a slave to something like a caterpillar going future is looked upon as when the time. through its stages, then in the end powwow season is on. You know, Longbefore, we marred these lands turning into a beautiful butterfly. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO INCLUDE YOUR EVENTS which powwow are we going to in harmony with nature and the First phase is getting to know the next... The past is used to teach the Great Spirit. basics of radio, introductions and FOR THE MAY 24TH ISSUE, IN THIS CALENDAR youth the experiences and knowl- We now live in a land that is ours getting the feel of the workplace. PLEASE CALL ETHEL BEFORE NOON WEDNESDAY edge that we learned through the but yet we are a foreign forgotten Second phase,youwillgointoyour trials of life. I find that when I race. to MAY 12TNAT 1 -800- 661 -5469, FAX (403) 455- start cocoon and start change. You to look into the future, I start to Wehaveretained themostimprtant will be given more work to do on 7639 OR WRITE TO: 15001412 AVENUE, worry for no reason. Headaches aspect, one that will never be taken. yourown,leamingeveryt ingfrom EDMONTON, A8., T5M 2V6 and wrinkles and gray hair start to We look at our heritage, our ances- production to assignments. Maybe appear. Next time, when you start tors and each of us prays in our own once in a while you will be able to to about next way NATIVE ELDERS SOUP & BANNOCK wony week or next because we are proud. do your own broadcasting. Ho! month, stop thinking, let it come Pride was given to us byour forefa- Third phase, you will be working Every Wednesday at noon when it may! thersbecauseoftheblood theyshed mostly on your own, given assign- 11821 - 78 Street, Edmonton, Alberta and the tears they cried. ments, doing your own original SOUP & BANNOCK (Tuesday) Heroes of our time We exist on pride, our heads held assignme nts.Duringthisphaseyou STEW & BANNOCK (Thursday) Ottawa,Ontario- TheAssemblyof high, undaunted by neither tech- will be given an evaluation from First Nations is honoring some of nology nor the Anglo race. the Director of Radio; it's more or Noon to 1 pm the prominent Natives of yester- less like a probation period when CNFC, Edmonton, Alberta year for post- secondary students. Shine on Radio you first get a job. The last phase is FIRST NATIONS LAND CLAIMS OPEN HOUSES There are seven of them.I will intro- Edmonton - An old friend of doing the job that most radio per- Pembrooke, Ontario - May 13, 1993 duce to you to three of them this Windspeaker 'dropped in not too sonnel do, but you have the train- Huntsville, Ontario - May 19, 1993 time. Tom Longboat, an long ago. He told me of this year- ing for every aspect of radio by Ononadaga from Six Nations long program Bancroft, Ontario June 2, 1993 the from CBC Radio. now. You will be a butterfly just - reserve, was the greatest long dis- This program is geared for three coming out of the cocoon. With all June 3, 1993 Ottawa, Ontario - tance runner in Canada and the students only! Or if you have a this training, I hope this doesn't 3RD ANNUAL NATIVE ADULT EDUCATION world. In 1906, he was discovered knack for radio and you have fin - turn you into a moth! CONFERENCE by a veteran runner and from that ishedhigh school atleast.The dead- May 12 -14, 1993 time on, he ran until he retired in line for applications is May 15, Good Luck Cowboy! Lethbridge, Alberta 1931. This award is for any First 1993. This cowboy was just wondering' Nations student who excels in the This program will expose if he in CONFERENCE stu- could put this good luck NATIONAL NATIVE LITERACY field of athletics. Tommy Prince dènts to all aspects of radio: re- wishforhisdad(Ihope). Heregoes. May 12 - 15,1993 fromtheBroke nheadBandinMani- search,writing,reporting,program .. To Mr. Henry Brertton of Saddle Thunder Bay, Ontario toba received the highest military buildingandtapeediting.Onething Lake, Alberta: Good luck on your VISION 2020; SELF -DETERMINATION IN NATIVE decorations for bravery, the Silver I do have to tell you is that two will Horsepulls at the Calgary Siam- EDUCATION Star and the Military Medal. be stationed in Edmonton and the pede,Red Deer Westem Days, and Tommy was an army spotter in the other in Cówtown (Calgary). This Klondike Days in Edmonton. Fmm May 13 - 15, 1993 Seond World War and brought program goes through four the little buck, Henry Brenton Jr. of North Bay, Ontario down heavy artillery fire on the metamorphical stages or phases, Saddle Lake. "IN HONOUR OF OUR ELDERS" GATHERING enemyattheriskofhislife.Hewore May 13 -16, 1993 the mantle of his grandfather, Wiggins Bay Camp, Canoe Narrows, Sask. Peguis,thefamousSaulteauxchief. This award is for any First Nations ANNUAL OPEN HOUSE DAY studentwho has excelled in Native May 16, 1993 studies. James Gosnell, "the father Prince of Wales N. Heritage Cenre, Yellowknife, NT of Aboriginal title;' was a heredi- NATIONAL YOUTH CONFERENCE tary chief of the Eagle Clan of the Nisga'a in British May 19 - 21, 1993 Columbia. He was a commercial fisherman be- Winnipeg, Manitoba forehedecided togetinto the politi- SENIOR MENS & LADIES N.A.I.G. ALTA cal field. He brought the Nisga'a VOLLEYBALL CHAMPIONSHIPS IandclaimuptotheSupremeCourt. May 21 - 23, 1993 He helped make legal history im- Saddle Lake, Alberta portant to all First Nations. He has keen an advocate of Aboriginal title AUDREY BAKEWELL POWER SKATING SCHOOL and rights. This award is for any May 21 - 24, 1993 First Nations student in the field of Edmonton, Alberta law. These three Aboriginal men YEAR OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES POWWOW have made an impact on First Na- CELEBRATION tions everywhere. It would be an honor and an incentive for any stu- May 29 & 30, 1993 dent going to college or university Saskatoon, Saskatchewan to win these awards. AB TREATY WAR VETERANS SOCIETY MEETING May 29 - 31, 1993 Pride in poetic form Forum Inn, Edmonton, Alberta This poemiscalled Pride fromTroy Pemell Adams. 3RD ANNUAL GOLF ABORIGINAL TOURNAMENT The sun paints the eastern sky a June 12 & 13, 1993 bright crimson, as we are rudely Pelican Golf & Country Club, Ft. Smith, NT woken from our sleep. ALEXANDER FIRST NATIONS TRADITIONAL It is then and only then that we POWWOW realize we are trapped within these four cold walls. June 18 - 20, 1993 Red brothers and sisters oppressed Alexander, Alberta bytechnoloK'andmisunderstand- JUSTICE & NORTHERN FAMILIES: 6TH ANNUAL ing from the race of Anglo. NORTHERN CONFERENCE OF N. JUSTICE SOCIETY Gone is our language, knowledge, June 19 - 23, 1993 our hope and most of all so is our Kenora, Ontario freedom. It is sad to see brave warriors and THE VOICE OF THE Introducing youtothree new Constables: Alma Schram(c), LAND IS IN OUR LANGUAGE, beautiful maidens, trapped. Darren Giroux(I) and Adam Morrison (r) all graduated into NAT'L 1ST NTNS ELDERS/LANGUAGE GATHERING Technology has given us drink to full service March 23 after nine rigorous months of police June 21 - 25, 1993 cloud our thought, a snake with training. Born in Fort Smith in the Northwest Territories, West Bay First Nations, Manitoulin Island, Ontario one fang to poison our blood and Schram graduated from grade 12 before taking special constable basic training with the RCMP. Giroux, a Cree 2ND ANNUAL GRAND CELEBRATION smoke to confuse our minds. POWWOW We are exposed to a cruel world from Edmonton. Alsoa grade 12 graduate, Giroux obtained June 24 - 27, 1993 where nothing is sacred, nothing is a Law Enforcement Diploma from Grant MacEwan Community College. who hails from Dawson Hinckley, Minnesota pure, the ways of our ancestors Morrison, Creek, B.C., his 12 before fading. obtained grade diploma coming POUNDMAKER /NECHI ANNUAL POWWOW to Edmonton. He studied Education at the University of July 2 - 4, 1993 Technology has taught us to take Alberta for three years, where he was also played for the St. Albert, Alberta everythingforgranted,worship the Golden Bears. WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE 7 News ---'111, Aboriginal languages in peril - commissioner

By D.B. Smith by ensuring that all Canadians spoken and does not appear to be liament and the Senate, ing Native languages, however, Windspeaker Staff Writer can access government services in danger.q ibway is wide- spread Goldbloom wrote to Prime Min- is money. The federal govern- in either English or French. also. But we should still make ister Brian Mulroney, urging the ment currently funds Native Ian- But he's also concerned that some effort, as a society, to show PM to take immediate action in guage ed uca tion through the De- EDMONTON Native languages in Canada are respect to our Aboriginal broth- preserving Native languages. partment of Indian Affairs and in peril because not enough is ers and sisters. I'd like to see these "But realistically, we won't Northern Development. In 1992 / VictorGoldbloomknowsthat being done to preserve them. Of languages get heritage status." get 20.5 million Canadians to 93, DIAND reported spending a guarding Native languages is be- the 53 Aboriginal dialects cur- Attaining heritage status speak an Aboriginal language. total of more than $636 million yond his mandate. Or even his rently identified as living lan- won't, however, be easy thing. The term 'heritage languages' is dollars on Native elementary, control. guages, as many as 50 are in dan- Goldbloom knows that achiev- used in ano ther context. Aborigi- secondary, and post -secondary But Canada's Commissioner ger of disappearing within one ing "official" status is out of the nal languages are not of identical education. Projected forecasts for of Official Languages believes he or two decades, Goldbloom said. question because there is no pos- statuswithUkrainianorChinese. 1993/94 put that figure up over must at least make an attempt to Part of the problem lies in sibility that the federal govern- They deserve special heritage sta- $676 million. recognize the importance of such the fact that only the older mem- ment will serve Canadians in an tus. Butmoneyisnotenough,said rich cultural treasures or risk los- bers in some Native communi- additional 53 languages. Goldbloom said his motiva- Goldbloom. ing them forever. ties speak their respective lan- "We have to make a distinc- tion in all of this lies in his respect "People will die and lan- 'I don't have a mandate to do guages. tion when using "official" - it is a and a sense of responsibility for guages may disappear. The time it," said Goldbloom during a visit 'if only the older members of pitfall," he said. "French and Eng- Native culture. factor must be taken into ac- to Edmonton. "My mandate re- a community retain fluency, and lish are official, and by using "It seems to me that we do count. Preservation won't hap- fers only to English and French. I they die out before measures are them, we can reach 96 per cent of not do a good job of teaching the pen because of good will or am, strictly speaking, stepping taken to teach the language, the the population. All Aboriginal history of this country. When pride. Preservation is not suffi- beyond the bounds of my man- language will disappear." languages put together cannot Jacques Cartier set foot in Gaspe cient in itself. The creation of an date in talking about Aboriginal It is therefore urgent, he said, reach a high proportion of Cana- in 1534, the only languages being institution would be no more languages. But if I limit myself to to begin recognizing the impor- dians. So we need to recognize spoken were Aboriginal lan- than a repository where lan- the strict defmition,.I would be tance of Native languages now, Aboriginal languages as part of guages. And that gives them a guages would be preserved. We making less of a contribution and while the speakers are still alive to our heritage for much longer than different status from any other need a broadly based resource missing an opportunity." pass on their heritage. French and English. They need language. It seems to me to be for teaching languages. Human As language commissioner, "Recognizing and preserving to be special heritage languages time, urgently time, to show our and financial resources are Goldbloom has worked for the Aboriginal languages is an ur- of Canada." support to these people who needed. That's asking for a fair past 21 months promoting the gent necessity. Inuit is strong Shortly after his election to came before." amount but if we don't make a country's two official languages enough to survive. Cree is widely the commissioner's seat by Par- The bottom line in preserv- start, we'll be too late." Band angling International to reopen Year of Indigenous Peoples casino A Royal Salute REGINA Conflict between Aboriginals and Saskatchewan . , w, At Royal Bank, we have a special commitment to the First government officials over on- reserve gambling appears to be Peoples of Canada - both as valued customers and as valued mem- on the decline. White Bear band officials bers of our Royal Bank team. have suggested a joint casino Carlyle Fa venture with the We opened the first full -time branch on a reserve in 1991 Exhibition Associationwhile the matter of gambling jurisdiction ready native people with a wide range of financial and are to serve is decided in the courts. Carlyle is the closest community to the products and services. Our senior managers are available at all White Bear Reserve, located 200 kilometres southeast of Regina. i times to discuss particular banking requirements and to provide The band ran its own casino , )r. advisory services. on the reserve for nearly three ? weeks in March before RCMP Through university and college educational awards and raided the facility, confiscating l ^f ' 115 video lottery terminals, slot t A summer employment programs, we continue to reach out to young machines, blackjack tables and $100,000 in profits. Three band Native Canadians who are interested in a banking career. We will members, including Chief / Bernard Shepherd, were provide the training and skills development programs that will charged with keeping a common \fN gaming house. _ _ enable them to move into management positions. The band's proposal to run a casino in conjunction with the We are proud to be a corporate sponsor of the "1993 North local exhibition association is WO` designed to allow the Bear Claw American Indigenous Games" Casino to reopen while still AT ROYAL BANK YOU'LL FIND operating within existing ail in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan provincial legislation. The province will consider and we salute the United THE FACES OF CANADA ON the deal as long as it follows Nations for declaring this government gaming policies, BOTH SIDES OF THE COUNTER! said Provincial Gaming year the "International Year Commission Minister Eldon Aga Lautermilch. of Indigenous Peoples ". Royal Bank is proud to contribute to a The latest agreement between the band and the renewed spirit of understanding and cooperation. province comes after weeks of talks between provincial officials and Saskatchewan Federation of 1 Indian Nation's representatives. 731 ROYAL BANK Provincial officials had earlier refused to talk with any White Bear Band representatives. But federation head Roland Crowe insisted any talks would have to include band members. PAGE 8, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER Just call me Indian, baffled writer pleads Well, I'm evidently severely lated Indian? I'm not finished yet. ... there's also another school of thought that says OPINION mistaken in having responded to Columbus There are the wannabes (the that term for the past 29 years. No was so impressed by the generosity and genuine nature of the white variety), the apples (the red By Drew Hayden Taylor doubt an oversight on my part, Native population of the Caribbean that he wrote back to Spain variety), the half -breeds, mixed Windspeaker Contributor and that of my entire family and bloods and, of course, the ever - saying these people were "of the body God" - reserve, not to mention the vast of or, in Spanish, popular full bloods. majority of the country. "corpus in deo. " In deo equals Indian. My personal favorites are what SIX NATIONS RESERVE, Ont. While we were growing up Icall the Descarteslndians: "I think we were all proud to be "Indians." Caribbean that he wrote back to That's nothing compared to Indian, therefore I am Indian." The other day, I, a reasonably The word had acertain power to it Spain saying these people were the selection of names and cat- Get the picture? Right- there well -educated man of the ever- that set us aside from the white "of the body of God" - or, in Span- egories available to the original are a couple of dozen separate more- complex nineties, made a kids. (Or should I say children of ish, "corpus in deo." In deo equals inhabitants of this country. And names for our people. Where does tremendous political and social occidental descent ?) Indian. A pretty thin link, but who these names or classifications it all stop? Iwanttoknowjustwho faux pas: I referred to myself and Somehow the cry of "Proud to knows? I know some Indians with have nothing to do with any keeps changing the rules. other people of my ethnic back- be Indigenous Population" just God -given bodies. tribal affiliations - they're just Even I get confused some- ground as "Indians." doesn't have the same ring. But a person in my position generic names used to describe times. That's why I usually use the Oh, the shame of it. You could Or picture this: You arrive doesn't have time to defend him - us "Indians." term Indian. I'm just too busy or hear the gasp echo across the room. thirsty in some new town, and you self with theoretical history. Since Grab some aspirin and let me too lazy to find out which way the It was done, I assure you, with ask the first 'skin you see, "Yo, my faux pas, I've been too busy give you some examples. political wind is blowing, or to the most innocent intention, but neeches, where's the nearest First handling the deluge of politically We'll start with the basics: sta- delve deeply into the cultural/ nevertheless, I was sooncastigated Nations Bar ?" Sorry - just doesn't correct terms I am permitted and tus, nonstatus, Metis. So far, pain- governmental background of by both my brethren and, in my work for me. urged to use. less. I guess next would come the whomever I'm talking or writing humble opinion, the overly politi- I guess at 29 I'm out of date. It must be obvious to most already mentioned Indian, fol- about. By the time I go through all cally sensitive members of other Oh, I understand the reasoning people that in the past few years, lowed by Native, Aboriginal, In- the categories, I've missed my cultural groups. And the white behind the hubbub. Columbus, as Native people in Canada have digenous and First Nations. Pay deadline. Then I become an unem- people. a member of the European Cauca- gone through an enormous politi- attention, there's going to be a test ployed Indian. Needless to say, in these politi- sian nation, thought he found In- cal metamorphosis, similar to that afterward. From there we can go But I know what you're think- cally correct times, I was inun- dia and so on. of people of African descent. Years to "on- reserve" "off- reserve," ur- ing. Why should I listen to this dated by these same people with That's cool, but there's also ago they used to be called nigger, ban, treaty. guy? What the hell does he know? criticisms about the use of such an another school of thought that says then Negro, then colored, then Got a headache yet? How He's probably just some status, outdated term. "We're /You're no Columbus was so impressed by black and finally, today I believe about the enfranchised Indians, off -reserve, urban, Native, Abo- longer called Indians!" I was told the generosity and genuine nature the correct term is African- Ameri- the Bill C -31 or reinstated people, riginal, treaty, half -breed Indian. over and over again. of the Native population of the can of African -Canadian. the traditional Indians, the assimi- Well, this week, anyway.

