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K. Bilby How the ýolder headsý talk: a Jamaican Maroon spirit possession language and its relationship to the creoles of Suriname and Sierra Leone In: New West Indian Guide/ Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 57 (1983), no: 1/2, Leiden, 37-88 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 11:19:53AM via free access 37 KENNETH M. BILBY HOW THE "OLDER HEADS" TALK: A JAMAICAN MAROON SPIRIT POSSESSION LANGUAGE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE CREOLES OF SURINAME AND SIERRA LEONE Introduction 37 The meaning of 'deep' language 39 Some distinctive characteristics of'deep' language 42 The question of preservation 56 Historical questions 59 Notes 62 Appendix A-C 70 References 86 In the interior of Jamaica exist four major Maroon communities, inhabited by the descendants of slaves who escaped from planta- tions during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and gained their freedom by treaty in 1739. The present-day Maroon settle- ments — Moore Town, Charles Town, and Scott's Hall in the east, and Accompong in the west — are now nearly indistin- guishable, on the surface, from other rural Jamaican villages.1 Among the things which continue to set the Maroons apart from their non-Maroon neighbors are a number of linguistic features which appear to be found only in Maroon areas. The Maroon settlements have been described by two leading authorities as "centres of linguistic conservatism" (Cassidy & Le Page 1980: xli); but very little substantial documentation has yet appeared in print to back up this claim.2 While conducting an ethnographic study among the Jamaican Maroons in 1977-8,1 encountered a number of complex linguistic phenomena which were closely tied to the traditional ceremonial sphere in the various communities. -
The Process Writing Approach in Bhutan : a Case of Cross-National
The Process Writing Approach in Bhutan: A case of cross-national policy borrowing Dechen Zangmo Master in Education The University of New England, Australia. Bachelor of Education Samtse College of Education Royal University of Bhutan. Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Education and Arts at the University of Newcastle, Australia. August, 2013 PWA in Bhutan – Dechen Zangmo Page 1 Declaration This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being made available for loan and photocopying subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Dechen Zangmo (Signed): ……………………………………………. (Candidate) Date: August 2013 PWA in Bhutan – Dechen Zangmo Page ii Dedication First of all I would like to dedicate this work to my late father, Sonam Wangchuk and mother, Pema Dechen who were both teachers. My father’s passion on using various modern methods to teach English in contrast to my mother’s keenness for rote learning of prayers in Dzongkha, their differences on the preference of methods inspired me to explore the current Bhutanese teachers view on “Process Writing Approach,” an approach from a different culture. I would also like to dedicate this work to Werner Christen, my husband. -
BHUTAN @Appeal for the Release of Tek Nath Rizal: Prisoner of Conscience
£BHUTAN @Appeal for the Release of Tek Nath Rizal: Prisoner of Conscience Tek Nath Rizal, a prisoner of conscience and a former member of the National Assembly and Royal Advisory Council, is spending his fourth year in prison in Bhutan. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on 16 November 1993, but granted a pardon by King Jigme Singye Wangchuck three days later. However, the pardon was made conditional on the Governments of Nepal and Bhutan resolving the problem of the southern Bhutanese refugees living in refugee camps in Nepal. In January 1994, he was transferred to Chamgang prison from Thimphu Central prison where he had been reportedly held in handcuffs. Amnesty International believes that he is a prisoner of conscience held for the peaceful exercise of his rights to freedom of expression and association and is calling for his immediate and unconditional release. Tek Nath Rizal was sentenced to life imprisonment on 16 