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UC Santa Cruz Other Recent Work Title Ocean Odysseys: Jack O'Neill, Dan Haifley, and the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20h2q1h9 Authors O'Neill, Jack Haifley, Dan Reti, Irene et al. Publication Date 2012-04-01 Supplemental Material https://escholarship.org/uc/item/20h2q1h9#supplemental eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Ocean Odysseys: Jack O’Neill, Dan Haifley & The Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Humpback whale surfaces near O’Neill Catamaran filled with schoolchildren. Photo: Steve Lawson Interviewed and Edited by Irene Reti Regional History Project University of California, Santa Cruz University Library 2012 Ocean Odysseys: Jack O’Neill, Dan Haifley, and the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Copyright © 2012 by the Regents of the University of California. All uses of these oral histories are covered by copyright agreement between the interviewees and the Regents of the University of California. Under “fair use” standards, excerpts of up to six hundred words (per interview) may be quoted without the Regional History Project’s permission as long as the materials are credited. Quotations of more than six hundred words require the written permission of the University Librarian and may also require a fee. Under certain circumstances, not-for-profit users may be granted a waiver of the fee. To contact the Regional History Project: [email protected] or Regional History Project McHenry Library, UC Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa Cruz, CA 95064 Phone: 831-459-2847 A big thank you to Jack O’Neill for his enthusiasm for and financial contribution to this oral history project; to Dan Haifley and Jack and Bridget O’Neill for the time they devoted to these interviews; to Patrice Riley for her help; to Esther Ehrlich, consulting editor, for her skillful editing; to Christine Bunting, Head of Special Collections and Archives at the UCSC Library for helping me conceptualize this project and supporting my work to bring this project to fruition; and to Ginny Steel, University Librarian at UC Santa Cruz, for supporting the Regional History Project’s efforts to document the history of the Central Coast region of California. A condensed version of this volume is available in trade paperback version from Amazon.com and your local bookstore. 2 Table of Contents Aboard Team O’Neill. Photo: Irene Reti Introduction 5 Jack and Bridget O’Neill: “The Ocean is Alive and We’ve Got To Take Care Of It” 13 Dan Haifley: How Battling Big Oil Led To A Protected Ocean Classroom 32 Appendix: Save Our Shores 1986-1993: How a Fight Against Offshore Oil Resulted in the Largest Marine Sanctuary in the Continental United States 136 Timeline 151 About the Editor 3 Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris). Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Photographer: Robert Schwemmer, CINMS, NOAA. 4 Introduction It’s a crisp day in early November 2011. I’m on board Team O’Neill, a sixty-five foot catamaran sailing on the Monterey Bay. I’m surrounded by a class of animated fifth graders in orange life jackets on an O’Neill Sea Odyssey field trip. They’re from Alianza School, a bilingual charter school in Watsonville, California. We’ve navigated the mouth of the Santa Cruz Yacht Harbor and headed past the small red tower of Mile Buoy, where sea lions crowd together for a rest. The wave-sculpted cliffs of Santa Cruz outlined clearly on the tilting horizon look tiny and unfamiliar from sea. I look south and try to spot Jack O’Neill’s house on Pleasure Point. A sea otter surfaces near the boat and one of the instructors gathers the students in a circle. “We’re flying over the canopy of an underwater kelp forest,” she says. She begins a lesson about kelp forest ecology, taking out a sea otter pelt for them to stroke. “Oh, you gotta go out on the boat!” Jack had invited two weeks ago, in his raspy, warm voice. We were basking in October sunlight that poured through Jack’s picture window overlooking the Monterey Bay. I had come to do an oral history interview with Jack and his daughter, Bridget, about the history of O’Neill Sea Odyssey, which offers sailing trips in a living classroom to fourth through sixth-grade students from schools throughout Central California. Winter waves pushed rhythmically against the sea wall under our feet. Surf was audible even through the window. The structure we sat in seemed more ship than house, and bearded, one-eyed Jack (he suffered an eye injury from a surfboard leash many years