Supports For Independence WHY BE LEFT OUT? A message from Ali 1 Mike Cardinal 1 '¡.i I recently announced my three year plan for welfare reform in 'Alberta. \\I ,, These reforms will help Supports for Independence (SFI) clients to get work or to be better prepared for the job market. I am confident this plan will also give SFI clients new training opportunities and remove disincentives for them to work and train. If you want more DON'T MISS OUT information about these changes, please call ON ALL THE NEWS, INFORMATION AND 427 -4801. For toll -free access outside the Edmonton ENTERTAINMENT dialing area, consult your local telephone directory BECOME A WINDSPEAKER SUBSCRIBER under Government of Alberta for the listing of the HERE IS MY CHEQUE OR MONEY ORDER FOR $28 (INCLUDES G.S.T.), PLEASE RITE operator and ask ENTER MY NAME TO WIN PRIZES AND SEND MY NEW SUBSCRIPTION TO: for 427 -4801. Together we can make NAME: a difference! 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Prizes must be accepted as awarded. The decision of the contest committee will be final. TO ADVERTISE speaker IN WINDSPEAKER CALL: I- 800 -66I -5469 OR FAX: (403) 455 -7639 piéa-speaker story that affects your community? Send us a letter c/o Dina O'Meara, regional editor. Taxation, Land Act protested at Earth Day rally By Janice Duncan onstration were concerned Windspeaker Contributor with three basic issues: taxa- tion on and off the reserve, privatisation of reserve land, TORONTO and the transfer of First Na- tions issues from federal to More than 250 people gath- provincial jurisdiction. ered at the offices of the On- Status Indians in Ontario tario provincial government are not required to pay PST on Earth Day to fight for treaty or GST now but that depends and aboriginal rights. on the willingness of retail- The protest, organized by ers to honor status cards, said Toronto's Native Canadian Trish Roman, spokeswoman Centre and attended by dif- for the Native Canadian Cen- ferent Native organizations tre. focussed on First Nations right "People have always re- not to be taxed by the Cana- sented the fact we don't pay dian Government, on or off taxes. But they don't realize it reserves. was agreed upon a long time "Our relationship with the ago that it would be that way," government is defined, "said Roman said. Richard Kahgee, chief of the Alan Redway, vice -chair Chippewas of Saugeen, who of the House Committee on attended the rally. "We are two Aboriginal Affairs in Ottawa, sovereign nations that don't said there is no recommenda- pay taxes to each other." tions for reserve land to be Shouting "no Tax" demon- privatized. strators rallied outside "There was a study with Queen's Park for hours, with respect to housing," said groups drumming, singing Crowds rallied during Earth Day celebrations in Toronto to protest issues infringing on Redway in an interview. Aboriginal treaty rights. and carrying placards. Later "There are difficulties on re- in the day speeches were made serves in financing construc- vincial government stems federal government is in con- or proposal in front of the gov- from the steps of the govern- tion of homes and we recom- from the recent confronta- trol, it's universal, but if it's ernment right now concern- ment building. mended the whole system of tions in New Brunswick provincial...that's the direc- ing the taxation issue. "Mother Earth Day for us financing be studied but when that government tried tion they're moving in and Maureen Bulbrook of is everyday," Cliff Summers, there was no recommenda- to tax status Indians off re- they're going ahead on this Hamilton attended the after- executive director of Toron- tion about privatisation. We serve, a decision which was without feedback from the noon demonstration to protect to's Aboriginal Legal Services want to make it possible for later revoked. Native people." her rights. told the crowd. "This is how people on reserves to obtain "They want to make the Redway said there has "In our treaties they've we define who we are as a mortgages to fund the con- Native people the responsi- been government efforts to stated the Native people are people - through our connec- struction." bility of the province instead talk to Native organizations not to pay taxes," she said. tion to the earth." And the concern about of the federal government," on the subject of taxation, but "Why should we give up some- People attending the dem- transfer of power to the pro- said Roman. "As long as the he is not aware of any bill, act thing that is our right ?" Court upholds treaty rights to fish commercially By Dina O'Meara agreement that has been ig- tists, as well as working with that anglers and non -Native more act in the government's Windspeaker Staff Writer nored too long. The decision neighboring communities. commercial fishermen have in relentless incursion of also sets a precedent for other fact been favored, and that the Ojibway rights since the First Nations," said a jubilant Opposition groups allocation of quotas to the 1800's, said band lawyer SOUTHAMPTON, Ont. Saugeen Chief Richard But the bands face stiff oppo- Chippewas of Nawash, much Peggy Blair. In-1960 fishing Kahgee. sition from powerful lobby less the Saugeen Ojibway as a quotas were imposed, re- A landmark ruling in the With the recent judgment groups in the province. The whole, did not reflect any rec- stricting Native harvest Ontario provincial courts has upholding Aboriginal treaty Ontario Federation of Anglers ognition of their constitutional while encouraging sport ratified Native rights to fish rights to fish for commerce, and Hunters has followed a entitlement to priority over fishing. By 1984, the Nawash for trade and commerce. Saugeen First Nations nego- strong campaign against rec- other competing user groups." band was limited to harvest- On April 26 in Toronto, tiators anticipate the ministry ognition of Native hunting and The judgment reiterating ing 4,500 kilograms of fish, a Judge David Fairgrieve exon- will lift the ban and negotia- fishing rights, both through Native rights puts bands one total approximate income of erated two Nawash Chippewa tions can continue between the their federation newsletter step closer to self government approximately $20,000 for 15 fishermen from charges laid two camps. and in media releases. Other and co- management agree- fishing families. The quota in 1989 of selling fish over their "This represents an oppor- opposition groups include ments with provincial govern- represented a severe cut from licensed quota. In his decision, tunity to get involved in a com- tourism operations and com- ments, said a Nawash fisher. the 18,000 to 27,000 kg previ- Fairgrieves upheld Aboriginal munity action that has been mercial fisheries lobbies. As "The ball is in our court ously harvested. The Saugeen treaty rights to fish commer- denied to our people for cen- these groups generate large now," said an optimistic Chief band had never been granted cially, acknowledging Native turies," said Kahgee. "We will revenues and spin -off service Ralph Akiwenzie. "A lot of our a commercial fishing licence. history of trade and barter. interpret (the judgment) and industries in Ontario, they rights are being eroded. Fairgrieve commented Fairgrieves also ruled un- work through the process with wield an economic clout the Through this legal experience, that the 1984 quota was arbi- constitutional a ban imposed existing users, that is, Native Native community lacks, said we have learned a lot and it trarily and politically moti- by the Ontario Ministry of fishers, commercial fisheries Kahgee. has empowered us," he said. vated, being made without Natural Resources on the sale and sports fisheries." ''It causes me concern as chief Restrictive fishing with "to- any biological basis. The es- of fish caught by Nawash and The first step in the proc- where third party intentions tally inadequate" quotas im- tablishment of sports fisher- Saugeen fishermen. The 1992 ess is to assess community have much influence on provin- posed by the government were ies in the area, breeding and ban is in breach of Native needs and priority allocation cial policies,' said Kahgee. attacking the band's identity releasing hybrid trout, ap- treaty rights, Fairgrieve de- of fishing rights, Kahgee said. Fairgrieves agreed. In his and culture, Akiwenzie said. peared to influence the min- clared. This will be achieved by work- decision, the judge wrote " istry's decision to limit Na- "This is recognition by the ing with marine biologists and Scrutiny of the government's Quota arbitrary tive fishing, the judge added. province of a long- standing other environmental scien- conservation plan discloses The ban was just one See related story, Page R2. PAGE R2, MAY 10, 1993, REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER Central Canada Central Briefs )---- Judgement on fishing Oka shooting not planned The shooting death of Const. Marcel Lemay at the start of the Oka crisis was not part of a planned assault, said a Mohawk spokesperson. Ellen Gabriel said any Mohawk who fired on not affecting ban police during the Oka standoff acted individually. She gave testimony at the inquest into the death of Lemay being held in Montreal. The Quebec provincial police officer died of a bullet By Dina O'Meara wound on July 11, 1990 during a police raid on a Mohawk Windspeaker Staff Writer a planned condo development and "We have recognized rights. barricade set up to protest golf club expansion on reserve land. Gabriel testified the We're prepared to advise (fish consensus was to allow police to tear down the barricade rather Ont. TOBERMORY, sellers) they're duite within the than fight back. Violent confrontation against the police would have been insane in view of their superior arsenal; she said. Fish merchants in the Cape law tO pJ rchase ou r fish an d sell Croker area aren't convinced a it." Mohawk byelection denied court decision upholding Na- - Saugeen Chief Richard The Mohawk Council at Akwasasne will remain unchanged tive fishing rights is enough to .Kahgee following a federal injunction halting a byelection in April. The ignore a ban on selling Aborigi- election was called by the council itself to break a feud stale -, nal catch. mating reserve business. The Federal Court of Canada granted The April 26 decision ruled a the injunction until a full hearing can be held on the legality of provincial government ban on the byelection. The 12- member council is split between sup- selling fish caught by Saugeen won't buy fish from Aboriginal "We will have to sit down with porters and opponents of Grand Chief Mike Mitchell. Three and Nawash Fishers unconsti- fishers, although he has a good all the parties involved, the gov- years ago council became divided in over the issue of casino tutional. working relationship with ernment, commercial fishermen, gambling in the territory, which Mitchell opposes. Akwasasne But the Ontario Ministry of many. and the bands, to work this out." straddles Ontario, Quebec and New York State. Natural Resources has yet to re- "I don't want to go to court. It However, she does not an- spond to the lower court ruling costs time and money," said ticipate a speedy resolution of Indian liaison unit formed and fish sellers are uncertain Raney. He already had to close the selling ban. Toronto now has an Aboriginal peacekeeping Unit, designed how to proceed. shop for a day to appear as a "Although the issue of com- to improve relations with the city's 60,000 Indigenous people. "(The ministry) has our witness in the Toronto courtcase. mercial licences is a big part of Sgt. Bob Crawford, an Algonquin from the Ottawa area, heads hands tied," said fish monger A government representa- this, there are many other things the unit. Crawford served as the Metro police Native liaison Wayne Raney. The Tobermory tive said in order to sell fishcom- involved. You can't work this officer during the past three years. Local groups are supportive shopkeeper is waiting for word mercially, fishermen must have out overnight." of the new unit, which they say should help bring the police from the Ministry of Natural a commercial licence. And, be- Chief Richard Kahgee of the force closer to a community wary of people in uniform. Resources lifting the ban before cause of conservation concerns, Saugeen Nation disagrees with resumingbusinesswithSaugeen there are no licences to be had. Hnatiuk's assesment of the situ- Chief wants referendum and Nawash fishermen. ation. The Grand Chief of the Kanesatake Mohawk reserve in the Oka Raney was among area fish Review needed The Saugeen chief repeated area wants to submit his leadership to a referendum this merchants obeying a govern- Rosemary Hnatiuk, spokes- that the courts have declared the spring. Chief Jerry Pelletier called on his community to pass ment ban on selling trout caught person for Minister Howard ban unconstitutional, and the judgement on his leadership in the proposed vote after allega- by the Ojibway bands. Hampton, added the depart - provincial department must fol- tions of band funds being misappropriated surfaced in April. mentwill be reviewing the deci- low up on the judgment. Pelletier has been accused of running up a deficit by using Official word sion before taking any steps to "Irrespective of the interpre- money earmarked for educational programs into community Each merchant received a lift the ban. tation of Mr. Hampton's office, patrols monitoring provincial police activity on the reserve. personal letter last from the 'The government has 30 days the law is the law. We have rec- But Pelletier claims the $388 million accumulated deficit is due ministry informing them of the to appeal the decision. If it ognized rights. Were prepared to mismanagement by previous band councils which gov- ban. stands, interpreting the decision to advise (fish sellers) they're erned Kanesatake before the 1990 Oka crisis. He said a private And until he gets official would determine how this issue quite within the law to purchase firm would be hired to conduct such a referendum. word lifting the ban, Raney will be resolved,' said Hnatiuk. our fish and sell it," said Kahgee.

PRAIRIE LEATRERCRAFT \VII\ DSPE[1KEQ IS... OI\Tt1RI0 BEADS & LEATHER i SUEDE OTHER CRAFT FUR SUPPUES SOUTHEAST RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL 224 -2nd Ave. South Saskatoon, Sask. S7K 1K9 APPLICATION FOR EDUCATIONAL SPONSORSHIP I EADLINES APPLICATIONS (IN SOUTHEAST OFFICE): Windspeaker is:.. Ontario JUNE 15

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Iñternátional 2. UCEP: UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE PREPARATION H O T E L O F C A L G A R Y UNIVERSITY PREP: GRAD 12 ONLY INSTITUTIONS: U OF W COLLEGIATE ALL SUITE HOTEL" OR WPG. ADULT EDUCATION CENTRE COLLEGE PREP: R.R.C.C., A.C.C., K.C.C. OR OTHER COMMUNITY COLLEGES SPACIOUS 1 OR 2 BEDROOM SUITES DINING ROOM & LOUNGE 3. O.S.T.: OCCUPATIONAL SKILLS TRAINING TRADES: T.V. ELECTRICAL, CARPENTRY, HAIRDRESSING, REMOTE CONTROL PRIVATE PILOT LICENSE, COVERED PARKING UPGRADING TO GRADE 11 250 DELUXE SUITES AND OTHER SHORT TERM COURSES EXERCISE EQUIP. & SAUNA FOR APPLICATIONS, CONTACT YOUR LOCAL HOME/SCHOOL CO- ORDINATOR INDOOR POOL & JACUZZI OR COFFEE MAKERS SENIOR COUSELLOR "LOCATED IN THE HEART OF DOWNTOWN" STUDENT SERVICES, S.E.R.D.C. 265 -9600 201 -511 ELLICE AVENUE 220 - 4th AVE. S.W. Calgary, Alberta WINNIPEG, MANITOBA R3B 1Y8 PHONE: (204) 477-8050 Dial Toll Free 1- 800 -661 -8627 REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE R3 Central Canada Post -Oka crisis package on the road