November 1993 by the High Court in Thimphu after a trial which lasted 10 months. He was found guilty of four out of nine offences under the Thrimshung Chhenpo (General Law of the Land) and the National Security Act 1992. The charges of which he was found guilty included treasonable acts against the Tsa-Wa-Sum (King, Country and People), attempts to create misunderstanding or hostility between Bhutan and friendly countries, and "sowing communal discord" between different communities in the Kingdom. Tek Nath Rizal had been first arrested in 1988 after petitioning the King about alleged unfair practices adopted during the 1988 census operation, including retroactive application of the 1985 Citizenship Act. -
FIC-Prop-65-Notice-Reporter.Pdf
FIC Proposition 65 Food Notice Reporter (Current as of 9/25/2021) A B C D E F G H Date Attorney Alleged Notice General Manufacturer Product of Amended/ Additional Chemical(s) 60 day Notice Link was Case /Company Concern Withdrawn Notice Detected 1 Filed Number Sprouts VeggIe RotInI; Sprouts FruIt & GraIn https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl Sprouts Farmers Cereal Bars; Sprouts 9/24/21 2021-02369 Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- Market, Inc. SpInach FettucIne; 02369.pdf Sprouts StraIght Cut 2 Sweet Potato FrIes Sprouts Pasta & VeggIe https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl Sprouts Farmers 9/24/21 2021-02370 Sauce; Sprouts VeggIe Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- Market, Inc. 3 Power Bowl 02370.pdf Dawn Anderson, LLC; https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl 9/24/21 2021-02371 Sprouts Farmers OhI Wholesome Bars Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- 4 Market, Inc. 02371.pdf Brad's Raw ChIps, LLC; https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl 9/24/21 2021-02372 Sprouts Farmers Brad's Raw ChIps Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- 5 Market, Inc. 02372.pdf Plant Snacks, LLC; Plant Snacks Vegan https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl 9/24/21 2021-02373 Sprouts Farmers Cheddar Cassava Root Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- 6 Market, Inc. ChIps 02373.pdf Nature's Earthly https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl ChoIce; Global JuIces Nature's Earthly ChoIce 9/24/21 2021-02374 Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- and FruIts, LLC; Great Day Beet Powder 02374.pdf 7 Walmart, Inc. Freeland Foods, LLC; Go Raw OrganIc https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl 9/24/21 2021-02375 Ralphs Grocery Sprouted Sea Salt Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- 8 Company Sunflower Seeds 02375.pdf The CarrIngton Tea https://oag.ca.gov/system/fIl CarrIngton Farms Beet 9/24/21 2021-02376 Company, LLC; Lead es/prop65/notIces/2021- Root Powder 9 Walmart, Inc. -
$|I9 Ury of the Military and Veteran* Document Trom Army Files
' -’ey* \ jn-M ‘ • • » *’ * ■ ' ilONDAY/jANUARY 24. i^55 Avflraite D i^ r Nat Prtsg H «| Far U& Week Ba4M Tha Wcathar nU3B8DCnSII W m n a m lEvenittg f^eralil Jtat. S3. 1888 Fssacaa* ef b. g. Q 11,550 CMMy, «sM tsaight, efeartag Members Of the WATES, newest Mra George Marlow edll be Couple SiirpHsed towaN momlag. Lew lg-8t. W ed local women's club, aimounca that leader of the meeting Tuesday Sdiendel Receives Award McMtor at tke Audit nesday, partly eleedy, eeld. Mglt' . About Town - their first fund-raising voflturs' sVenlBg at 8 o'clock at the home Anniversary Bureaa.at Ctrewlatlea 86-88. will take the form of a food sale of Mrs. Louis HurwiU, 104 'Con-' HALE'S JANUAI MancJusler^A City of ViUage Charm way Rd., when the Guardianship A . I.C. <3 > r ia to p ^ W . Hewitt, eonThursday, Jan. JT, .at flihO a. b l , /■ bill with regard to neglected chil^' « f Mr. and Mn. Albert O. Hewitt, la H b1s> store. ' - Mr. and Xrs. Frank M. Tan/I dren w ill be discussed, by members TT W eet a t . he* been i>romoteil to kowski, 88 North St, were pteas- VOL. LXXIV, NO, S7' (EIGHTEEN PAGES) MANCHESTER, CONN^ TUESDAY, JANUARY 25, 1955 (CUaallled AdvartMag an Fag* 16) PRICE nVE CENTS the riuBk bit noa-commlMioned of* Memberh of St Margarets of the League of Women Vofera ahtly surprised yeeterday when WHITE SAI Ahother meeting will be held Wed --- --- ^ -- - fleer, staff sergeant Circle, Daughters of Isabella, have they arrived at the home of their p^poned their covered dUh sup nesday at 8:80 a m. -
