Juniper Crescent & Gilbey's Yard Architecture And
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JUNIPER CRESCENT & GILBEY’S YARD ARCHITECTURE AND HISTORY WORKSHOP BRIEFING DOCUMENT MAY 2020 CAMDEN GOODS YARD HISTORIC TIMELINE Below is a summary of the key historical events that have influenced the evolution of Camden. 1804 1855 1890 1997 1852 Gilbey’s bonded Construction of Modest houses The Eastern 1973 The West India warehouse; and 1939-1945 1966 Gilbeys Yard, Juniper get built under the and Western crescent and safeways docks was opened the North London Bomb Roundhouse The Camden Kentish Town act horse tunnels Line are dominant supermarket Damage opens market starts of 1788 1830 London and were built features Birmingham railway 1837 Primrose Hill tunnel 1960’S 1983 2006 1847 Road transport 1872 Breakfast television Roundhouse 1602 1820 1837 ousted rail. The Roundhouse, 1900 building new re-opens as a Camden didn’t Regents canal The windings and goods Gilbeys began Camden Town was a circular building life into the local concert venue distilling gin The Site cleared and no longer ideal for really exist completed shed containing a railway architecture access road built transport turntable was built RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE what is the history of CAMDEN? RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE Camden The black square is the approximate location of Camden in relation to the 1746 map. John Rocque’s Map of London. 1746 Before the industrial revolution, Camden used to be occupied by green fields, mainly used for agricultural purposes. The black square is the approximate location of Camden in relation to the 1746 map. CAMDEN was rural RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE REGENT’S CANAL COMPLETED 1820 • The introduction of Regent’s Canal in the early 19th century enabled • The Diagonal Bridge above is a unique feature of the Regent’s Camden to become an important transport hub Canal. It’s special orientation and shape was introduced to help horses turn around canal barges. • The railway extension and various infrastructure features were introduced to help the transportation, exchange and storage of • The need for horses within the canal network lead to the goods. construction of the stables. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE INTRODUCTION OF THE RAILWAYS 1830’S The construction of the London to Birmingham train line helped further Camden’s development as a centre for the transportation of goods. The railways required unique architectural elements, including the Primrose Hill tunnel. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE THE WINDING VAULTS AND GOOD SHED 1837 • The Winding Vaults were introduced in 1837. These were required to • Camden’s good shed acted as a hub for the buying, selling and facilitate the steam power trains to reach Euston Station which was exchange of goods. located at the bottom of a steep incline. As the steam engines were not strong enough, the Winding Engine Vaults facilitated this through • The shed also acted as a holding place for products to be taken an innovative pulley system. from the canal network to the railway. • The Winding Vaults were only used for seven years, however they • These activities have created the industrial architecture that we see have become an important part of Camden’s Industrial heritage today in Camden RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE THE USE OF HORSES • The stables and horse hospital were a crucial part of Camden’s transport network. • Horses facilitated the movement of goods from the canals to railways and local manufacturing businesses. • At the peak of their activity, the stables would have housed between 700-800 horses RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE MANUFACTURING 1870’S - ONWARDS • Two of the main manufacturing industries in Camden were gin and • A number of the Gilbey’s warehouses still remain along the canal. pianos. These can be related to Camden’s later status as a music and entertainment hub • There were a number of piano manufacturers within Camden exporting pianos all over the world. • Gilbey’s became on of the largest industries in Camden, initially importing wine from abroad (due to the transport networks), then turning to gin manufacturing. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS - PIANO FACTORIES Chappel Factory Collard & Collard piano factory The building above was a piano factory creating bespoke pianos for The circular building above was part of the Collard & Collard’s piano a number of famous people, including Beethoven. During the war, the factories who had a number of facilities next to Oval Road. Each building was used as a munitions factory. space within the factory had its own purpose in the manufacturing process, including case-making, fall-making, the ‘ware room’, ‘bellying’ ‘finishing’, and others. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Many other industrial buildings can be seen throughout Camden, including the Grade II* listed Roundhouse, the Interchange and the horses stables. Their most important architectural features are: • Rigorous alignment of windows and doors • Special brickwork patterns, especially at the top of the building • Use of different brick colours • Features within the roof line e.g chimneys • Large floor areas CAMDEN is industrial RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE UNIQUE Camden is famous for its vibrant streets, colourful buildings and markets. What areas of Camden do you believe are unique? RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE MUSIC A number of bands and musicians come from Camden, including Madness - one of the most prominent bands of the late 1970s early 80’s. The electric ballroom has also been holding music events for over 80 years and is iconic to the area. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ART Camden is home to a number of artists. Art has been essential to the growth of Camden and can be always seen within the streets, buildings and public open space. Camden is a place where people can express themselves. CAMDEN 50 PHOTOGRAPHY COMPETITION WINNER BY ANN CLEMENTS RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE THE ROUNDHOUSE One building, three uses. The Roundhouse has been one of the most resilient buildings in Camden. Initially designed as a railway infrastructure building, it was later used for gin storage and has recently become a very successful music and cultural venue. RAILWAY GIN STORAGE CULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE WAREHOUSE VENUE RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE CAMDEN’S UNIQUE BUILDINGS Regent’s Canal, rear gardens Grand Union Walk, Regent’s Canal Gloucester Crescent, Italianate architecture CAMDEN is creative RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? FUTURE CONTEXT MORRISONS DEVELOPMENT THE BACKBONE BUILDINGS Block B Block D Block F Material Pallete Block B West Elevation by Allies and Morrison Block D East Elevation by Allies and Morrison Block F South Elevation by Allies and Morrison RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? FUTURE CONTEXT MORRISONS DEVELOPMENT THE FEATURE BUILDINGS Material Pallete Block A Elevation by Allies and Morrison Block C Elevation by Allies and Morrison Block E1 Elevation by Allies and Morrison RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? FUTURE CONTEXT MORRISONS DEVELOPMENT VILLA/TERRACE TYPOLOGIES Block A Local Influences Material Pallet Elevation by Allies and Morrison Gloucester Crescent Italianate Villas Block E1 Elevation by Allies and Morrison RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? FUTURE CONTEXT MORRISONS DEVELOPMENT TREATMENT OF LEVEL DIFFERENCES Gilbey’s Yard Juniper Crescent North Elevation study by Allies and Morrison East Elevation by Allies and Morrison What is YOUR Camden? RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? JUNIPER CRESCENT Tell us what you like about your neighbourhood. RURAL INDUSTRIAL CREATIVE ? GILBEY’S YARD Tell us what you like about your neighbourhood Supportive information Significant Buildings SIGNIFICANT BUILDINGS THE ROUNDHOUSE Formerly known as the Warehouse of W & A Gilbey, the Roudhouse is a Grade II* listed industrial building that represents an important landmark and cultural centre for the area. The building was converted into a performing art and concert venue Yellow stock brick in 1964. The building was designed by Robert B Dockray, and built by Branson & Gwyther in 1846 as an engine shed, which was then turned into a warehouse for Gilbey’s gin in the 1860s for 90 years. Red brick The building has a circular plan of 48m in diameter, constructed in yellow stock brick and is distinctive for its unusual circular shape and pointed roof. Slate roof Glass Horizontal banding with strong roof line with pointed roof Vertical articulation through extruded columns at regular Upper storey openings/ recesses increase in size creating spacing appearance of weight around the base SIGNIFICANT BUILDINGS Decorative cornice PIANO FACTORY entablature The Grade II listed Piano Factory built in 1852 by Thomas and William Piper, also stands as a significant example of industrial architecture. The building has been renamed The Rotunda and converted into office space occupied Yellow stock brick by an architecture studio and the SSR music production school. The building stands out with its distinct circular plan, bold design, scale and prominent position on the corner of Gloucester Crescent and Oval Road. Cast iron windows The building is detailed by simple brickwork, arched cast iron windows separated by raised brick pilasters that run the across the full height of the building, and decorative cornice entablature projecting beyond the splayed stucco cornice. Brickwork detailing Horizontal banding with strong roof line Vertical articulation emphasised by raised and extruded Circular plan with arched cast iron windows create a very pilasters at regular spacing distinct design SIGNIFICANT BUILDINGS glazed roof Brickwork THE INTERCHANGE BUILDING detailing The Interchange Warehouse built in 1896 is a Grade II listed building. It stands