By Stephanie O'Hanley 1992. Put on by Kahnawake tional Longhouse are wary of Windspeaker Contributor Shakotiia' Takehnhas Commu- the elected band council, which nity Services, the program in- they view as an arm of Indian volved psychologists, social Affairs, and are skeptical about KANASATAKE workers and other profession- the project because the council als working to help community is involved. After a three year delay, a members overcome problems "It's a foreign political sys- program to heal the wounds with stress. tem, not a Six Nations Confed- left by the 1990 Oka Crisis is At Akwesasne, $1.2- million erate system. If you're a tradi- finally getting off the ground at in federal funds led to the im- tionalist, a true Mohawk, you'll Kanesatake. plementation of Sken Nen stick to your traditionalist sys- Breaking all Barriers, a $1.5- Kowa, a conflict resolution cen- tem" said a man who wished to million project funded jointly tre, from October 1990 to the remain anonymous. The man by the federal government de- spring of 1992. Established to questioned whether hiring an partments of Indian Affairs and address divisions over casino aboriginal person to run the pro- Health and Welfare, is slated to gambling, the centre studied gram would make a difference. begin this month and run three conflict resolution techniques "The money is going to the years. and offered programs and ac- Mohawk council. They don't The program's goals are to tivities to members from differ- understand traditional beliefs. restore a sense of community, ent factions to find ways of re- The fact that the person is native rebuild bonds between families solving problems together. is not enough; it has to be more and clans, and establish better But while sister reserves got than plugging a hole." relations between natives and funding, community divisions Wanda Gabriel, a tradition- non- natives. delayed the setup of a program alist who was partofKanestaké s Kanesatake council Chief at Kanesatake. The Kanesatake military liaison team during the Michelle Lamouche shares re- Emergency Measures Commit- Oka Crisis, thinks Mohawks sponsibility for the program tee, a non -political entity, origi- have every right to federal with council Chief Sheila nally conceived the project for money. "Any monies made to Jacobsen. Lamouche said they the Joint Services Council and native government, monies for will look for an Aboriginal per- the Mohawk Council in fall education, monies for healing - son to head the program. 1990. it's our right to receive these "Our first goal is to get na- According to Lamouche, an monies because of use of our tives (healers), then we look interim council appointed after land. We have to forget it around for non -natives that the Oka crisis voted the healing (money) comes from the federal A federal and provincial aid package to deal with the emotional have worked in positions giv- project down. But a new band government and turn it around aftermath of Oka will kick in on Kanesatake this summer. ing help to native people," he council, led by current Grand to our benefit." said. Chief Jerry Peltier and elected Gabriel called the program A coordinating committee in June 1991, supported the long overdue. But opposition to with representatives from In- project. By this time, says the program does not surprise dian Affairs, Health and Wel- Lamouche, Kanestake band her. "I don't know if it will heal fare, the Kanesatake band coun- councilors and other repre- everybody. There will be people SEARCH/RECI1ERCilE cil and Joint Services Council sentatives had to convince from all camps. If there's one per- BiRTh PARENTS/BI0L4OUE will oversee the program's fi- Health and Welfare officials the son from each group who can nances to ensure original goals project was still necessary so benefit from the program, it will are met. long after the crisis. have done something," Gabriel BORN /NEE Similar programs arrived at Many at Kanesatake would said. other Mohawk communities agree with council Chief J. Lamouche is equally optimis- soon after the Oka Crisis. At Robert Cree that "every person tic. "If you reach one person, that's DEANNE EMILY GALLANT Kahnawake, Reopening the has psychological problems on one person. They may pass what Bridges, a $552,417 federally - account of the crisis ", but reac- theyknow to others. That's where funded outreach program, ran tion to the program is mixed. the healing starts. We're confi- JANUARY /JANVIER 4, 1958 from March 1990 to September Some followers of the tradi- dent that healing will happen." (PORT ARTHUR, ThUNdER BAy, ONTARIO) (807) 872-2662 CollEcT join the Optinst Bingo SLAVE LAKE crowd DENTURE THURSDAY, May 27th. CLINIC SPECIAL EVENT FULL DENTURE SERVICES AFTERNOON EVENT (Relines and Repairs the same day.) 24 REGULAR GAMES $75 $100 $125 $150 per series EARLY BIRD -HALF HOUSE Shaded:$750 Unshaded:$500 MONDAYS ONLY I O AM - 5 PM WILD CARD $1,000 Consolation $200 BONANZA $2,500 Consolation $500 Plaza 2000 Bldg. 849 -5557 (Slave Lake) EVENING EVENTS SLAVE LAKE, AB 466 -5364 (Edmonton) 50 REGULAR GAMES $100 $125 $150 $175 $200 per series EARLY BIRD - LUCKY 7 Total payout: $950 ODD & EVEN $1,100 Consolation $150 14W6 ¡41',pr 3 - 4 - 6 GAME Total payout: $1,300 - HOLDINGSN G LTD BONANZA $6,500 PORTABLE TOILET RENTALS Consolation $500 REGULAR EVENTS Glen Youngchief AFTERNOONS: Sunday - Thursday Pre -Call: 12:15 pm Sales Representative 7 EVENING EVENTS: Pre -Call: 6:30 pm (403) 826 -6353 RED EYE EVENTS: Friday & Saturdays: 10:10 pm 347 -2833 Les Harper - (403) 875 -0657 4755 - 49 Street, Red Deer, Alberta R.R. I, Lloydminster, AB PAGE R4, MAY I0, 1993, REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER Sports Bish back on winning track By Jim Goodstriker and stapled off the vessel that was place money of $468. Windspeaker Contributor ready to burst open. Spike Guardipee of Browning "The doctors said I could have Montana,formerworldlndianall- died, and that I was a very lucky round, calf roping, and team rop- STANDOFF, Alta. person. It was a very lucky touchy ing champion, had a strangle hold situation, I appreciate life to the in the timed events. He took home TsuuTinaNationbroncorider fullest now. I didn't know some - total winnings of $656. andpro-rodeobullfighter Richard thinglikethatcouldhappen.Iused Guardipee and Ted Hoyt split Bish is appreciating life more than to take life for granted, now I un- first and second place money of ever after a near brush with death derstand the meaning of life," he $412 each, withSamBird and Ken last November. said. Whyte in the team roping event, Thepopular25-year-oldSarcee Bishgottapped offwitha shade stopping the clocks in a speedy 5.5 started having severe headaches broncobythenameof "BillyBayou" seconds. after the IRCA Finals Rodeo in for 74 points to win the bronco Ray Augere won first place Calgary last October. Bish was ridding at the Spring Rodeo April and $326 in the calf roping event, at eventually diagnosed with viral 24 -25 at the Standoff Agriplex. He 9.9 seconds, unseating Guardipee meningitis. also took first place money of $268. , who took second place. But hospital treatment and Local veteran Dallas Young Thesteerwrestiingeventwent therapy didn't stop the headaches. Pine was the best of the bareback to another newcomer from Peigan Bish lost his balance, and his right riders as he raked "Southern Com- Reserve. Shane McDougall slam eye slowly swelled shut. Exten- fort" for a 72 point effort and a dunked a steer down in 4.1 sec- sive tests revealed a shocking di- return of $151 at the pay window. onds to win $430. agnosis- Bishwas sufferingfroma Two youngPeigan Nation toro LisaCreightonof Standoff won brain aneurysm. twisters were the best of 22 bull the senior barrel racing with a run A weakness developed in a riders. Lome Many Guns and of 14.22 seconds and $314, she im- blood vessel wall behind his right Stanford Little Plume each scored proved her lead atop the standings eye. Surgeons cut into his skull 74 points to split first and second in the IRCA circuit to 90 points.

Jim Goodshiker Oregon wins championship Pendleton, Oregon men's basketball team captured the National Indian Athletic Association (NIAA) championships at Billings, Montana April 20 -24, forthe second year in a row. In this move, Buck Jones, tourney MVP, takes a flying leap at an Itausha California player. The Pendleton women's team also took top billing at the games, again for the second year. Northern Professional Chuckwagon Races Pony er Chariot Chuckwagon Athlete takes a Parade Saturday o Rodeo Dance Saturday o Musical Rides FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL shot at Games PRIZES & TROPIIIES Carl Cardinal By Gail Seymour rookie," he laughs. FOR EACII EVENT (403) 726-2552 or 726-4020 Windspeaker Contributor The rookie is not guaranteed Saddle Lake, AB a spot on the Saskatchewan team quite yet. The province has been PRINCE ALBERT, Sask. divided into three zones: North - em, Central and Southern. In FILE HILLS GOLF COMMITTEE PRESENTS THE 1993 At age 18, Horace Ratt is al- mid -June athletes in the three ready an experienced athlete. zones will converge on Prince CANADIANNADIAN INDIAN GOLF The young man from the Peter Albert for a mini -meet and the t4 Ballantyne Band in Pelican Nar- winners will go on to represent A I rows, 275 kilometres northeast Saskatchewan inJuly. However, C of this city, has been competing Raft is pretty confident he will July 9, 10 & 11, 1993 in shot put, discus and javelin take part in the Games. since he was in Grade 4. He has And he should be. Sports are Jackfish Lodge Golf & Conference Centre competed annually in citywide his life. The defenceman has been Cochin, Saskatchewan track meets as well as at the listed by the North Battleford (20 miles north of North Battleford Battleford Provincial Park) Prince Albert Indian Student North Stars of the Saskatchewan - Education Centre, where he re- Junior Hockey League and he sides during the school term. plans to go on to post-secondary e * Golfers Barbecue & Other Activities Ratt has chosen to concen- school and take recreational * Men's &Women's Divisions trate on shot and discus for the technology after which he hopes Senior Men's Division 50 & Over North American Indigenous to go to university and take a Games which will be held here two -year physical education Entry Fee: $150 (non -refundable) July 18 -25. course. $15 10001 * 3 Junior Divisions: "I guess you could call the Also, Ratt is one of 10 co- (10 -12 years) (13 -15 years) (16 -18 years) Saskatchewan Summer Games runners chosen to take part in 50 Spots open for all Junior Divisions (in August of 1992) and the Sas- the symbolic run. Just prior to IN CASH PRIZES UP katchewan Indian Summer the Games, the runners will be- Junior's Golf - July 10 & 11 only FOR Games (in June of the same year) gin their trek from Edmonton to COMPETITION Junior entry Fee: $50 (non -refundable) as warm ups," says Ratt. "I came the North Saskatchewan River first in both shot and discus and by Blaine Lake and then on to * $1,000 per day C.P. guaranteed second in javelin at the Indian Prince Albert by canoe. The run- Games but I strained my back ners will carry a sacred bundle * Deadline for all entries: June 25, 1993 during practice at the Summer and will rest at reserves along * No on -site entries Games so I didn't do as well. It route. the * Mail Money Order or Certified Cheque to: was lots of fun though and I still Elwin Cameron, Games pub- came sixth out of 18." lic relations assistant, says al- File Hills Golf Committee Ratt has maintained a 75 per though he can't estimate the Box 483 in 12 cent average Grade at St. number of athletes who will Balcarres, Sask. SOG OCO Mary High School as well as compete against Ratt, he knows * playing Triple A hockey and athletes will be representing all For more information, Contact: training since December for the the provinces and the two terri- Eugene Poitras (306) 334 -2353 bus (306) 334 -2456 upcoming Games. tories, plus athletes from the fol- Gil Bellegarde (306)334 -2269 bus (306)334 -2212 "I am competing in the Men s lowing states: North and South Art Desnomie (306) 334 -2317 Division and most of my com- Dakota, northern and southern petitors will be more experi- California, Minnesota, new * Information Kits available on request enced and older. I'm iust a York, Washington and Oregon. REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER, MAY I0, 1993. PAGE R5 Sports Chute Pacific rep in Centennial Cup finals

By John Hayes to stop the Kelowna power Chatter Windspenker Contributor plays. Grizzlys' forward Eric Fulton The rodeo was the fourth agreed: "What hurt us in each for the IRCA circuit for the KELOWNA, B.C. game so far," he said after game young 1993 season... Duke three, "is the break-out on the Helegerson and Floyd Smith There were no miracles for power play. By the time we re- were the judges... Mary Ann the Olds Grizzlys this time. The cover, they're set up in our zone. Smith and Lorraine Standing team that got to the Doyle Cup It's incredibly fast." Alone handled the stop final by coming back from a 3 -0 Game three was the high- watches... Shade and Sons deficit in a best -of -seven series light of the series fortheGrizzlys. Rodeo supplied the stock... fell behind Kelowna and stayed The B.C. champions turned their Announcer was Floyd Big there. game around after that and won Head... Scotty Many Grey The first two games were the next two games to win the Horses was the bullfighter, played in the Okanagan, the best -of -seven Pacific Region his brother Darrell was work- Spartans winning 4 -3 and 5 -2, championship 4 -1 in decisive ing the pro rodeo in largely on the strength of their style. Lethbridge -a feather in his goaltending. Dieter Kochen, Spartans are a big team, but hat (Darrell) for a step up the who came to Kelowna from Wis- quick forward Curtis Fry is not. ladder in the rodeo consin of the United States Jun- He played for two years in the arena...Rodeo really has its ior Hockey League, virtually Alberta Junior Hockey League ups and downs, just ask cur- stole the games from the visiting with St. Albert Saints before go- rent all round leader Byron Grizzlys. After two victories, the ing to B.C. this season. Bruised Head. Afterdominat- balance of the series moved to Fry, who skates like lighten- ing all three riding events at Alberta. ing, described the third game as the last IRCA rodeo (April 4) Kochen was the story there, a difficult one for the Spartans. he managed only tie for sec- too. In game three, he faced "We came out flat and were get- John Hayes ond in the bares, drew three down two point-blank Olds scor- ting used to the arena, trying to The Olds Grizzlys and Kelowna Spartans gave the crowd a re -ride broncos, then got ing opportunities in the first few get our legs back. For a lot of the good show at the Doyle Cup final. The Spartans won the cup in dumped and stepped in the seconds. Olds kept coming in game, we were going through a the best -of -seven tournament. They go on to the Centennial bull riding event... Saree's that game, even after falling be- feeling out process with Olds." Cup in Nova Scotia this month. Sidney Starlight now living hind 3 -1 in the second period. In Jim Hammett, Spartans' The Spartans were not Flin Flon Bombers, the Prairie in Mesa, Arizona, is recover- overtime,. the Grizzlys' Aaron coach saw game three differ- pressed by Olds in the Doyle champions. ing from a roping injury. He Zimmell popped the winner af- ently, however. "In Kelowna we Cup final. Kelowna goes into The tournament kicks off lost part of his right thumb ter 5 1 /2 minutes. played 60 minutes of hockey. the Centennial Cup rested and with a round robin beginning and small finger two months Olds captain Darcy Dallas, We didn't do that in the first healthy. on May 7 ago in Arizona... Next IRCA the best player in the series, felt game in Olds. I've never known They will travel to Amherst, The final game will be 15 2:00 p.m., rodeo is at Standoff May 8-9. that the series had tumed around this team to give up four goals in Nova Scotia, for the finals,where played on May at after the game. He said they had one period." they will run into the storied Atlantic time. O R D To subscribe to Windspeaker y.ç HÌO P1trcR Ca. , send $28 ($40 to: %+[ TABLISHED OVER 60 YEARS At STILLSUPPLYIN G O 15001 - 112 Avenue THE l)LDTIME SERVICE, QUALITY R DEPEN0Af5 I I Buy Sell Services BEE HIDES ALL TYPES OF LEATHER -LEATHER TANNING GAME HIDES TANNED 55558 HIUE5 155 8 ROBE TANNING Edmonton, AB SUPPUES .RAW FOR .BEADS S CHAFE TAXIDERMY *DOWN FEATHER; SIIEEP S1(IN5 *CUSTOM USED TRAPS A GUNS FEATHERS SHED ANTLERY BUTCHER SUPPLIES T5M 2V6 *TRAPPING SUPPLII .BEAVER; TAR 5 (News U_+cd) 44UCCASINS S MUKLUKS +1111 HATS GUNS (News Used) AMMUNIPON 8629 126 AVENUE (1 block North oft Yellowhead Trail at 89 st.) U.C.E.P. EDMONTON, ALBERTA, CANADA T5B 1G8 TELEPHONE: 403 -474 -4989 403 -4745552 (FUR BUYER, TRAPPING SUPPLIES, GUNS & AMMO) TOWARDS A NEW TOMORROW... Retail & Wholesale Catalogue New Location: 223 -14 ST. N.W., CALGARY, AB T2N 1Z6 403 -283 -9197 APPLICATION PROCEDURE Mail orders shipped worldwide