In Pursuit of Happiness, Bhutan Opens to Globalization and Business
In Pursuit of Happiness, Bhutan Opens to Globalization and Business Kimberly A. Freeman, Ph.D. Mercer University Katherine C. Jackson Mercer University ABSTRACT The Kingdom of Bhutan, a small country situated on the border between China and India, has in recent years become a constitutional democratic monarchy. As part of its 2008 constitution, Bhutan committed to promote conditions that would enable the pursuit of Gross National Happiness. The country thus initiated an effort to improve the quality of life and happiness for its citizens and has embraced globalization far more than previously through attracting business, tourism, and communications. The author’s herein address some of the initiatives provide the context within which these efforts have arisen. Keywords: Bhutan; Gross National Happiness (GNH); Globalization; Constitutional democratic monarchy 1. Introduction In 2006, the 4th King of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, decided he wanted to open Bhutan up to the world and usher in modernization. Forty years ago, in 1972, Bhutan’s fourth king stated that “Bhutan should pursue Gross National Happiness (GNH) rather than Gross National Product (GNP)…with an emphasis not only on economic growth, but also on culture, mental health, social values, compassion, and community” (Sachs, 2011, p. 2) He chose to abdicate the throne to his eldest son and announced Bhutan would hold its first general elections in 2008. His son, King Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck, took the throne of the new democratic Bhutan on December 14, 2006. Jigme Yoser Thinley was elected prime minister in the election, and Bhutan’s constitution was ratified on July 18, 2008. The concept of GNH has a very long history in Bhutan. -
Chapter 5 Culture and Tradition in Opposition to Westernisation
Chapter 5: Culture and Tradition in Opposition to Westernisation This chapter aims to understand the different discourses about modernisation, culture and tradition which exist among young people in Bhutan. Following Bourdieu’s framework, the chapter will examine the universe of discourse and the universe of the undiscussed by deconstructing both “modernisation”, and “culture and tradition”. In order to provide the setting of the multiple discourse in Bhutan this chapter firstly describes the background to the different kinds of education system which operate within the society. There are three kinds of education in Bhutan, namely English medium education, Dzongkha medium education and monastic education. The social context of each educational system will be discussed in terms of their influence on an individual’s career scope. The first part of this chapter also examines this social context in relation to Bourdieu’s idea of “mode of domination”, a perspective which provides several historical and theoretical insights. Secondly, I will introduce discourses on modernisation, culture and tradition. By deconstructing perceptions of “modernisation” and “Bhutanese culture and tradition”, the different opinions of young people will be examined. The ways in which young people criticise other people’s opinions and defend their own point of view will be investigated and the background/motivation of each discourse will be examined using Bourdieu’s framework. The last part of the chapter will investigate the universe of the undiscussed, the doxa, and its background. 5.1 Contexts of multiple discourse Modern English medium education is the dominant mode of education today and encompasses the largest number of schools and students of the three types of system. -
The Myth Behind Alcohol Happiness Author: Dr