ago) is definitely the captain. Outside, surfers caught waves over some of the best breaks on the Pacific Coast. Lines of prehistoric-looking pelicans surfed the air at eye level right past the window. The waves, the birds, the surfers, the sun wove themselves into the brief oral history Jack had the time and energy to give in his late eighties. Jack’s daughter, Bridget, perched across from us on a stool. Bridget is board chair for O’Neill Sea Odyssey and is vice president of O’Neill, Incorporated. She had graciously offered to participate in the interview. “What a beautiful spot,” I remarked before we began recording, my eyes traveling across the shining expanse of bay to the Monterey Peninsula floating like an island on the horizon. “I don’t know what I’d do without this,” Jack replied. Jack O’Neill is still a powerful man with a restorative relationship with the sea that has sustained him in both the best and worst times of his life. “I used to jump into the ocean about once a day. I lived down at the beach and I’d get up in the morning and jump in at noon and I’d jump in in the evening,” he told me when we 5 met to plan his oral history. But for Jack the ocean is more than a source of personal therapy or a surfing playground. He has a deep ecological sense of its fragility and its importance. “The ocean is alive, and we’ve got to take care of it,” he often says in interviews, including this one. Jack O’Neill is best known as a pioneering innovator of the wetsuit that made cold water surfing possible and thereby revolutionized the surfing world. This story is well told in Drew 1 Kampion’s 2011 beautiful and detailed book Jack O’Neill: It’s Always Summer on the Inside. Two oral histories are published here. The first is with Jack O’Neill and his daughter Bridget and focuses specifically on the O’Neill Sea Odyssey. The second is with Dan Haifley, executive director of O’Neill Sea Odyssey. Some background on both Jack O’Neill and Dan Haifley is necessary to contextualize the oral histories. 1 Jack was born in Denver, Colorado in 1923 and raised primarily in Los Angeles, California during the Great Depression. He started ocean swimming at the beach in Orange County, California and caught his first glimpse of a surfboard at Long Beach. As a young man, Jack worked as a lumberjack and served in the Army Air Corps. He then studied engineering and earned a business degree from the University of Portland. In 1949, he moved to San Francisco, where he worked on Italian crab fishing boats and later sold architectural aluminum, fire extinguishers, and skylights in downtown San Francisco. On his lunch breaks, he dashed down to foggy Ocean Beach to surf the cold waves. In those days, surfers donned wool sweaters to keep warm in the water. A wet, heavy sweater was no picnic to wear while surfing. “We’d go out surfing and our skin would be all numb,” Jack told me. “Your capillaries are close. So your skin would be really numb. They used to build fires, the older guys used to build fires on the beach. I used to have a room at 2444 Great Highway, and it was steam heat. And if I didn’t get warmed up on the beach, I’d stand under that shower for a half an hour.” A natural inventor, Jack bought PVC at a surplus store and stuffed it into his bathing trunks in an effort to stay warm. Later he replaced the PVC with a sample of a brand-new material called neoprene provided to him by a scientist friend. That worked much more effectively than the PVC. Intrigued, Jack began sewing pieces of neoprene into vests. He encouraged his surfing friends to try them out. Though dubious at first, they were impressed by how much warmer they felt. When the vests grew popular, Jack decided to market them at his Surf Shop housed in a garage near the Great Highway in San Francisco, where he was already selling surfboards 1 Drew Kampion, Jack O’Neill: It’s Always Summer on the Inside (Chronicle Books, 2011). Some of this background was taken from several pre-interviews I conducted with Jack O’Neill. 6 made from balsa wood. By that time, he had lost his job selling architectural materials in downtown San Francisco when, after one of his lunchtime surfing breaks, he had leaned over an architectural drawing and salty water dripped out of his nose, appalling the client. At the Surf Shop, Jack developed designs for a shorty, a long john and a long-sleeved beaver-tail jacket. Voila! Surfers could withstand the cold water. Soon Northern California became a year- round surfing area. And here were the beginnings of O’Neill, now an international company at the top of the world’s wetsuit market.