Applicants must make an appoint- Supporting our youth in all their endeavors - our ment for testing and a personal future depends on your dedication and hard work! interview with UCEP staff and are advised to apply early. From Chief Herman Roasting Application deadline is May 31, Councillors .HI , Departments Administration 1993. Jonathon Bull Larry Bull Finance PREPARE FOR IT NOW! Solomon Bull Band Enterprises If your long -term goal includes Winnifred Bull Recreation Concordia College UCEP is now ac- university or college, we encour- George Deschamps Education age you to consider UCEP at Henry Raine i Community Services cepting applications for the 93/94 & Police Concordia College. Clyde Roasting school year. We are a University and Donna Twins Economic Development College Entrance Program designed Public Works for Native adults ages 21 and over, For further information, please Housing -8481, who have some high school back- call Maxine Nelson at 479 Council, Staff and Band Members ground. The curriculum provides ext. 540 to arrange an interview or matriculation status in English and you may write to us at: LOUIS BULL TRIBAL Mathematics, a Career Development ADMINISTRATION course and a Cree preparation course. Concordia College HOBBEMA, ALBERTA 7128 Ada Boulevard A full time counsellor is available to Box 130 Ph: (403)585 -3978 Edmonton, Alberta (403)585 -3860 assist students with the back -to- Hobbema, Alberta T5B 4E4 TOC 1 NO (403)585-3967 school transition process. EDMONTON DIRECT: (403)423 -2064 WINDSPEAKER PAGE R6, MAY 10, 1993, REGIONAL - British Columbia Clayoquot bands Mountain development nixed By Dina O'Meara have detrimental effects on the velopment in the area. A meeting Windspenker Staff Writer band's water supply and safety with Apexrepresentativesand the protest logging of community members. Penticton Chamber of Commerce "Our environmental con- resulted in a heated discussion. B.C. The Chamber of Commerce designat- PENTICTON, cems are first and foremost. VANCOUVER bands are opposed to into our, and president Jane Howard is urg- as or preserves watershed drains ing areas parks Brit- "he ing the provincial minister of logging would be pro- Negotiations between a nearbybands,watersupply, First Nations on western where and a ski also to de- Indian Affairs to pick up the hibited. ish Columbia band said. "Apex wants Vancouver Island are demand- resort over proposed develop- velop the road going through paceonnegotiations. Howard is a voice in any land Such a move would take ing to have , the stalemate may theirjurisdictionand limit ment of Apex Brent and Isintok our community.Only one route concerned use development on Clayoquot away result in a blockade, which will economic development. mountains region are at a stale- goes to the ski hill, going Sound. local centre the corn- adversely affect tourism in the fol- The region is faced with a stag- mate. through the of Bands erupted in protest The Penticton Indian Band munity. Development would city. a announce- gering 70- per -cent unemploy- lowing govemment is opposed to the April $20 mil- represent a huge influx of traf- "Apex Is a very solid draw. If in the pris- ment, and logging represents a ment to allow logging plan the facilities to corn- there is a blockade, skier traffic viable source of jobs for the ap- lion to expand fic, increasing danger tine rain forest around the Apex Alpine Ski Resort. munity members." would be rerouted out of tribes proximately 3,000 people in the of Clayoquot Sound. The five Band administrator Greg The issued a morato- Penticton. "But we're trying to Nuu- central region of the Nuu -Chah- band in the central region of the Gabriel says the expansion will rium on any form of further de- deal with the issue equitably." Chah-nulth Tribal Council were nulth council. not consulted and had no input British Columbia PM Mike in the decision, said Chief Francis Harcourt announced in March Frank of the Tla -o- qui -aht band. that intensive logging will be B.C. reserve site of casino-resort plan And he warned the bands allowed on approximately 45 per will take any action necessary to cent of land around Clayoquot VICTORIA, B.C. hand members on the reserve. negotiating the proposal. stop logging in the area if they Sound. Some 87,000 of the Nearby Metchosi n residents Meanwhile, the Nanaimo to be ignored. First 262,000 hectares will be pro- Beecher Bay reserve may aren't too pleased with the pro- Indian Band is also consider - continue devel- Nations must be part of the deci- tected from logging. become the new gam blingcen- posal. Mayor John Ranns told ing a5i0million casino is con- opment on land. sion- making process and par - But the government rejected ire of the West Coast. Inedia the Community its the - of the benefits reaped from the possibility of delaying log- The small, 120- member cerned about the casino-resort If approved, develop take the their traditional lands, Frank ging in the area until land claims band located near Victoria is complex being built on its hor- nient would result in larg- said. are settled. the target of a Hawaiian con - der with the Beecher 13ay band. est Native-owned gambling He added the bands would "We are not going to shut sortium called American Gate- The development would casino in Canada. prefer negotiating, however le- down all industrial activity be- way. The Washington -based conflict wiih_effortstomaintain The growing interest in es- gal action and blockades were cause we have not yet resolved investment company has pro- a quiet community in the rural tablishing casinos has of the Also very real alternatives. the important (land -claims is- posed building a $250 million surroundings, Banns said. prompted the formation The root of the problem be- sues);' Andrew Peters, B.C. Abo- casino and resort developrnent Beecher Bay Chief Patty B.C. First Nations Gaming itween the bands and the pro- riginal Affairs minister said in on the reserve.The resort Chipps answered his concerns Committee.Native leaders say posed logging lies in unfolding an interview. would include a hotel, casino, by denying the bandhasarrived provincial commissionshasno hand claims and compensation Conflict of interest issue also marina expansion and a reno- at a decision yet. However, she jurisdiction over reserves, are on ifor any resource extraction. surfaced with the decision to log vated housing subdivision for did admit they are serious about which Crown property. The Tla- o- qui -aht, Hesquiat, Clayoquot. The provincial gov- ,Ahousahat, Toquaht and ernment owns shares in lUcluelet bands have never ceded MacMillan Bloedel Ltd., the Rabbit Skins, Fox Tails, ttitle to the land. And they be- company allocated logging Racoon Tails, Coyote heads, llieve logging activities would rights in the area. Lynx Tails, Fur Hats, Skins compromise land- claimnegotia- The Finance Ministry pur- etc... "Come and see us in our newly renovated premises" bons initiated in 1982. In addi- chased 2.1 million shares of the Go into business with our how in February as a short - $100 Miniumum order. tion to their concerns on company 4810 - 49th Avenue Phone: 352 -9151 the logging will proceed, the term investment. Free Catalog. Do Powwows, fairs etc... Wetaskiwin, Alberta ARIE BROUWER STRIPS INC. 207 W. 29th St. NEW To our youth... be all that you can be! YORK, NY 10001 (across from the grain elevators PH: (212) 947 -0171 in the CO -OP building) Dennis Callihoo FAX: (212) 947 -4197 Barrister & Solictor Serving the Native community with a full range of professional legal services Box 900, Hobbema, AB TOC 1NO Ph: 585 -3037 428 -6778 (Edmonton Direct) If you can read this... then reach out HALVAR C. JONSON, MLA to someone you know Ponoka - Rimbey MINISTER OF EDUCATION who can't and put them in touch with 324 Legislature Bldg. Edmonton, AB T5K 2B6 Northlands College Phone: (403) 427 -2025 * Private Tutors 2nd Floor, 5038 - 49 Avenue * Individualized Programs Rmbey, AB TOC 2J0 Phone: (403) 843 -2645 * Learn -to -read Resources * Confidential Services PALMS 1/2 PRICE 7 NIGHTS A WEEK BINGO 7 NICHTS 4 LATE NIGHTS For Free Help Call; REGULAR, THURS., FRI., COLD & COMBO SAT. & SUN. (306) 425 -4425 - La Ronge CARDS Reg. Cards Saskatchewan Doors 4:30 pm Pre -Call Bonanza 10:10 pm 3 E. B. 6:15 pm Doors -10:00pmE. B. -10:30 pm (306) 235 -4540 - Buffalo Narrows 24 Games, 1 50 Games 7:00 pm DISC OUNT Bonanza Saskatchewan 2 Bonanzas BONAN ZAS & 1 ODD & EVEN ODD/ EVE 40.40.40.40.50.60 1 ODD & EVEN (306) 688 -3232 - Creighton Saskatchewan SANDMAN INN 178 St. & Stony Plain Road - 483 -1151 Prairies REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE R7 Samson Cree Nation elects new chief HOBBEMA, Alta. received 159 votes in the elec- ernment, including an open - federal prison on Samson land. signed by 535 people, or roughly tion that saw eight candidates book policy on band finances. Discord over the planned a third of Samson's eligible vot- A heated campaign for lead- vie for the position of chief. Large issues will warrant refer- construction formed a major part ers. They expressed anger over ership of the Samson Cree Na- ArrolCrierandJimOmeasoo endums before being passed by of the campaign. Buffalo ap- the lack of guarantees inmates fions has resulted in a winner. took 90 votes each, George Sad - chief and council, he said. proved the $8 million govern- and staff at the proposed peni- Terry Buffalo narrowly de- dleback, 74 votes, Lester The small voter turnout on ment project but the issue never tentiary will be Native. feated former chief and council- Nepoose, 67 votes, and John the 4,000 member band was a came before the band and coun- Council voted 10 to zero for Frank Buffalo with 182 votes Nepoose, 60 votes. surprise, considering band pro- cil. against the project on April 16. to 175 at the May 3 election. In- Incoming chief Terry Buf- tests over the outgoing chiefs Band members circulated a New band councillors will cumbent chief Victor Buffalo falo, 38, promised an open gov- decision to approve building a petition against the prison, be elected on May 19. Byel ection outlawed on reserve Committee tackles child welfare By Barb Grinder injunctions which specifies they work to- By Dina O'Meara lic hearings in Winnipeg and Brandon Windspeaker Correspondent gether to conduct affairs of the tribe. How- Windspeaker Staff Writer to enable urban Aboriginals to speak ever, when challenged by a reporter Kirby with the task force. admitted band business could be suffer- "Our mandate is to look at First STANDOFF, Alta. ing. The RCMP, who's mandate includes WINNIPEG, Man. Nations concerns, whether they are on enforcing the federal injunction, are more or off reserve," said Fox -Decent. Aby-electioncalled by the Blood Coun- concerned with maintaining the peace In the fall of 1992, an inquest into Fox -Decent agrees with Native cilfor A pri1 29 ha s been cancelled after being during this tense period, he said. the suicide of a 14- year -old on a Mani- counsellors that more attention declared illegal by the federal courts. Representing the prestigious Buffalo toba reserve lead to a scathing report should be given to preventative pro- The election is the latest move by Coun- WomensSociety,DorothyDayC iefhanded on inadequacies of child welfare agen- grams. cil to oust Chief Harley Frank, after a series Kirby a package of documents at the meet - cies, both Native and provincial. "There's always money for foster of disputes came to ahead last month. Both ing.The papers purportedly show thatcoun- The Manitoba Task Force on Abo- homes and counselling post -fact," he Frank and the Council were elected last fall cil is criminally mismanaging band funds riginal Child Welfare wants to rem- said. "But money for dealing with situ- and have been at loggerheads ever since. and deliberately ignoring the injunction. edy the situation. ations where the abuse is discovered Although many members of the tribe Day Chief, a supporter of Frank, said "We want to establish an action seems to be lacking. All too often the have asked for the Department of Indian many members of the tribe are prepared plan, not be just another study," said process becomes yanking the child and Northern Affairs to step in, new re- to resort to violence to oust all Council Dr. Wally Fox -Decent. The task force from the home. How much more use- gional director Ken Kirby says his hands are members. She said they asked Council to chairperson has travelled with five ful would it be to start at the other end tied. In a meeting held in Lethbridge April step down for the good of the reserve, but other committee members to six of the and think in terms of prevention." 21, Kirby said his department can only step had received no response. Kirby said the 13 reserves slated for public hearings. The task force will be releasing an in when the tribe's elections are held under only solution the band has is to wait for They have also visited institutions such interim report this month on its find- the Indian act, which the Blood do not. the next scheduled election in November as youth detention centres and homes ings and recommendations. Their Kirby said he understood both Chief of 1994 or to use the judicial system to for single mothers. mandate ends in September and a and Council were abiding by the court solve their problems. The committee will also hold pub- second, final report will be issued this STONEY CREEK RECREATION Ktunaxa Tipi Co. (1991) help support our Saik'uz youth DEPT. WS Call or write for our new brochure BOX 5, SITE 7, R.R. #1 PLAY B I NGO CRESTON, B.C. VOB 1G0 Phone 604 -428 -4582 every Tuesday & Thursday night Toll free: 1- 800 -565 -9811 Wilfred Jacobs Doors open at 5:30 pm to 9:30 pm concession booth s 1,000 OPEN JACKPOT Burns Lake Indian Band

P.O. Box 9000 and STONEY CREEK, B.C. (604) 567 -9293 Burns Lake, BC. VW 1E0 (6041 692 -7717 THE RAINBOW MOTEL p.- oess¢e/s go to owls- Nestivoa Vex, tufith ee.,rar- To the youth.. TSAWWASSEN FIRST NATION May the Creator touch and bless. Our future... the next generation.

CWe encourage our youth in all their endeavors, our future depends on your dedication and hard work) In ttpport of our Native Youth. from... You will be our leaders of tomorrow. CHIEF MARVIN JOE COUNCILLOR SHARON BOWCOTT COUNCILLOR KIM BAIRD '.l'OfA( aO PLAIIN S BAND EXECUTIVE COORDINATOR LUCIE BIRCKEL BAND EXECUTIVE COORDINATOR SECRETARY TAMMY WILLIAMS FIRST NATIONS BAND ACCOUNTANT JOANNE WILLIAMS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT WORKER DOLORES PARKE CHIEF JOSEPHINE SHOTTANANA EDUCATION COORDINATOR PAULINE BECHTEL COUNSELLORS: DAN GRAVELLE ROBERTA GRAVELLE COMMUNITY HEALTH REPRESENTATIVE MARLON WATTS BOX '2 1, G RASM ERE B.C. FAMILY SUPPORT WORKER CHARLENE FEVANG PH: (604) 887 -3461 FAX: (604) 887 -3424 ELDERS COORDINATOR RENE LYNXLEGG HOME CARE WORKER PAM PROTEAU HOME CARE WORKER VERONICA ADAMS RECREATION WORKER STEVE BROWN RECREATION WORKER KARL MORGAN EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT WORKER HARRY DERBITSKY It pays EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT OFFICER GERRI WOODS RECEPTIONIST CANDY ADAMS to MAINTENANCE WRAY WILLIAMS Wind -J LAND CLAIMS RESEARCHER BARBARA GURNIAK advertise LAND CLAIMS RESEARCHER KIM BIARD speaker FISHERIES MIKE BIARD Administration Office: Building 132 North Tsawwassen Drive, Delta, B.C. V4K 3N2 in Tel: (604) 943 -2112 Fax: (604) 943 -9226 YAM 93?0A392CIV1IW

PAGE RB, MAY 10, 1993, REGIONAL WINDSPEAKER Northern Canada Women, children suffer shortage the most

Part two of two cohol ism, spousal assault, sexual many are forced out of their for the children he can get a job many projects that are coming abuse, and other social pro b- homes by an abusive situation, and ultimately make his situa- down, such as mining in the By John Holman lems. says Brooks. The safe houses are tion better. A woman is not in North Slave geological province, Windspeaker Correspondent By investing in housing now, full of single mothers and chil- that position." the mineral rich region between the government will be saving dren who often have no homes Second -stage housing for Yellowknife and the Coronation itself millions on the court sys- to return to, she claims. women and children who come Gulf, more people will probably YELLOWKNIFE tem,jails and social services, she Laws should be changed so out of a safe house, is also lack- come north. says. It has another benefit. The that abusive spouses are forced ing, Brooks said. And they will need housing. The short story is, affordable money "could be diverted into to leave the house, instead of But how can housing prob- But the federal government housing and the growing Terri- the economy rather than into women and children seeking lems be solved? must pay more attention to the torial population are fast corn- the social safety network," ex- escape, Brooks says. A single Brooks says community co- problem, she recommends. And ing to a head. And solutions must plains Blondin- Andrew. man has better opportunities at operatives could be formed, with it is sure to be an election issue as be found. "What you have is families, getting jobs and training, than a journeymen and young men Canada heads into a probable Thehuman costs will be stag- three or four generations, woman and her children. who volunteer to build the federal election this fall. gering if housing is only avail- crammed into one dwelling," she "The big issue for women is homes. "One thing, for su re, we need able to the people who can af- says. "You have people who are that they usually are the ones This way, the money the Ter- houses more than we need heli- ford it, predicts Lynne Brooks, working in one home who have looking after the children, and ritorial government would usu- copters. Let's divert one of those executive director of the North- to get up early at 7:30 in the are the primary care givers. They ally pump into labor could pay billion dollars worth of helicop- west Territories Status of morning, and people who are often end up having to stay in for more materials. ters don't "reduce the national Women Council. not working who can stay up all situation that are less than ideal Blondin- Andrew says social debt," Blondin- Andrew adds. Liberal MP Ethel Blondin- night. It leads to clashes.' for themselves and their children, housing must be included when For the north, through, if Andrew says the same thing: Single mothers and their chil- where there's violence, where it comes to a Territorial economic housing is not grappled with the lack of social housing con- dren suffer the most in the cur- there's drinking," Brooks says. strategy. Building houses means yet, the crisis will reach a flash tributes to stress, increasing al- rent housing crunch because "If a man is not responsible business and jobs, and with the point very soon. ( Northern Briefs Stamp celebrates Indigenous art dreds of drawings, mostly in graphite, colored pencils support payments to be made in food stuffs. This On May 17, Canada Post Corporation will issue an 86 and felt -tip pens. Her life and work have been the could include firewood, animals or fish, traditional cent stamp by Inuit artist Kenojuak Ashevak, in subject of a National Film Board documentary and two currency for barter in the cash -strapped north. The commemoration of the International Year of the books. new legislation allows unemployed people the means World's Indigenous People. The drawing, entitled to provide estranged spouses and families with es- Drawing for "The Owl" , c.1969, is a colorful master- Realistic alimony payments sential support. Often in divorces or separations, piece rendered in felt -tip pen, and is currently in the Food instead of cash could be the newest form of family women and children lose their main source of food collection of the National Gallery of Canada, in Ot- maintenance programs in the Northwest Territories. when the hunter of the family leaves. tawa. The yellow and brown bird is highlighted by Acknowledging regional wide- spread unemployment, Under the proposed amendment, the couple would red, deep blue and Ashevak was born in 1927 in the NWT government will introduce an amendment to negotiate fair terms of support, which would be south Baffin Island, NWT. She has produced hun- the Maintenance Act this fall allowing court -ordered ratified by a local justice of the peace or judge.

UJindspeaker is...Northwest Territories

IWe encourage our youth in all their endeavors! Dr. Morley Johnson If you think you don't know OPTOMETRIST Serving Slave Lake, High Prairie & Area a woman who is a victim For Appointment Call of violence 849 -4410 - SLAVE LAKE 523-4617 - HIGH PRAIRIE OLD RCMP BLDG - 403 - 2ND Ave N.E., P.O. Box 834, Slave Lake, AB TOG 2A0

"We salute our Youth for they are our Future'

Northwestern Health Unit Bag 2000

High Level, Alberta TOH 1 ZO

Phone: (403) 926 -7000

HELPING YOU LEARN A LIVING With two campuses in Fort McMurray, and one in Fort Chipewyan, Keyano College offers a wide variety of programs and job preparation in the following areas: ...Look again! Academic & Career Programs Trades & Technology The woman down the street, your co- worker, your best Heavy Industrial Training friend- anyone can be a victim of violence. Nursing As neighbours and friends, we all have a role to play in For more information on any of these programs, or to ending the abuse of women. For the safety of our homes find out what Keyano College can offer you, contact and communities, let's put an end to violence against Keyano's Native Services at women. (403) 791-4969, Violence against women hurts us all. or write to Attention: COUNSELLING 8115 Franklin Avenue,

Fort McMurray, Alberta Status of Women Condition féminine T9H 2H7 4. I+I Canada Canada Canad'ä 7nD COIIe1e WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE 9 ST. MICHAEL'S C LLEGE

P.O. t ox 10 Phone: (306) 467-2102 Duck Lake, Saskatchewan Fax: (306) 467-2275 SOK 1'O

Our college provides a setting in which our students can develop the fundamental attitudes and values which are consistent with Indian tradition and culture.

St. Michael's provides a school and residential program with emphasis on academic skills, athletic excellence, cultural values, recreation, and life skills. It is our belief that students at St. Michael's develop a genuine feeling ofpride and belonging and will succeed in all their future endeavours.

J . - V CULTURAL III SPORTS & ACADEMICS '1 I,I RECREATION Elder's Program I,I Hockey Camps St. Michael's offers III i UI Soccer Sweat Lodge a school program II, Volleyball Pow -Wows for Grades 9 to 12 III inclusive. Basketball III Track & Field All staff are well dminton qualified, igette have a genuine Broomball POST- SECONDARY appreciation for the Fastball 1. University Indian culture and Golf Entrance Program , heritage, and follow Curling the provincially required school night Training 2. 1st year La Crosse programs. 1 Arts & Science e '- , ,

St. Michael's College is administered by the Grand Council of the Willow Cree.

The governing body for St. Michael's College is a Board of Governors. The Board members are appointed by their First Nations to sit on the Board.