The Myth Behind Alcohol Happiness Author: Dr. Chencho Dorji Abstract By drawing on the socio-cultural, religious and traditional practices that encourage the use of alcohol in Bhutan, the author will examine the causes and factors that induce and maintain drinking habits among Bhutanese. Next, the impact of heavy drinking on Gross National Happiness will be examined. As an outcome of this study, some relevant strategies to minimize harm related to alcohol in Bhutan will be presented. Author’s background Dr. Chencho Dorji is a consultant psychiatrist and technical advisor to the National Mental Health Programme – Bhutan. He has written several articles on mental health in Bhutan including the article “Achieving Gross National Happiness (GNH) through Community-based Mental Health Services in Bhutan”, which he presented during the first seminar on GNH in Thimphu 2004. Contact address: J D W National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan Email address: [email protected] Telephone: +975 2 325201 (residence) +975 2 322496/7 (office) Fax: +975 2 325384 INTRODUCTION In the pursuit of happiness, human beings will do anything. Some opt for the long haul, while others prefer a shortcut. A common shortcut is alcohol, known to produce happiness or euphoria, even if momentarily. For this reasons, millions of people worldwide drink it repeatedly everyday. Scientific research has proved that alcohol releases dopamine in the brain, which is responsible for the pleasure sensation. Humankind has used alcohol in one form or another as early as the Stone Age. History is beset with anecdotes of heavy drinking: from Europe to Asia, the Americas to Africa, alcohol has played a significant role in shaping history, politics and religion. -
YTL Life's Haute Summer Fashion Narrative
YTL Issue Twelve The YTL Luxury Magazine The YTL Luxury Magazine The YTL Azur Like It Spring Arrives in Saint-Tropez Cuisine Sans Frontieres Chef Martin Yan on Eating, Drinking & Living PP 15585/10/2010(025760) Sound Trek Celebrated Film Music Composer, Michael Brook The Art of Jamu • SIHH 2011 Report • Tomas Maier OMEGA_YTL. pdf Page 1 3/ 17/ 11, 4: 49 PM Contents 12 14 Life on the Cover 12 The sleek Muse Hôtel de Luxe naturalist is to introduce guests 44 Canadian film music composer reopens this April. to nature’s many wonders. Michael Brook shares his views about his creative 14 Chef Nicolas Le Toumelin of its process, the messages behind M Restaurant lets us in on the Life Feature the music he creates and simple elegance of his cuisine. 28 As the perfect all-weather the advantages of staying holiday destination, Japan's under the Hollywood radar. 16 For over a century, the Côte Niseko offers a wealth of d’Azur, or the French Riviera, has activities for the adventure- been the epicentre of style. inclined. Designer Life 48 Pangkor Laut Estates, the 32 Introducing a designer playlist exclusive beachfront retreat Life Events of tracks created exclusively at the award-winning Pangkor 18 Earth Hour in Singapore. by YTL’s very own music man Laut Resort is the scene for Gavin Aldred. YTL Life's haute summer fashion narrative. Life Bites 34 Chef Martin Yan, the first Asian 22 Hot happenings at to successfully break into the YTL Hotels. US mainstream media, remains Beautiful Life irrepressibly enthusiastic over 58 In an exclusive interview, sharing his love and knowledge Bottega Veneta’s Tomas View of Life of Chinese food. -
The History of the Introduction and Adoption of Important Food Crops in Bhutan
The history of the introduction and adoption of important food crops in Bhutan Rice, maize, potato and chili Dedicated to the Fourth Druk Gyalpo Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Biodiversity Centre Ministry of Agriculture and Forests Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan 2nd June 2015 Working team members 1. Dr. Tashi Y. Dorji, Program Director, National Biodiversity Centre, MoAF 2. Asta M. Tamang, Principal Biodiversity Officer, National Biodiversity Centre, MoAF 3. Dr. Ronnie Vernoy, Policy Expert, Bioversity International, Rome CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................ 6 ACRONYMS .............................................................................. 6 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 8 2. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY .......................................... 9 3. METHODS .......................................................................... 10 3.1. Initial compilation of literature .......................................... 10 3.2. Selection of crops ............................................................... 10 3.3. Compilation of country-specific information ..................... 10 3.4. Literature review ................................................................ 11 3.5. Documentation ................................................................. 11 4. RICE ................................................................................... -
Korea, the Forgotten War...Remembered
Staff Officers The Graybeards Presidential Envoy to UN Forces: Kathleen Wyosnick The Magazine for Members and Veterans of the Korean War. P.O. Box 3716, Saratoga, CA 95070 The Graybeards is the official publication of the Korean War Veterans Association, PH: 408-253-3068 FAX: 408-973-8449 PO Box, 10806, Arlington, VA 22210, (www.kwva.org) and is published six times Judge Advocate and Legal Advisor: Sherman Pratt per year for members of the Association. 1512 S. 20th St., Arlington, VA 22202 EDITOR Vincent A. Krepps PH: 703-521-7706 24 Goucher Woods Ct. Towson, MD 21286-5655 Washington, DC Affairs: Blair Cross PH: 410-828-8978 FAX: 410-828-7953 904B Martel Ct., Bel Air, MD 21014 E-MAIL: [email protected] PH: 410-893-8145 MEMBERSHIP Nancy Monson PO Box 10806, Arlington, VA 22210 National Chaplain: Irvin L. Sharp, PH: 703-522-9629 16317 Ramond, Maple Hights, OH 44137 PUBLISHER Finisterre Publishing Incorporated PH: 216-475-3121 PO Box 70346, Beaufort, SC 29902 Korean Ex-POW Associatiion: Elliott Sortillo, President E-MAIL: [email protected] 2533 Diane Street, Portage, IN 46368-2609 National KWVA Headquarters National VA/VS Representative: Michael Mahoney PRESIDENT Harley J. Coon 582 Wiltshire Rd., Columbus, OH 43204 4120 Industrial Lane, Beavercreek, OH 45430 PH: 614-279-8630 PH: 937-426-5105 or FAX: 937-426-8415 Liaison for Canada: Bill Coe E-MAIL: [email protected] Office Hours: 9am to 5 pm (EST) Mon.–Fri. 59 Lenox Ave., Cohoes, N.Y.12047 PH: 518-235-0194 National Officers Korean Advisor to the President: Myong Chol Lee 1st VICE PRESIDENT Edward L. -
LANDMARK English Communication I「発問シナリオ」(授業展開)サンプル
LANDMARK English Communication I「発問シナリオ」(授業展開)サンプル 本文理解の深さを問う発問活動(各パート Q&A 活動)Can-Do 尺度例 「教科書本文を読んで、本文の流れを踏まえて重要な内容を理解することができる」 ① 前提となる背景的事実や出来事について答えることが難しい。 ② 前提となる背景的事実や出来事について答えることができる。 …… ②「前提」発問 ③ 中心の命題(イイタイコト)について答えることができる。 …… ③「命題」発問 ④ 背後の理由や詳細情報などの展開について答えることができる。 …… ④「展開」発問 ※ Teacher’s Manual ⑦「Can-Do リスト解説書」(pp.6-8)参照 Lesson 3 “School Uniforms” 発問シナリオ概要 発問を通して本文の理解確認を行い、授業への深い理解を促すことを目的としている。教科書の 脚注質問を、中心の命題(イイタイコト)発問と位置づけ、その前提となる背景的事実や出来事を 引き出す発問と予想される生徒の回答をシナリオ化している。パートごとに、発話内容ごとにラベ リングをしているので、発話の流れと内容を確認できるようになっている。字義的な理解にとどま らず、深い内容理解のための推測発問例を示している。パート2・3に関しては、教師が補足的情 報を提示しながら、より深い理解を促す発問例になっている。特に【Advanced】のパートについて は、生徒の理解に応じて利用してほしい。パート4においては、制服着用の是非について賛否両論 の意見を理解しながら、生徒がさらに発展的にディスカッションを行う発問例を提示している。 Lesson 3 “School Uniforms” 【Part 1】 【イントロダクション】 T: What do you wear when you go to school every day? S: I wear my school uniform, of course. T: Yes, of course you do. Look at the pie chart on page 36. As you know, most Japanese high schools have school uniforms. ②How many senior high schools have a school uniform? S: 81% have school uniforms. T: Correct. Actually, most Japanese high schools and junior high schools have school uniforms. ②What percent of Japanese people wore school uniforms during their school days? S: More than 95% of them did. T: That’s right. In Japan, most Japanese people wore school uniforms when they were students. T:【Advanced】Look at these two numbers. Why are these two numbers different? Why do you think the second one is higher than the first one? S: Because the first one is about high schools, but the second one shows junior and high schools. I think wearing a school uniform is more popular in junior high schools. T: Good notice! Sometimes you have a choice to wear private clothes even when your school has a school uniform.