Please call St. Michael's for further information

.sx..ar:'Avtar.^e.r rrs4.:yeeas.`la:i,'r,:,vo.1144W*...._,,:.+ 7as.o 41iJ4*W i161004001: MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER PAGE 10, Economic Development

Taking Care of B sin;j sX Strong Native government

By Doug Johnson deal has fallen flat. make it (funding) so hard to ac- Windspeaker Contributor. cess. Ina lot of cases a loan guar- Developing a flan Indian Act major hurdle antee would be a lot more ben- The Indian Act is a major eficial than a $100,000 grant," By Heather Halpenny plan is to serve as a blueprint for OTTAWA hurdle to be overcome, said Pe- Jones said. Windspeaker Contributor you to follow once you have ter George, president of the made the important decision to Less interference from the Council of Ontario Universities. U.S., Canada share problems start the business. The business federal government and a The act is a barrier to raising American and Canadian You have a great business plan will have outlined policies streamlined process for estab- venture capital because reserve Aboriginals face the same eco- idea! You have the right and budgets for you to follow. lishing Native businesses are lands cannot be seized so banks nomic development problems, experience and you know there Later on, the business plan will keys to setting up and maintain- will not accept them as loan col- said Tom Acevado, Chief Ex- is a market for your product or serve as a measure to compare ing Native ventures. lateral. ecutive Officer of the Salish service. But you just don thave the performance of the business This was one of the many Jurisdictional controlrelates Kootanay development corpo- enough money to get started. and to check the success of the messages coming out of the Na- directly to self -government, ration of the Flathead Tribe in This is where a bank or a lending business against a yardstick. tional Round Table on Economic Lafond said. He would like to Montana. His reserve operates institution comes in. And, There are many different Development and Resources, see less outside control of Na- businesses with an annual although they may agree with models for a business. Many put on by the Royal Commis- tive projects. budget of $90 million, the ma- your ideas, first they want to books have beenwritten onhow sion on Aboriginal Peoples last But the greatest obstacle jority of which comes from trans- see your business plan. What is to prepare a business plan and month. Native entrepreneurs have to fers from the U.S. government. that? these books can be picked up for The round table was part overcome is putting together Their holding company op- A business plan is like a free or for a small amount at of a series the commission is funding to expand or get busi- erates a hydroelectric generat- road map which outlines the business libraries and holding to examine the vital ness ventures off the ground. ing plant, a logging company, steps that have to be covered to government agencies. aspects of Aboriginal life in "Our funding looked like a an electronics manufacturing reach your business goal. There No matter how thebusiness depth. The discussions brought house of cards," said Harty Jones, plant, a tourist hotel, a construc- are many reasons to prepare a plan is laid out, certain together close to 100 people an executive with theBlueHeron tion company and agricultural business plan. But those informationneedstobecovered. from across the country for Industrial Park of the Batchewana leasing. The Salish Kootanay entrepreneurs who take the A financial section is the most three days of talks. Delegates Band near Sault Ste Marie, Ont. people are also looking at get- time and effort to prepare a important. Costs must be included representatives from The band had to go to several ting into the gaming industry, business plan are much more accurate and backed up in the Aboriginal and non -Abo- federal and provincial agencies which he calls "a huge capital successful than those who don't writing. Financial projections riginal business communities, and banks to fund a major project wealth generator." bother. should cover a three year period experts in economic and em- in the industrial park. Their success is having a As pointed out above, one and include a balance sheet, ployment development and Jones' band operates an 87- strong stable tribal government, use of the business plan is to sell income statement and cash flow senior officials from the fed- lot industrial park two kilome- encouragement of education the business idea to funding statements. eral, provincial and territorial tres from Sault Ste Marie. Just and separation of business from agencies, banks and /or A market sec tion is also very governments. over a year ago, they decided to politics, Acevado said. The re- investors. These people will important. The competition, Economic issues will be try and attract Advanced Ther- serve government consists of a want to know the financial needs pricing, products or service to one of the main pillars of their modynamics, a manufacturer of 10- member council elected for a and goals of the business idea. be sold, advertising strategies, final report to Parliament, said vehicle heaters, to the industrial four -year term. Members can They will also want to know location, legal requirements, and commission chair Rene park. stay as long as they get re- elected. your background and skills the market conditions must be Dussault. The longest term served has been relating to the business. This will investigated. You need to know Red tape hampers funding 35 years. help them to be more what you are up against in the Society closed Just dealing with the red "A strong stable government knowledgeable about the market place. In addition to the barriers tape over funding put the plan attracts business," he said. particular business idea you are Finally, you need to prepare everyone else six months behind schedule, proposing. anoperation overview including starting a business, Aboriginal Jones said. Most of the govern- Bank impressed Another use of thebusiness resume, experience, job people also have to deal with ment funding programs were When they approached the plan is to provide you with an descriptions, credit and pricing racism and trying to break into a linked with, and dependent on, bank about financing for the opportunity to study the policies andadescriptionofhow closed society, co -chair George other types of funding. For ex- tourist hotel, it took a year to business idea in more detail. By the business is going to operate Erasmus said. ample, to get funding from Ca- arrange. In the end, what im- taking the time to prepare a (hours of operation, shifts, But not all those attending nadian Aboriginal Economic pressed the bank the most was business plan, you will make suppliers, management support the conference agreed. Development, they had to also that they were still dealing with decisions based on information etc.) "There are no color barriers get money from the bank. the same people a year later, he that you have learned during (Taking Care of Business is a in the marketplace," said Lester "The bank was not sure of said. the process of preparing the new column written for Lafond, a businessman from the implications of dealing with The reserve runs its own business plan. You will research WindspeakerbyHeatherHalpenny Saskatoon. Native people on reserves, as community college with 700 stu- and determine the size of the of Crocker Consulting Inc., a The main thing holding the Indian Act says you can't dents and helps pay for univer- market, check out suppliers, company that specializes in business Native business development seize the property of Natives on sity education for its members. competition, prices, expenses plans,feasibilitystudiesand market back is lack ofjurisdictional con- reserves,' Jones said. Post secondary education is en- and locations. In other words assesstnen isfor bo th largean d small trol and access to capital, he said. So to get the funding, they couraged. youwillhavetested thebusiness businesses. The Edmonton phone Aboriginals find a niche prod- had to find a way around the Tribal businesses are run as idea on paper before you have number is 432 -1009.) uct and then have to wait for rules. profit- makingenterprises rather to invest your money. Next column: Where to go approval from the bureaucrats "If the government wants than job creation projects. In the A third use for the business for help to get started. and politicians. By that time the economic development, don't past, tribal businesses were seen

I AL Employment and Emploi et Immigration Canada Immigratrion Canada Business Opportunity Do You Know About the Changes to Established business for sale. Unemployment Insurance? Business provides services to the: Oilfield industry On April 4, 1993, the following changes were made to the General public Military UI program: Well established clientele base for over 15 years.

People who voluntarily quit their jobs without "just cause" . or are fired for misconduct; are no longer eligible for UI; Gross $1.5 million per annum. Definition of "just Cause" for quitting a job has been expanded and is available at your Canada Employment IEIll JBllEIR 'VOLUME ° KIM, IP®°II°IEN°II°IIAIL Centre; (Not attained because present day owners in same business 15 years) . UI benefits rate has been changed from 60 percent to 57 percent of insurable earnings; For more information regarding this excellent Additional training funds have been designated for people eligible for UI. business opportunity please call: Ozzie at (403) 594 -5033

For more information about these changes or other services please contact. M0 s"THE BEST OF THE BEST FOR THE BEST" ($ anada Employment Centres WINDSPEAKER, Economic Development- MAY 10, 1993, PAGE I I Business Briefs ) ni way to viable businesses Professional development a priority Economic development officers fromNative communities across national product by two to three Canada named professional development as a high priority at s

A NATIVE PARTNERSHIP COMPANY H.O. Box 96, Fort Vermilion, Alberta, TOH 1NO EDMONTON 1- 403 -927 -4470 RENAISSANCE HOTEL ARROWFAX Inc. v c- çv DOWNTOWN EDMONTON'S BEST VALUE HOTEL FEATURING... ABORIGINAL DIRECTORIES NATIONAL Q 295 WELL APPOINTED COMFORTABLE GUESTROOMS REGIONAL. THE BOULEVARD DINING ROOM Q THE BRASS RAIL LOUNGE .> CUSTOMIZED EXECUTIVE OFFICE ARROWFACTS DATABASE CONFERENCE & BANQUET FACILITIES UPDATED DAILY THE RENAISSANCE FITNESS CENTRE

LUXURY AT AN AFFORdAbLE PRICE CALL US WILL-FREE 70OM R6mRNWFCIR t477ON 101» -105 STREET, EDMONTON, ALBERTA T5J 1E2 I -800- 665 -0037 PH: (403) 423 -4811 FAX: (403) 423 -3204 Arrowfax Canada Inc. PAGE 12, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER Association determined WOMEN WHO OWN give women a voice to THEMSELVES CONFEREN Canada established the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples with the mandate to investigate the relationship between Aboriginal A Conference on Hearing the Voices of Community Metis Women Peoples (Indian, Inuit, Metis) the Canadian government, and Canadian society as a whole. TheNative Women's Association of Canada received a grant from the PALACE INN Intervenor Participation Program - established as an entity separate from June 11, 12, 13, 1993 the Royal Commission - to have a Social Animation Project. Under this 4235 Calgary Trail North project, the Native Women's Association has hired animators in every Edmonton, Alberta province and territory, including Labrador. The animators are responsible for encouraging Aboriginal women to make presentations - orally or in 11 writing - to the commission to express their concerns on issues of importance Conference: Friday, June and Saturday, June 12 to their lives. Aboriginal women are asked to define their own issues and Workshops /Talking Circles with the following themes: to bring them forward to the commission in person or in writing. - Healing from the Past: naming our truth and healing for the future Please complete this questionnaire and mail it to: Teressa Nahanee, - Beyond Charlottetown National Coordinator, N.W.A.C., 9 Melrose Ave., Ottawa, ON KIY ITS. - Pleasure and Pride: Metis Women Today and Tomorrow Telephone (613) 722 -3033; fax (613) 722 -7687. - The Personal is Political: Women's Lives and Metis goverment If more room is required, please attach additional sheets and include any pertinent evidence and documents such as photographs, videos, 5th Annual 'Daughters of the Country Banquet references, court cases, research or news articles. Saturday, June 12 1. I have heard of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. 2. I am: Indian ( ) Inuit ( ) Metis ( ) Non -status Indian ( ) Annual General Meeting 3. I am: [ I male [ I female Sunday, June 13 4. My age is: [ 10-81 19-151 ] 16 -25 [ ]26 -35 [ P6-451 ]46 -60 [ )61-701 ]over 70 For further 5. I live on Indian land. [ ] yes [ ] no details about the Conference please contact 6. The 5 main issues of concern to Aboriginal women in Canada today are: Women of the Metis Nation (number them, in order of importance to you, from 1 to 5; add concerns P.O. Box 818, Stony Plain, Alberta TOE 2G0 which have not been listed, and number them 1 to 5.) Describe your Phone: (403) 484 -7989 concerns on a separate sheet of paper. [ I self government [ ] child abuse [ I justice issues [ ] sexual harassment [ ] education [ ] literacy [ ] substance abuse I I health ( ] housing

I 1 youth [ ] social issues [ I Metis issues [ I violence against women I I economic development [ I employment of women [ I child care [ ] Aboriginal languages [ ] life skills development [ I suicide of young people [ I human rights e;~ Council Members'' [ I right to live in my community Of Emory Gabriel Foin; [ 1 Elders ",. [ I Indian Act art Philips [ ] Northern issues 7. The top 3 issues which concern me in my home community are: from the list above, number them from 1 to 3; if not on the list, (Choosing Penticton Indian Band ° R.R. 2, Site 80, Comp 19 add the 3 and number them 1 to 3.) Penticton, BC ° U2R 6J7 ° Telephone: 493 -0048 Fax: 493 -2882 8. I live in an urban centre or somewhere where Aboriginal people are not in the majority. I I yes [ I no 9. The top 3 issues facing urban Aboriginal people are: (Choosing from the amcEapoc:E31.4=EaroE3moE34=1E3roE 31.oEamoE3oE31.4=DE list above, list from 1 to 3; if not on the list, add the 3 and number them 1 to 3]: PITSEL & ASSOCIATES: TRAINING, cONSUL71NG since 1984 10. The top 5 issues facing Aboriginal women today are: (Choosing from 1609 - 14TH ST. SW the list above, list from 1 to 5; if not on the list, add the 5 and number them 1 to 5): CALGARY, ALBERTA 11. As a matter of government policy, Aboriginal women have not had the CALL DR. PIER DE PAOLA opportunity to participate in policy discussions on issues of importance to (403) 245 -0550 FAX: (403) 244 -2018 all aboriginal peoples. I believe Aboriginal women should be involved in discussions. [ ] yes [ I no Coll Pier For these or your own specific training needs: 12. Solutions to problems faced by Aboriginal people should be developed by: Negotiate as a Team [ 1 Why? (Explain) Advanced Negotiation Skills 13. Aboriginal youth should be involved in all discussions on the following issues: write Y for yes; and N for no. [add new issues we have missed] First Notion Leadership: Which Styte Suits You? 14. Indian women on Indian reserves have no federal or provincial Time Mastery for Councils, Boards legislation to protect their property rights upon dissolution of a marriage. Personal /Office Management For 21st C. There is no Indian marriage and divorce act. We need an Aboriginal Marriage Act federally to protect the interests of Aboriginal Women, Get the Schhols You Want: Local Control Options particularly those governed by the federal Indian Act. Interview For Results: Get the Staff You Want [ ] yes [ ] no Respect the Culture: Match Teaching /Learning Styles 15. children taken from their Indian homes have no legislative protection Dancing Butterflies: Public Speaking For the Shy federally or provincially. We need federal Indian child care legislation to protect the rights of Indian children either within their own homes, or Study Habits & the Habit of Study when they are put up for adoption, or taken from their home of birth. Headstart: Teach 3 - 6 Yr. Olds to Read, Do Math [ ] yes [ ] no Planning to Meet Your Community Vision 16. Ab original women must be involved in establishing child care legislation and facilities for caring for children outside the home. Stick to The Point: Public Presentation Skills [ ] yes [ Ino MAC & IBM Computers Demystified 17. I believe Aboriginal women must be involved in reforms to criminal Computer Training for TAs, Stoff, Offices justice administration. (Explain on separate sheet of paper.) Data Base Systems for Schools & Community [ ] yes [ ] no School /Community Based Curriculum Development 18. What is the leading cause of suicide among Aboriginal youth today? Paddle Your Own Canoe: Promote Respect in Teens 19. I believe off -reserve First Nations citizens have the same rights as on- reserve First Nations citizens. Explain on separate sheet. Feeling Good: 7 Ways To Be Successful at Work [ ] yes [ Ino Coll Pier at (403) 245 -0550 20. Aboriginal languages should be preserved and our right to language be explicit should in the Constitution. 311.oE 31MoE 3oE aoc3E 304=E 31.4=E aooE aw4=E alot=iE 3.oE ar4=1E I ] yes [ I no WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE 13 Aboriginals often interpreted using white standards By Dina O'Meara Nations representatives was Doug Dowaniuk. dumb. But to the Athabascan, nities. And education is the an- Windspeaker Staff Writer absent. Both speakers tackled the the fast way of talking, leaving swer, said the two panelists. Not "We are the forgotten peo- issue of racism, focusing on the short spaces, is rude. It doesn't only by changing curriculum to ple," panelist Edna Coffin told senses. Can you see me with give time for people to answer accurately reflect Native society EDMONTON the audience with a grimace. your ears, eyes, heart and spirit? back," he said. but encouraging Native youths The importance of Native challenged the audience to look Changing that perception is to continue their educations and A panel involving Native culture is often ignored by soci- beyond established attitudes by another challenge facing both maintain ties with their culture participants was almost over- ety, said Coffin, project man- dealing with Native oral tradi- Native and non- Native commu- and spirituality. looked at a recent Edmonton ager at the University of Alberta tions, history and spirituality. conference on racism. Native Student Services. Too often perception of Abo- r The one -day Intercultural "We are interdependent cul- riginals is based on non -Native Education and Race Relations tures and have to stand together. values, said Dowaniuk, a stu- Resource fair held sessions on We need each other to survive," dent at the faculty of Native stereotypes, dealing with racism Coffin said. Studies. in the school yard, black oppres- And misinterpreting cul- "The Athabascan speaker sion, and refugee experiences. tural differences is a common speaks slowly with long pauses. Owners responsible Only at the last moment did an obstacle to breaking down Na- This gives non -Natives the im- organizer realize a panel of First five stereotypes, added panelist pression that Aboriginals are for pet's actions By Ward Mallabone and,' in some cases, even trespassers. ° F A great number of Most insurance policies 011aiEgg Albertans keep pets in and cover such losses and a pet around their homes. owner should check his MAINTENANCE & REPAIR SERVICES Occasionally these pets, for policy in this regard. whatever reason, will A pet owner may also become involved in attacks be held liable for losses RENTALS /CLEAN -UP REPAIRS on neighbors or strangers caused by the acts of their & which cause injuries. Are pet pets which resulted from the owners liable to pay negligence of the owner. damages for such attack - Courts have ruled that pet CONSTRUCTION CLEAN -UPS related injuries? owners who knew that their At law, if you have animals could cause possession or control of a pet, damage to a third party's CARPET CLEANING even if you do not own it, property are under a duty you will be liable to pay not to allow their pets to damages to a person injured interfere with such a third CONTRACT CLEANING by your pet, if the injured party. For example, the person can prove the owner of a dog that following three things: frightened a mink farm APPLIANCE REPAIR 1. That it was your pet that operation, which caused actually caused the injury; loss to the farmer, was found 2. That the pet had a history liable for the farmer's loss. WINDOW WASHING of attacking people; This legal column is for 3. That you were aware that information purposes only the pet had committed such and should not be acts in the past. constructed as legal advice. 454.5912eige Liability to pay damages If you require advice on a 'flee is not restricted to attacks similar matter you should made off the property of a contact your legal advisor. pet owner. If the pet owner is (Ward Mallabone is an John Lorieau Carolyn Stuart aware that they have a associate with Walsh Wilkins, vicious pet but failed to warn a full service law firm which visitors coming to the has carried on an extensive 010 3) 251-75132 premises, the owner may Native practice for more than also be liable for the injuries 25 years. The Calgary telephone 119 Woodborough Rd, Calgary, Alberta T2W 5C2 caused to invited visitors number is 267-8400.)

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JACKETS: WINDSPEAKER LOGO ONLY 80.00 each SPECIFY WINDSPEAKER OR NATIVE PERSPECTIVE LOGOS SIZES AVAILABLE : M, L, XL ALL PRICES PAYABLE IN CANADIAN FUNDS AND INCLUDE GST AND SHIPPING /HANDLING PLEASE ALLOW 4 -6 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY CLIFF STEBBINGS YOUR ADVERTISING SALES PROFESSIONAL NAME. for ADDRESS- Northeastern Alberta CITY PROVINCE. Saskatchewan POSTAL/ZIP- PHONE- Manitoba VISA MASTER CARD AMEX Call Cliff today to discover CARD NO. EXP. DATE WINDSPEAKER BOXERS AND NATIVE PERSPECTIVE the many benefits of SWEATSHIRT SHOWN SWEATSHIRT SHOWN advertising with Windspeaker. SIGNATURE Toll Free 1- 800 -661 -5469 SEND YOUR ORDER TO: WINDSPEAKER - NATIVE PERSPECTIVE CLOTHING 15001- 112 AVENUE, EDMONTON, ALBERTA, CANADA TSM 2V6 CHARGE YOUR ORDER TO YOUR CREDIT CARD BY CALLING TOLL FREE 1 -800661 5469 PAGE 14, MAY 10, 1993, WINDSPEAKER

41414E PE `°n THE INTER -PROVINCIAL ASSOCIATION ON NATIVE EMPLOYMENT 17th ANNUAL CONFERENCE "REALITIES IN ABORIGINAL EMPLOYMENT" SZ June 22 - 24, 1993 Malborough Inn, Calgary, Alberta "COSMOPOLITAN CITY..." 'yRTrr4V, "COSMOPOLITAN COPS" KEYNOTE SPEAKERS: The METROPOLITAN TORONTO POLICE is looking Conrad Edwards, Executive Director for dedicated women and men to provide vital law of the Centre for Tribal Employment Rights in enforcement services in our community. in Washington - "Affirmative Action - The Native American Experience" We are committed to providing equal employment opportunities to qualified individuals and particularly Ron Jamieson, Vice- President of Aboriginal encourage applications from aboriginal peoples, women Banking - Bank Montreal "Buildling and racial minorities. of - Bridges - The Economic Benefits of Doing Contact Business with Aboriginal Canadians"

The Metropolitan Toronto Police The Honorable Mike Cardinal, Minister of Employment Office, Recruitment Section Family and Social Services, Alberta - "Breaking the Unemployment Cycle" 40 College Street Suite 207 KEYNOTE PANELISTS: Toronto, Ontario M5G 2J3 Grand Chief Phil Fontaine, Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs FAX: (416) 324 -0618 (416) 324 -JOIN or (416) 324 -6105 Chief Sophie Pierre, St. Mary's Band, BC Grant Brown, University of Lethbridge (Up to the minute news with CFWE 89.9 Aboriginal Radio) Panelists discussion: Aboriginal Employment Equity - Pros, Problems and Aboriginal Women as a Doubly Disadvantaged Group

Pre -registration to May 28, 1993: $187.25 Registration: $267.50 For more information contact: Marlene Benson, Conference Coordinator at (403) 292-3018 or Fax: (403) 292 -1719

DUNCAN Assistant Registrar Reporting to the registrar, duties will include: DRIFTPILE SAWAIDGE Registration of students via University of Regina Student Infor- mation System SWAN RIVER Semestral calculation of student averages GROUARD Semestral preparation of examination timetable reports Maintain familiarity with SIFC program requirements, University HORSE LAKE SUCKER CREEK of Regina regulations and transfer requirements as outlined by the University of Regina STURGEON LAKE WHITEFISH LAKE

- Provide information concerning enrollment and class offerings as requested Other related duties as assigned by the Registrar The candidate we are looking for will have an understanding of university registration policies and procedures; superior commu- nication and interpersonal skills; some supervisory experience; must be bondable; an understanding of the unique context under which SIFC operates and a sensitivity to Indian culture and issues facing Indian people. Salary: within a range of $24,023. to $31,815. Er Administrative Assistant /Secretary OUR CHILDREN YOUTH This position provides secretarial support services to the Registrar's office. Duties include: ARE OUR FUTURE!" Provides secretarial and general office services to the Registrar and Assistant Registrar Maintains control of student files to ensure confidentiality of information Maintains students statements regarding fees and collecting June 3, 1983 - June 3, 1993 outstanding monies from students at registration times Receives admission documents from students and ensures the 10 delivering Child and Family necessary information is attached. "Celebrating years of The ideal candidate will have these qualifications: Minimum of two years office experience services to the nine member Bands" Excellent communication skills both orally and in writing Strong organizational skills and ability to prioritize workloads Skill in the use of word processors Knowledge of issues facing Indian people and knowledge of SIFC would be an asset Must be bondable Salary: within a range of $15,583. to $21,426. Interested candidates for the above positions should submit a LESSER SLAVE LAKE INDIAN REGIONAL COUNCIL letter of application and resume by May 14, 1993 to: CHILD WELFARE PROGRAM Human Resources Office Box 1790 Saskatchewan Indian Federated College 118 College West HIGH PRAIRIE, ALBERTA TOG 1E0 University of Regina Regina, Saskatchewan PH: (403) 523 -4901 S4S 0A2 FAX: (103) 523 -4406

TO ADVERTISE IN WINDSPEAKER, CONTACT: 1-800-661-5469 WINDSPEAKER, MAY 10, 1993, PAGE 15 WdlvDSP]EAKÆ''S BUSINESS PLANS/FUNDING PROPOSALS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANNING 'ï .41 MARKET /FEASIBILITY STUDIES CAREER SECTI N STRATEGIC PLANNING CROCKER CONSULTING IMC. ENTREPRENEURIAL TRAINING

JOB OPPORTUNITY Office: (403) 432 -1009 Fax: (403) 439 -1863 Car Phone: 1-554-3743 SADDLE LAKE EDUCATION AUTHORITY 9139 - 74 Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T6E I C9

The Saddle Lake Education Authority believes in local control of education that is open to all and committed to meeting our immediate needs. Our goals include improving our education programs and the equality of educational opportunities for our learners with special emphasis on our cultural and linguistic survival. Ours is a learner -centered íberra teaching approach with the goal of helping learners reach their full potential. We are currently CHILD WELFARE SOCIAL WORKER seeking a dynamic individual to assume the position of: Competition No: NW93E8113- 004 -WDSP

WABASCA - Wabasca is a rural community offering all the amenities of ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPAL a small town and is located approximately 130 km northeast of Slave Lake. If you are highly motivated, able to work independently, have As a strong team player committed to accountability, initiative, and innovation, you will sound decision making skills, and have a sincere commitment to Child Welfare and the preservation of the family unit, this position will be of be in a position of managing change and implementing programs which meet the interest to you. We are looking for people with professional social work educational needs of the learner. Responsible for the educational program and curriculum skills to deliver Child Welfare Services to this community and surrounding area of Onchaminahos School, one of two schools serving the community of Saddle Lake, area. Duties will include intake, investigations of child abuse and neglect, case management, report preparations and presentations to Family you will take a leadership role in maintaining and developing the community goals of Court. Involvement will be with children and their families in the provision educational achievement. A natural communicator, you enjoy dealing with educators, of Child Welfare Services. DUALS: A completed degree /diploma in the parents, board members, and community. field of Social Work, Social Sciences or Human Services with an QUALIFICATIONS: emphasis on counselling, family studies or human development. A Alberta Teachers B.S.W., M.S.W., completed R.S.W. or equivalent would be an asset. Cerificate Related experience in Child Welfare will be considered in lieu of directly Successful teaching experience related course work. Preference will be given to candidates who are Administrative experience fluent in Cree and have experience in delivering services to Native communities. Salary commensurate with qualifications. Travel is required. Transportation arrangements must meet the operational Salary is commensurate with qualifications and experience. a We offer, comprehensive requirements of the Department. benefits package. Salary: S 27,564 - $ 44,676 Closing Date: May 14, 1993 Qualified applicants are invited to submit an application in writing enclosing a resume by Family & Social Services May 21, 1993 to: Please send an application form or resume quoting competition EDUCATION CO- ORDINATOR number to: Alberta Government Employment Office 130 BOX 4th Floor, Kensington Place SADDLE LAKE, AB TOA 3T0 10011 - 109 Street FAX: (403) 726 -4069 Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3S8 An equal opportunity employer /smoke free environment Facsimile No: (403) 422 -0468 NICOLA VALLEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NVIT is a comprehensive institution of higher education serving the needs ofFFirst Nations stldents. Located inMerritt, British Columbia, we offer on -site programs to 300 students in developmentaleducation, university transfer, career education and a degree program. All programs are accredited with a public college or a university. NVIT also runs community -based developmental programs throughout BC, and extension programs nationally Merritt is asmallcity locatedin the beautifulNicolaVolley, about3 hours inlandfrom Vancouver. NWTprovides high- quality education for the whole student, in a culturally- reinforced First Nations setting. Our goal is to facilitate student success and the development of First Nations communities. We invite applications for thefollowing positions, to commence in the Fall of 1993. All positions are full-time. We encourage applications from individuals qualified to teach in more than one area. All positions are subject to budgetary confirmation. MANAGER, STUDENT SERVICES INSTRUCTOR, ANTHROPOLOGY & NATIVE STUDIES responsible for all student services functions, and supervision of to teach first and second year university level anthropology relevant staff may teach in other areas if qualified completion of bachelors degree in a relevant field, or equivalent masters degree required. successful work experience and supervisory experience in a post -secondary student services function required INSTRUCTOR, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION knowledge of student record systems required. to teach accounting, financial management, marketing, small business development and microeconomics relevant bachelors degree required; masters preferred. COUNSELLOR to provide comprehensive personal and career counselling to INSTRUCTOR, FINE ART students to teach in the Diploma program professional qualification in counselling required; masters degree MFA (or equivalent) required preferred teaching experience required, preferably in design, painting and experience in counselling adults in a First Nations setting required, printmaking or sculpture. preferably in post -secondary education. DEPARTMENT HEAD, SOCIAL WORK & HUMAN INSTRUCTOR, NATIVE ADULT BASIC EDUCATION to teach in a community -based program SERVICE PROGRAMS bachelors degree (or equivalent) required to manage programs in BSW, Sexual Abuse Worker and SAW relevant teaching experience required. Trainer of Trainers programs BSW and masters degree required INSTRUCTOR, TRANSITION PROGRAM administrative, supervisory and relevant teaching experience to teach in a 10 -week, community-based pre -college lifeskills required. program bachelors degree (or equivalent) preferred COORDINATOR, COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT relevant teaching experience (including lifeskills) required EXTENSION PROGRAM group facilitation skills required to coordinate a national program completion of a relevant diploma required: bachelors degree INSTRUCTOR, SOCIAL WORK preferred to teach in the Bachelor of First Nations Social Work program administrative, supervisory & relevant teaching experience required BSW and masters degree required demonstrated facilitation skills required. AU applicants should be familiar with First Nations cultures and COORDINATOR /INSTRUCTOR, NATIVE ADULT BASIC organizations. High priority is given to qualified candidates of First EDUCATION Nations ancestry. to coordinate and teach in a community -based program Salaries are based on qualifications and experience, and a com- bachelors degree (or equivalent) required prehensive benefits package is offered. Please enclose a resume with your administrative, supervisory and relevant teaching experience letter of application, which must be received no later than Mau 21, 1993. Apply to: ROBYN CUNNINGHAM, MANAGER, HUMAN RESOURCES, NVIT, BOX 399, MERRITT, B.C. VOK 280 PH:(604) 378 -2251 FAX:(604) 378 -5898 PAGE 16, MAY I0, 1993, WINDSPEAKER Advertising Feature Quality, service the goal at Tire Warehouse

It's more than a decade offered at The Tire Warehouse. since the little Mountie hopped The highest quality products onto his wheel to become the are used, many with lifetime advertising logo for The Tire warranties. Suspension Warehouse. repairs including struts, shock And ever since, top -notch absorbers, oil changes using service and products have Quaker State products as well become the trademark of The as air conditioning /cooling Tire Warehouse. systems services. "We concentrate on service The Tire Warehouse is a - and good value for your government- approved motor dollar," said co -owner Nettie vehicle inspection station and Harris. "Consistently good taxi inspection station as service is difficult to find well. today, but you'll find it at The Wayne remains active in Tire Warehouse. Our staff is the daily operation (from 7 committed to service." a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week), This commitment to overseeing the entire service has paid off, bringing operation and managing the back customers again and south side location at 4717 - 99 again over the years. As a street. Rick Engel is Operations result, The Tire Warehouse Manager (and Wayne's right - was pleased to acknowledge hand man). its dedication to clients with Guy White is manager at Customer Appreciation Week, the central location 10550 -116 which ran May 1 -8. Street. Jerry Milczarek is "Our customers are very manager at the west end important to us," said Wayne location 17704 - 102 Avenue. Harris, founder of The Tire No matter which location "They keep us Service and value are the chief concern of Tire Warehouse founder Wayne Harris. Customer you choose you're assured top Warehouse. in on his vehicle while Harris makes sure Deb Crowfoot (above, left) checks out work progress quality service and competitive going. Customer satisfaction he's getting the attention and quality work his customer wants. is number one." prices at The Tire Warehouse, Back in 1979, Wayne highly experienced people, beginning at $37.95 and up, as offered. This unique diagnostic home of the Mountie on the Harris founded the business Nettie said. well as custom wheels, wheel micro -processor computer wheel. after serving 12 years with the "Our company has three balancing and computerized enables the mechanic to test And at any location you RCMP. Since then, Wayne and new locations with a total of four wheel aligning. Here the the automobile's engine system wheel into, you are assured Nettie have built a bustling 40 service bays and modern most technologically rapidly and accurately. The top quality services and business run by a committed and totally up -to -date advanced alignment system is result is better all -round engine products at the Tire and qualified staff. equipment." utilized. performance, improved gas Warehouse - the home of the Our company's strongest The Tire Warehouse offers Tune -ups using the Allen mileage and greater reliability. Mountie on the wheel. assets are our qualified and a complete line of tires, prices Smart Analyzer are service You be the judge! TheTIRE aeri ouse #.4 "Home of the Mountie on the Wheel"

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First Nations Gaming Conference and Trade Show starts May 10 For Schedule of Events and Exhibitors See Inside

$3 Million Housing Development Project a Boon to Westbank Indian Band and Okanagan Real Estate Market

Issue One: May 1993 $2.50

J FIRST NATIONS BUSINESS THE VOICE OF SELF -RELIANCE

PUBLISHER PATRICK J. GREEN

EDITOR TRISH IRVIN

DESIGN AND PRODUCTION CASSANDRA SHELDON

ACCOUNTING & ADMINISTRATION PADDI GREEN

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PRODUCED BY Titled, "The Rising Generation ", the above Statistics Canada figures show that growing CASCADIA PACIFIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. picture, photographed in northern Ontario numbers of Canadians are acknowledging PHONE: 604 -684 -0880 FAX: 604- 684 -0881 around 1904, was taken from the historical their aboriginal roots. A million Canadians Ontario picture book by Roger Hall and said they had aboriginal ancestry, a 41 per Gordon Dodds (DundurnPress). Below, 1991 cent increase from the 1986 census. FIRST NATIONS BUSINESS is published jointly with the Native Investment and Trade Association.

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Newfoundland 13,110 9,555 37 The publication is printed and distributed through the generosity and cooperation of Prince Edward Island 1,880 1,290 46 WINDSPEAKER, published by the Aboriginal Nova Scotia 21,885 14,225 46 Multi -Media Society of Alberta. New Brunswick 12,815 9,375 37 Quebec 137,615 80,945 70 Ontario 243,550 167,375 46 Manitoba 116,200 85,235 36 Saskatchewan 96,580 77,650 24 Alberta 148,220 103,925 43 Aboriginal Ancestery Britsh Columbia 169,035 126,625 33 Yukon 6,390 4,995 28 The 1991 cenus question on ethnic or Northwest Territories 35,390 30,530 16 cultural origins provided information on the number of people who reported North American Indian, Métis, or Inuit Canada 1,002,675 711,720 41 origins, either as a single respsonse or in Source: 199/ Census combination with other origins.

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On the Cover Stakes are piling up as First Nations battle for gaming rights in Canada. Photograph showing gambling chips is courtesy of Great Canadian Casinos, Vancouver, B.C. Proceeds from provincially- licensed Great Canadian Casinos help support local charities. First Nations Leaders Battle the Odds by Trish Irvin

The high stakes issue of First Nations between native leaders and government have relinquish. Manitoba has been a leader among Gaming in Canada has natives across the country been at a standstill since January when RCMP the provinces in developing gaming to raise cash betting on a sure thing - themselves. raided five Winnipeg -area reserves and shut for its beleaguered treasury. It set up the first "Welave an inherent right to run our own down their gambling operations. government -run casino in 1990. Profit is expected affairs," says Ed Pasap of Saskatchewan's Bear E.J. Fontaine, economic advisor to the to hit $16 million during fiscal 1993, up from Claw Casino which was shut down by RCMP in Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs, says negotiations $8.5 million in 1991. March. "We have the jurisdictional right to with the province are at a stalemate. "But as far B.C.'s 18 registered casinos raked in $193.9 manage our own affairs and we will do what we as we're concerned, we have the right to just go million in fiscal 1991. Under B.C. regulations, see fit for our people. 50 per cent of gaming We are going to win proceeds go to the this battle." charities that are T h e licensed to run events, jurisdictional war over 10 per cent to the gaming began in 1985 provincial government, when the federal and the remaining 40 per government turned cent to the private over responsibility for casino- management gambling to the companies. provinces,.In doing so, As Globe & Mail native leaders say, columnist Jeffrey Ottawa illegally ceded Simpson pointed out in potential sources of a his January 8 column, revenue to provincial it is the provincial governments. governments that insist Natives argue they should be the ones that Ottawa has a to license gambling and fiduciary obligation to reap the revenue care for aboriginal harvest. people and their right Says Simpson, "If they to self-government and are objecting to the that it cannot An artist's renditon of native gambling shows Crow Indians playing a sleight -of -hand morality of gambling, relinquish this game. To win a player had to guess which of his opponents hid a object. their concern seems obligation to the oddly misplaced. The provinces. last time anyone looked, Pasap says the Saskatchewan government's ahead." governments were into gambling to satisfy their decision to shut down the first native -run casino The Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs has own revenue needs. in that province has slowed things down, but proposed that the province's 62 bands set up a "Provincial lotteries are now a fixture, and we're not dead in the water yet." gaming commission to run a small number of provincial lottery corporations keep inventing "We're open for business as of April 30," casinos on reserves near Winnipeg, sharing new games of chance to lure gullible citizens says Pasap, "and as far as we're concerned, the into gambling." province has no jurisdictional right to interfere." "We have a long term goal to assert Simpson feels governments are being With the support of over a quarter million natives, our jurisdiction over gambling and hypocritical is they look askance at native Pasap believes the courts will find that the band we will do it," gambling for reasons of morality. "Running or has the authority to run its own gambling Ed Pasap working in a gambling casino might not be the operations. most edifying of occupations, but it beats welfare The Saskatchewan government has said it and unemployment. And if this kind of work is is prepared to allow more Indian gaming, but profits with all bands. Grand Chief Phil Fontaine deemed fit for non -aboriginals in government only under the authority of the provincial gaming has spoken out in favor of civil disobedience sanctioned casinos, why not in those run by the commission. over this high stakes issue. "This is an issue of natives themselves ?" "We have a long term goal to assert our economic emancipation for First Nations," he This indeed, is the million dollar question jurisdiction over gambling and we will do it," said. that native groups across the nation are asking. added Pasap. In the interim, Bear Claw Casino Natives' assertions that gaming jurisdiction The morality of self-government is not without operators may be able to acquire a licence from should fall to individual bands, have been its financial implications. the feds for gaming tables, and says Pasap, will rebuffed by provincial governments across the The question of natives investing in re -open regardless. country, from B.C. to New Brunswick. themselves is easily answered. In Manitoba, the government steadfastly The enormity of the gambling profit It is the question of when will governments refuses to allow native -run casinos. Talks potential is perhaps too vast for the provinces to listen, that remains unanswered.

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New Lease on Indian Lands Sets Westbank Band The following is an excerpt of an article writteen by Geord Holland, B. Comm., LLB, for the Precedent with Mainline Real Estate Board Newsletter KELO W NA - The Bayview development proj ect is an added feature of protection such that the Housing Project appears to be the first private project in Canada residents of the projects would be entitled to developed on Indian Lands where mortgage assume the position of the developer under the security is being insured by Canada Mortgage head lease. remain concerned KELOWNA - The $3 million dollar Bayview and Housing Corporation (CMHC). Some potential buyers The leases at Bayview are unique in that as to what will happen at the end of 99 years. housing development project on the the Westbank Indian Band and the locatee (the Clearly the terms of the head lease and sublease individual member of the band entitled to indicate the rights of the occupants will come to Westbank Indian band reserve overlooking possession of the property) have both consented an end and that the occupant must deliver up Okanagan Lake, is the first of its kind in to and signed over their rights in the land for the vacant possession of the property. full term of the 99 -year lease. It is obviously impossible to predict the Canada. This allows the Federal Crown to lease likelihood of events that may occur as the end of the developer the entire property and the 99 year term approaches. However, it is Project developers have pioneered a directly to in turn the developer is able to sublease each generally thought that market forces will prompt precedent setting Crown lease that allows individual lot as the lessors to consider subdivided. renewal of the leases for a reduced land component in the pricing Add to this the in order to encourage fact that the leases will the required repair and formula, thereby keeping selling prices down. be prepaid for the full rebuilding of the Randy Rhode of Artisan Managment term of 99 years by way premises near the end of rent which of the term, and to has successfully negotiated a unique corresponds to the land sustain the flow of portion of the land and common- costs and arrangement with Canada Mortgage and building. management fees. Housing Corporation to guarantee leases for The purchaser of With respect to the leadshold interest the matter of land taxes, the development of native lands. ends up with a home the Westbank Indian on a prepaid leasehold Band has now reached This is the first time non -natives will lot with the right of an agreement with the be living within reserve boundaries," says quiet enjoyment for the B.C. Assessment full term of the lease, Authority such that the Rhode. "Already 47 houses have been sold subject to its terms. lots and building will The effect of this be assessed by the B.C. and 18 are on deposit." is that neither the local Assessment Authority itself, and that a mill Of the 90 -acre 630 unit development, member of the Indian To coincide with the abundance of Bared nor the Indian rate will be determined natural beauty adjacent to the Bayview this project represents ten per cent of Band itself has any by the Westbank participation in the housing development overlooking Lake Indian Band which is Okanagan real estate sales. rights under the leases. Okanagan, a stunning waterfall has been consistent with the "In the past, you couldn't develop native The sub -lease constructed at the main entrance to the rates of governing does provide for the bodies in the area. subdivision. The waterfall pumps 450 lands because there was no way of securing payment of common As evidence of costs in a fashion gallons or recycled water over the rock the competitiveness of a loan," says Rhode. "Now all the banks will parallel to the payment facade and at night, the entire waterfall the Westbank Indian Band in seeking the give mortgages on these properties because of common costs under will be illuminated by over 100 spotlights. the Condominium Act development of a tax of the certificate of insurance from CMHC ". of British Columbia. However, it must be base on properties, the Band has put in place a policy which will set its tax rate competitively Financial cooperation between appreciated that Indian lands are not subject to provincial jurisdiction. None of the provincial with that of the Regional District and the City of provincial, federal and local governments acts, including the Land Title Act, Condominium Kelowna but has also undertaken to reduce Act or Builders Lien Act apply to these lands. those taxes by the equivalent of the B.C. Home and the local Westbank Indian Band has The lands are registered in the Indian Owners' Grant. in and there is no parallel This is in spite of the fact that the band will produced fruitful results for all participants. Lands Registry Ottawa or corresponding registration in the Kamloops not receive from the provincial government the In order to keep the homes affordable Land Title Registry, as is the case with other grant itself. An appeal process for assessments Indian leasehold development in this area. has been set up with a board to review the says Rhode, "we sought out land that would There are currently at least three financial concerns of an appellant in the same fashion as mortgage applications the B.C. Assessment Authority. be less expensive to build on, and we institutions accepting from parties interested in the purchase of these It seems clear that the Westbank Indian consciously charged less money for the leasehold lots. CMHC has provided necessary Band and other bands across Canada are assurances to the lending institutions as to the becoming increasingly interested in attracting homes we built, without sacrificing quality. security of their mortgage lending. business and development to Indian lands in a fashion which will be directly competitive with "Natives do have options and Another unique feature of this particular lease arrangement is the concept of the creation properties outside those lands. alternatives," added Rhode. of a British Columbia company (called Lessee Corp.), the shareholders of which will be the The road to Aboriginal self - purchasers of leasehold units in Bayview. Ad Deadline is document permits Lessee Corp. government is paved not with good The lease 20th of every month to take over the head lease in the event that the intentions, but with good investments. developer does not comply with its terms. This It's Payback Time! B.C. Natives Gambling on the Guest opinion Future Gambling is big business in B.C. and

natives are upping the ante as the become important players in the world of gaming. Governments above and below the border The absolute fact of the matter is that we Jose Villa -Arce, a policy analyst with have experienced a seizure of conscience and are a race of gamblers, we love to try our luck more than a twinge of greed as the nation's and catch the brass ring, to speculate, venture the provincial Attorney General's office told growing gambling gusto sweeps across the and go out on a limb. It is our nature to tempt country. Providence and seek the shortcut. Wagering Business in Vancouver Magazine that with Indian reservations were originally and risk -taking are part and parcel of the human the province of B.C. committed at least in permitted to provide bingo to this get -rich- mentality. quick portion of our populace. It seemed like a Whether it's the contest itself, the thrill of principle to native self-government, it was reasonably safe plan of action. winning or the agony of defeat, the excitement But those seemingly innocuous bingo halls of the chase of the moment, the risktaker in all clear that jurisdiction over gambling might are growing out of hand into full fledged casinos, of us is being preyed upon and we love it! ... be up for discussion. hotels, resorts, golf clubs, fancy bingo halls, No more so, however, than those who feel and gambling establishments. at risk by native groups' growing incomes and Gambling in B.C. is currently under I wonder what Cochise of Sitting Bull independence. might have done with a gambling option. Instead Suddenly, everyone is tracing their the umbrella of the attorney general, but of surrounding Custer, the old Chief could have heritage back to the Sioux, Apache. Seminole, natives across Canada are arguing that gaming asked Yellow Hair if he wanted to let the whole Blackfoot, Dakota, Cherokee and the seven thing ride on the next roll of the dice. Instead of tribes of Israel. You'd better be able to do a rain jurisdiction should fall to individual bands. all those bodies, a simple bet would have decided dance or don't ask for the compact. And it had the outcome. better rain! Victoria has been studying the issue Interestingly enough, conferences such But, and it is a big 'but', there is room for for more than a year says Villa -Arce. At the as Gamexpo 93 provide an opportunity for many. Expertise and experience is needed to enlightenment and education. Gaming is here to maintain control: from legal counsel to same time, the B.C. First Nations Gaming stay. I endorse and encourage it. marketing support; training of personnel to It is essential that gaming be undertaken security measures; accounting to architecture; Commission formed last year and chaired by in the most professional manner possible - casino administration to executive ablilities. Wes Modeste of Vancouver Island's from the architecture to the interior, marketing Unlike what the white man did when he stormed to merchandising, promotion to entertainment. across the plains, the Indians have opened the Cowichan Band is working on its own study, The white man is getting his comeuppance. door and invited them back in. They're just not The difference this time around is that those on accepting beads and mirrors anymore. which it hopes to release within the next the receiving end have a winning chance. The Whether he comes out with his scalp is month. real winners are the folks on the reservations. another matter but he'll be given a fair shot. To tell the truth, haven't you wished the After all, it's payback time! In the U.S., native gaming is booming, reservation was yours? And, if you are living on The last question is who will be the next a reservation, benefiting from these new laws, group seeking permission to jump on the bringing welcome jobs and revenues in its aren't you smiling from ear to ear and thanking gambling bandwagon. Can you really fit slots wake. Calvin Helm, a lawyer with Ferguson your ancestors on a regular basis? into those little igloo openings ?!!? Gifford and president of the Native

Investment and Trade Association (NITA), What's Your has taken clients on tours of Minnesota Opinion ? gambling operations, including Mystic Lake Casino. The native -run operation is the We want to hear about biggest outside Las Vegas. your First Nations Helin is also heading the First Nations business. National Gaming Council, a body formed in February to represent would -be native If you have a comment, operators' concerns. question or criticism send On May 10 and 11, Cascadia Pacific your query to the editor Communications Inc., in a joint effort with

NITA, is holding Gamexpo 93, a trade show FIRST NATIONS BUSINESS and conference on First Nations Gaming in 150 -1111 Melville St. Vancouver, B.C. Canada. V6E 3V6

We reservve the right to edit any material submitted to the editor. FIRST NATIONS GAMEXPO CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOPS Hotel Vancouver, 900 West Georgia Monday, May 10, 1993 Conference Chair Leonard Prescott, CEO, Mystic Lake Casino Former Chair of National Indian Gaming Association Tuesday, May 11, 1993 Opening Plenary Session 9:30 Session III -So You Have Decided To Develop 9:00 Opening Remarks from the Chair Financing: How To Get It 9:15 Marion Meadmore, Director, Saul F Leonard, CEO National First Nations Gaming Council Saul F. Leonard Co. Inc. Winnipeg, Man. Los Angeles, CA Future of First Nations Gaming and Economic Development in Canada Choosing Your Partner: Management Contracts or Go It Alone? 9:45 Eddie Tullis, Chairman John Tipton, Chief Financial Officer Porch Band Chairman of United South &EasterTribes of U.S. Seven Circle Resorts, Denver, CO Atmore, AL Zurich, Switzerland The Economic Impact of Gaming On Charles E. Peone, Jr. Tribal Self -Determination Business Consultant Workshops Miwok Tribal Enterprises Corp. Albuquerque, NM One -hour workshop sessions run concurrently with background papers Aliene Ross, Vice President, Planning prepared by each speaker. Sessions will be repeated. Little Six Inc., MN

Structuring The Deal Ross Tunnicliffe, Lawyer Ferguson Gifford, Native Law Group 10:30 Session I- Development Primers Vancouver, B.C. R. Cary Corbeil, CMB Business Consultant How We Did It: Tribal Gaming Success Stories in the U.S. Victoria, B.C.

Richard (Skip) Haywood, Chairman Cash Handling: Accountabilty At The Till Pequot Tribal Council Ron Gallaway, Vice President Foxwoods Casino Pequot Tribe, Leyard, CT Lodging Systems, Reno, NV Don Crofut, Vice President Mary Ellen Muir, Technical Marketing Bingo Operations Lodging Systems Mystic Lake Casino, Minneapolis, MN Reno, NV

Gaming Law Review, Interprovincial Update Design for Gaming Facilities in the Bill Ferguson, Lawyer Nineties Ferguson Gifford, Native Law Group, Vancouver, B.C. Terry Cristal, Partner Len Tomah, National AFN Gaming Number Ten Architectual Group Commissioner Winnipeg, Man. Woodstock Indian Band, N.B. Marketing The Tribal Gaming Operation Chief Delbert Riley, Director Daniel W. Duley, President, Xovox Management Inc. First Nations National Gaming Council Indian Gaming Magazine, Las Vegas, NV Chippewas of the Thames First Nations Dr. Robert Hathaway, CEO Econohic Development Commission Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, MI 1:30 Session II- Deciding To Develop 1:30 Training for Employees and Management Lou Crowder, Casino Manager, Lummi, WA Casino or Bingo Hall? Large or Small? Feasibility Casino Hotel Supervision Studies and Market Analysis Peter G. Demos Jr. President Jim Klas, Marquette Partners, Minneapolis, MN Demos and Associates Candace Evart Fox, Fox Consulting, Reno, NV San Diego, CA

The Social Impact of Gaming Operations New Concepts in Casino Development, on Tribes and Surrounding Communities The Destination Resort Steve Sherf, Marquette Partners, Minneapolis, MN Andrew Tottenham, President Melanie Benjamin, MilleLacs Band of Tottenham & Co., Gaming Consultants, Ojibway Indians, MN New York, NY and London, UK

The Economics of First Nations Gaming Putting P.R. To Work for You Hugh Gallagher,Casino Consultant David Baker, Vice president Reno, NV Wilson Public Relations Inc. Steven W, Laible, Partner Vancouver, B.C. KPMG (Peat Marwick),Minneapolis, MN Closing Plenary Session Control Issue: A Workable Regulatory Framework 5:30 Summary Wes Modeste, Self Government Coordinator, Cowichan Tribes Calvin Helin, President Cowichan, B.C. Native Investment and Trade Association TBA Representatives from B.C. Government and Co-Chair, Ferguson Gifford, Nativé Law Group Alberta AttorneyGeneral's office Vancouver, B.0

5:40 Closing Remarks from the Chair FIRST NATIONS GAMEXPO Exhibitors

Advanced Cart Technologies Lodging Systems Manufacturer of the portable bank Software, hardware, and services for gaming and hotel industry Springfield, CO Reno, NV Number Ten Architectual Group Arrow Games Inc. Gaming facilities design Bingo supplies and pull tabs Winnipeg, Man. Mississauga, Ont. Okanagan Indian Band ArrowFax Vernon, B.C. Publisher of the new Arrowfax Native Gaming Directory Winnipeg, Man. P.C. Gaming Consultants Inc. Management consultants to the casino and bingo industry Bazaar & Novelty Alta. Full service gaming supplier and manufacturer St. Catharines, Ont. Paul -Son Dice & Cards Suppliers of complete lines of gaming merchandise. Betson Entertainment Technologies Las Vega, NV Development and management of gaming and entertaiment facilities Paul Kennedy Los Angeles, CA Designer and manufacturer of ceremonial headdresses Victoria, B.C. Canada West Cash Systems Supplier of coin, currency and equipment Peat/Marwick/Thorne Edmonton, Alta Accountant and management consultants New Westminster, B.C. CHIPCO International Ltd. Manufacturers of gaming chips and tokens Ram Star Windham, ME Video gaming equipment featuring Respin 8. Platteville, CO

Dion Entertainment Corpi Bally Gaming Rocky Mountain Sportswear Gamemaker, a touch -screen VLT A unique selection of garments upon which individual casino Calgary, Alta logos and crest can be applied Calgary, Alta Double Eagle Canadian agents for Design -Tek's Electronic Touch -Screen Security Information Systems Bingo Security systems contractor and supplier Vancouver, B.C. Vancouver, B.C.

Electronic Specialists Inc. Sprung Structures and Above All Tents Design and installation of complete gaming video surveillance Manufacturers of free span structures systems Calagary ,Alta and Vernon, B.C. Las Vegas, NV Sodak Gaming Inc Ferguson Gifford Bassisters &Solicitors Distributor of slot machines, providing sales service and Full legal services for First Nations accounting systems Vancouver, B.C. Rapid City, South Dakota

Demos and Associates Thunderbird Gaming Inc. Gaming employee training consultants New Touch & Win Video slot machine. San Diego, CA Regina, Sask

G.D.C. Tobin Group Consultants Manufacturer of Casino slot tokens Manufacturers and designers of touch -screen gaming and bingo Las Vegas, NV equipment Vancouver, B.C. Harrah's Casino Hotels Casino management and development Trade Products Inc. Memphis, TENN An assortment of the finest pull -tabs and bingo equipment. Lynnwood, WA International Gaming Machines Resources Corp. In depth information regarding Gaming Equipment and Casino Universal Distributing planning Featuring new models of both reel and video machines. Calgary, Alta. Las Vegas, NV

Little Six Consulting Inc. VendTek Industries Inc. Native owned and operated consulting services for casino Supplier of automated pull -tab ticket vending machines. operations and mangement Port Coquitlam, B.C. Mystic Lake, MN FINANCE

The Key to Success for Tribal Casinos: Ovide Mercredi - Integrity Man for First Nations

The following is an excerpt of an article by Saul Leonard that appeared last January in the U.S. publication Gaming & Wagering Business. Mr. Leonard of Saul F. Leonard Co. Inc., a firm specializing in providing consulting services to the gaming industry.

In the United States, Native American Leaders appreciate that the continued success reservations are "sovereign" self-ruling nations, and existence of every gaming center in this as established in treaties between individual chain is no stronger than its weakest link. Any tribes and the U.S federal government in the late loss of integrity or taint of scandal by one, 1800's. In other words, natives are free from invariably stains public attitudes toward all Indian control by the state governments in which they casinos. are located. However, native peoples must still The following are simple rules for the initial live on neighborly terms with the states in which and continued success of gaming enterprises: they reside. By terms of a 1988 Congressional Act, the Don't oversell the concept. The worst rights of individual tribes to operate legalized approach promoters or leaders can take is games of chance on their reservatioms was to create grandiose expectations that can broadened. The goal of this federal law was to never be met. promote tribal economic development, self- sufficiency, and to further protect native rights. Work toward a consensus in the region In essence, the 1988 law said that once a state whereyou plan to operate. Bring the The man who has legalized any form of gaming, Native community into the decision -making speaks for Canada's 600,000 status Indians, Ovide Mercredi, will American reservations in that state, have the process before launching a project. Build address the issue of aboriginal gaming at the Gamexpo '93 right to offer the public the same games without goodwill. It's one of a casino's greatest assets. governmental restrictions. Conference being held May 10 and 11 at the Hotel Vancouver Convention At present, of the 278 reservations within Head off old wives tales. Publicize the Centre. The Grand Chief the Assembly the continental U.S., more than 150 are offering facts instead. Casino operations can be of of First Nations and son of a Cree fisherman games of chance ranging from bingo games, to kept within their legal limits through close and trapper, Mercredi will be the keynote table card games, to slot machines. In the U.S., supervision. In this way the influence ofshady speaker at the conference's May 11. total annual native gaming revenues are persons can be avoided. gala dinner While conference delegates on estimated at more than $1 billion dollars U.S. dine such Native delicacies as The records show that income from these Bring in the experts. Don't leave the buffalo, venison and smoked salmon, Mercredi will undoubtedly operations has produced measurable social and start-up and operation processes to offer an added pungency to the evening's meal economic benefits for a number of these tribes. educated guesses. Engage experienced with his speech titled Astute Native American leaders have come outside counsel who can provide initial "Boom, Doom or Gloom? Aboriginal Gaming in to realize that anti- native gaming articles hurt and on going strategies and procedures Canada." A soft -spoken man who takes the hard line the entire industry if a segment of the public with objectivity. on long- standing native grievances, Mercredi, loses faith in the integrity of all participants. 47, has led the Assembly of First Nations with a combination of toughness and compassion. He told Maclean's magazine last year that "When you deal with the Canadian government, you have to be hard," but added that he would always approach non -native Canadians "in the way in which our ancestors approached them - with generosity." From a young age, Mercredi has found strength, bordering on obstinance, in the traditional teachings of his culture. At age 7, he Canadian Distributor for MAXIMIZE YOUR refused to speak for a full year after enrolling in Bally Gaming Equipment ADVERTISING the Manitoba community's only school where $$$$$$ teachers insisted that he speak only English. Mercredi dropped out of school at age 16 to work as a laborer for Manitoba Hydro. He later returned to school, graduating with a law degree in 1977 from the University of Manitoba. Mercredi's ambitious professional and personal goals focus on repairing two centuries of increasingly debilitating native dependence We work with Native Organizations in Developing gaming projects. on white government. Said Mercredi: "My challenge is to turn grievances into solutions. The onus is as much on os as it is on the federal and provincial CALL FIRST NATIONS BUSINESS governments." Dion Entertainment Corp. TO PLACE YOUR AD The issue of First Nations gaming, fraught 421 -7th Ave.,S.W., Suite 3110, Box 107 with conflict and controversy between natives Calgary, Alta., T2P 4K9 and governments, is not an irreconcilable issue. PH ON E:6114-684-118811 As First Nations leaders such as Mercredi realize, Phone: (403) 266 -2680 FA X: 6114-684-11881 no problem is unsolveable that can be balanced 0 Fax: (403) 261 -3039 with traditional values and political savvy. NATURAL RESOURCES

Aboriginal Group Stakes a Claim in Mining Inter -American Industry Development Indigenous Congress Set

ONTARIO - The creation of the Canadian environment protection at the community level. for September Aboriginal Minerals Association (CAMA) in It will help mining companies establish working January gives aboriginal people a role in mineral relationships with Aboriginal communities. resource management. George Miller, president of the Mining The third Inter -American Indigenous "Increasing Aboriginal participation in the Association of Canada, views the formation of Congress on the environment and economic mining industry will be one of the many avenues CAMA as a step in the right direction. open to communities in advancing our goal of "There are significant possibilities for the development will be held in Vancouver, self sufficiency as we progress into self - involvement of Aboriginal people in future governing First Nations," said Ovide Mercredi, mineral development and spin -off activities. B.C. Sept. 15 to 19, 1993. National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations CAMA can be a vehicle for better in a letter to CAMA Director Hans L. Matthews. communications between the mining industry Canada's producing metal mines have a and Aboriginal people, and a means to improve This congress will be attended by over known metal value of more than $110 billion mutual cooperation and understanding," said dollars. Approximately 30 per cent of Aboriginal Miller. 1,200 delegates from North, Central and communities are within 50 kilometers of a CAMA Aboriginal principals have South America and will offer discussions of producing mines. Aboriginal participation in backgrounds in the mineral industry. They exploration and mine development can have a include an executive from one of the largest great benefit and value to First Nations, significant positive impact on community Aboriginal -owned heavy equipment operators economic development. in Western Canada, an Aboriginal mine business and industry as well as provincial, CAMC was created to inform Aboriginal employment coordinator, community economic national and international agencies. communities and individuals of the benefits and development officers, a resource lawyer, a opportunities available to them in the mineral prospector, geologists and a geological industry. It also serves to advance economic technologist. development, mineral resource management and Hosted by the InterTribal Forestry Association of British Columbia, the Na- tional Aboriginal Forestry Association and the International Indigenous Development Organization, the Congress will examine issues surrounding environmental protec- tion and economic development for indig-

enous people, by indigenous people.

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B.C. Creates First Nations Forestry Council

Twelve First Nations representatives and seven of B.C.; Yvonne Moon, Tahltan Tribal from the forestry industry with make up the Council; and Jean Gleason, Kaska Dena newly formed First Nations Forestry Council. Council. First Nations representatives include: The forestry industry is represented by George Watts, Nuu- chahnulth Tribal Council; Rickey Jeffrey, Truck Logger's Association; Collier Azak, Nisgá a Tribal Council; Gary Warren Ulley, IWA; Fred Lowenberger, Merkel, Ktunaxa/Kinbasket Tribal Council; Council of Forest Industries; Jim Gosline, Gary Page, Carrier -Sekani Tribal Council; Northern Interior Lumber Sector; Marlie Geraldine Shirley, South Island Tribal Council; Beets, Cariboo Lumber Manufacturers' ChiefJohn Smith, Musgamagw Tsawataineuk; Association; Gord Sluggett, Interior Lumber Garry Russ, Council of the Haida Nation; Tom Manufacturers' Association; Dirk Brinkman, Wycotte, Williams Lake Indian Band; David Western Silvicultural Contractors' Walkem, Cook's Ferry Band; Harold Association; and Linda Coady, MacMillan Derickson, Inter -Tribal Forestry Association Bloedel. LAW

SHARPENING THE SWORD FOR GAMING WARS The following is an excerpt of an article written by Calvin Helin, a member of the Gas Kw'alaams Band of the Tsimshian and co -chair of the Ferguson Gifford Native Law Group. He is also founding President of the Native Investment and Trade Association.

Headlines are abuzz with "Indian Gaming Nations cannot be compared to the U.S. tribes of 'federal paramountcy' would apply (i.e. where Wars ". Many reserve gaming operations have given differences between the legal systems. there are inconsistencies of conflicting federal been raided. Rhetoric and threats have come What can be compared to the U.S. situation is and provincial laws, the federal law prevails). forth from provinces and First Nations. Aboriginal the general process of evolution that has First Nations might further argue that groups have reacted strongly to provincial occurred. Canadian First Nations can bring some various forms of gaming have long been a part of interference in what are viewed as internal matters compelling legal arguments to bear on the matter aboriginal culture and are therfore protected as of self-government. in Canada. an aboriginal right under section 35(1) of the Provinces have reacted equally strongly The first argument might be that the federal Constitution Act, 1982 as an "...existing maintaining that gaming is a legitimate area of government has a fiduciary responsibility to aboriginal right ". provincial jurisdiction (though delegated) that aboriginal people (as was recognized by the It could be maintained that the right to extends to reserves. Where confrontation has Supreme Court of Canada in the Guerin and gamble, even though it has been extensively occurred positions have become entrenched. The Sparrow cases). In Sparrow, the court held that regulated, is akin to the the right to fish in result has been that the opportunity for "...the government has the responsibility to act Sparrow. The Supreme Court found in Sparrow constructive solutions has accordingly in a fiduciary capacity with respect to aboriginal that the fishing right, which was regulated in diminished. peoples. The relationship between the great detail, had never been extinguished. This This is too bad because, in the short-term, government and aboriginals is trust -like, rather right, like the aboriginal fishing right, arguably mutually acceptable agreements are probably than adversarial..." still exists. the best way to ensure the orderly devolution of Defining what fiduciary obligations the Also, using the language of Sparrow, this gaming powers to aboriginal groups and the right "should be interpreted flexibly so as to integrity of gaming operations. permit its evolution over time...and is 'affirmed' in a contemporary form rather that primeval One point that all sides seem to agree on The right to gamble and control is gaming operations have to be run to a simplicity and vigour ". that gaming might be argued to be a high business standard and be developed free of The right to gamble and control gaming criminal and other undesirable elements. Tribes logical part of the self - might be argued to be a logical part of the self- (cognizant of vigorous provincial opposition to government right to control governmental right to control economic attempts in the 1970's to establish federal economic development. development. lotteries) feel the real reason for provincial Calvin Helin Has there been any legislation to extinguish opposition to aboriginal gaming is that some the right to self-government? I cannot think of provinces simply don't want competition for any where the intention of the sovereign is this revenue source. plain" (as the required for Provinces that do not negotiate in good complicated matter of law. However, an easy extinguishment of aboriginal fishing rights in faith with First Nations face the prospect of way to explain what it means is simply that the Sparrow). ultimately painting themselves into a government must act in the best interest of If the right to self -government was jurisdictional corner. In the U.S. this happened aboriginal peoples. successfully established, it could be further through litigation. The decision that led to the Since the federal government has contended that the right to control economic Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) in the jurisdiction for gaming (that has merely been development (hence gaming) is an incident to U.S. was California v. Cabazon Band of Mission delegated to the provinces), it might be argued this right. However, if this were established, the Indians. that this fiduciary responsibility includes right could only be limited if a court is satisfied The state sought to regulate bingo games reoccupying this area of jurisdiction and enacting that the infringing legislation "justifies" and prohibit the conduct of card games run by more comprehensive legislation. It might be interference. two separate bands. The U.S. Supreme Court aruged that the current situation is causing undue These are some of the weapons that First essentially affirmed the decision of the U.S. hardship for those First Nations in provinces nations may take to the "gaming wars" battlefield Federal District Court's ruling that "neither the that have not take liberal approaches to aboriginal with the provinces. The stakes are high enough state nor the county had any authority to enforce gaming. to warrant picking the cases with the right facts, its gambling laws within the reservations." Provinces might argue that they could ensuring that they are funded properly and In response to Cabazon, the IGRA became regulate gaming directly under section 92 of the assembling a top notch legal team. effective in 1988. This was enacted largely in Constitution Act, 1982 or that provincial - The most intelligent approach, however, response to requests from state government to be regulations extend to gaming on reserve lands. is for provinces and First Nations to sit down involved in establishing a regulatory framework First, these issues are unsettled at law. together and intelligently hammer out for tribes within their respective states. Second, even if they cou d do this in the face of constructive arrangements - fair arrangements Certainly the position of Canada's First clear federal jurisdiction in the area, the doctrine with which everyone can live.

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A Framework for Gaming Development

The following is an excerpt of a speech given by Lou Crowder, General Manager, Lummi Casino, WA., at the First Nations Gaming Conference in Vancouver last year. A graduate of the University of Arizona College of Law, Crowder has served as General Counsel to the Navajo Nation and has represented more that a dozen Native American tribes. He will be speaking at the Gamexpo '93 Conference May 11 at 1:30 p.m. to discuss casino training for employees and management.

"...We manage one Casino in San Diego, sense of self-confidence and also a sense of a budget that the community understands and the tribe has 32 enrolled members, the Casino responsibility and a sense of leadership. They that the Lummi managers have developed and has 820 employees and there are five band train the rest of the band members on the floor prepared and they will also be able to defend, members employed by the Casino. That is not and impose new kinds of discipline which have manage, apply and use the budget as a tool Indian gaming. It is gaming that happens to take not traditionaly taken place on the reserve. because now they understand. place on a very small reservation. At Lummi, I Most band members on the reserve have Part of the training is to provide people think we are involved in what I will characterize not had the heritage of watching both parents go with the opportunity to advance their education. as true Indian gaming. to work at seven o'clock every morning and Every community member who works in a The training begins with the structuring coming back at five after a days work. Not with Casino gets the opportunity to further their within the band. When the tribal leaders agree, 80 per cent unemployment. We have 59 education. We pay them to go to school and pay they then have to make a commitment to be employees who are tribal members and have all the related costs. They do not have to study involved in all the negotiations because they are never had a Social Security Card which suggests anything that relates to the Casino because as the first people trained. they have never worked. they are able to further their education and move The management company is responsible There is an absence of traditional to another job. for training the tribal political leaders about discipline, or what they refer to as corporate The true First Nations or Indian gaming what the "management contract" really means. discipline. We all joke about it because we are and training involves more than just the concept What is the "gaming enterprise ?" What impact not a corporation, we are a tribal enterprise. This of teaching a small community how to manage is it going to have on the community? How is corporate discipline and mentality have to be effective gaming. that impact going to be controlled? How are you instilled and the best way to do that is to have The mandate from the tribe with regard to going to deal with thousands of non -Natives meaningful employment is much more important driving across the reserve? What is the tribal than the income dream. If you question that self-image with regards to morality of gaming? statement, ask anyone you come into contact Is the tribe comfortable with that? Are the tribe There is an absence of traditional with, is the money more important or would you members comfortable with that? discipline, or what they refer to as rather have meaningful employment As training stages take place, you get to a opportunities for corporate discipline. We all joke community members and less point where you begin to hire employees. The profits? we first employees you have to hire will be non- about it because are not a I think the answer is obvious. If you come Natives. You have to train these non -Natives as corporation, we are a tribal to visit us and listen to the everyday conversation to what this business is all about; a historical enterprise. up there, you will find that Indian gaming in the perspective of what sovereignty means, what Lou Crowder United States has very little to do with gaming trust planning is, and about what is the nature of and everything to do with economic development natives' relationship to the government, the and social projects. province, the city and the country. If those employees do not understand what members of the community work together with you have done as you brought in the gaming other members of the community. mentality, and they don't know what they are Soon you find that if someone comes in supposed to do, and don't know the history of the and has had a drink, management doesn't have band and they don't share the values, then when to deal with it. If he or she has alcohol on his it comes time to begin training tribal employees, breath his own peers will deal with ,it. I find it is very helpful to talk to them about the I would note that substance abuse and the same issues: sovereignty, trust, trust lands, trade crime rate on the reservation have plummeted and relations. since the Casino opened. Meaningful The employment that one provides employment has a marvelous impact on the to the band members must involve initial training. community and I would like to mention There must be room for advancement and something that has happened in the last two promotion because you cannot train people weeks. without offering them promotions. Training has We gave a turkey to every employee. to involve the more difficult element: instilling About 100 tribal members came back and said confidence and self-esteem. that this was the first time in years that they In nine months at Lummi, we have hired could afford to buy their own. turkey. They and trained 238 band members. At the present asked me if I could put the turkey back in the time, 80 per cent of our management staff are refrigerator and give it to one of the poorer Bill Tobin's wireless wizardry as a satellite tribal members. Their performances are families on the reservation. communications person has created a outstanding. We will match the efficiency of our These are the kind of actions that make the Video Lotto Terminal to beat all VLT's. willingness with the efficiency of the games community more meaningful. Called KATS, this customer activated with any Nevada operation. The band members Everything that management does should terminal system (above) will not only let are doing a superb job. be designed to train and teach the budgeting you buy your Lotto tickers, play bingo, The atmosphere that I think is created, is a process. All but two departments are managed card games and pulltabs, it can be used as community facility. Before we opened the casino by tribal community members. They have to a educational tool as well, able to access the doors, the elders were invited in. We had the prepare their own budgets, defend them, work it wealth of information and programming appropriate ceremonies. We also reminded them out with the people under their supervision then available through satellite technology. that this was their Casino. come back in and use it as a training device so Operating the terminal requires only the We have accelerated the training, sent that next year it will be easier for them to defend touch of a finger. Tobin's machine will be them to Las Vegas where they have been the budget. on display at the First Nations gaming attending classes at the University of Las Vegas It would have been easy to develop a trade show at the Vancouver Game Expo'93 and graduate schools. budget with the controller behind closed doors. Conference May 10 - 11. 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